1
|
Tang R, Liu R, Zha H, Cheng Y, Ling Z, Li L. Gut microbiota induced epigenetic modifications in the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease pathogenesis. Eng Life Sci 2024; 24:2300016. [PMID: 38708414 PMCID: PMC11065334 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202300016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a growing global health concern that can lead to liver disease and cancer. It is characterized by an excessive accumulation of fat in the liver, unrelated to excessive alcohol consumption. Studies indicate that the gut microbiota-host crosstalk may play a causal role in NAFLD pathogenesis, with epigenetic modification serving as a key mechanism for regulating this interaction. In this review, we explore how the interplay between gut microbiota and the host epigenome impacts the development of NAFLD. Specifically, we discuss how gut microbiota-derived factors, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), can modulate the DNA methylation and histone acetylation of genes associated with NAFLD, subsequently affecting lipid metabolism and immune homeostasis. Although the current literature suggests a link between gut microbiota and NAFLD development, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways underlying this crosstalk remains limited. Therefore, more comprehensive epigenomic and multi-omic studies, including broader clinical and animal experiments, are needed to further explore the mechanisms linking the gut microbiota to NAFLD-associated genes. These studies are anticipated to improve microbial markers based on epigenetic strategies and provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of NAFLD, ultimately addressing a significant unmet clinical need.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Center of Pediatric Hematology‐oncologyPediatric Leukemia Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology Research Center of Zhejiang ProvinceNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthChildren's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Hua Zha
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Yiwen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Zongxin Ling
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong LaboratoryJinanChina
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong LaboratoryJinanChina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pérez Compte D, Etourneau L, Hesse AM, Kraut A, Barthelon J, Sturm N, Borges H, Biennier S, Courçon M, de Saint Loup M, Mignot V, Costentin C, Burger T, Couté Y, Bruley C, Decaens T, Jaquinod M, Boursier J, Brun V. Plasma ALS and Gal-3BP differentiate early from advanced liver fibrosis in MASLD patients. Biomark Res 2024; 12:44. [PMID: 38679739 PMCID: PMC11057169 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00583-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is estimated to affect 30% of the world's population, and its prevalence is increasing in line with obesity. Liver fibrosis is closely related to mortality, making it the most important clinical parameter for MASLD. It is currently assessed by liver biopsy - an invasive procedure that has some limitations. There is thus an urgent need for a reliable non-invasive means to diagnose earlier MASLD stages. METHODS A discovery study was performed on 158 plasma samples from histologically-characterised MASLD patients using mass spectrometry (MS)-based quantitative proteomics. Differentially abundant proteins were selected for verification by ELISA in the same cohort. They were subsequently validated in an independent MASLD cohort (n = 200). RESULTS From the 72 proteins differentially abundant between patients with early (F0-2) and advanced fibrosis (F3-4), we selected Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein complex acid labile subunit (ALS) and Galectin-3-binding protein (Gal-3BP) for further study. In our validation cohort, AUROCs with 95% CIs of 0.744 [0.673 - 0.816] and 0.735 [0.661 - 0.81] were obtained for ALS and Gal-3BP, respectively. Combining ALS and Gal-3BP improved the assessment of advanced liver fibrosis, giving an AUROC of 0.796 [0.731. 0.862]. The {ALS; Gal-3BP} model surpassed classic fibrosis panels in predicting advanced liver fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Further investigations with complementary cohorts will be needed to confirm the usefulness of ALS and Gal-3BP individually and in combination with other biomarkers for diagnosis of liver fibrosis. With the availability of ELISA assays, these findings could be rapidly clinically translated, providing direct benefits for patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Pérez Compte
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UA13 BGE, CNRS, FR2048 ProFI, EDyP team, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Lucas Etourneau
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UA13 BGE, CNRS, FR2048 ProFI, EDyP team, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, UMR 5525, VetAgro Sup, Grenoble INP, TIMC, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne-Marie Hesse
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UA13 BGE, CNRS, FR2048 ProFI, EDyP team, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Alexandra Kraut
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UA13 BGE, CNRS, FR2048 ProFI, EDyP team, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Justine Barthelon
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Clinique Universitaire d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Nathalie Sturm
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Clinique Universitaire d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Hélène Borges
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UA13 BGE, CNRS, FR2048 ProFI, EDyP team, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Salomé Biennier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UA13 BGE, CNRS, FR2048 ProFI, EDyP team, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Marie Courçon
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UA13 BGE, CNRS, FR2048 ProFI, EDyP team, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Marc de Saint Loup
- Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital, Angers, France
- HIFIH Laboratory, UPRES 3859, SFR 4208, LUNAM University, Angers, France
| | - Victoria Mignot
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Clinique Universitaire d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences-INSERM U1209/ CNRS UMR 5309, Grenoble, France
| | - Charlotte Costentin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Clinique Universitaire d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences-INSERM U1209/ CNRS UMR 5309, Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Burger
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UA13 BGE, CNRS, FR2048 ProFI, EDyP team, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Yohann Couté
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UA13 BGE, CNRS, FR2048 ProFI, EDyP team, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Christophe Bruley
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UA13 BGE, CNRS, FR2048 ProFI, EDyP team, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Decaens
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Clinique Universitaire d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences-INSERM U1209/ CNRS UMR 5309, Grenoble, France
| | - Michel Jaquinod
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UA13 BGE, CNRS, FR2048 ProFI, EDyP team, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France.
| | - Jérôme Boursier
- Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital, Angers, France
- HIFIH Laboratory, UPRES 3859, SFR 4208, LUNAM University, Angers, France
| | - Virginie Brun
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UA13 BGE, CNRS, FR2048 ProFI, EDyP team, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France.
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Leti, 38000, Grenoble, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sun B, Kang Y, Zhou J, Feng Y, Wang W, Wu X, Zhang X, Li M. Association Between Different Types of Physical Activity and Hepatic Steatosis and Liver Fibrosis: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on NHANES. J Clin Gastroenterol 2024:00004836-990000000-00270. [PMID: 38457411 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000001985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Many studies have shown a link between physical activity (PA) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, more research is needed to investigate the relationship between different types of PA and NAFLD. This study aimed to explore the potential link between different types of PA, hepatic steatosis, and liver fibrosis. STUDY A cross-sectional study was conducted using the data set from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2017 to 2020. A multiple linear regression model was used to examine the linear relationship between different types of PA, the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), and liver stiffness measurement (LSM). In addition, smoothing curve fitting and threshold effect analysis were used to depict their nonlinear relationship. RESULTS This study involved 5933 adults. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed a significantly negative correlation between leisure-time PA and CAP, while the relationship between occupation-related PA, transportation-related PA, and CAP was not significant. Subgroup analysis further revealed that leisure-time PA was significantly negatively correlated with CAP in women and younger age groups (under 60 y old), while the relationship was not significant in men and older age groups. In addition, there was a significant negative correlation between leisure-time PA and liver fibrosis in men. CONCLUSIONS Leisure-time PA can prevent hepatic steatosis, and women and young people benefit more. Occupation-related PA is not associated with hepatic steatosis and cannot replace leisure-time PA. In men, increasing leisure-time PA is more effective in preventing liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Sun
- Department of Cadre Gastroenterology
| | | | | | - Ying Feng
- Department of Cadre Gastroenterology
| | - Wutao Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | | | | | - Minli Li
- Department of Cadre Gastroenterology
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Younossi ZM, Zelber-Sagi S, Henry L, Gerber LH. Lifestyle interventions in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 20:708-722. [PMID: 37402873 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-023-00800-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a dynamic chronic liver disease that develops in close association with metabolic irregularities. Between 2016 and 2019, the global prevalence among adults was reported as 38% and among children and adolescents it was about 10%. NAFLD can be progressive and is associated with increased mortality from cardiovascular disease, extrahepatic cancers and liver complications. Despite these numerous adverse outcomes, no pharmacological treatments currently exist to treat nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, the progressive form of NAFLD. Therefore, the main treatment is the pursuit of a healthy lifestyle for both children and adults, which includes a diet rich in fruits, nuts, seeds, whole grains, fish and chicken and avoiding overconsumption of ultra-processed food, red meat, sugar-sweetened beverages and foods cooked at high heat. Physical activity at a level where one can talk but not sing is also recommended, including leisure-time activities and structured exercise. Avoidance of smoking and alcohol is also recommended. Policy-makers, community and school leaders need to work together to make their environments healthy by developing walkable and safe spaces with food stores stocked with culturally appropriate and healthy food items at affordable prices as well as providing age-appropriate and safe play areas in both schools and neighbourhoods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zobair M Younossi
- Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Health System, Falls Church, VA, USA.
- Center for Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Inova Fairfax Medical Campus, Falls Church, VA, USA.
- Inova Medicine, Inova Health System, Falls Church, VA, USA.
| | | | - Linda Henry
- Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Health System, Falls Church, VA, USA
- Inova Medicine, Inova Health System, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | - Lynn H Gerber
- Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Health System, Falls Church, VA, USA
- Inova Medicine, Inova Health System, Falls Church, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Momeni A, Haghshenas R, Jahromi SR. The association of dietary and lifestyle indices for hyperinsulinemia with odds of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Iranian adults: a case-control study. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:16. [PMID: 36670457 PMCID: PMC9854092 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-023-00675-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on the association of insulinemic effects of dietary pattern and other lifestyle factors with the odds of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are limited. In the current study, we aimed to examine the association of the empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) and empirical lifestyle index for hyperinsulinemia (ELIH) index with the NAFLD odds in the adult population. METHODS In the current case-control study, 120 cases of NAFLD and 240 controls aged 20-60 years were included. The ultrasonography test was used to determine NAFLD. We used a validated food frequency questionnaire to collect dietary data of individuals and determine the scores of EDIH. Also, we determined the ELIH score based on diet, body mass index, and physical activity. The odds ratio (OR) of NAFLD was calculated using logistic regression test across EDIH and ELIH tertiles. RESULTS The mean ± SD age of subjects (53% men) were 41.8 ± 7.5 years. In the age and sex-adjusted model, there is a significant association between a higher ELIH score and higher odds of NAFLD (OR = 2.74;95%CI:1.51-4.96,Ptrend = 0.001). Also, based on the multivariable-adjusted model, after controlling for age and sex, smoking, SES, and dietary intake of energy a remarkable positive association was observed between the higher score of ELIH and the odds of NAFLD (OR = 2.70; 95%CI:1.46-5.01,Ptrend = 0.002). However, there is no significant relationship between the higher score of EDIH and NAFLD odds. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that the high insulinemic potential of lifestyle, determined by the ELIH score, can be related to an increased NAFLD odds. However, no significant association was found between higher EDIH score and odds of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aref Momeni
- grid.412475.10000 0001 0506 807XDepartment of Physical Education and Sport Science, Humanity Faculty, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
| | - Rouhollah Haghshenas
- grid.412475.10000 0001 0506 807XDepartment of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
| | - Soodeh Razeghi Jahromi
- grid.411600.2Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Doustmohammadian A, Nouri Saeidlou S, Esfandyari S, Gholizadeh E, Maadi M, Motamed N, Ajdarkosh H, Khoonsari M, Clark CCT, Zamani F. Dietary Acid Load (DAL), Glycated Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and Metabolic Syndrome (MeS) Mediate the Association of the Adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stopping Hypertension (DASH) and Mediterranean Diet (MeD) With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Nutr 2022; 9:921415. [PMID: 35873411 PMCID: PMC9301207 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.921415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the association of adults adhering to Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and Mediterranean diet (MeD) with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) using structural equation modeling (SEM) in Iran. In this population-based cross-sectional study, 3,220 adults (44.65% female) aged ≥18 years were selected from the Amol Cohort Study (AmolCS). The dietary intakes were assessed by a validated 168-item semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Residual method energy adjustment of MeD and DASH scores were calculated. Demographic characteristics and anthropometric and laboratory measurements were collected. NAFLD was diagnosed by an expert radiologist via ultrasound sonography. Based on the primary hypothesis, DASH, MeD, and NAFLD were fitted into models. Metabolic syndrome (MeS) as a potential risk factor directly affected NAFLD risk in all these models. In both genders, the higher adherence to DASH negatively affected NAFLD risk indirectly through the two following paths. (1) Dietary acid load (DAL) and metabolic syndrome (2) DAL and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). In addition, the higher DAL positively affected NAFLD risk among male participants indirectly via increasing HbA1c level and MeS (from DAL to HbA1c: β = 0.07, P < 0.001; from HbA1c to MeS: β = 0.10, P < 0.001). Similarly, in both genders, the relationship between MeD and NAFLD was mediated through (1) DAL, HbA1c, and MeS and (2) DAL and MeS. Further, among male participants, the MeD and NAFLD risk were also associated via the mediators of HbA1c and MeS. In female participants, the higher MeD score was directly associated with a reduction of NAFLD risk (β = -0.07, P = 0.008). The present study found three important mediators, including DAL, HbA1c, and MeS, in the association of DASH and MeD scores with NAFLD risk. Preventive and therapeutic interventions should target the mediators, including DAL, HbA1c, MeS, and its components, to reduce NAFLD incidence in the general population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azam Doustmohammadian
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Nouri Saeidlou
- Food and Beverages Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Esmaeel Gholizadeh
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansooreh Maadi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Motamed
- Department of Social Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hossein Ajdarkosh
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoodreza Khoonsari
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cain C. T. Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Farhad Zamani
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Segura-Azuara NDLÁ, Varela-Chinchilla CD, Trinidad-Calderón PA. MAFLD/NAFLD Biopsy-Free Scoring Systems for Hepatic Steatosis, NASH, and Fibrosis Diagnosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:774079. [PMID: 35096868 PMCID: PMC8792949 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.774079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), formerly known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, is the most prevalent liver disorder worldwide. Historically, its diagnosis required biopsy, even though the procedure has a variable degree of error. Therefore, new non-invasive strategies are needed. Consequently, this article presents a thorough review of biopsy-free scoring systems proposed for the diagnosis of MAFLD. Similarly, it compares the severity of the disease, ranging from hepatic steatosis (HS) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) to fibrosis, by contrasting the corresponding serum markers, clinical associations, and performance metrics of these biopsy-free scoring systems. In this regard, defining MAFLD in conjunction with non-invasive tests can accurately identify patients with fatty liver at risk of fibrosis and its complications. Nonetheless, several biopsy-free scoring systems have been assessed only in certain cohorts; thus, further validation studies in different populations are required, with adjustment for variables, such as body mass index (BMI), clinical settings, concomitant diseases, and ethnic backgrounds. Hence, comprehensive studies on the effects of age, morbid obesity, and prevalence of MAFLD and advanced fibrosis in the target population are required. Nevertheless, the current clinical practice is urged to incorporate biopsy-free scoring systems that demonstrate adequate performance metrics for the accurate detection of patients with MAFLD and underlying conditions or those with contraindications of biopsy.
Collapse
|
8
|
George ES, Sood S, Daly RM, Tan SY. Is there an association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cognitive function? A systematic review. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:47. [PMID: 35016619 PMCID: PMC8753832 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02721-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is represented as the most common liver disease worldwide. NAFLD is associated with metabolic risk factors underpinned by insulin resistance, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, leading to extrahepatic changes in central nervous diseases such as cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease and dementia. The aim of the review is to explore the association between NAFLD and cognitive function. METHODS Using the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic electronic literature search was conducted in four databases: MEDLINE, PsychINFO, Embase and CINAHL from inception until March 2021. Neuropsychological tests utilised within each study were grouped into relevant cognitive domains including 'general cognition', 'reasoning', 'mental speed, attention and psychomotor speed', 'memory and learning', 'language', 'visuospatial perception' and 'ideas, abstraction, figural creations and mental flexibility'. RESULTS Eleven observational studies that involved 7978 participants with a mean age of 51 years were included. Those with NAFLD had poor cognitive performance in three cognitive domains, including 'general cognition', 'mental speed, attention and psychomotor speed', and 'ideas, abstraction, figural creations and mental flexibility'. CONCLUSION The observed results from the 11 included studies showed that NAFLD was associated with lower cognitive performance across several domains. However, studies conducted to date are limited to observational designs and are heterogeneous with varying diagnostic tools used to assess cognitive function. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO Registration: CRD42020161640 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena S George
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, 3220, Australia.
| | - Surbhi Sood
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, 3220, Australia
| | - Robin M Daly
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, 3220, Australia
| | - Sze-Yen Tan
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, 3220, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Si J, Lee G, You HJ, Joo SK, Lee DH, Ku BJ, Park S, Kim W, Ko G. Gut microbiome signatures distinguish type 2 diabetes mellitus from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:5920-5930. [PMID: 34849196 PMCID: PMC8591343 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), and these two metabolic diseases demonstrate bidirectional influences. The identification of microbiome profiles that are specific to liver injury or impaired glucose metabolism may assist understanding of the role of the gut microbiota in the relationship between NAFLD and T2D. Here, we studied a biopsy-proven Asian NAFLD cohort (n = 329; 187 participants with NAFLD, 101 with NAFLD and T2D, and 41 with neither) and identified Enterobacter, Romboutsia, and Clostridium sensu stricto as the principal taxa associated with the severity of NAFLD and T2D, whereas Ruminococcus and Megamonas were specific to NAFLD. In particular, the taxa that were associated with both severe liver pathology and T2D were also significantly associated with markers of diabetes, such as fasting blood glucose and Hb1Ac. Enterotype analysis demonstrated that participants with NAFLD had a significantly higher proportion of Bacteroides and a lower proportion of Ruminococcus than a Korean healthy twin cohort (n = 756). However, T2D could not be clearly distinguished from NAFLD. Analysis of an independent T2D cohort (n = 185) permitted us to validate the T2D-specific bacterial signature identified in the NAFLD cohort. Functional inference analysis revealed that endotoxin biosynthesis pathways were significantly enriched in participants with NAFLD and T2D, compared with those with NAFLD alone. These findings may assist with the development of effective therapeutic approaches for metabolic diseases that are associated with specific bacterial signatures.
Collapse
Key Words
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- BMI, body mass index
- Biomarker
- Enterotype
- FBS, fasting blood sugar
- FDR, false discovery rate
- FLI, fatty liver index
- Gut microbiome
- HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin
- LDL, low-density lipoprotein
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- MaAsLin2, microbiome multivariable association with linear models 2
- NAFL, non-alcoholic fatty liver
- NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
- NASH-CRN, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis clinical research network
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
- PICRUSt2, phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states 2
- T2D, type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Si
- Medical Science Research Institute, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Giljae Lee
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju You
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae Kyung Joo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyeon Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Jeong Ku
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoyeon Park
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - GwangPyo Ko
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Center for Human and Environmental Microbiome, Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- KoBioLabs, Inc., Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Bio-MAX/N-Bio, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ryyti R, Pemmari A, Peltola R, Hämäläinen M, Moilanen E. Effects of Lingonberry ( Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) Supplementation on Hepatic Gene Expression in High-Fat Diet Fed Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:3693. [PMID: 34835949 PMCID: PMC8623941 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is growing worldwide in association with Western-style diet and increasing obesity. Lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) is rich in polyphenols and has been shown to attenuate adverse metabolic changes in obese liver. This paper investigated the effects of lingonberry supplementation on hepatic gene expression in high-fat diet induced obesity in a mouse model. C57BL/6N male mice were fed for six weeks with either a high-fat (HF) or low-fat (LF) diet (46% and 10% energy from fat, respectively) or HF diet supplemented with air-dried lingonberry powder (HF + LGB). HF diet induced a major phenotypic change in the liver, predominantly affecting genes involved in inflammation and in glucose and lipid metabolism. Lingonberry supplementation prevented the effect of HF diet on an array of genes (in total on 263 genes) associated particularly with lipid or glucose metabolic process (such as Mogat1, Plin4, Igfbp2), inflammatory/immune response or cell migration (such as Lcn2, Saa1, Saa2, Cxcl14, Gcp1, S100a10) and cell cycle regulation (such as Cdkn1a, Tubb2a, Tubb6). The present results suggest that lingonberry supplementation prevents HF diet-induced adverse changes in the liver that are known to predispose the development of NAFLD and its comorbidities. The findings encourage carrying out human intervention trials to confirm the results, with the aim of recommending the use of lingonberries as a part of healthy diet against obesity and its hepatic and metabolic comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riitta Ryyti
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland; (R.R.); (A.P.); (M.H.)
| | - Antti Pemmari
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland; (R.R.); (A.P.); (M.H.)
| | - Rainer Peltola
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Bioeconomy and Environment, 96200 Rovaniemi, Finland;
| | - Mari Hämäläinen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland; (R.R.); (A.P.); (M.H.)
| | - Eeva Moilanen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland; (R.R.); (A.P.); (M.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Domech CR, Travieso JCF, Guridi ZD, Fernández MIC, del Vallín SL, Carralero AR, Batallie EF, Alvarez AMA, Dorta LF, Ferrer JI, Castaño SM, García MR, Rivero GJ, Alvarez YV. Comparative study of the effects of Abexol and atorvastatin in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Exp Hepatol 2021; 7:55-65. [PMID: 34027116 PMCID: PMC8122099 DOI: 10.5114/ceh.2021.104387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the efficacy and safety of Abexol and atorvastatin in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Material and methods: The present study had a monocentric, randomized, double-blinded, comparative design with 4 parallel groups - group 1 (Abexol), group 2 (atorvastatin), group 3 (combined therapy) and group 4 (placebo) - to which dietary recommendations and physical activity practice were provided twice a day, for 24 weeks. Significant changes in the ultrasound analysis of the liver were considered a primary efficacy variable. Insulin resistance improvement (HOMA2-IR) was considered as a co-primary efficacy criterion. Significant changes in the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lipid profile variables and the anthropometric variables were evaluated as secondary variables of effectiveness. Statistical analysis of all data was according to the intention to treat method. RESULTS The groups were statistically homogeneous at baseline conditions. At the end of the 6 months of treatment about 50% of the patients in all groups showed a decrease of at least one degree in echogenicity, while the rest remained the same. There were no significant changes in the values of liver enzymes or anthropometric variables evaluated. Treatment with atorvastatin and combined therapy significantly reduced levels of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol. The treatments were safe and well tolerated, although in the atorvastatin group the number of adverse events reported was greater than in the rest of the groups. CONCLUSIONS Abexol and atorvastatin showed comparable efficacy and safety in patients with NAFLD, with advantages for treatment with atorvastatin with respect to its effects on the lipid profile of these patients.
Collapse
|
12
|
Kartsoli S, Kostara CE, Tsimihodimos V, Bairaktari ET, Christodoulou DK. Lipidomics in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Hepatol 2020; 12:436-450. [PMID: 32952872 PMCID: PMC7475773 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v12.i8.436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common chronic liver disorder in Western countries, comprises steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), with the latter having the potential to progress to cirrhosis. The transition from isolated steatosis to NASH is still poorly understood, but lipidomics approach revealed that the hepatic lipidome is extensively altered in the setting of steatosis and steatohepatitis and these alterations correlate with disease progression. Recent data suggest that both quantity and quality of the accumulated lipids are involved in pathogenesis of NAFLD. Changes in glycerophospholipid, sphingolipid, and fatty acid composition have been described in both liver biopsies and plasma of patients with NAFLD, implicating that specific lipid species are involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death. In this article, we summarize the findings of main human lipidomics studies in NAFLD and delineate the currently available information on the pathogenetic role of each lipid class in lipotoxicity and disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Kartsoli
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Christina E Kostara
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Vasilis Tsimihodimos
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Eleni T Bairaktari
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Dimitrios K Christodoulou
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sun L, Wang Q, Liu M, Xu G, Yin H, Wang D, Xie F, Jin B, Jin Y, Yang H, Zhou J, Mao Y. Albumin binding function is a novel biomarker for early liver damage and disease progression in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Endocrine 2020; 69:294-302. [PMID: 32399892 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02319-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Indicators to assess early liver damage and disease progression in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remain unsatisfactory. Albumin binding function has been reported to be an early indicator of liver damage in hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. However, its role in NAFLD patients is unknown. METHODS An age/sex-matched, case-control study was performed. Albumin-binding capacity (ABiC) and albumin metal ion binding ability, assessed by ischemia modified albumin (IMA), were measured. Correlation analysis was performed to assess the association of albumin binding function with liver function enzymes and noninvasive liver fibrosis markers. RESULTS A total of 80 NAFLD patients and 41 healthy controls were included. Albumin binding function was significantly lower in NAFLD (ABiC: 196.00%, p < 0.001; IMA transformed (IMAT): 0.461, p < 0.001; and IMAT/albumin: 0.947 × 10-2, p < 0.001) than controls (ABiC: 211.00%; IMAT: 0.575; and IMAT/albumin: 1.206 × 10-2). Albumin binding function was also found to be significantly different among healthy participants and different severity groups of NAFLD (p < 0.001). Besides, albumin binding function showed positive correlation with BMI (ABiC: r = -0.247, p = 0.011; IMAT: r = -0.243, p = 0.013; IMAT/albumin: r = -0.254, p = 0.009) and FIB-4 index (ABiC: r = 0.230, p = 0.029). The ROC curve suggested that albumin binding function combined with BMI and triglyceride may predict the presence of NAFLD (area under ROC (AUROC) = 0.935, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest albumin binding function is a novel biomarker for early liver damage and disease progression in NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lejia Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Medical Examination Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Meixi Liu
- Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Huanhuan Yin
- Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyue Wang
- Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Feihu Xie
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Bao Jin
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Yukai Jin
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Huayu Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Junying Zhou
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
| | - Yilei Mao
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chen J, Deng X, Liu Y, Tan Q, Huang G, Che Q, Guo J, Su Z. Kupffer Cells in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Friend or Foe? Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:2367-2378. [PMID: 32760204 PMCID: PMC7378652 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.47143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing all around the world and it may become the primary cause of terminal liver disease in adults and children in the next few decades. However, the pathogenesis of NAFLD is complex, and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved any drugs for its treatment. Kupffer cells are the key cells regulating immunity in the liver, and the effect of their unique polarization on NAFLD has received increasing attention. Kupffer cells mainly reside in the lumen of hepatic sinusoids and account for 80% to 90% of colonized macrophages in the human body. They are phagocytic cells with the capacity for self-renewal that rarely migrate from their niche in the liver, and play a crucial role in regulating and maintaining homeostasis. Upon liver damage, Kupffer cells will be activated, releasing a good deal of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. This review summarizes the multiple roles of Kupffer cells in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, the role of infiltrating macrophages in the pathogenesis of NAFLD is also briefly discussed, and aims to provide a theoretical basis for designing an NAFLD treatment strategy with Kupffer cells as the therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Chen
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM, Level 3 Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism SATCM, Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoyi Deng
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM, Level 3 Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism SATCM, Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yongjian Liu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM, Level 3 Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism SATCM, Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qiuhua Tan
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM, Level 3 Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism SATCM, Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guidong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University; 15# Lequn Road, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 54101, China
| | - Qishi Che
- Guangzhou Rainhome Pharm & Tech CO., LTD 5F, No.10 Yongsheng Road, Yonghe Econoic region, Science City, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM, Level 3 Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism SATCM, Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhengquan Su
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen HT, Huang HL, Li YQ, Xu HM, Zhou YJ. Therapeutic advances in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A microbiota-centered view. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:1901-1911. [PMID: 32390701 PMCID: PMC7201149 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i16.1901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a highly prevalent metabolic disorder with steadily increasing incidence rates worldwide, especially in the West. There are no drugs available at present to treat NAFLD, and the primary therapeutic options include weight loss and the combination of healthy diet and exercise. Therefore, novel interventions are required that can target the underlying risk factors. Gut microbiota is an "invisible organ" of the human body and vital for normal metabolism and immuno-modulation. The number and diversity of microbes differ across the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus, and is most abundant in the intestine. Since dysregulated gut microbiota is an underlying pathological factor of NAFLD, it is a viable therapeutic target that can be modulated by antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and microbial metabolites. In this review, we summarize the most recent advances in gut microbiota-targeted therapies against NAFLD in clinical and experimental studies, and critically evaluate novel targets and strategies for treating NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ting Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hong-Li Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hao-Ming Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yong-Jian Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fernandez-Travieso JC, Rodriguez-Perez I, Ruenes-Domech C, lIlnait-Ferrer J, Fernandez-Dorta L, Mendoza-Castano S. Benefits of the Therapy With Abexol in Patients With Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Gastroenterology Res 2020; 13:73-80. [PMID: 32362966 PMCID: PMC7188363 DOI: 10.14740/gr1273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a spectrum of diseases ranging from steatosis to steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. Given the increasing incidence of NAFLD and the long-term consequences of this disease, it is important to identify the risk factors and therapeutic measures. Abexol is a mixture of beeswax alcohols with antioxidant, gastro-protective and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim was to conduct a pooled analysis of clinical trials data of the effects of Abexol treatment in patients with NAFLD. Methods The present analysis includes the data of all patients with NAFLD obtained from medium-term randomized, double-blinded, placebo controlled clinical studies with Abexol. One hundred patients with NAFLD received Abexol (100 mg/day) or placebo for 6 months. Significant changes in the ultrasound analysis of the liver were considered a primary efficacy variable. Secondary endpoints were decreased homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index and insulin levels, and improved clinical symptoms. Statistical analysis of all data was according to the intention-to-treat method. Results Both groups were statistically homogeneous at baseline conditions. At 6 months of treatment, the number of Abexol-treated patients exhibiting a normal liver echo pattern on ultrasonography was greater than that of the placebo patients (P < 0.05). Abexol significantly reduced (P < 0.05) insulin levels and HOMA index. The proportion of Abexol patients showing symptom improvement was higher (P < 0.01) than that of the placebo group. Treatments were safe and well tolerated. Conclusions Treatment of Abexol during 6 months significantly ameliorates liver fat accumulation and insulin resistances, meanwhile improving clinical evolution in patients with NAFLD. The treatment was safe and well tolerated in these patients.
Collapse
|
17
|
Park SY, Noureddin M, Boushey C, Wilkens LR, Setiawan VW. Diet Quality Association with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Cirrhosis Status: The Multiethnic Cohort. Curr Dev Nutr 2020; 4:nzaa024. [PMID: 32190810 PMCID: PMC7066377 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological data on the role of overall dietary patterns in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are limited, especially from population-based prospective studies. OBJECTIVES We investigated the associations between dietary patterns assessed by predefined diet quality indexes (DQIs) and NAFLD risk by cirrhosis status in African Americans, Japanese Americans, Latinos, Native Hawaiians, and whites from the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC). METHODS A nested case-control analysis was conducted within the MEC. NAFLD cases were identified by linkage to 1999-2016 Medicare claims. Four DQIs-Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010, alternate Mediterranean diet score, and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score-were calculated from a validated FFQ administered at baseline. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the ORs and 95% CIs with adjustment for multiple covariates. RESULTS Analyses included 2959 NAFLD cases (509 with cirrhosis; 2450 without cirrhosis) and 29,292 matched controls. Higher scores for HEI-2015 (i.e., highest compared with lowest quintile OR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.73, 0.94; P for trend = 0.002) and DASH (OR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.69, 0.89; P for trend < 0.001), reflecting favorable adherence to a healthful diet, were inversely associated with NAFLD risk. Whereas there were no differences by sex or race/ethnicity, the inverse association was stronger for NAFLD with cirrhosis than for NAFLD without cirrhosis (P for heterogeneity = 0.03 for HEI-2015 and 0.05 for DASH). CONCLUSIONS Higher HEI-2015 and DASH scores were inversely associated with NAFLD risk in this ethnically diverse population. The findings suggest that having better diet quality may reduce NAFLD risk with more benefit to NAFLD with cirrhosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song-Yi Park
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Mazen Noureddin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, and Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carol Boushey
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Lynne R Wilkens
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Veronica W Setiawan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang J, Liu H, Xie G, Cai W, Xu J. Identification of hub genes and key pathways of dietary advanced glycation end products‑induced non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease by bioinformatics analysis and animal experiments. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:685-694. [PMID: 31974594 PMCID: PMC6947946 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) negatively affect the liver and accelerate NAFLD progression; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The present study aimed to examine the effect and mechanism of dietary AGEs on the mouse liver using bioinformatics and in vivo experimental approaches. Gene expression datasets associated with NAFLD were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using GEO2R. Functional enrichment analyses were performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery and a protein-protein interaction network for the DEGs was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes database. MCODE, a Cytoscape plugin, was subsequently used to identify the most significant module. The key genes involved were verified in a dietary AGE-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mouse model using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The 462 DEGs associated with NAFLD in the two datasets, of which 34 overlapping genes were found in two microarray datasets. Functional analysis demonstrated that the 34 DEGs were enriched in the ‘PPAR signaling pathway’, ‘central carbon metabolism in cancer’, and ‘cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)’. Moreover, four hub genes (cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector a, cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector c, fatty acid-binding protein 4 and perilipin 4) were identified from a protein-protein interaction network and were verified using RT-qPCR in a mouse model of NASH. The results suggested that AGEs and their receptor axis may be involved in NAFLD onset and/or progression. This integrative analysis identified candidate genes and pathways in NAFLD, as well as DEGs and hub genes related to NAFLD progression in silico and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Honghong Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Guijiao Xie
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Wei Cai
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, Medical College of Nanchang University,
Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jixiong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|