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Akram A, Rais M, Lopez‐Hervas K, Tarvin RD, Saeed M, Bolnick DI, Cannatella DC. An insight into molecular taxonomy of bufonids, microhylids, and dicroglossid frogs: First genetic records from Pakistan. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:14175-14216. [PMID: 34707849 PMCID: PMC8525160 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study was focused on documentation of amphibian assemblage in North Punjab and Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan, by using mitochondrial gene sequences of 16S rRNA. Our study entailed 37% of the known amphibian species of the country. We provided a phylogenetic analysis based on 74 newly generated mitochondrial 16S rRNAs from nine species of genus Microlyla, Duttaphrynus, Allopaa, Nanorana, Sphaerotheca, Minervarya, Hoplobatrachus, and Euphlyctis. We employed the maximum-likelihood inference and Bayesian analysis to assess the taxonomic status of the samples obtained from Pakistan, with respect to other congeneric species from surrounding regions. Our findings confirmed the taxonomic status of South Asian anuran species Duttaphrynus stomaticus, Duttaphrynus melanostictus, Microhyla nilphamariensis, Allopaa hazarensis, Nanorana vicina, Sphaerotheca maskeyi (synonym: S. pashchima), Minervarya pierrei, Hoplobatrachus tigerinus, and Euphlyctis kalasgramensis in Pakistan. We have reported new country records of genus Minervarya ( M. pierrei). Minervarya pierrei was previously misidentified as Fejervarya limnocharis, due to dearth of genetic information. We provided the first genetic records of our endemic species N. vicina. The results revealed the taxonomic placement of N. vicina with respect to its congeners and validated the taxonomic status of N. vicina from its type locality (Murree) for the first time. The findings of the present study also indicated the paraphyletic relationship of A.- hazarensis with Nanorana species. So, based on our phylogenetic inferences, morphological characters, and habitat preferences, validity of generic status of A. hazarensis is undecided. As our data were not enough to resolve this issue, we suggest sequencing of additional mitochondrial and nuclear genes in the future studies to get a better resolution. We recommend carrying out extensive surveys throughout the country for proper scientific documentation of amphibians of Pakistan. Many new species, some of them might be endemic to Pakistan, are expected to be discovered, and taxonomic status of other species would be resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Akram
- Herpetology LabDepartment of Wildlife ManagementPir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University RawalpindiRawalpindiPakistan
| | - Muhammad Rais
- Herpetology LabDepartment of Wildlife ManagementPir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University RawalpindiRawalpindiPakistan
| | - Karem Lopez‐Hervas
- Department of Wetland EcologyDoñana Biological StationConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasSevilleSpain
| | - Rebecca D. Tarvin
- Department of Integrative BiologyUniversity of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of Integrative BiologyUniversity of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Muhammad Saeed
- Herpetology LabDepartment of Wildlife ManagementPir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University RawalpindiRawalpindiPakistan
| | - Daniel I. Bolnick
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticutUSA
| | - David C. Cannatella
- Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity CenterUniversity of TexasAustinTexasUSA
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Flury JM, Haas A, Brown RM, Das I, Pui YM, Boon-Hee K, Scheidt U, Iskandar DT, Jankowski A, Hertwig ST. Unexpectedly high levels of lineage diversity in Sundaland puddle frogs (Dicroglossidae: Occidozyga Kuhl and van Hasselt, 1822). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2021; 163:107210. [PMID: 34029720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
One of the most urgent contemporary tasks for taxonomists and evolutionary biologists is to estimate the number of species on earth. Recording alpha diversity is crucial for protecting biodiversity, especially in areas of elevated species richness, which coincide geographically with increased anthropogenic environmental pressures - the world's so-called biodiversity hotspots. Although the distribution of Puddle frogs of the genus Occidozyga in South and Southeast Asia includes five biodiversity hotspots, the available data on phylogeny, species diversity, and biogeography are surprisingly patchy. Samples analyzed in this study were collected throughout Southeast Asia, with a primary focus on Sundaland and the Philippines. A mitochondrial gene region comprising ~ 2000 bp of 12S and 16S rRNA with intervening tRNA Valine and three nuclear loci (BDNF, NTF3, POMC) were analyzed to obtain a robust, time-calibrated phylogenetic hypothesis. We found a surprisingly high level of genetic diversity within Occidozyga, based on uncorrected p-distance values corroborated by species delimitation analyses. This extensive genetic diversity revealed 29 evolutionary lineages, defined by the > 5% uncorrected p-distance criterion for the 16S rRNA gene, suggesting that species diversity in this clade of phenotypically homogeneous forms probably has been underestimated. The comparison with results of other anuran groups leads to the assumption that anuran species diversity could still be substantially underestimated in Southeast Asia in general. Many genetically divergent lineages of frogs are phenotypically similar, indicating a tendency towards extensive morphological conservatism. We present a biogeographic reconstruction of the colonization of Sundaland and nearby islands which, together with our temporal framework, suggests that lineage diversification centered on the landmasses of the northern Sunda Shelf. This remarkably genetically structured group of amphibians could represent an exceptional case for future studies of geographical structure and diversification in a widespread anuran clade spanning some of the most pronounced geographical barriers on the planet (e.g., Wallace's Line). Studies considering gene flow, morphology, ecological and bioacoustic data are needed to answer these questions and to test whether observed diversity of Puddle frog lineages warrants taxonomic recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana M Flury
- Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany; Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern, Bernastrasse 15, 3005 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Haas
- Centrum für Naturkunde, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rafe M Brown
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, 1345 Jayhawk Blvd, Dyche Hall, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Indraneil Das
- Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Yong Min Pui
- Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Kueh Boon-Hee
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Ulrich Scheidt
- Naturkundemuseum Erfurt, Große Arche 14, 99084 Erfurt, Germany
| | - Djoko T Iskandar
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - André Jankowski
- Centrum für Naturkunde, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan T Hertwig
- Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern, Bernastrasse 15, 3005 Bern, Switzerland; University of Bern, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Baltzerstrasse 6, 3006 Bern, Switzerland.
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3
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Jiang LC, Lv GH, Jia XD, Ruan QP, Chen W. Mitogenome, Gene Rearrangement and Phylogeny of Dicroglossidae Revisited. ANN ZOOL FENN 2020. [DOI: 10.5735/086.057.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chun Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Biopharmaceutics, School of Life Science and Technology, Mianyang Normal University, CN-621000 Mianyang, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Gui-Hua Lv
- Dongyang Institute of Maize Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, CN-322100 Dongyang, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Dong Jia
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Biopharmaceutics, School of Life Science and Technology, Mianyang Normal University, CN-621000 Mianyang, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Ping Ruan
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Biopharmaceutics, School of Life Science and Technology, Mianyang Normal University, CN-621000 Mianyang, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, CN-621000 Mianyang, Sichuan, P.R. China
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Yodthong S, Stuart BL, Aowphol A. Species delimitation of crab-eating frogs ( Fejervarya cancrivora complex) clarifies taxonomy and geographic distributions in mainland Southeast Asia. Zookeys 2019; 883:119-153. [PMID: 31719776 PMCID: PMC6828825 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.883.37544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The taxonomy and geographic distributions of species of crab-eating frogs (Fejervaryacancrivora complex) in mainland Southeast Asia have been highly uncertain. Three taxonomic names are used in recent literature (F.cancrivora, F.raja, and F.moodiei) but the applications of these names to localities has been inconsistent, especially owing to the lack of available molecular data for F.raja. Morphometric and mitochondrial DNA variation was examined in these frogs, including name-bearing types and topotypes of all three species. Findings corroborate evidence for the existence of two species in coastal mainland Southeast Asia, with F.moodiei having a wide geographic distribution and F.cancrivora sensu stricto occurring only in extreme southern Thailand and peninsular Malaysia. Fejervaryaraja is shown to be only a large-bodied population of F.cancrivora sensu stricto and is synonymized with that species. Revised descriptions of F.moodiei and F.cancrivora sensu stricto are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriporn Yodthong
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Bryan L Stuart
- Section of Research & Collections, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences Raleigh United States of America
| | - Anchalee Aowphol
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand
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Suwannapoom C, Yuan ZY, A Poyarkov N, Yan F, Kamtaeja S, W Murphy R, Che J. A new species of genus Fejervarya (Anura: Dicroglossidae) from northern Thailand. Zool Res 2018; 37:327-337. [PMID: 28105797 PMCID: PMC5359320 DOI: 10.13918/j.issn.2095-8137.2016.6.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a new species of frog in the dicroglossid genus Fejervarya from Ban Monjong, Omkoi District, Chiang Mai Province, northern Thailand. Analysis of DNA sequence data from the mitochondrial gene 16S, advertisement calls, and morphological distinctiveness support recognition of the new species. Matrilineal genealogy suggests that the new population from Chiang Mai is a sister taxon to the South Asian clade that includes F. syhadrensis, F. granosa, and F. pierrei. The new species, Fejervarya chiangmaiensissp. nov., differs morphologically from its congeners by its relatively small body size and proportions and the presence of dorsal warts and dermal ridges. Discovery of this new species indicates that the biodiversity of amphibians in this region remains underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chatmongkon Suwannapoom
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Yunnan 650223, China; Division of Fishery, School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla Yunnan 666303, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Yuan
- College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming Yunnan 650224, China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla Yunnan 666303, China
| | - Nikolay A Poyarkov
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory Moscow 119991, Russia; Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center Under the A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS, South Branch, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Fang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Yunnan 650223, China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla Yunnan 666303, China
| | - Somboon Kamtaeja
- Faculty of Education, Chiang Rai Rajabhat University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Robert W Murphy
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Yunnan 650223, China; Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto M5S 2C6, Canada
| | - Jing Che
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Yunnan 650223, China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla Yunnan 666303, China.
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6
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Howlader MSA, Nair A, Merilä J. A New Species of Frog (Anura: Dicroglossidae) Discovered from the Mega City of Dhaka. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149597. [PMID: 26934699 PMCID: PMC4801011 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a new species of frog of the genus Zakerana discovered from the urban core of Dhaka, Bangladesh, one of the most densely populated cities in the world. Although the new species is morphologically similar to the geographically proximate congeners in the Bangladeshi cricket frog group, we show that it can be distinguished from all congeners on the basis of morphological characters, advertisement calls and variation in two mitochondrial DNA genes (12S rRNA and 16S rRNA). Apart from several diagnostic differences in body proportions, the new species differs from other Zakerana species in having a flattened snout (from ventral view) projecting over the lower jaw, and diagnostic trapezoid-shaped red markings on the vocal sac in males. Molecular genetic analyses show that the new species is highly divergent (3.1–20.1% sequence divergence) from all congeneric species, and forms a well-supported clade with its sister species, Zakerana asmati. The discovery of a new amphibian species from the urban core of Dhaka together with several recent descriptions of new amphibian species from Bangladesh may indicate that more amphibian species remain to be discovered from this country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sajid Ali Howlader
- Ecological Genetics Research Unit, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- * E-mail:
| | - Abhilash Nair
- Ecological Genetics Research Unit, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Merilä
- Ecological Genetics Research Unit, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Patawang I, Tanomtong A, Phimphan S, Chuaynkern Y, Chuaynkern C, Phaengphairee P, Khrueanet W, Nithikulworawong N. The Identification of Sex-Chromosomes and Karyological Analysis of Rice Frog, Fejervarya limnocharis(Anura, Ranidae) from Northeast Thailand. CYTOLOGIA 2014. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.79.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isara Patawang
- Genetics and Environmental Toxicology Research Group, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University
| | - Alongklod Tanomtong
- Genetics and Environmental Toxicology Research Group, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University
| | - Sumalee Phimphan
- Genetics and Environmental Toxicology Research Group, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University
| | - Yodchaiy Chuaynkern
- Genetics and Environmental Toxicology Research Group, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University
| | - Chantip Chuaynkern
- Genetics and Environmental Toxicology Research Group, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University
| | | | - Wilailuk Khrueanet
- Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, Nong Kai Campus, Khon Kaen University
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Hasan M, Islam MM, Khan MR, Alam MS, Kurabayashi A, Igawa T, Kuramoto M, Sumida M. Cryptic anuran biodiversity in Bangladesh revealed by mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences. Zoolog Sci 2012; 29:162-72. [PMID: 22379983 DOI: 10.2108/zsj.29.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To survey the diversity of anuran species in Bangladesh, we compared mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences (approximately 1.4 kbp) from 107 Bangladesh frog specimens. The results of genetic divergence and phylogenetic analyses incorporating data from related species revealed the occurrence of at least eight cryptic species. Hoplobatrachus tigerinus from two districts diverged considerably, indicating the involvement of a cryptic species. Two Fejervarya sp. (large and medium types) and Hylarana cf. taipehensis formed lineages distinct from related species and are probably new species. Microhyla cf. ornata differed from M. ornata with respect to type locality area and involved two distinct species. In addition, we found that Hylarana sp. and Microhyla sp. did not match congeners examined to date in either morphology or 16S rRNA sequence. The occurrence of M. fissipes was tentatively suggested. Consequently, at least, 19 species were found from Bangladesh in this study. These findings revealed a rich anuran biodiversity in Bangladesh, which is unexpected considering the rather simple topographic features of the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmudul Hasan
- Institute for Amphibian Biology, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
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Alam MS, Kurabayashi A, Hayashi Y, Sano N, Khan MR, Fujii T, Sumida M. Complete mitochondrial genomes and novel gene rearrangements in two dicroglossid frogs, Hoplobatrachus tigerinus and Euphlyctis hexadactylus, from Bangladesh. Genes Genet Syst 2011; 85:219-32. [PMID: 21041980 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.85.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We determined the complete nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial (mt) genomes from two dicroglossid frogs, Hoplobatrachus tigerinus (Indian Bullfrog) and Euphlyctis hexadactylus (Indian Green frog). The genome sizes are 20462 bp in H. tigerinus and 20280 bp in E. hexadactylus. Although both genomes encode the typical 37 mt genes, the following unique features are observed: 1) the ND5 genes are duplicated in H. tigerinus that have completely identical sequences, whereas duplicated ND5 genes in E. hexadactylus possessed dissimilar substitutions; 2) duplicated control region (CR) in H. tigerinus has almost identical sequences whereas single control region (CR) was found in E. hexadactylus; 3) the tRNA-Leu (CUN) gene is translocated from the LTPF tRNA cluster to downstream of ND5-1 in H. tigerinus, and the tRNA-Pro gene is translocated from the LTPF tRNA cluster to downstream of CR in E. hexadactylus; 4) pseudo tRNA-Leu (CUN) and tRNA-Pro genes are observed in E. hexadactylus; and 5) two tRNA-Met genes are encoded in both species, as observed in the previously reported dicroglossid mt genomes. Almost all observed gene rearrangements in H. tigerinus and E. hexadactylus can be explained by the tandem duplication and random loss model, except translocation of tRNA-Pro in E. hexadactylus. The novel mt genomic features found in this study may be useful for future phylogenetic studies in the dicroglossid taxa. However, the mt genome with interesting features found in the present study reveal a high level of variation of gene order and gene content, inspiring more research to understand the mechanisms behind gene and genome evolution in the dicroglossid and as well as in the amphibian taxa in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shafiqul Alam
- Institute for Amphibian Biology, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Japan
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Brunes TO, Sequeira F, Haddad CF, Alexandrino J. Gene and species trees of a Neotropical group of treefrogs: Genetic diversification in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and the origin of a polyploid species. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2010; 57:1120-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2010.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2010] [Revised: 08/08/2010] [Accepted: 08/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Kotaki M, Kurabayashi A, Matsui M, Kuramoto M, Djong TH, Sumida M. Molecular Phylogeny of the Diversified Frogs of Genus Fejervarya (Anura: Dicroglossidae). Zoolog Sci 2010; 27:386-95. [DOI: 10.2108/zsj.27.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Kotaki
- Institute for Amphibian Biology, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kurabayashi
- Institute for Amphibian Biology, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Masafumi Matsui
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | | | - Tjong Hon Djong
- Institute for Amphibian Biology, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sumida
- Institute for Amphibian Biology, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima 739-8526, Japan
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Wu Y, Wang Y, Jiang K, Chen X, Hanken J. Homoplastic evolution of external colouration in Asian stout newts (Pachytriton) inferred from molecular phylogeny. ZOOL SCR 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-6409.2009.00400.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Ren Z, Zhu B, Ma E, Wen J, Tu T, Cao Y, Hasegawa M, Zhong Y. Complete nucleotide sequence and gene arrangement of the mitochondrial genome of the crab-eating frog Fejervarya cancrivora and evolutionary implications. Gene 2009; 441:148-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2008.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2008] [Revised: 09/08/2008] [Accepted: 09/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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