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A cross-sectional survey examining cardiopulmonary resuscitation training in households with heart disease. Collegian 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colegn.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Cartledge S, Feldman S, Bray JE, Stub D, Finn J. Understanding patients and spouses experiences of patient education following a cardiac event and eliciting attitudes and preferences towards incorporating cardiopulmonary resuscitation training: A qualitative study. J Adv Nurs 2018; 74:1157-1169. [PMID: 29315731 DOI: 10.1111/jan.13522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to gain a comprehensive perspective about the experience of patient and spousal education following an acute cardiac event. The second objective was to elicit an understanding of patient and spousal attitudes, preferences and intentions towards future cardiopulmonary resuscitation training. BACKGROUND Patients with cardiovascular disease require comprehensive patient and family education to ensure adequate long-term disease management. As cardiac patients are at risk of future cardiac events, including out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, providing cardiopulmonary resuscitation training to patients and family members has long been advocated. DESIGN We conducted a qualitative study underpinned by phenomenology and the Theory of Planned Behaviour. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with cardiac patients and their spouses (N = 12 patient-spouse pairs) between March 2015-April 2016 purposively sampled from a cardiology ward. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematic analysis undertaken. FINDINGS Nine male and three female patients and their spouses were recruited. Ages ranged from 47-75 years. Four strongly interrelated themes emerged: the emotional response to the event, information, control and responsibility. There was evidence of positive attitudes and intentions from the TPB towards undertaking cardiopulmonary resuscitation training in the future. Only the eldest patient spouse pair were not interested in undertaking training. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest cardiac patients and spouses have unmet education needs following an acute cardiac event. Information increased control and decreased negative emotions associated with diagnosis. Participants' preferences were for inclusion of cardiopulmonary resuscitation training in cardiac rehabilitation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susie Cartledge
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Susan Feldman
- School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Janet E Bray
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Dion Stub
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Cabrini Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Judith Finn
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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A systematic review of basic life support training targeted to family members of high-risk cardiac patients. Resuscitation 2016; 105:70-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Swor R, Compton S, Farr L, Kokko S, Vining F, Pascual R, Jackson RE. Perceived Self-Efficacy in Performing and Willingness to Learn Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in an Elderly Population in a Suburban Community. Am J Crit Care 2003. [DOI: 10.4037/ajcc2003.12.1.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
• Background Older persons are the group most likely to respond to cardiac arrests in private residences.
• Objective To characterize the knowledge about, attitudes toward, and perceived self-efficacy of older persons in learning and providing cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
• Methods A total of 2743 surveys were mailed to adults 55 years and older who resided in a single Michigan suburb. Data were collected on demographics, medical history, training in and willingness to provide cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and concerns about providing this intervention.
• Results The 631 persons (24.6%) who responded were elderly (mean age, 73.5 years) and had a mean of 1.7 occupants per household. More than one third lived alone. Of all respondents, 275 (43.6%) had received training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, 370 (58.6%) indicated a willingness to learn cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and 412 (65.3%) thought that they had the ability to perform this intervention. Respondents 80 years or younger were significantly more likely than respondents more than 80 years old to be willing to learn cardiopulmonary resuscitation (65.7% vs 19.0%, P < .001) and perceived themselves as able to perform it (73.0% vs 34.0%, P < .001). The absence of mouth-to-mouth ventilation as part of training had minimal impact on the willingness of either age group to receive training (61.2% vs 58.6%, P = .19). Perceived ability to learn and perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation did not vary with the medical history of the respondent or the respondent’s spouse.
• Conclusion Adults 56 to 80 years old perceive themselves as able to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation and are interested in receiving training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Swor
- The Department of Emergency Medicine (RS, SC, RP, REJ) and the Department of Nursing Development and Educational Resources (LF, SK, FV), William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Mich
| | - Scott Compton
- The Department of Emergency Medicine (RS, SC, RP, REJ) and the Department of Nursing Development and Educational Resources (LF, SK, FV), William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Mich
| | - Lynn Farr
- The Department of Emergency Medicine (RS, SC, RP, REJ) and the Department of Nursing Development and Educational Resources (LF, SK, FV), William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Mich
| | - Sue Kokko
- The Department of Emergency Medicine (RS, SC, RP, REJ) and the Department of Nursing Development and Educational Resources (LF, SK, FV), William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Mich
| | - Fern Vining
- The Department of Emergency Medicine (RS, SC, RP, REJ) and the Department of Nursing Development and Educational Resources (LF, SK, FV), William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Mich
| | - Rebecca Pascual
- The Department of Emergency Medicine (RS, SC, RP, REJ) and the Department of Nursing Development and Educational Resources (LF, SK, FV), William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Mich
| | - Raymond E. Jackson
- The Department of Emergency Medicine (RS, SC, RP, REJ) and the Department of Nursing Development and Educational Resources (LF, SK, FV), William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Mich
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Platz E, Scheatzle MD, Pepe PE, Dearwater SR. Attitudes towards CPR training and performance in family members of patients with heart disease. Resuscitation 2000; 47:273-80. [PMID: 11114457 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9572(00)00245-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Considering that heart patients may be at higher risk for cardiac arrest, this study was conducted to evaluate the preparedness and willingness of cardiac patient family members to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). A cross-sectional survey of 100 family members of cardiac patients was conducted at a tertiary care emergency department over a 1.5-month period. Response rate was 95%. While 49% reported prior CPR training, only 7% trained within the past year. The majority received training (59%) because of a school or job requirement with only 8% trained because of 'concern for a family member.' The most frequent reasons for not being trained were 'never thought about it' or 'not interested' (57%). However, 49% of the untrained group did report an interest in future training. While 2% of respondents recalled a healthcare professional suggesting such training, 58% stated they would be influenced positively by such a recommendation. The most frequently reported barriers to performing CPR included fear of harming the patient or a lack of knowledge and skill to help. Despite a presumed higher risk for sudden cardiac death, most family members of cardiac patients do not maintain skills in basic CPR. Healthcare professionals may have the ability to significantly alter this concerning statistic through education and routine recommendations to patients' families.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Platz
- Philipps-Universität Marburg, Fachbereich Humanmedizin, Baldingerstrasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany
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Abstract
Since the introduction around 1960 of external cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) basic life support (BLS) without equipment, i.e. steps A (airway control)-B (mouth-to-mouth breathing)-C (chest (cardiac) compressions), training courses by instructors have been provided, first to medical personnel and later to some but not all lay persons. At present, fewer than 30% of out-of-hospital resuscitation attempts are initiated by lay bystanders. The numbers of lives saved have remained suboptimal, in part because of a weak or absent first link in the life support chain. This review concerns education research aimed at helping more lay persons to acquire high life supporting first aid (LSFA) skill levels and to use these skills. In the 1960s, Safar and Laerdal studied and promoted self-training in LSFA, which includes: call for the ambulance (without abandoning the patient) (now also call for an automatic external defibrillator); CPR-BLS steps A-B-C; external hemorrhage control; and positioning for shock and unconsciousness (coma). LSFA steps are psychomotor skills. Organizations like the American Red Cross and the American Heart Association have produced instructor-courses of many more first aid skills, or for cardiac arrest only-not of LSFA skills needed by all suddenly comatose victims. Self-training methods might help all people acquire LSFA skills. Implementation is still lacking. Variable proportions of lay trainees evaluated, ranging from school children to elderly persons, were found capable of performing LSFA skills on manikins. Audio-tape or video-tape coached self-practice on manikins was more effective than instructor-courses. Mere viewing of demonstrations (e.g. televised films) without practice has enabled more persons to perform some skills effectively compared to untrained control groups. The quality of LSFA performance in the field and its impact on outcome of patients remain to be evaluated. Psychological factors have been associated with skill acquisition and retention, and motivational factors with application. Manikin practice proved necessary for best skill acquisition of steps B and C. Simplicity and repetition proved important. Repetitive television spots and brief internet movies for motivating and demonstrating would reach all people. LSFA should be part of basic health education. LSFA self-learning laboratories should be set up and maintained in schools and drivers' license stations. The trauma-focused steps of LSFA are important for 'buddy help' in military combat casualty care, and natural mass disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Eisenburger
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Allgemeines Krankenhaus, Vienna, Austria
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Lie K, Richardson M. Attitudes of health professionals towards cardiopulmonary resuscitation training for family members of cardiac patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1362-3265(99)80021-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Richardson ME, Lie KG. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation training for family members of patients on cardiac rehabilitation programmes in Scotland. Resuscitation 1999; 40:11-9. [PMID: 10321843 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9572(98)00147-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Existing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training programmes have failed to reach those most likely to witness a cardiac arrest, such as families of cardiac patients. In 1993, the Scottish Health Service Advisory Committee suggested that CPR training could be offered as part of cardiac rehabilitation programmes. A survey was carried out to identify the current extent and nature of such training and factors influencing its provision. Questionnaires were mailed to all the 45 Scottish cardiac rehabilitation programmes on the British Heart Foundation's register. A 93% response rate was achieved. Only 37% of programmes provided information to families about attending a CPR course and 37% actually provided CPR training The numbers trained by these programmes were very small. Hospital programmes were significantly more likely than community programmes to provide CPR training (chi2 = 6.65, P < 0.01) as were those which included an exercise component (chi2 = 7.63, P < 0.01). Reasons for not providing training ranged from lack of resources and lack of staff training, to not having considered it. CPR training is provided as part of cardiac rehabilitation programmes to a limited extent. Ways of recruiting and increasing the number of family members of cardiac patients who are trained in CPR need to be found.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify characteristics associated with provision of bystander CPR in witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases. METHODS An observational, prospective, cohort study was performed using cardiac arrest cases as identified by emergency medical services (EMS) agencies in Oakland County. MI, from July 1, 1989, to December 31, 1993. All patients who sustained a witnessed arrest prior to arrival of EMS personnel were reviewed. RESULTS Of the 927 patients meeting entry criteria, the 229 patients receiving bystander CPR were younger: 60.9 +/- 14.7 vs 67.9 +/- 14.7 years (p < 0.01). Most (76.6%) cardiac arrests occurred in the home. In a multivariate logistic model, only the location of arrest outside the home was a significant predictor of receiving bystander CPR [odds ratio (OR) 3.8; 99% CI 2.5, 5.9]. Arrests outside the home were associated with significantly improved outcome, with 18.2% of out-of-home and 8.2% of in-home victims discharged from the hospital alive (OR 2.5; 99% CI 1.4, 4.4). CONCLUSION Patients who have had witnessed cardiac arrests outside the home are nearly 4 times more likely to receive bystander CPR, and are twice as likely to survive. This observation emphasizes the need for CPR training of family members in the authors' locale. This phenomenon may also represent a significant confounder in studies of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and resuscitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Jackson
- William Beaumont Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Royal Oak 48073, USA.
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Dracup K, Moser DK, Guzy PM, Taylor SE, Marsden C. Is cardiopulmonary resuscitation training deleterious for family members of cardiac patients? Am J Public Health 1994; 84:116-8. [PMID: 8279597 PMCID: PMC1614924 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.84.1.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to determine the attitudes toward cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training and subsequent CPR use of 172 CPR-trained family members of cardiac patients. The majority (88.9%) reported positive attitudes. Only 14 (8.1%) reported feeling too responsible for their family member. One hundred and forty-one (81.9%) said that they would perform CPR if required to do so. Family members do not feel unduly burdened by learning CPR, and CPR training should be recommended to families of patients at risk for sudden cardiac death.
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Cummins RO, Ornato JP, Thies WH, Pepe PE. Improving survival from sudden cardiac arrest: the "chain of survival" concept. A statement for health professionals from the Advanced Cardiac Life Support Subcommittee and the Emergency Cardiac Care Committee, American Heart Association. Circulation 1991; 83:1832-47. [PMID: 2022039 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.83.5.1832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 890] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R O Cummins
- Office of Scientific Affairs, American Heart Association, Dallas, TX 75231
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Moser DK, Dracup K, Guzy PM, Taylor SE, Breu C. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills retention in family members of cardiac patients. Am J Emerg Med 1990; 8:498-503. [PMID: 2222592 DOI: 10.1016/0735-6757(90)90150-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine if the use of a retention strategy would maintain cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) skills in family members of cardiac patients. Thirty-one subjects trained in CPR received retention packets 3 and 6 months after CPR training. Sixteen subjects were tested for CPR retention at 7 months after initial training, and 15 at 12 months. Likelihood chi 2 was used to compare the 7- and 12-month groups. There were no differences between the 7- and 12-month groups, because CPR retention overall was poor. Only 19.4% of subjects reported using the retention packet; therefore, subjects were regrouped into practice and no practice groups for purposes of further statistical analysis. There were significant differences in retention in subjects who practiced compared with subjects who did not. These findings underscore the importance of promoting practice/review after initial CPR training for family members of cardiac patients.
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Abstract
Dispatcher-delivered telephone instruction in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has been proposed to increase rates of bystander CPR in cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. We tested the efficacy of a previously developed CPR message using a recording mannikin in a high stress, simulated cardiac arrest scenario. Community volunteers were unaware they would perform CPR until immediately before each trial. Performance of volunteers without prior CPR training (group A, n = 65) who received telephone instruction was compared with that of previously trained volunteers (group B, n = 43) who received the same message. Performances of both groups were also compared with a third group (group C, n = 43) composed of previously trained volunteers who did not receive the message. Quality of CPR was graded by three CPR instructors using explicit criteria. Printout strips from the recording mannikins were also analyzed. Evaluators were unaware of the training status of volunteers. The three groups were of comparable sex, race, and educational level, but group C was significantly younger than groups A and B (31.7 vs. 37.7 years, p less than 0.001). Because of the time required for telephone instruction, groups A and B started chest compressions a mean of 4.0 minutes after collapse compared with 1.2 minutes for group C (p less than 0.0001). We found that the previously untrained volunteers of group A performed CPR of an overall quality comparable to that performed by previously trained members of group C. Group A performed chest compressions significantly better than group C (p less than 0.02) but had greater problems performing effective ventilations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Kellermann
- Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis
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