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Wang Y, Huang L, Du F, Wang J, Zhao X, Li Z, Wang W, Xu J, Fu B. Comparative transcriptome and metabolome profiling reveal molecular mechanisms underlying OsDRAP1-mediated salt tolerance in rice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5166. [PMID: 33664392 PMCID: PMC7933422 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84638-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics data can provide detailed information for better understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying salt tolerance in rice. In the present study, we report a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome of rice overexpressing the OsDRAP1 gene, which encodes an ERF transcription factor and was previously identified to be conferring drought tolerance. Phenotypic analysis showed that OsDRAP1 overexpression (OE) improved salt tolerance by increasing the survival rate under salt stress. OsDRAP1 affected the physiological indices such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) to enhance redox homeostasis and membrane stability in response to salt stress. Higher basal expression of OsDRAP1 resulted in differential expression of genes that potentially function in intrinsic salt tolerance. A core set of genes with distinct functions in transcriptional regulation, organelle gene expression and ion transport were substantially up-regulated in the OE line in response to salt stress, implying their important role in OsDRAP1-mediated salt tolerance. Correspondingly, metabolome profiling detected a number of differentially metabolites in the OE line relative to the wild type under salt stress. These metabolites, including amino acids (proline, valine), organic acids (glyceric acid, phosphoenolpyruvic acid and ascorbic acid) and many secondary metabolites, accumulated to higher levels in the OE line, demonstrating their role in salt tolerance. Integration of transcriptome and metabolome analysis highlights the crucial role of amino acids and carbohydrate metabolism pathways in OsDRAP1-mediated salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinxiao Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Zhong-Guan-Cun Street 12#, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Liyu Huang
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Zhong-Guan-Cun Street 12#, Beijing, 100081, China.,School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,Research Center for Perennial Rice Engineering and Technology of Yunnan, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, China
| | - Fengping Du
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Zhong-Guan-Cun Street 12#, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Zhong-Guan-Cun Street 12#, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiuqin Zhao
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Zhong-Guan-Cun Street 12#, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhikang Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Zhong-Guan-Cun Street 12#, Beijing, 100081, China.,School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Wensheng Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Zhong-Guan-Cun Street 12#, Beijing, 100081, China. .,School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.
| | - Jianlong Xu
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Zhong-Guan-Cun Street 12#, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Binying Fu
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South Zhong-Guan-Cun Street 12#, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Abstract
Fungi produce mycotoxins in the presence of appropriate temperature, humidity, sufficient nutrients and if the density of the mushroom mass is favorable. Although all mycotoxins are of fungal origin, all toxic compounds produced by fungi are not called mycotoxins. The interest in mycotoxins first started in the 1960s, and today the interest in mycotoxin-induced diseases has increased. To date, 400 mycotoxins have been identified and the most important species producing mycotoxins belongs to Aspergillus, Penicillium, Alternaria and Fusarium genera. Mycotoxins are classified as hepatotoxins, nephrotoxins, neurotoxins, immunotoxins etc. In this review genotoxic and also other health effects of some major mycotoxin groups like Aflatoxins, Ochratoxins, Patulin, Fumonisins, Zearalenone, Trichothecenes and Ergot alkaloids were deeply analyzed.
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Kumari I, Ahmed M, Akhter Y. Multifaceted impact of trichothecene metabolites on plant-microbe interactions and human health. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:5759-71. [PMID: 27198722 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7599-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fungi present in rhizosphere produce trichothecene metabolites which are small in size and amphipathic in nature and some of them may cross cell membranes passively. Hypocreaceae family of rhizosphere fungi produce trichothecene molecules, however it is not a mandatory characteristic of all genera. Some of these molecules are also reported as growth adjuvant, while others are reported as deleterious for the plant growth. In this review, we are exploring the roles of these compounds during plant-microbe interactions. The three-way interaction among the plants, symbiotic microbial agents (fungi and bacteria), and the pathogenic microbes (bacteria, fungi) or multicellular pathogens like nematodes involving these compounds may only help us to understand better the complex processes happening in the microcosm of rhizosphere. These metabolites may further modulate the activity of different proteins involved in the cell signalling events of defence-related response in plants. That may induce the defence system against pathogens and growth promoting gene expression in plants, while in animal cells, these molecules have reported biochemical and pharmacological effects such as inducing oxidative stress, cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis, and may be involved in maintenance of membrane integrity. The biochemistry, chemical structures and specific functional group-mediated activity of these compounds have not been studied in details yet. Few of these molecules are also recently reported as novel anti-cancer agent against human chondrosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indu Kumari
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Shahpur, Kangra District, Himachal Pradesh, 176206, India
| | - Mushtaq Ahmed
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Shahpur, Kangra District, Himachal Pradesh, 176206, India
| | - Yusuf Akhter
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Shahpur, Kangra District, Himachal Pradesh, 176206, India.
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Koyama N, Nishida Y, Ishii T, Yoshida T, Furukawa Y, Narahara H. Telmisartan induces growth inhibition, DNA double-strand breaks and apoptosis in human endometrial cancer cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93050. [PMID: 24667764 PMCID: PMC3965508 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Telmisartan, an angiotensin II receptor type 1 blocker, is often used as an antihypertension drug, and it has also been characterized as a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) ligand. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the antitumor effects of telmisartan on endometrial cancer cells. We treated three endometrial cancer cell lines with various concentrations of telmisartan, and we investigated the effects of the telmisartan on the cell proliferation, apoptosis, and their related measurements in vitro. We also administered telmisartan to nude mice with experimental tumors to determine its in vivo effects and toxicity. All three endometrial cancer cell lines were sensitive to the growth-inhibitory effect of telmisartan. The induction of apoptosis was confirmed in concert with the altered expression of genes and proteins related to the apoptosis. We also observed that DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) were induced in HHUA (human endometrial cancer) cells by telmisartan treatment. In addition, experiments in nude mice showed that telmisartan significantly inhibited human endometrial tumor growth, without toxic side effects. Our results suggest that telmisartan might be a new therapeutic option for the treatment of endometrial cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Koyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nishida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Terukazu Ishii
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Toshie Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Yuichi Furukawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Hisashi Narahara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
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