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Raad H, Shihab O. The impact of pediatric congenital heart disease on primary teeth structure: a histological study. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2023; 94:e2023260. [PMID: 38054687 PMCID: PMC10734225 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v94i6.14567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is an abnormality in the structure or function of the cardio-circulatory system present at birth and the ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common CHD in children. This study aimed to determine any differences in the histological structure of primary teeth between both healthy children and those children with ventricular septal defects in Erbil City. Methods enrolled children were divided into two groups. Group I (control) & group II (CHD) aged between 6-10 years old. A total of 44 children were collected, (22 children) in each group. Enamel, dentin, and odontoblast layers were examined histologically. Unpaired t-test used for statistical analysis. Results: The histopathological sections showed a significant difference in enamel, dentin, and odontoblast layer thickness (255.8 ± 41.68- 406.4 ±46.39), (1156 ± 116.0 - 1320 ± 117.4) and (29.74 ± 7.66 -41.38 ± 12.06) respectively, with p values (P < 0.0001) for enamel and dentin layer, and P < 0.0004 for odontoblast layer. A study of the images in the CHD group showed that the tooth tissue lost its integrity and cohesion in some places, and the thickness of the enamel and dentin layer in this group was significantly reduced compared to group I. Tissue loss in enamel, pulp, and dentin cell were observed. Also, connective tissue layers in the pulp were disrupted. Conclusions: CHD can alter the natural structure formation of primary teeth. Histologically, enamel, dentin, and odontoblasts layer thickness reduction are found in primary teeth in children with ventricular septal defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda Raad
- hawler medical university-college of dentistry.
| | - Omed Shihab
- hawler medical university-college of dentistry.
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Rughwani RR, Cholan PK, Victor DJ. Congenital Heart Diseases and Periodontal Diseases—Is There a Link? Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:937480. [PMID: 35845078 PMCID: PMC9279652 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.937480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
An understanding in the field of periodontal medicine explains the fact that the oral cavity serves as a niche for numerous pathogenic microorganisms. When these microorganisms or their by-products disseminate to the various parts of the body, they are capable of triggering diseases characterized by an altered host immune-inflammatory response in the anatomically distinct organ. This mechanism is reported in the propagation of cardiovascular diseases with respect to periodontal medicine. Abundant amount of literature suggests an association between atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and periodontal diseases. However, there is very less data available to highlight the association between periodontal disease and non-atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, such as congenital anomalies of the heart. This review outlines the relationship between periodontal diseases and congenital heart diseases and also helps us understand whether the presence of periodontal disease can worsen the preexisting congenital cardiac disease.
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Sarra G, Neves ILI, Moreira MS, Santos‐Paul MA, Montano TCP, Carvalho CMA, Neves RS. Implications in oral health care for recovered cardiac patients: Long‐term effects of COVID‐19 pandemic. Oral Dis 2022; 28 Suppl 1:981-982. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.13621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Sarra
- Dental Unit Faculdade de Medicina Instituto do Coração (InCor) Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP Universidade de São Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
- Department Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry University of Sao Paulo (USP) Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Itamara Lucia Itagiba Neves
- Dental Unit Faculdade de Medicina Instituto do Coração (InCor) Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP Universidade de São Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Maria Stella Moreira
- Dental Unit Faculdade de Medicina Instituto do Coração (InCor) Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP Universidade de São Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
- Post Graduation Program School of Dentistry Ibirapuera University Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Marcela Alves Santos‐Paul
- Dental Unit Faculdade de Medicina Instituto do Coração (InCor) Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP Universidade de São Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Tânia Cristina Pedroso Montano
- Dental Unit Faculdade de Medicina Instituto do Coração (InCor) Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP Universidade de São Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Cíntia Maria Alencar Carvalho
- Dental Unit Faculdade de Medicina Instituto do Coração (InCor) Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP Universidade de São Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Ricardo Simões Neves
- Dental Unit Faculdade de Medicina Instituto do Coração (InCor) Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP Universidade de São Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
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Moreira MS, Neves ILI, de Bernoche CYSM, Sarra G, Dos Santos-Paul MA, Campos Neves da Silva F, Schroter GT, Montano TCP, de Carvalho CMA, Neves RS. Bilateral paresthesia associated with cardiovascular disease and COVID-19. Oral Dis 2022; 28 Suppl 1:912-915. [PMID: 32640483 PMCID: PMC7361440 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Stella Moreira
- Dental Unit, Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Post Graduation Program, School of Dentistry, Ibirapuera University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Itamara Lucia Itagiba Neves
- Dental Unit, Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudia Yanet San Martin de Bernoche
- Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit, Cardiovascular Department, Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Sarra
- Department Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcela Alves Dos Santos-Paul
- Dental Unit, Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Campos Neves da Silva
- Dental Unit, Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Torres Schroter
- Dental Unit, Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tânia Cristina Pedroso Montano
- Dental Unit, Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cíntia Maria Alencar de Carvalho
- Dental Unit, Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Simões Neves
- Dental Unit, Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Bumm CV, Folwaczny M. Infective endocarditis and oral health-a Narrative Review. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2021; 11:1403-1415. [PMID: 35070809 PMCID: PMC8748486 DOI: 10.21037/cdt-20-908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Infective endocarditis is a rare but usually severe and often fatal inflammatory disease affecting the endocardial surface, native and prosthetic valves or cardiac devices. Besides various staphylococcus species, oral viridans streptococci are known to play a crucial role in the development of endocarditis, especially in patients with underlying cardiac conditions, such as valve replacement, congenital heart disease and a history of previous infective endocarditis. Particularly undetected persisting odontogenic infections and their secondary symptoms, as well as various therapeutic measures for their prevention and treatment, may lead to bacterial transfer from the oral cavity into the bloodstream, eventually enabling bacterial adherence to endocardial surfaces and thus promoting infective endocarditis. The administration of antibiotics prior to dental interventions in order to prevent this mechanism was initially recommended almost seventy years ago and has been the subject of research and intensive discussion ever since. Recently, numerous professional societies worldwide have published guidelines and updates on the prevention of endocarditis with divergent recommendations regarding the requirement of prophylactic antibiotic regimen prior to dental procedures. The objective of this article was therefore to review the currently available literature regarding oral health and infective endocarditis and to examine the rationale behind the inconsistent recommendation situation, critically.
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Sabella FM, de Feiria SNB, Ribeiro ADA, Theodoro LH, Höfling JF, Parisotto TM, Duque C. Exploring the Interplay Between Oral Diseases, Microbiome, and Chronic Diseases Driven by Metabolic Dysfunction in Childhood. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.718441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral childhood diseases, such as caries and gingivitis, have much more than a local impact on the dentition and tooth surrounding tissues, which can affect systemic conditions. While the mouth is frequently exposed to microbial stressors that can contribute to an inflammatory state in the entire body, chronic disorders can also interfere with oral health. Sharing common risk factors, a dynamic interplay can be driven between 1. dental caries, gingivitis, and type I diabetes mellitus, 2. early childhood caries and obesity, and 3. caries and cardiovascular diseases. Considering that there are ~2.2 billion children worldwide and that childhood provides unique opportunities for intervention targeting future health promotion, this review is of prime importance and aimed to explore the relationship between the oral microbiome and oral chronic diseases driven by metabolic dysfunction in childhood.
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