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Sun YX, Ji BT, Chen JH, Gao LL, Sun Y, Deng ZP, Zhao B, Li JG. Ratiometric emission of Tb(III)-functionalized Cd-based layered MOFs for portable visual detection of trace amounts of diquat in apples, potatoes and corn. Food Chem 2024; 449:139259. [PMID: 38626667 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Diquat (DQ) is a typical bipyridine herbicide widely used to control weeds in fields and orchards. The severe toxicity of diquat poses a serious threat to the environment and human health. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have received widespread attention due to their unique physical and chemical properties and applications in the detection of toxic and harmful substances. In this work, a two-dimensional (2D) Tb(III) functionalized MOF Tb(III)@1 (1 = [Cd(HTATB)(bimb)]n·H2O (Cd-MOF), H3TATB = 4,4',4″-triazine-2,4,6-tribenzoicacid, bimb = 1,4-bis((1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)benzene) has been prepared and characterized. Tb(III)@1 has excellent optical properties and high water and chemical stability. After the Tb(III) is fixed by the uncoordinated -COO- in the 1 framework, Tb(III)@1 emits the typical green fluorescence of the lanthanide ion Tb(III) through the "antenna effect". It is worth noting that Tb(III)@1 can be used as a dual emission fluorescence chemical sensor for the ratio fluorescence detection of pesticide DQ, exhibiting a relatively low detection limit of 0.06 nM and a wide detection range of 0-50 nM. After the addition of DQ, a rapid color change of Tb(III)@1 fluorescence from green to blue was observed due to the combined effects of IFE, FRET and dynamic quenching. Therefore, a simple test paper box has been designed for direct on-site determination of pesticide DQ. In addition, the developed sensor has been successfully applied to the detection of DQ in real samples (fruits a Yin-Xia Sun and Bo-Tao Ji contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors.nd vegetables) with satisfactory results. The results indicate that the probe developed in this study has broad application prospects in both real sample detection and actual on-site testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Xia Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, PR China.
| | - Bo-Tao Ji
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, PR China
| | - Jiang-Hai Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, PR China
| | - Lu-Lu Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, PR China
| | - Yu Sun
- Experimental Teaching Department of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Zhe-Peng Deng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, PR China.
| | - Biao Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, PR China
| | - Jin-Guo Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, PR China
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All-Step-in-One Test Kit for Paraquat Detection in Water and Vegetable Samples. ANALYTICA 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/analytica3010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This work presents the first development of an all-steps-in-one test kit for the determination of paraquat in natural water, and vegetable and agricultural samples. A handheld photometer incorporated with a magnetic stirrer was used to complete the steps of extraction, mixing, and detection. Paraquat produces a blue free radical ion via a reduction with sodium dithionite in alkaline conditions. Sodium dithionite powder was investigated for the enhancement of reagent stability duration, which was added directly into sample solution that showed insignificant difference in sensitivity as compared with that of the solution format of sodium dithionite. The developed test kit showed good performance with the linear calibration of 0.5 to 10 mg L−1 with a high coefficient of determination (r2 = 0.9947). The lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ = 3SD of intercept per slope) carried out from the method using the handheld photometer was 0.50 mg L−1. The limit of detection (LOD) by naked eye was 0.30 mg L−1. The recovery study was acceptable in the range of 101–115%. Intraday (n = 3) and interday (n = 3) precision was less than 1%. On the basis of the significance test at the 95% confidence interval, quantitative results of the developed test kit agreed well with those from high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating an online extraction for vegetables incorporated into a test kit, applicable for on-site analysis. Single-point calibration based on the Beer–Lambert law also demonstrated the measurement of paraquat. In testing with a nominal standard solution of 5.00 mg L−1 paraquat, the reading concentration was 5.09 ± 0.03 mg L−1 paraquat (n = 20) with a K value of 0.0967 (close to the slope of multipoint calibration). This research is a direct benefit to agricultural products and the health of a population for the analysis of pesticides and herbicides.
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3
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Seetasang S, Kaneta T. Portable two-color photometer based on paired light emitter detector diodes and its application to the determination of paraquat and diquat. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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4
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Seetasang S, Kaneta T. On-site analysis of paraquat using a completely portable photometric detector operated with small, rechargeable batteries. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1135:99-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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5
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Elbashir AA, Elgorashe REE, Alnajjar AO, Aboul-Enein HY. Application of Capillary Electrophoresis with Capacitively Coupled Contactless Conductivity Detection (CE-C 4D): 2017-2020. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 52:535-543. [PMID: 32835492 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1809340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D) has emerged as influential to detect analytes that do not have chromogenic or fluorogenic functional group. Since our last review several new capillary electrophoresis (CE) methods coupled with (CE-C4D) have been communicated. The aim of this review is to give an update of the almost all the new applications of CE-C4D in the field of pharmaceutical, food and biomedical analysis covering the period from 2017 to April 2020. The utilization of CE with C4D in the areas of pharmaceutical, food and biomedical analysis is presented. Finally, concluding remarks and outlooks are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalla Ahmed Elbashir
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed O Alnajjar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Y Aboul-Enein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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6
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Pourakbari Z, Aliakbar A, Sheykhan M. A metal-catex composite electrode for determination of paraquat in various samples by Ad-differential pulse cathodic stripping voltammetry. Talanta 2020; 212:120793. [PMID: 32113555 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a novel kind of metal-catex composite electrode for determination of paraquat (PQ) by adsorptive differential pulse voltammetry is introduced. The metal-catex composite electrode was fabricated by cathodic electropolymerization of p-nitrophenol and p-nitrobenzoic acid in the presence of tin (II) chloride as a scaffold for composite structure on prepared glassy carbon electrode. Electropolymerization was carried out in sodium acetate medium. The surface of the fabricated electrode was characterized with field emission scanning electron microscope and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The obtained results show that there are Sn nanoparticles in the structure of the catex-composite. Chemical structure of metal-catex composite electrode was investigated using FTIR (ATR), 13C NMR, H NMR and a suitable mechanism for electropolymerization has been proposed. This metal-catex composite electrode was applied for determinations of PQ using sodium acetate buffer solutions at pH = 6.5 as an electrolyte solution. All parameters influencing the performance of the fabricated electrode were studied and optimized. The proposed electrode exhibits good linearity versus PQ concentration in the range of 3.8 × 10-8 to 7.7 × 10-7 mol L-1 and shows a manifold increase in sensitivity (more than 30 times) as compared to the glassy carbon electrode. The LOQ of this electrode was 7.78 × 10-9 mol L-1, which is comparable with that of other electrochemical methods. The mean, standard deviation and relative standard deviation for seven repetitive determinations of paraquat (7.78 × 10-8 mol L-1) were measured to be 7.75 × 10-8 mol L-1, ±0.29 × 10-8 mol L-1, and 3.75% respectively. This electrode was applied for the determination of paraquat in natural water, natural juice, potatoes and onions. The introduced electrode shows good stability with repeated use and over long periods (about 20 days). There is a good agreement between the results for water analysis by this method and the standard method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Pourakbari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, P. O. Box 4193833697, Rasht, Iran
| | - Alireza Aliakbar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, P. O. Box 4193833697, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Sheykhan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, P. O. Box 4193833697, Rasht, Iran
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7
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Assessing the potential application of bio-compatibly tuned nanosensor of Yb2O3 for selective detection of imazapyr in real samples. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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8
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Laghrib F, Bakasse M, Lahrich S, El Mhammedi MA. Electrochemical sensors for improved detection of paraquat in food samples: A review. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 107:110349. [PMID: 31761239 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Paraquat (1,10-dimethyl-4,40-dipyridinium chloride), also known as methyl viologen, is widely used as a quaternary ammonium herbicide (broadleaf weed killer) all over the world owing to its excellent effect in plant cells for crop protection and horticultural use. However, it is dangerous because of its high acute toxicity even at low concentrations. Its detection in the environment is therefore necessary. As a consequence of its widespread usage, it causes genotoxic, teratogenic as well as other environmental and ecological adverse impacts. Exposure to PQ leads to a high mortality rate because no specific drug is effective for treatment. Excessive consumption of PQ can cause cellular damage and necrosis in the brain, heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys. The diversity and sensitivity of the analyses currently required have forced the experimenter to use more advanced and efficient techniques, which can provide qualitative and quantitative results in complex environments. Electrochemical methods generally meet these criteria while offering other advantages to achieve excellent accuracy and fast handling. This paper provides an overview of the determination of PQ using electrochemical methods combined with several modified electrodes in food samples, including milk, apple juice, tomato juice, and potato juice. Emphasis was placed on the most relevant modifiers used to generate high selectivity and sensitivity such as noble metals, metallic nanoparticles, polymers, biomolecules, clay, and apatite minerals. Comprehensively, it is strongly convincing that the synergy between the sensor substrate and the modifier architecture gives the electrodes a high capacity to detect paraquat in complex matrices such as food. In line with the context, information's on the mechanism of electrooxidation or reduction of PQ has been reported with the discussion of some future prospects and some insights. To the best of our knowledge, there is no review article relating the electrochemical determination of paraquat.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Laghrib
- Univ. Sultan Moulay Slimane, Laboratoire de Chimie, Modélisation et Sciences de l'Environnement, Faculté Polydisciplinaire, 25 000, Khouribga, Morocco
| | - M Bakasse
- Univ. Chouaib Doukkali, Equipe d'Analyse des Micropolluants Organiques, Faculté de Sciences, El-Jadida, Morocco
| | - S Lahrich
- Univ. Sultan Moulay Slimane, Laboratoire de Chimie, Modélisation et Sciences de l'Environnement, Faculté Polydisciplinaire, 25 000, Khouribga, Morocco
| | - M A El Mhammedi
- Univ. Sultan Moulay Slimane, Laboratoire de Chimie, Modélisation et Sciences de l'Environnement, Faculté Polydisciplinaire, 25 000, Khouribga, Morocco.
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9
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Li HL, Qiu F, Ge QM, Liu M, Tao Z, Cong H. Electrochemiluminescence response of a benzouril-constructed electrode to bipyridyl herbicides. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj06512h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemiluminescence sensor with modification of macrocyclic benzo[6]uril on the surface of a glass carbon electrode was achieved, which has been applied for the quantitative analysis of paraquat and diquat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ling Li
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
| | - Fei Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
| | - Qing-Mei Ge
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
| | - Mao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
| | - Zhu Tao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
| | - Hang Cong
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
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10
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Salt-assisted liquid–liquid extraction coupled with reversed-phase dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for sensitive HPLC determination of paraquat in environmental and food samples. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-018-9941-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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11
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De Souza D, Machado SAS. Use of Multiple Square Wave Voltammetry for the Detection of Diquat Herbicide in Environmental Water, Foods and River Sediments. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934818060059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Suzuki Y, Kaneko T, Saito K. The internal standard diquat-d4 causes errors in diquat analysis by LC–MS/MS. Forensic Toxicol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-018-0423-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Magalhães N, Carvalho F, Dinis-Oliveira RJ. Human and experimental toxicology of diquat poisoning: Toxicokinetics, mechanisms of toxicity, clinical features, and treatment. Hum Exp Toxicol 2018; 37:1131-1160. [PMID: 29569487 DOI: 10.1177/0960327118765330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diquat (1,1'-ethylene-2,2'-bipyridinium ion; DQ) is a nonselective quick-acting herbicide, which is used as contact and preharvest desiccant to control terrestrial and aquatic vegetation. Several cases of human poisoning were reported worldwide mainly due to intentional ingestion of the liquid formulations. Its toxic potential results from its ability to produce reactive oxygen and nitrogen species through redox cycling processes that can lead to oxidative stress and potentially cell death. Kidney is the main target organ due to DQ toxicokinetics and redox cycling. There is no antidote against DQ intoxications, and the efficacy of treatments currently applied is still unsatisfactory. The aim of this work was to review the most relevant human and experimental findings related to DQ, characterizing its chemistry, activity as herbicide, mechanisms of toxicity, consequences of poisoning, and potential therapeutic approaches taking into account previous experience in developing antidotes for paraquat, a more toxic bipyridinium herbicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Magalhães
- 1 UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - F Carvalho
- 1 UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - R J Dinis-Oliveira
- 1 UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,2 IINFACTS-Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS-CESPU), Gandra, Portugal.,3 Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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14
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Application of thermoresponsive hydrogel/gold nanorods composites in the detection of diquat. Talanta 2017; 174:192-197. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Vu AP, Nguyen TN, Do TT, Doan TH, Ha TH, Ta TT, Nguyen HL, Hauser PC, Nguyen TAH, Mai TD. Clinical screening of paraquat in plasma samples using capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection: Towards rapid diagnosis and therapeutic treatment of acute paraquat poisoning in Vietnam. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1060:111-117. [PMID: 28609698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The employment of a purpose-made capillary electrophoresis (CE) instrument with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D) as a simple and cost-effective solution for clinical screening of paraquat in plasma samples for early-stage diagnosis of acute herbicide poisoning is reported. Paraquat was determined using an electrolyte composed of 10mM histidine adjusted to pH 4 with acetic acid. A detection limit of 0.5mg/L was achieved. Good agreement between results from CE-C4D and the confirmation method (HPLC-UV) was obtained, with relative errors for the two pairs of data better than 20% for 31 samples taken from paraquat-intoxicated patients. The results were used by medical doctors for identification and prognosis of acute paraquat poisoning cases. The objective of the work is the deployment of the developed approach in rural areas in Vietnam as a low-cost solution to reduce the mortality rate due to accidental or suicidal ingestion of paraquat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Phuong Vu
- Poison Control Center, Bach Mai Hospital, 78 Giai Phong road, Dong Da, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi - 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, Viet Nam(1)
| | - Thi Ngan Nguyen
- Poison Control Center, Bach Mai Hospital, 78 Giai Phong road, Dong Da, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi - 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, Viet Nam(1)
| | - Thi Trang Do
- Poison Control Center, Bach Mai Hospital, 78 Giai Phong road, Dong Da, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi - 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, Viet Nam(1)
| | - Thu Ha Doan
- Poison Control Center, Bach Mai Hospital, 78 Giai Phong road, Dong Da, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Tran Hung Ha
- Poison Control Center, Bach Mai Hospital, 78 Giai Phong road, Dong Da, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Thao Ta
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi - 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, Viet Nam(1)
| | - Hung Long Nguyen
- Vietnam Food Administration, Ministry of Health, 138A Giang Vo, Ba Đinh, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Peter C Hauser
- University of Basel, Department of Chemistry, Spitalstrasse 51, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thi Anh Huong Nguyen
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi - 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, Viet Nam(1).
| | - Thanh Duc Mai
- PNAS, Institut Galien de Paris-Sud, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, 5 rue JB Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
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Dey N, Bhagat D, Cherukaraveedu D, Bhattacharya S. Utilization of Red-Light-Emitting CdTe Nanoparticles for the Trace-Level Detection of Harmful Herbicides in Adulterated Food and Agricultural Crops. Chem Asian J 2016; 12:76-85. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201601302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjan Dey
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore 560012 1 India
| | - Deepa Bhagat
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research; National Bureau of Agriculturally Insect Resources; Bangalore 560 024 India
| | - Durgadas Cherukaraveedu
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore 560012 1 India
- School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh; David Brewster Road, Joseph Black Building EH9 3JF United Kingdom
| | - Santanu Bhattacharya
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore 560012 1 India
- Indian Association of Cultivation of Science; Kolkata 700032 India
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Li H, Liu J, Yang X. Facile Synthesis of Glutathione-capped CdS Quantum Dots as a Fluorescence Sensor for Rapid Detection and Quantification of Paraquat. ANAL SCI 2016; 31:1011-7. [PMID: 26460365 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.31.1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a convenient and rapid fluorescence sensor for determination of paraquat (PA) based on glutathione-capped CdS quantum dots (QDs). The methodology enabled the use of a simple synthesis procedure for water solubilization of CdS QDs via a fast route using glutathione as a capping agent within 15 min. The resulting water-soluble QDs exhibit a strong fluorescence emission at 536 nm with high and reproducible photostability. PA is an important class of electron acceptors for QDs. Thus, the fluorescence intensity of the glutathione-capped CdS QDs probe could be dramatically quenched by PA due to the electron transfer mechanism. The fluorescence intensity of the CdS QDs system was proportional to PA concentration in the range of 0.025 to 1.5 μg mL(-1), with a detection limit of 0.01 μg mL(-1). The time of analysis sample, including preparation of QDs and fluorescent measurement for PA, was only 20 min. Most of the potentially coexisting substances did not interfere with the PA-induced quenching effect except diquat. Furthermore, the analytical applicability of the proposed method was demonstrated by analyzing PA in water, rice and cabbage samples, and the recoveries were between 86 and 105% which satisfied the requirement of detection for PA. These results showed that the proposed method was simple in design and fast in operation, and could be used as a sensitive tool for detecting PA in environmental and agricultural samples.
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Oh JA, Lee JB, Lee SH, Shin HS. Ultra-trace level determination of diquat and paraquat residues in surface and drinking water using ion-pair liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry: A comparison of direct injection and solid-phase extraction methods. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:2900-10. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Aa Oh
- Department of Environmental Science; Kongju National University; Kongju Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Bae Lee
- Geum River Environment Research Center; Okcheon-eup; Chungbuk Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hyung Lee
- Geum River Environment Research Center; Okcheon-eup; Chungbuk Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Sang Shin
- Department of Environmental Education; Kongju National University; Kongju Republic of Korea
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El Harmoudi H, Achak M, Farahi A, Lahrich S, El Gaini L, Abdennouri M, Bouzidi A, Bakasse M, El Mhammedi M. Sensitive determination of paraquat by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry with chitin modified carbon paste electrode. Talanta 2013; 115:172-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 03/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Kishikawa N, Higuchi S, Ohyama K, Nakashima K, Kuroda N. A simple and rapid chemiluminescence assay for on-site analysis of paraquat using a portable luminometer. Forensic Toxicol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-012-0175-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yao Z, Hu X, Ma W, Chen X, Zhang L, Yu J, Zhao Y, Wu HC. Colorimetric and fluorescent dual detection of paraquat and diquat based on an anionic polythiophene derivative. Analyst 2013; 138:5572-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an01205k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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22
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Rapid and sensitive quantification of paraquat and diquat in human serum by liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry using atmospheric pressure photoionization. Forensic Toxicol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-012-0138-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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23
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Moreira PN, de Pinho PG, Baltazar MT, Bastos ML, Carvalho F, Dinis-Oliveira RJ. Quantification of paraquat in postmortem samples by gas chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry and review of the literature. Biomed Chromatogr 2012; 26:338-349. [PMID: 21656535 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Revised: 05/07/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) is an herbicide implicated in numerous fatalities, mainly caused by voluntary ingestion. Several methods have been used to quantify PQ in plasma and urine samples of intoxicated humans as a predictor of clinical outcome. There is no validated method for the analysis of PQ in postmortem samples. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop an analytical method, using gas chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry (GC-IT/MS) after solid-phase extraction, to quantify PQ in postmortem samples, namely in whole blood, urine, liver, lung and kidney, to cover the routes of distribution, accumulation and elimination of PQ. The method proved to be selective as there were no interferences of endogenous compounds with the same retention time as PQ and ethyl paraquat (internal standard). The regression analysis for PQ was linear in the range 0-10 µg/mL. The detection limits ranged from 0.0076 µg/mL for urine to 0.047 µg/mL for whole blood, and the recoveries were suitable for forensic analysis. The proposed GC-IT/MS method provided an accurate and simple assay with adequate precision and recovery for the quantification of PQ in postmortem samples. The proof of applicability was performed in two fatal PQ intoxications. A review of the analytical methods for the determination of quaternary ammonium herbicides is also provided for a better understanding of the presently available techniques.
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24
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Zou Y, Shi Y, Bai Y, Tang J, Chen Y, Wang L. An improved approach for extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of paraquat in human plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:1809-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Revised: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 05/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Saito T, Fukushima T, Yui Y, Miyazaki S, Nakamoto A, Namera A, Inokuchi S. Monolithic spin column extraction and GC-MS for the simultaneous assay of diquat, paraquat, and fenitrothion in human serum and urine. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 400:25-31. [PMID: 21221537 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4633-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Revised: 12/17/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present a method based on monolitic spin column extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as an analytical method for screening diquat (DQ), paraquat (PQ), and fenitrothion in serum and urine. This method is useful for clinical and forensic toxicological analyses. Recovery of DQ, PQ, and fenitrothion from serum and urine, spiked at concentrations between 0.1, 2.5, 20, and 45 μg/ml, ranged from 51.3% to 106.1%. Relative standard deviation percentages were between 3.3% and 14.8%. Detection and quantitation limits for serum and urine were 0.025 and 0.05 μg/ml, respectively, for DQ, 0.1 and 0.1 μg/ml, respectively, for PQ, and 0.025 and 0.05 μg/ml, respectively, for fenitrothion. Therefore, these compounds can be detected and quantified in the case of acute poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Saito
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Shimokasuya 143, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1143, Japan.
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26
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de Almeida RM, Yonamine M. Enzymatic-spectrophotometric determination of paraquat in urine samples: a method based on its toxic mechanism. Toxicol Mech Methods 2010; 20:424-7. [PMID: 20524792 DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2010.490968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Paraquat is a broad-spectrum contact herbicide that has been encountered worldwide in several cases of accidental, homicidal, and suicidal poisonings. The pulmonary toxicity of this compound is related to the depletion of NADPH in the pneumocytes, which is continuously consumed by the reduction/oxidation of paraquat and reductase enzyme systems in the presence of O(2) (redox cycling). Based on this mechanism, an enzymatic-spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of paraquat in urine samples. The velocity of NADPH consumption was monitored at 340 nm, every 10 s during 15 min. The velocity of NADPH oxidation correlated with the paraquat levels found in samples. The enzymatic-spectrophotometric method showed to be sensitive, making possible the detection of paraquat in urine samples at concentrations as low as 0.05 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Menck de Almeida
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil.
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27
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Determination of diquat by flow injection–chemiluminescence. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 394:1073-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-2609-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2008] [Revised: 12/16/2008] [Accepted: 01/08/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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28
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Zougagh M, Bouabdallah M, Salghi R, Hormatallah A, Rios A. Supercritical fluid extraction as an on-line clean-up technique for rapid amperometric screening and alternative liquid chromatography for confirmation of paraquat and diquat in olive oil samples. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1204:56-61. [PMID: 18703198 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.07.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2008] [Revised: 07/15/2008] [Accepted: 07/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and simple method for the direct screening of paraquat (PQ) and diquat (DQ) in olive oil samples is proposed. The sample screening method involves supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) (clean-up followed by the extraction of the analytes) followed by continuous flow electrochemical detection. Those samples for which the total concentration is close to or above the threshold limit established by the Columbian Society for Social Protection (0.05 microg g(-1)) are subsequently analyzed by liquid chromatography (LC) with diode array detection (DAD). This confirmation method allows the determination of PQ and DQ in the range between 0.04 and 1.0 microg g(-1), with average relative standard deviations lower than 3.5%, and 0.003 and 0.002 microg g(-1) detection limits for PQ and DQ, respectively. The proposed arrangement opens up interesting prospects for the direct determination of polar pesticides in complex samples with a good throughput and a high level of automation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zougagh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela s/n, Ciudad Real, Spain
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