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Martín-Yerga D, Pérez-Junquera A, Hernández-Santos D, Fanjul-Bolado P. Time-Resolved Luminescence Spectroelectrochemistry at Screen-Printed Electrodes: Following the Redox-Dependent Fluorescence of [Ru(bpy) 3] 2. Anal Chem 2017; 89:10649-10654. [PMID: 28892373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a compact instrument for time-resolved luminescence spectroelectrochemistry using low-cost disposable electrodes is reported. This instrument can be coupled with screen-printed electrodes via a specific cell and a reflection probe, which allows one to observe changes occurring at the electrode/solution interface. This approach allowed one to follow the fluorescence variation of electrofluorochromic species such as [Ru(bpy)3]2+ at screen-printed carbon electrodes. A strong correlation between the electrochemical processes and the fluorescence was found during potentiostatic or multipulsed amperometric measurements. A decrease of the fluorescence was observed when the [Ru(bpy)3]2+ was oxidized to [Ru(bpy)3]3+ and part of this fluorescence is recovered when [Ru(bpy)3]3+ was reduced to the initial species. Moreover, a significant increment of the fluorescence was found when the oxygen reduction reaction takes place, which also confirms its quenching effect. Finally, multipulsed amperometric detection was employed in order to obtain more information about the redox-dependent luminescence of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ finding a continuous quenching over time attributed to bleaching chlorine-based species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Martín-Yerga
- DropSens, S.L. , Edificio CEEI, Parque Tecnológico de Asturias, 33428 Llanera, Asturias, Spain
| | | | - David Hernández-Santos
- DropSens, S.L. , Edificio CEEI, Parque Tecnológico de Asturias, 33428 Llanera, Asturias, Spain
| | - Pablo Fanjul-Bolado
- DropSens, S.L. , Edificio CEEI, Parque Tecnológico de Asturias, 33428 Llanera, Asturias, Spain
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Detection of a specific biomarker for Epstein-Barr virus using a polymer-based genosensor. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:9051-66. [PMID: 24853286 PMCID: PMC4057774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15059051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes methodology for direct and indirect detections of a specific oligonucleotide for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) using electrochemical techniques. The sequence of oligonucleotide probe (EBV1) revealed a high sequence identity (100%) with the EBV genome. For the development of the genosensor, EBV1 was grafted to the platform sensitized with poly(4-aminothiophenol). After that, the hybridization reaction was carried out with the complementary target (EBV2) on the modified electrode surface using ethidium bromide as DNA intercalator. The oxidation peak currents of ethidium bromide increased linearly with the values of the concentration of the complementary sequences in the range from 3.78 to 756 μmol·L−1. In nonstringent experimental conditions, this genosensor can detect 17.32 nmol·L−1 (three independent experiments) of oligonucleotide target, discriminating between complementary and non-complementary oligonucleotides, as well as differentiating one-base mismatch, as required for detection of genetic diseases caused by point mutations. The biosensor also displayed high specificity to the EBV target with elimination of interference from mix (alanine, glucose, uric acid, ascorbic acid, bovine serum albumin (BSA), glutamate and glycine) and good stability (120 days). In addition, it was possible to observe differences between hybridized and non-hybridized surfaces through atomic force microscopy.
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Oliveira SCB, Nascimento VB. Electrochemical Oxidation Mechanism of Ethidium Bromide at a Glassy Carbon Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201300222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Sakellariou GK, Vasilaki A, Palomero J, Kayani A, Zibrik L, McArdle A, Jackson MJ. Studies of mitochondrial and nonmitochondrial sources implicate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase(s) in the increased skeletal muscle superoxide generation that occurs during contractile activity. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 18:603-21. [PMID: 23050834 PMCID: PMC3549212 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.4623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The sources of cytosolic superoxide in skeletal muscle have not been defined. This study examined the subcellular sites that contribute to cytosolic superoxide in mature single muscle fibers at rest and during contractile activity. RESULTS Isolated fibers from mouse flexor digitorum brevis loaded with superoxide and nitric-oxide-sensitive fluorescent probes, specific pathway inhibitors and immunolocalization techniques were used to identify subcellular sites contributing to cytosolic superoxide. Treatment with the electron transport chain complex III inhibitor, antimycin A, but not the complex I inhibitor, rotenone, caused increased cytosolic superoxide through release from the mitochondrial intermembrane space via voltage-dependent anion or Bax channels, but inhibition of these channels did not affect contraction-induced increases in cytosolic superoxide. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase inhibitors decreased cytosolic superoxide at rest and following contractions. Protein and mRNA expression of NADPH oxidase subunits was demonstrated in single fibers. NOX2, NOX4, and p22(phox) subunits localized to the sarcolemma and transverse tubules; NOX4 was additionally expressed in mitochondria. Regulatory p40(phox) and p67(phox) proteins were found in the cytoplasm of resting fibers, but following contractions, p40(phox) appeared to translocate to the sarcolemma. INNOVATION Superoxide and other reactive oxygen species generated by skeletal muscle are important regulators of muscle force production and adaptations to contractions. This study has defined the relative contribution of mitochondrial and cytosolic sources of superoxide within the cytosol of single muscle fibers at rest and during contractions. CONCLUSION Muscle mitochondria do not modulate cytosolic superoxide in skeletal muscle but NADPH oxidase is a major contributor both at rest and during contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgos Konstantinos Sakellariou
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Electrofluorochromism of a ruthenium complex investigated by time resolved TIRF microscopy coupled to an electrochemical cell. Electrochem commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2012.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Voicescu M, Rother D, Bardischewsky F, Friedrich CG, Hellwig P. A Combined Fluorescence Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Approach for the Study of Thioredoxins. Biochemistry 2010; 50:17-24. [DOI: 10.1021/bi1013112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Voicescu
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Vibrationnelle et Electrochimie des Biomolécules, UMR 7177, Institut de Chimie, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg, France
| | - Dagmar Rother
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Mikrobiologie, Fachbereich Bio- und Chemieingenieurwesen, Technische Universität Dortmund, Emil-Figge-Strasse 66, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Frank Bardischewsky
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Mikrobiologie, Fachbereich Bio- und Chemieingenieurwesen, Technische Universität Dortmund, Emil-Figge-Strasse 66, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Cornelius G. Friedrich
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Mikrobiologie, Fachbereich Bio- und Chemieingenieurwesen, Technische Universität Dortmund, Emil-Figge-Strasse 66, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Petra Hellwig
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Vibrationnelle et Electrochimie des Biomolécules, UMR 7177, Institut de Chimie, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg, France
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Zielonka J, Kalyanaraman B. Hydroethidine- and MitoSOX-derived red fluorescence is not a reliable indicator of intracellular superoxide formation: another inconvenient truth. Free Radic Biol Med 2010; 48:983-1001. [PMID: 20116425 PMCID: PMC3587154 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 393] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Revised: 01/20/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hydroethidine (HE; or dihydroethidium) is the most popular fluorogenic probe used for detecting intracellular superoxide radical anion. The reaction between superoxide and HE generates a highly specific red fluorescent product, 2-hydroxyethidium (2-OH-E(+)). In biological systems, another red fluorescent product, ethidium, is also formed, usually at a much higher concentration than 2-OH-E(+). In this article, we review the methods to selectively detect the superoxide-specific product (2-OH-E(+)) and the factors affecting its levels in cellular and biological systems. The most important conclusion of this review is that it is nearly impossible to assess the intracellular levels of the superoxide-specific product, 2-OH-E(+), using confocal microscopy or other fluorescence-based microscopic assays and that it is essential to measure by HPLC the intracellular HE and other oxidation products of HE, in addition to 2-OH-E(+), to fully understand the origin of red fluorescence. The chemical reactivity of mitochondria-targeted hydroethidine (Mito-HE, MitoSOX red) with superoxide is similar to the reactivity of HE with superoxide, and therefore, all of the limitations attributed to the HE assay are applicable to Mito-HE (or MitoSOX) as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Zielonka
- Department of Biophysics and Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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Gebala M, Stoica L, Neugebauer S, Schuhmann W. Label-Free Detection of DNA Hybridization in Presence of Intercalators Using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. ELECTROANAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200804388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Sinan M, Panda M, Ghosh A, Dhara K, Fanwick PE, Chattopadhyay DJ, Goswami S. Mild Synthesis of a Family of Planar Triazinium Cations via Proton-Assisted Cyclization of Pyridyl Containing Azo Compounds and Studies on DNA Intercalation. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:5185-93. [DOI: 10.1021/ja710211u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Sinan
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India, Department of Bio-Chemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700 019, India, and Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - M. Panda
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India, Department of Bio-Chemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700 019, India, and Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - A. Ghosh
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India, Department of Bio-Chemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700 019, India, and Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - K. Dhara
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India, Department of Bio-Chemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700 019, India, and Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - P. E. Fanwick
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India, Department of Bio-Chemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700 019, India, and Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - D. J. Chattopadhyay
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India, Department of Bio-Chemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700 019, India, and Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - S. Goswami
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India, Department of Bio-Chemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700 019, India, and Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
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Physics Aspects of Charge Migration Through DNA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-72494-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Bi YH, Huang ZL, Liu B, Zou QJ, Yu JH, Zhao YD, Luo QM. Two-photon-excited fluorescence and two-photon spectrofluoroelectrochemistry of riboflavin. Electrochem commun 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2006.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Minasyan SH, Tavadyan LA, Antonyan AP, Davtyan HG, Parsadanyan MA, Vardevanyan PO. Differential pulse voltammetric studies of ethidium bromide binding to DNA. Bioelectrochemistry 2006; 68:48-55. [PMID: 15914092 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2005.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2004] [Revised: 03/24/2005] [Accepted: 03/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of ethidium bromide (EtBr) with calf thymus DNA is investigated electrochemically with the use of differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) at two different ionic strengths of a solution (0.154 M and 0.02 M [Na+], pH 7.0). It is revealed that EtBr binds with DNA in more than one way. The appropriate values of constants (K) and number site sizes (n) of EtBr binding to DNA are determined. The values of binding constants are equal to 1.9 x 10(6) and 5.6 x 10(5) M(-1), and number site sizes to 9 and 3.6 for strong interactions at ionic strengths of solutions 0.02 and 0.154 M Na+ at 28 degrees C, respectively. For a weaker interaction, these parameters are equal to 7 x 10(4) and 8 x 10(4) M(-1) and 1.5 and 1 at the mentioned ionic strengths of solutions, respectively. Thus, EtBr interacts with DNA in more than one way--intercalative and electrostatic at low ionic strength, and semi-intercalative and electrostatic at a higher strength of the solution. These results are in good accordance with the ones obtained by spectroscopic (absorption and fluorimetric) methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Minasyan
- Laboratory of Liquid-Phase Oxidation and Free-Radical Reactions, Institute of Chemical Physics named after A.B. Nalbandyan, NAS of Armenia, Sevak St., 5/2, 375014, Yerevan, Armenia
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Omerzu A, Licer M, Mertelj T, Kabanov VV, Mihailovic D. Hole interactions with molecular vibrations on DNA. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 93:218101. [PMID: 15601065 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.218101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report on a study of the interactions between holes and molecular vibrations on dry DNA using photoinduced infrared absorption spectroscopy. Laser photoexcited holes are found to have a room-temperature lifetime in excess of tau > 1 ms, clearly indicating the presence of localization. However, from a quantitative model analysis of the frequency shifts of vibrational modes caused by the holes, we find the hole-vibrational coupling constant to be relatively small, lambda approximately 0.2. This interaction leads to a change in the conformational energy of DeltaE0 approximately 0.015 eV, which is too small to cause self-trapping at room temperature. We conclude that, at least in the dry (A) form, DNA is best understood in terms of a double chain of coupled quantum dots arising from the pseudorandom chain sequence of base pairs, in which Anderson localization prevents the formation of a metallic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ales Omerzu
- Department of Complex Matter, Institute Jozef Stefan, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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