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Pierce AA, Duwaerts CC, Siao K, Mattis AN, Goodsell A, Baron JL, Maher JJ. CD18 deficiency improves liver injury in the MCD model of steatohepatitis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183912. [PMID: 28873429 PMCID: PMC5584926 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils and macrophages are important constituents of the hepatic inflammatory infiltrate in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. These innate immune cells express CD18, an adhesion molecule that facilitates leukocyte activation. In the context of fatty liver, activation of infiltrated leukocytes is believed to enhance hepatocellular injury. The objective of this study was to determine the degree to which activated innate immune cells promote steatohepatitis by comparing hepatic outcomes in wild-type and CD18-mutant mice fed a methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet. After 3 weeks of MCD feeding, hepatocyte injury, based on serum ALT elevation, was 40% lower in CD18-mutant than wild-type mice. Leukocyte infiltration into the liver was not impaired in CD18-mutant mice, but leukocyte activation was markedly reduced, as shown by the lack of evidence of oxidant production. Despite having reduced hepatocellular injury, CD18-mutant mice developed significantly more hepatic steatosis than wild-type mice after MCD feeding. This coincided with greater hepatic induction of pro-inflammatory and lipogenic genes as well as a modest reduction in hepatic expression of adipose triglyceride lipase. Overall, the data indicate that CD18 deficiency curbs MCD-mediated liver injury by limiting the activation of innate immune cells in the liver without compromising intrahepatic cytokine activation. Reduced liver injury occurs at the expense of increased hepatic steatosis, which suggests that in addition to damaging hepatocytes, infiltrating leukocytes may influence lipid homeostasis in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A. Pierce
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Caroline C. Duwaerts
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Kevin Siao
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Aras N. Mattis
- Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Amanda Goodsell
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jody L. Baron
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jacquelyn J. Maher
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Snezhkina AV, Krasnov GS, Zaretsky AR, Zhavoronkov A, Nyushko KM, Moskalev AA, Karpova IY, Afremova AI, Lipatova AV, Kochetkov DV, Fedorova MS, Volchenko NN, Sadritdinova AF, Melnikova NV, Sidorov DV, Popov AY, Kalinin DV, Kaprin AD, Alekseev BY, Dmitriev AA, Kudryavtseva AV. Differential expression of alternatively spliced transcripts related to energy metabolism in colorectal cancer. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:1011. [PMID: 28105922 PMCID: PMC5249009 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3351-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. CRC molecular pathogenesis is heterogeneous and may be followed by mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, chromosomal and microsatellite instability, alternative splicing alterations, hypermethylation of CpG islands, oxidative stress, impairment of different signaling pathways and energy metabolism. In the present work, we have studied the alterations of alternative splicing patterns of genes related to energy metabolism in CRC. RESULTS Using CrossHub software, we analyzed The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) RNA-Seq datasets derived from colon tumor and matched normal tissues. The expression of 1014 alternative mRNA isoforms involved in cell energy metabolism was examined. We found 7 genes with differentially expressed alternative transcripts whereas overall expression of these genes was not significantly altered in CRC. A set of 8 differentially expressed transcripts of interest has been validated by qPCR. These eight isoforms encoded by OGDH, COL6A3, ICAM1, PHPT1, PPP2R5D, SLC29A1, and TRIB3 genes were up-regulated in colorectal tumors, and this is in concordance with the bioinformatics data. The alternative transcript NM_057167 of COL6A3 was also strongly up-regulated in breast, lung, prostate, and kidney tumors. Alternative transcript of SLC29A1 (NM_001078177) was up-regulated only in CRC samples, but not in the other tested tumor types. CONCLUSIONS We identified tumor-specific expression of alternative spliced transcripts of seven genes involved in energy metabolism in CRC. Our results bring new knowledge on alternative splicing in colorectal cancer and suggest a set of mRNA isoforms that could be used for cancer diagnosis and development of treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - George Sergeevich Krasnov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Alex Zhavoronkov
- Insilico Medicine, Inc., Emerging Technology Centers, Johns Hopkins University Eastern Campus, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Alexey Alexandrovich Moskalev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Asiya Fayazovna Sadritdinova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrey Dmitrievich Kaprin
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Yakovlevich Alekseev
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Anna Viktorovna Kudryavtseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
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Nayak M, Eekhoff ME, Peinhaupt M, Heinemann A, Desoye G, van Poppel MN. Cytokines and their association with insulin resistance in obese pregnant women with different levels of physical activity. Cytokine 2016; 77:72-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Kogelman LJA, Zhernakova DV, Westra HJ, Cirera S, Fredholm M, Franke L, Kadarmideen HN. An integrative systems genetics approach reveals potential causal genes and pathways related to obesity. Genome Med 2015; 7:105. [PMID: 26482556 PMCID: PMC4617184 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-015-0229-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a multi-factorial health problem in which genetic factors play an important role. Limited results have been obtained in single-gene studies using either genomic or transcriptomic data. RNA sequencing technology has shown its potential in gaining accurate knowledge about the transcriptome, and may reveal novel genes affecting complex diseases. Integration of genomic and transcriptomic variation (expression quantitative trait loci [eQTL] mapping) has identified causal variants that affect complex diseases. We integrated transcriptomic data from adipose tissue and genomic data from a porcine model to investigate the mechanisms involved in obesity using a systems genetics approach. Methods Using a selective gene expression profiling approach, we selected 36 animals based on a previously created genomic Obesity Index for RNA sequencing of subcutaneous adipose tissue. Differential expression analysis was performed using the Obesity Index as a continuous variable in a linear model. eQTL mapping was then performed to integrate 60 K porcine SNP chip data with the RNA sequencing data. Results were restricted based on genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms, detected differentially expressed genes, and previously detected co-expressed gene modules. Further data integration was performed by detecting co-expression patterns among eQTLs and integration with protein data. Results Differential expression analysis of RNA sequencing data revealed 458 differentially expressed genes. The eQTL mapping resulted in 987 cis-eQTLs and 73 trans-eQTLs (false discovery rate < 0.05), of which the cis-eQTLs were associated with metabolic pathways. We reduced the eQTL search space by focusing on differentially expressed and co-expressed genes and disease-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms to detect obesity-related genes and pathways. Building a co-expression network using eQTLs resulted in the detection of a module strongly associated with lipid pathways. Furthermore, we detected several obesity candidate genes, for example, ENPP1, CTSL, and ABHD12B. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study to perform an integrated genomics and transcriptomics (eQTL) study using, and modeling, genomic and subcutaneous adipose tissue RNA sequencing data on obesity in a porcine model. We detected several pathways and potential causal genes for obesity. Further validation and investigation may reveal their exact function and association with obesity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13073-015-0229-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisette J A Kogelman
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 7, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Daria V Zhernakova
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Harm-Jan Westra
- Divisions of Genetics and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Partners Center for Personalized Genetic Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. .,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Susanna Cirera
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 7, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Merete Fredholm
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 7, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Lude Franke
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Haja N Kadarmideen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 7, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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Meakin PJ, Morrison VL, Sneddon CC, Savinko T, Uotila L, Jalicy SM, Gabriel JL, Kang L, Ashford MLJ, Fagerholm SC. Mice Lacking beta2-Integrin Function Remain Glucose Tolerant in Spite of Insulin Resistance, Neutrophil Infiltration and Inflammation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138872. [PMID: 26405763 PMCID: PMC4583187 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta2-integrins are important in leukocyte trafficking and function, and are regulated through the binding of cytoplasmic proteins, such as kindlin-3, to their intracellular domain. Here, we investigate the involvement of beta2-integrins in the regulation of metabolic disease using mice where the kindlin-3 binding site in the beta2-integrin cytoplasmic tail has been mutated (TTT/AAA-beta2-integrin knock-in (KI) mice), leading to expressed but dysfunctional beta2-integrins and significant neutrophilia in vivo. Beta2-integrin KI mice fed on a high fat diet showed normal weight gain, and normal accumulation of macrophages and lymphocytes in white adipose tissue (WAT) and liver, but increased neutrophil numbers especially in WAT. In addition, beta2-integrin KI mice fed on a high fat diet showed significantly increased peripheral insulin resistance in response to high-fat feeding. However, this was associated with improved glucose disposal following glucose load. Interestingly, beta2-integrin KI neutrophils produced more elastase in vitro, in response to stimulation. Beta2-integrin KI mice displayed variability of tissue inflammatory status, with liver and WAT exhibiting little or no difference in inflammation compared to high fat fed controls, whereas skeletal muscle demonstrated a raised inflammatory profile in association with higher elastase levels and diminished signalling through the IRS1-PKB pathway. In conclusion, although expression of dysfunctional beta2-integrins increased neutrophil production and infiltration into tissue, skeletal muscle was the most affected tissue exhibiting evidence of higher neutrophil activity and insulin resistance. Thus, beta2-integrins modulate glucose homeostasis during high fat feeding predominantly through actions on skeletal muscle to affect metabolic phenotype in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J. Meakin
- Divison of Cardiovascular & Diabetes Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Vicky L. Morrison
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Claire C. Sneddon
- Divison of Cardiovascular & Diabetes Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Terhi Savinko
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liisa Uotila
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susan M. Jalicy
- Divison of Cardiovascular & Diabetes Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Jennie L. Gabriel
- Divison of Cardiovascular & Diabetes Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Li Kang
- Divison of Cardiovascular & Diabetes Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Michael L. J. Ashford
- Divison of Cardiovascular & Diabetes Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (SCF); (MLJA)
| | - Susanna C. Fagerholm
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- * E-mail: (SCF); (MLJA)
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Awaya T, Yokosaki Y, Yamane K, Usui H, Kohno N, Eboshida A. Gene-environment association of an ITGB2 sequence variant with obesity in ethnic Japanese. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008; 16:1463-6. [PMID: 18369341 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2008.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Mice lacking the integrin alphaMbeta2 (Mac-1, CD11b/CD18) develop an obese phenotype on western diet rich in fat. However, no association has been found between variations in the human genes encoding the integrin alphaMbeta2 and obesity. This study was aimed to investigate the association between a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs235326) in the gene encoding human integrin beta2 subunit (ITGB2) with obesity. Our subject cohort comprised 651 people of Japanese ethnicity, of which 274 were Japanese Americans living in Hawaii, and the remaining 377 were native Japanese, two populations in the same genetic background with or without westernized life style. We genotyped the rs235326 polymorphism using a TaqMan assay. In the Japanese-American population, the risk of obesity was found to be 3.29-fold higher (a 95% confidence interval of 1.25-8.67, P = 0.02) in TT homozygotes than in C carriers, using a recessive model and logistic regression analysis that had been adjusted for age. This association was not found in native Japanese individuals. These results indicate that the rs235326 polymorphism in the ITGB2 gene is associated with obesity in Japanese living in the United States whose diet has become "westernized."
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Awaya
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Kempf K, Rose B, Herder C, Kleophas U, Martin S, Kolb H. Inflammation in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: Impact of dietary glucose. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2007; 1084:30-48. [PMID: 17151291 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1372.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Chronic overnutrition combined with a lack of exercise is the main cause for the rapidly increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity. It seems accepted that adipositis (macrophage infiltration and inflammation of adipose tissue in obesity) and systemic low grade inflammation affect the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, modern weight reduction programs additionally focus on strategies to attenuate the inflammation state. Exercise is one major factor, which contributes to the reduction of both the incidence of T2DM and inflammation, and the immunomodulatory effects of exercise are supported by similarly beneficial effects of dietary changes. In this context, glucose is the most extensively studied nutrient and current investigations focus on postprandial glucose-induced inflammation, one possible reason why hyperglycemia is detrimental. Indeed, glucose may modulate the mRNA expression and serum concentrations of immune parameters but these alterations rapidly normalize in normoglycemic subjects. In case of an impaired metabolic state, however, postprandial hyperglycemia increases magnitude and duration of systemic inflammatory responses, which probably promotes the development of T2DM and of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Kempf
- German Diabetes Clinic, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Wang HW, Babic AM, Mitchell HA, Liu K, Wagner DD. Elevated soluble ICAM-1 levels induce immune deficiency and increase adiposity in mice. FASEB J 2005; 19:1018-20. [PMID: 15817637 DOI: 10.1096/fj.04-3094fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Elevated soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) levels have been found in many pathological conditions, including obesity. To determine the effects of elevated sICAM-1 on immune responses and metabolism, we generated a transgenic mouse model overexpressing the extracellular domain of mouse ICAM-1 in the liver. The mice, showing 10-fold higher sICAM-1 levels than wild-type mice, presented elevated neutrophil count. Despite this, after intraperitoneal injection of thioglycollate, neutrophil recruitment into the peritoneal cavity was reduced, and the delayed macrophage recruitment was also affected in the transgenic mice compared with wild-type mice. Inhibition of contact hypersensitivity response in the sICAM-1 transgenic mice was comparable to ICAM-1-deficient mice and characterized by significantly less ear swelling and inflammatory cell infiltration than in wild-type mice. sICAM-1transgenic mice were more susceptible to weight gain on a Western-type diet than wild-type mice, and older animals showed excessive fat accumulation, again reminiscent of ICAM-1-deficient mice. Together, these data indicate that sICAM-1 interferes with ICAM-1-mediated cell-cell interactions, which could produce immune-suppressant effects and alteration of metabolism in persons with high levels of this soluble adhesion receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wei Wang
- The CBR Institute for Biomedical Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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