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Tedeschi V, Paldino G, Alba J, Molteni E, Paladini F, Scrivo R, Congia M, Cauli A, Caccavale R, Paroli M, Di Franco M, Tuosto L, Sorrentino R, D’Abramo M, Fiorillo MT. ERAP1 and ERAP2 Haplotypes Influence Suboptimal HLA-B*27:05-Restricted Anti-Viral CD8+ T Cell Responses Cross-Reactive to Self-Epitopes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13335. [PMID: 37686141 PMCID: PMC10488187 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*27 family of alleles is strongly associated with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the axial and peripheral joints, yet some HLA-B*27 variants not associated with AS have been shown. Since no major differences in the ligandome of associated compared to not-associated alleles have emerged, a plausible hypothesis is that the quantity rather than the quality of the presented epitopes makes the difference. In addition, the Endoplasmic Reticulum AminoPeptidases (ERAPs) 1 and 2, playing a crucial role in shaping the HLA class I epitopes, act as strong AS susceptibility factors, suggesting that an altered peptidome might be responsible for the activation of pathogenic CD8+ T cells. In this context, we have previously singled out a B*27:05-restricted CD8+ T cell response against pEBNA3A (RPPIFIRRL), an EBV peptide lacking the B*27 classic binding motif. Here, we show that a specific ERAP1/2 haplotype negatively correlates with such response in B*27:05 subjects. Moreover, we prove that the B*27:05 allele successfully presents peptides with the same suboptimal N-terminal RP motif, including the self-peptide, pDYNEIN (RPPIFGDFL). Overall, this study underscores the cooperation between the HLA-B*27 and ERAP1/2 allelic variants in defining CD8+ T cell reactivity to suboptimal viral and self-B*27 peptides and prompts further investigation of the B*27:05 peptidome composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Tedeschi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (L.T.); (R.S.); (M.T.F.)
| | - Giorgia Paldino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (L.T.); (R.S.); (M.T.F.)
| | - Josephine Alba
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland;
| | - Emanuele Molteni
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (R.S.); (M.D.F.)
| | - Fabiana Paladini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (L.T.); (R.S.); (M.T.F.)
| | - Rossana Scrivo
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (R.S.); (M.D.F.)
| | - Mattia Congia
- Rheumatology Unit, AOU and University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (M.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Alberto Cauli
- Rheumatology Unit, AOU and University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (M.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Rosalba Caccavale
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Surgical Sciences, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sapienza University of Rome c/o Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy; (R.C.); (M.P.)
| | - Marino Paroli
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Surgical Sciences, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sapienza University of Rome c/o Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy; (R.C.); (M.P.)
| | - Manuela Di Franco
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (R.S.); (M.D.F.)
| | - Loretta Tuosto
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (L.T.); (R.S.); (M.T.F.)
| | - Rosa Sorrentino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (L.T.); (R.S.); (M.T.F.)
| | - Marco D’Abramo
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Fiorillo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (L.T.); (R.S.); (M.T.F.)
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Tedeschi V, Paldino G, Paladini F, Mattorre B, Tuosto L, Sorrentino R, Fiorillo MT. The Impact of the 'Mis-Peptidome' on HLA Class I-Mediated Diseases: Contribution of ERAP1 and ERAP2 and Effects on the Immune Response. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249608. [PMID: 33348540 PMCID: PMC7765998 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The strong association with the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I genes represents a shared trait for a group of autoimmune/autoinflammatory disorders having in common immunopathogenetic basis as well as clinical features. Accordingly, the main risk factors for Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), prototype of the Spondyloarthropathies (SpA), the Behçet's disease (BD), the Psoriasis (Ps) and the Birdshot Chorioretinopathy (BSCR) are HLA-B*27, HLA-B*51, HLA-C*06:02 and HLA-A*29:02, respectively. Despite the strength of the association, the HLA pathogenetic role in these diseases is far from being thoroughly understood. Furthermore, Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have highlighted other important susceptibility factors such as Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase (ERAP) 1 and, less frequently, ERAP2 that refine the peptidome presented by HLA class I molecules to CD8+ T cells. Mass spectrometry analysis provided considerable knowledge of HLA-B*27, HLA-B*51, HLA-C*06:02 and HLA-A*29:02 immunopeptidome. However, the combined effect of several ERAP1 and ERAP2 allelic variants could generate an altered pool of peptides accounting for the "mis-immunopeptidome" that ranges from suboptimal to pathogenetic/harmful peptides able to induce non-canonical or autoreactive CD8+ T responses, activation of NK cells and/or garbling the classical functions of the HLA class I molecules. This review will focus on this class of epitopes as possible elicitors of atypical/harmful immune responses which can contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Tedeschi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘Charles Darwin’, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (F.P.); (B.M.); (L.T.); (R.S.); (M.T.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Giorgia Paldino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘Charles Darwin’, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (F.P.); (B.M.); (L.T.); (R.S.); (M.T.F.)
| | - Fabiana Paladini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘Charles Darwin’, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (F.P.); (B.M.); (L.T.); (R.S.); (M.T.F.)
| | - Benedetta Mattorre
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘Charles Darwin’, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (F.P.); (B.M.); (L.T.); (R.S.); (M.T.F.)
| | - Loretta Tuosto
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘Charles Darwin’, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (F.P.); (B.M.); (L.T.); (R.S.); (M.T.F.)
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Rosa Sorrentino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘Charles Darwin’, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (F.P.); (B.M.); (L.T.); (R.S.); (M.T.F.)
| | - Maria Teresa Fiorillo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘Charles Darwin’, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.P.); (F.P.); (B.M.); (L.T.); (R.S.); (M.T.F.)
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Hanson AL, Nel HJ, Bradbury L, Phipps J, Thomas R, Lê Cao KA, Kenna TJ, Brown MA. Altered Repertoire Diversity and Disease-Associated Clonal Expansions Revealed by T Cell Receptor Immunosequencing in Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020; 72:1289-1302. [PMID: 32162785 DOI: 10.1002/art.41252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a common spondyloarthropathy primarily affecting the axial skeleton and strongly associated with HLA-B*27 carriage. Genetic evidence implicates both autoinflammatory processes and autoimmunity against an HLA-B*27-restricted autoantigen in immunopathology. In addition to articular symptoms, up to 70% of AS patients present with concurrent bowel inflammation, suggesting that adverse interactions between a genetically primed host immune system and the gut microbiome contribute to the disease. Accordingly, this study aimed to characterize adaptive immune responses to antigenic stimuli in AS. METHODS The peripheral CD4 and CD8 T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire was profiled in AS patients (n = 47) and HLA-B*27-matched healthy controls (n = 38). Repertoire diversity was estimated using the Normalized Shannon Diversity Entropy (NSDE) index, and univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed to characterize AS-associated clonal signatures. Furthermore, T cell proliferation and cytokine production in response to immunogenic antigen exposure were investigated in vitro in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from AS patients (n = 19) and HLA-B*27-matched healthy controls (n = 14). RESULTS Based on the NSDE measure of sample diversity across CD4 and CD8 T cell repertoires, AS patients showed increased TCR diversity compared to healthy controls (for CD4 T cells, P = 7.8 × 10-6 ; for CD8 T cells, P = 9.3 × 10-4 ), which was attributed to a significant reduction in the magnitude of peripheral T cell expansions globally. Upon in vitro stimulation, fewer T cells from AS patients than from healthy controls expressed interferon-γ (for CD8 T cells, P = 0.03) and tumor necrosis factor (for CD4 T cells, P = 0.01; for CD8 T cells, P = 0.002). In addition, the CD8 TCR signature was altered in HLA-B*27+ AS patients compared to healthy controls, with significantly expanded Epstein-Barr virus-specific clonotypes (P = 0.03) and cytomegalovirus-specific clonotypes (P = 0.02). HLA-B*27+ AS patients also showed an increased incidence of "public" CD8 TCRs, representing identical clonotypes emerging in response to common antigen encounters, including homologous clonotypes matching those previously isolated from individuals with bacterial-induced reactive arthritis. CONCLUSION The dynamics of peripheral T cell responses in AS patients are altered, suggesting that differential antigen exposure and disrupted adaptive immunity are underlying features of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee L Hanson
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hendrik J Nel
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Linda Bradbury
- Queensland University of Technology and Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Julie Phipps
- Queensland University of Technology and Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ranjeny Thomas
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Tony J Kenna
- Queensland University of Technology and Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Matthew A Brown
- Queensland University of Technology and Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, and Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, UK
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Tedeschi V, Alba J, Paladini F, Paroli M, Cauli A, Mathieu A, Sorrentino R, D'Abramo M, Fiorillo MT. Unusual Placement of an EBV Epitope into the Groove of the Ankylosing Spondylitis-Associated HLA-B27 Allele Allows CD8+ T Cell Activation. Cells 2019; 8:cells8060572. [PMID: 31212633 PMCID: PMC6627668 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The human leukocyte antigen HLA-B27 is a strong risk factor for Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), an immune-mediated disorder affecting axial skeleton and sacroiliac joints. Additionally, evidence exists sustaining a strong protective role for HLA-B27 in viral infections. These two aspects could stem from common molecular mechanisms. Recently, we have found that the HLA-B*2705 presents an EBV epitope (pEBNA3A-RPPIFIRRL), lacking the canonical B27 binding motif but known as immunodominant in the HLA-B7 context of presentation. Notably, 69% of B*2705 carriers, mostly patients with AS, possess B*2705-restricted, pEBNA3A-specific CD8+ T cells. Contrarily, the non-AS-associated B*2709 allele, distinguished from the B*2705 by the single His116Asp polymorphism, is unable to display this peptide and, accordingly, B*2709 healthy subjects do not unleash specific T cell responses. Herein, we investigated whether the reactivity towards pEBNA3A could be a side effect of the recognition of the natural longer peptide (pKEBNA3A) having the classical B27 consensus (KRPPIFIRRL). The stimulation of PBMC from B*2705 positive patients with AS in parallel with both pEBNA3A and pKEBNA3A did not allow to reach an unambiguous conclusion since the differences in the magnitude of the response measured as percentage of IFNγ-producing CD8+ T cells were not statistically significant. Interestingly, computational analysis suggested a structural shift of pEBNA3A as well as of pKEBNA3A into the B27 grooves, leaving the A pocket partially unfilled. To our knowledge this is the first report of a viral peptide: HLA-B27 complex recognized by TCRs in spite of a partially empty groove. This implies a rethinking of the actual B27 immunopeptidome crucial for viral immune-surveillance and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Tedeschi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Josephine Alba
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabiana Paladini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Marino Paroli
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alberto Cauli
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University and AOU of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Mathieu
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University and AOU of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Rosa Sorrentino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Marco D'Abramo
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Teresa Fiorillo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Hein Z, Borchert B, Tolba Abualrous E, Springer S. Distinct mechanisms survey the structural integrity of HLA-B*27:05 intracellularly and at the surface. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200811. [PMID: 30071035 PMCID: PMC6071996 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
HLA-B*27:05 is associated with the development of autoimmune spondyloarthropathies, but the precise causal relationship between the MHC haplotype and disease pathogenesis is yet to be elucidated. Studies focusing on the structure and cellular trafficking of HLA-B*27:05 implicate several links between the onset of inflammation and the unusual conformations of the molecule inside and at the surface of antigen presenting cells. Several lines of evidence emphasize the emergence of those unnatural protein conformations under conditions where peptide loading onto B*27:05 is impaired. To understand how cellular factors distinguish between poorly loaded molecules from the optimally loaded ones, we have investigated the intracellular transport, folding, and cell surface expression of this particular B27 subtype. Our findings show that B*27:05 is structurally unstable in the absence of peptide, and that an artificially introduced disulfide bond between residues 84 and 139 conferred enhanced conformational stability to the suboptimally loaded molecules. Empty or suboptimally loaded B*27:05 can escape intracellular retention and arrive at the cell surface leading to the appearance of increased number of β2m-free heavy chains. Our study reveals a general mechanism found in the early secretory pathways of murine and human cells that apply to the quality control of MHC class I molecules, and it highlights the allotype-specific structural features of HLA-B*27:05 that can be associated with aberrant antigen presentation and that might contribute to the etiology of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Hein
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University, Bremen, Germany
| | - Britta Borchert
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University, Bremen, Germany
| | - Esam Tolba Abualrous
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Freie Universität, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Springer
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University, Bremen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Cauli A, Dessole G, Piga M, Angioni MM, Pinna S, Floris A, Congia M, Mascia E, Paladini F, Tedeschi V, Sorrentino R, Fiorillo MT, Mathieu A. Expression analysis of HLA-E and NKG2A and NKG2C receptors points at a role for natural killer function in ankylosing spondylitis. RMD Open 2018; 4:e000597. [PMID: 30018803 PMCID: PMC6045714 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2017-000597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a complex chronic inflammatory disease strongly associated with the majority of human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 alleles. HLA-E molecules are non-classical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules that specifically interact with the natural killer receptors NKG2A (inhibitory) and NKG2C (activating), and have been recently proposed to be involved in AS pathogenesis.''. Objective To analyse the expression of HLA-E and the CD94/NKG2 pair of receptors in HLA-B27-positive patients with AS and healthy controls (HC) bearing the AS-associated B*2705 and the non-AS-associated B*2709 alleles. Methods The level of surface expression of HLA-E molecules on CD14+ peripheral blood mononuclear cell was evaluated in 21 HLA-B*2705 patients with AS, 12 HLA-B*2705 HC, 12 HLA-B*2709 HC and 6 HLA-B27-negative HC using the monoclonal antibody MEM-E/08 by quantitative cytofluorimetric analysis. The percentage and density of expression of HLA-E ligands NKG2A and NKG2C were also measured on CD3-CD56+ NK cells. Results HLA-E expression in CD14+ cells was significantly higher in patients with AS (587.0, IQR 424-830) compared with B*2705 HC (389, IQR 251.3-440.5; p=0.0007), B*2709 HC (294.5, IQR 209.5-422; p=0.0004) and HLA-B27-negative HC (380, IQR 197.3-515.0; p=0.01). A higher number of NK cells expressing NKG2A compared with NKG2C were found in all cohorts analysed, as well as a higher cell surface density. Conclusion The higher surface level of HLA-E molecules in patients with AS compared with HC, concurrently with a prevalent expression of NKG2A, suggests that the crosstalk between these two molecules might play a role in AS pathogenesis, accounting for the previously reported association between HLA-E and AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Cauli
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Grazia Dessole
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Matteo Piga
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Maddalena Angioni
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Silvia Pinna
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alberto Floris
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mattia Congia
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Enrico Mascia
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fabiana Paladini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Tedeschi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosa Sorrentino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Fiorillo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mathieu
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Paladini F, Fiorillo MT, Vitulano C, Tedeschi V, Piga M, Cauli A, Mathieu A, Sorrentino R. An allelic variant in the intergenic region between ERAP1 and ERAP2 correlates with an inverse expression of the two genes. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10398. [PMID: 29991817 PMCID: PMC6039459 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28799-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The Endoplasmatic Reticulum Aminopeptidases ERAP1 and ERAP2 are implicated in a variety of immune and non-immune functions. Most studies however have focused on their role in shaping the HLA class I peptidome by trimming peptides to the optimal size. Genome Wide Association Studies highlighted non-synonymous polymorphisms in their coding regions as associated with several immune mediated diseases. The two genes lie contiguous and oppositely oriented on the 5q15 chromosomal region. Very little is known about the transcriptional regulation and the quantitative variations of these enzymes. Here, we correlated the level of transcripts and proteins of the two aminopeptidases in B-lymphoblastoid cell lines from 44 donors harbouring allelic variants in the intergenic region between ERAP1 and ERAP2. We found that the presence of a G instead of an A at SNP rs75862629 in the ERAP2 gene promoter strongly influences the expression of the two ERAPs with a down-modulation of ERAP2 coupled with a significant higher expression of ERAP1. We therefore show here for the first time a coordinated quantitative regulation of the two ERAP genes, which can be relevant for the setting of specific therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Paladini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Teresa Fiorillo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Vitulano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Tedeschi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Piga
- Rheumatology Unit, University Clinic and AOU of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alberto Cauli
- Rheumatology Unit, University Clinic and AOU of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mathieu
- Rheumatology Unit, University Clinic and AOU of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rosa Sorrentino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
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Cui JH, Jin YB, Lin KR, Xiao P, Chen XP, Pan YM, Lin W, Wu ZC, Guo DM, Mao XF, Zhang CL, Lian WL, Luo W. Characterization of peripheral blood TCR repertoire in patients with ankylosing spondylitis by high-throughput sequencing. Hum Immunol 2018; 79:485-490. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Vitulano C, Tedeschi V, Paladini F, Sorrentino R, Fiorillo MT. The interplay between HLA-B27 and ERAP1/ERAP2 aminopeptidases: from anti-viral protection to spondyloarthritis. Clin Exp Immunol 2017; 190:281-290. [PMID: 28759104 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The human leukocyte antigen class I gene HLA-B27 is the strongest risk factor for ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a chronic inflammatory arthritic disorder. More recently, the Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase (ERAP) 1 and 2 genes have been identified by genome wide association studies (GWAS) as additional susceptibility factors. In the ER, these aminopeptidases trim the peptides to a length suitable to fit into the groove of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. It is noteworthy that an epistatic interaction between HLA-B27 and ERAP1, but not between HLA-B27 and ERAP2, has been highlighted. However, these observations suggest a paramount centrality for the HLA-B27 peptide repertoire that determines the natural B27 immunological function, i.e. the T cell antigen presentation and, as a by-product, elicits HLA-B27 aberrant behaviours: (i) the misfolding leading to ER stress responses and autophagy and (ii) the surface expression of homodimers acting as ligands for innate immune receptors. In this context, it has been observed that the HLA-B27 carriers, besides being prone to autoimmunity, display a far better surveillance to some viral infections. This review focuses on the ambivalent role of HLA-B27 in autoimmunity and viral protection correlating its functions to the quantitative and qualitative effects of ERAP1 and ERAP2 polymorphisms on their enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vitulano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - V Tedeschi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - F Paladini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - R Sorrentino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M T Fiorillo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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