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Tian JS, Tay A. Progress on Electro-Enhancement of Cell Manufacturing. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301281. [PMID: 38059759 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
With the long persistence of complex, chronic diseases in society, there is increasing motivation to develop cells as living medicine to treat diseases ranging from cancer to wounds. While cell therapies can significantly impact healthcare, the shortage of starter cells meant that considerable raw materials must be channeled solely for cell expansion, leading to expensive products with long manufacturing time which can prevent accessibility by patients who either cannot afford the treatment or have highly aggressive diseases and cannot wait that long. Over the last three decades, there has been increasing knowledge on the effects of electrical modulation on proliferation, but to the best of the knowledge, none of these studies went beyond how electro-control of cell proliferation may be extended to enhance industrial scale cell manufacturing. Here, this review is started by discussing the importance of maximizing cell yield during manufacturing before comparing strategies spanning biomolecular/chemical/physical to modulate cell proliferation. Next, the authors describe how factors governing invasive and non-invasive electrical stimulation (ES) including capacitive coupling electric field may be modified to boost cell manufacturing. This review concludes by describing what needs to be urgently performed to bridge the gap between academic investigation of ES to industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Shane Tian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
| | - Andy Tay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- NUS Tissue Engineering Program, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117510, Singapore
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van de Vyver M, Benecke RM, van den Heuvel L, Kruger MJ, Powrie Y, Seedat S, Smith C. Posttraumatic stress disorder is characterized by functional dysregulation of dermal fibroblasts. Biochimie 2024; 225:10-18. [PMID: 38719136 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Incidence of mental health disorders are rising in modernity, with psychological stress linked to a propensity for developing various chronic diseases due to a relative inability of the body to counter the allostatic load on cellular level. Despite these high rates of comorbidities associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), there is still a lack of understanding in terms of the peripheral effects of PTSD on tissue level. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to profile basal dermal fibroblast functional status in PTSD using a wide range of markers involved in the cell-to-cell communication facilitated by fibroblasts. Primary dermal fibroblasts derived from patients diagnosed with PTSD (n = 11) and matched trauma exposed controls (i.e. who did not develop PTSD, n = 10) were cultured using standard techniques. The patients and controls were matched based on age, sex, body-mass index (BMI) and lifestyle. The growth rate, population doubling time, cell surface marker expression (CD31, FNDC5) (flow cytometry), secretome (TIMP-2, MMP-9) (ELISAs), intracellular signalling capacity (Fluo-4 Ca2+ flux) and gene expression (IL-6, IL-10, PTX-3, iNOS, Arg1) were compared between groups. The data illustrated significant PTSD-associated fibroblast conditioning resulting in a blunted signalling capacity. This observation highlights the importance of including tissue-specific investigations in future studies focused on elucidating the association between PTSD and subsequent risk for somatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M van de Vyver
- Experimental Medicine Research Group, Division Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - R M Benecke
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - L van den Heuvel
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg, 7505, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council / Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M J Kruger
- Experimental Medicine Research Group, Division Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - Y Powrie
- Experimental Medicine Research Group, Division Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - S Seedat
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg, 7505, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council / Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - C Smith
- Experimental Medicine Research Group, Division Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
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Rabel K, Blankenburg A, Steinberg T, Kohal RJ, Spies BC, Adolfsson E, Witkowski S, Altmann B. Gingival fibroblast response to (hybrid) ceramic implant reconstruction surfaces is modulated by biomaterial type and surface treatment. Dent Mater 2024; 40:689-699. [PMID: 38395737 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Surface characteristics of implant reconstructions determine the gingival fibroblast (GF) response and thus soft tissue integration (STI). However, for monolithic implant reconstructions it is unknown whether the (hybrid) ceramic biomaterial type and its surface treatment affect GF response. Therefore, this investigation examined the influence of the implant reconstruction biomaterials hybrid ceramic (HC), lithium disilicate ceramic (LS), 4 and 5 mol% yttria partially stabilized zirconiumdioxide ceramics (4/5Y-PSZ) and their surface treatment - machining, polishing or glazing - on surface characteristics and GF response. METHODS After characterization of surface topography and wettability by scanning electron microscopy, interferometry and contact angle measurement, the adhesion, morphology, metabolic activity and proliferation of GFs from six donors was investigated by fluorescent staining and a resazurin-based assay at days 1, 3 and 7. Titanium (Ti) served as control. RESULTS Biomaterial type and surface treatment affected the GF response in a topography-dependent manner. Smooth polished and glazed surfaces demonstrated enhanced GF adhesion and earlier proliferation onset compared to rough machined surfaces. Due to minor differences in surface topography of polished and glazed surfaces, however, the GF response was similar for polished and glazed HC, LS, 4- and 5Y-PSZ as well as Ti. SIGNIFICANCE Within the limits of the present investigation, polishing and glazing of machined HC, LS and 4/5Y-PSZ can be recommended to support STI-relevant cell functions in GF. Since the GF response on polished and glazed HC, LS, 4- and 5Y-PSZ surfaces and the Ti control was comparable, this investigation proofed equal cytocompatibility of these surfaces in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Rabel
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center ‑ University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Andrea Blankenburg
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center ‑ University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Steinberg
- Department of Oral Biotechnology, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ralf J Kohal
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center ‑ University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Benedikt C Spies
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center ‑ University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Erik Adolfsson
- Division Materials and Production, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Argongatan 30, 43153 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Siegbert Witkowski
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center ‑ University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Brigitte Altmann
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center ‑ University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; G.E.R.N Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center ‑ University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Engesserstr. 4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
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Nejaddehbashi F, Rafiee Z, Orazizadeh M, Bayati V, Hemmati A, Hashemitabar M, Makvandi P. Antibacterial and antioxidant double-layered nanofibrous mat promotes wound healing in diabetic rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3166. [PMID: 36823173 PMCID: PMC9950077 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30240-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic wounds are problematic to heal owing to microbial infections as well as decreased proliferation and high concentrations of reactive oxygen species. In this study, a double-layered nanofibrous mat containing grape seed extract (GSE) and silver sulfadiazine (SSD) was fabricated. A synthetic biodegradable polymer, e.g., polycaprolactone (PCL), and a natural material (i.e., collagen) were employed as wound dressing substances. The results showed that GSE possesses antioxidant activity which can be helpful in reducing free radicals. The platform exhibited antibacterial activity against gram-positive and -negative bacteria. The double-layered nanofibrous mat containing GSE and SSD not only was not toxic but also amplified the cell proliferation compared to a pure mat, showing the effect of plant extract. After induction of a round wound, the animals were divided into three groups, namely (1) normal group (receiving + GSE/-GSE nanofiber), (2) diabetic group (receiving + GSE/-GSE nanofiber), and (3) control group (receiving gauze). In vivo evaluation demonstrated no significant differences in the healing process of normal rats. Surprisingly, fully repaired skin was observed on day 14 in the double-layered nanofibrous mat containing GSE in the normal and diabetic groups whereas the wound of diabetic rats treated with pure mat was not completely healed. The macroscopic and microscopic results after 14 days showed the following order in wound repair: Normal/ + GES > Diabetic/ + GSE > Normal/-GES > Diabetic/-GSE > control (with gauze) (p < 0.05). Accordingly, the double-layered nanofibrous mat containing GSE and SSD used in the present study could be considered as a suitable wound dressing in order to shorten healing time and prevent infection during the wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Nejaddehbashi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Zeinab Rafiee
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden ,grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Mahmoud Orazizadeh
- grid.411230.50000 0000 9296 6873Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran ,grid.411230.50000 0000 9296 6873Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Vahid Bayati
- grid.411230.50000 0000 9296 6873Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran ,grid.411230.50000 0000 9296 6873Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Aliasghar Hemmati
- grid.411230.50000 0000 9296 6873Marine Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hashemitabar
- grid.411230.50000 0000 9296 6873Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran ,grid.411230.50000 0000 9296 6873Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Centre for Materials Interfaces, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy. .,Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, Zhejiang, China.
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Li N, Desiderio DM, Zhan X. The use of mass spectrometry in a proteome-centered multiomics study of human pituitary adenomas. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:964-1013. [PMID: 34109661 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A pituitary adenoma (PA) is a common intracranial neoplasm, and is a complex, chronic, and whole-body disease with multicausing factors, multiprocesses, and multiconsequences. It is very difficult to clarify molecular mechanism and treat PAs from the single-factor strategy model. The rapid development of multiomics and systems biology changed the paradigms from a traditional single-factor strategy to a multiparameter systematic strategy for effective management of PAs. A series of molecular alterations at the genome, transcriptome, proteome, peptidome, metabolome, and radiome levels are involved in pituitary tumorigenesis, and mutually associate into a complex molecular network system. Also, the center of multiomics is moving from structural genomics to phenomics, including proteomics and metabolomics in the medical sciences. Mass spectrometry (MS) has been extensively used in phenomics studies of human PAs to clarify molecular mechanisms, and to discover biomarkers and therapeutic targets/drugs. MS-based proteomics and proteoform studies play central roles in the multiomics strategy of PAs. This article reviews the status of multiomics, multiomics-based molecular pathway networks, molecular pathway network-based pattern biomarkers and therapeutic targets/drugs, and future perspectives for personalized, predeictive, and preventive (3P) medicine in PAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dominic M Desiderio
- The Charles B. Stout Neuroscience Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Fitoussi R, Branchet MC, Garnier N, Beauchef G, Nkengne A, Vié K, Boisnic S. A Harungana madagascariensis extract with retinol-like properties - Gene upregulations and protein expressions in human fibroblasts and skin explants. Int J Cosmet Sci 2022; 44:201-215. [PMID: 35238059 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Because they limit, even reverse, age-induced skin alterations, retinoids became a staple in cosmetology. However, their use can result in undesired secondary effects and there is a demand for natural sources of compounds with retinoid like effects. A preliminary screening identified a Harungana madagascariensis plant extract (HME) as possibly inducing genes stimulated by retinol. We analysed its effect on gene and protein expression, comparing it to retinoids. METHODS Gene expression was analysed by real-time qPCR on RNA from isolated fibroblasts subjected to retinol or the plant extract for 6, 48 or 96 hours. Skin markers were quantified in fibroblasts cultured with retinol or extract containing medium, and UV-aged skin explants subjected to topical applications of creams containing retinol, retinaldehyde or HME. RESULTS Real-time qPCR show that the extract induced all RARs and RXRs, even RXRγ that was not induced by retinol. Eighty-eight percent of the 25 early retinoid reaction genes induced by a concentration of retinol are induced by the extract. In fibroblasts, only the extract increased collagen III labelling, while collagen I and fibronectin labelling are increased by retinol and the extract, with higher levels for the extract. When topically applied to UV-aged skin explants, only the cream containing the HME led to increased labelling of CRABP1 in the epidermis. CRABP2 and Ki67 are induced by all three creams and no effect was detected on RXRs. In the dermis the extract containing cream increased CRABP2, total collagen, procollagen I and collagen I while creams with retinol or retinaldehyde only affected some of these proteins. CONCLUSIONS The HME induces an overall retinol-like gene induction profile in isolated fibroblasts and retinoid-like stimulation of protein synthesis in both isolated fibroblasts and photoaged skin explants.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fitoussi
- Laboratoires Clarins, 5 rue Ampère, 95300, Pontoise, France
| | - M-C Branchet
- Laboratoire GREDECO, 45 boulevard Vincent Auriol, 75013, Paris, France
| | - N Garnier
- Laboratoires Clarins, 5 rue Ampère, 95300, Pontoise, France
| | - G Beauchef
- Laboratoires Clarins, 5 rue Ampère, 95300, Pontoise, France
| | - A Nkengne
- Laboratoires Clarins, 5 rue Ampère, 95300, Pontoise, France
| | - K Vié
- Laboratoires Clarins, 5 rue Ampère, 95300, Pontoise, France
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Bagaria J, Bagyinszky E, An SSA. Genetics of Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) and Role of Sacsin in Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:552. [PMID: 35008978 PMCID: PMC8745260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) is an early-onset neurodegenerative disease that was originally discovered in the population from the Charlevoix-Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean (CSLSJ) region in Quebec. Although the disease progression of ARSACS may start in early childhood, cases with later onset have also been observed. Spasticity and ataxia could be common phenotypes, and retinal optic nerve hypermyelination is detected in the majority of patients. Other symptoms, such as pes cavus, ataxia and limb deformities, are also frequently observed in affected individuals. More than 200 mutations have been discovered in the SACS gene around the world. Besides French Canadians, SACS genetics have been extensively studied in Tunisia or Japan. Recently, emerging studies discovered SACS mutations in several other countries. SACS mutations could be associated with pathogenicity either in the homozygous or compound heterozygous stages. Sacsin has been confirmed to be involved in chaperon activities, controlling the microtubule balance or cell migration. Additionally, sacsin may also play a crucial role in regulating the mitochondrial functions. Through these mechanisms, it may share common mechanisms with other neurodegenerative diseases. Further studies are needed to define the exact functions of sacsin. This review introduces the genetic mutations discovered in the SACS gene and discusses its pathomechanisms and its possible involvement in other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Bagaria
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
| | - Eva Bagyinszky
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Environment, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea
| | - Seong Soo A. An
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
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USP15 Enhances the Proliferation, Migration, and Collagen Deposition of Hypertrophic Scar-Derived Fibroblasts by Deubiquitinating TGF-βR1 In Vitro. Plast Reconstr Surg 2021; 148:1040-1051. [PMID: 34546211 PMCID: PMC8542080 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000008488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Hypertrophic scar is a fibroproliferative disorder caused by skin injury. The incidence of hypertrophic scar following trauma or burns is 40 to 70 percent or 70 percent, respectively. It has been shown that transforming growth factor (TGF) β1/Smad signaling plays a crucial role in hypertrophic scar, and that USP15 can regulate the activity of TGFβ1/Smad signaling to affect the progression of the disease. However, the underlying mechanism of USP15 in hypertrophic scar remains unclear. The authors hypothesized that USP15 was up-regulated and enhanced the proliferation, migration, invasion, and collagen deposition of hypertrophic scar–derived fibroblasts by deubiquitinating TGF-β receptor I (TβRI) in vitro. Methods: Fibroblasts were isolated from human hypertrophic scars in vitro. The knockdown and overexpression of USP15 in hypertrophic scar–derived fibroblasts were performed using lentivirus infection. The effect of USP15 on hypertrophic scar–derived fibroblast proliferation, migration, and invasion, and the expression of TβRI, Smad2, Smad3, α-SMA, COL1, and COL3, were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8, scratch, invasion, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot assays. The interaction between USP15 and TβRI was detected by co-immunoprecipitation and ubiquitination assays. Results: The authors demonstrated that USP15 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of hypertrophic scar–derived fibroblasts in vitro and down-regulated the expression of TβRI, Smad2, Smad3, α-SMA, COL1, and COL3; in addition, USP15 overexpression showed the opposite trends (p < 0.05). Co-immunoprecipitation and ubiquitination assays revealed that USP15 interacted with TβRI and deubiquitinated TβRI. Conclusion: USP15 enhances the proliferation, migration, invasion, and collagen deposition of hypertrophic scar–derived fibroblasts by deubiquitinating TβRI in vitro.
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Human osteoblast and fibroblast response to oral implant biomaterials functionalized with non-thermal oxygen plasma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17302. [PMID: 34453071 PMCID: PMC8397744 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96526-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma-treatment of oral implant biomaterials prior to clinical insertion is envisaged as a potential surface modification method for enhanced implant healing. To investigate a putative effect of plasma-functionalized implant biomaterials on oral tissue cells, this investigation examined the response of alveolar bone osteoblasts and gingival fibroblasts to clinically established zirconia- and titanium-based implant surfaces for bone and soft tissue integration. The biomaterials were either functionalized with oxygen-plasma in a plasma-cleaner or left untreated as controls, and were characterized in terms of topography and wettability. For the biological evaluation, the cell adhesion, morphogenesis, metabolic activity and proliferation were examined, since these parameters are closely interconnected during cell-biomaterial interaction. The results revealed that plasma-functionalization increased implant surface wettability. The magnitude of this effect thereby depended on surface topography parameters and initial wettability of the biomaterials. Concerning the cell response, plasma-functionalization of smooth surfaces affected initial fibroblast morphogenesis, whereas osteoblast morphology on rough surfaces was mainly influenced by topography. The plasma- and topography-induced differential cell morphologies were however not strong enough to trigger a change in proliferation behaviour. Hence, the results indicate that oxygen plasma-functionalization represents a possible cytocompatible implant surface modification method which can be applied for tailoring implant surface wettability.
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Eltwisy HO, Abdel-Fattah M, Elsisi AM, Omar MM, Abdelmoteleb AA, El-Mokhtar MA. Pathogenesis of Staphylococcus haemolyticus on primary human skin fibroblast cells. Virulence 2021; 11:1142-1157. [PMID: 32799619 PMCID: PMC7549902 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2020.1809962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
STAPHYLOCOCCUS HAEMOLYTICUS (S. haemolyticus) is one of the Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) that inhabits the skin as a commensal. It is increasingly implicated in opportunistic infections, including diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) infections. In contrast to the abundance of information available for S. aureus and S. epidermidis, little is known about the pathogenicity of S. haemolyticus, despite the increased prevalence of this pathogen in hospitalized patients. We described, for the first time, the pathogenesis of different clinical isolates of S. haemolyticus isolated from DFU on primary human skin fibroblast (PHSF) cells. Virulence-related genes were investigated, adhesion and invasion assays were carried out using Giemsa stain, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), MTT and flowcytometry assays. Our results showed that most S. haemolyticus carried different sets of virulence-related genes. S. haemolyticus adhered to the PHSF cells to variable degrees. TEM showed that the bacteria were engulfed in a zipper-like mechanism into a vacuole inside the cell. Bacterial internalization was confirmed using flowcytometry and achieved high intracellular levels. PHSF cells infected with S.haemolyticus suffered from amarked decrease in viability and increased apoptosis when treated with whole bacterial suspensions or cell-free supernatants but not with heat-treated cells. After co-culture with PBMCs, S. haemolyticus induced high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This study highlights the significant development of S. haemolyticus, which was previously considered a contaminant when detected in cultures of clinical samples. Their high ability to adhere, invade and kill the PHSF cells illustrate the severe damage associated with DFU infections. ABBREVIATIONS CoNS, coagulase-negative staphylococci; DFU, diabetic foot ulcer; DM, diabetes mellitus; DMEM, Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium; MTT, 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; PBMCs,peripheral blood mononuclear cells; PHSF, primary human skin fibroblast; CFU, colony-forming unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala O Eltwisy
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University , Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Medhat Abdel-Fattah
- Department of Microbiology and Botany, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University , Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Amani M Elsisi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University , Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Omar
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Deraya University , El-Minia, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed A El-Mokhtar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University , Assiut, Egypt
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