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de Souza FS, de Veras BO, Lucena LDM, Casoti R, Martins RD, Ximenes RM. Antivenom potential of the latex of Jatropha mutabilis baill. (Euphorbiaceae) against Tityus stigmurus venom: Evaluating its ability to neutralize toxins and local effects in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 335:118642. [PMID: 39098623 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Species of the Jatropha genus (Euphorbiaceae) are used indiscriminately in traditional medicine to treat accidents involving venomous animals. Jatropha mutabilis Baill., popularly known as "pinhão-de-seda," is found in the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil. It is widely used as a vermifuge, depurative, laxative, and antivenom. AIM OF THE STUDY Obtaining the phytochemical profile of the latex of Jatropha mutabilis (JmLa) and evaluate its acute oral toxicity and inhibitory effects against the venom of the scorpion Tityus stigmurus (TstiV). MATERIALS AND METHODS The latex of J. mutabilis (JmLa) was obtained through in situ incisions in the stem and characterized using HPLC-ESI-QToF-MS. Acute oral toxicity was investigated in mice. The protein profile of T. stigmurus venom was obtained by electrophoresis. The ability of latex to interact with venom components (TstiV) was assessed using SDS-PAGE, UV-Vis scanning spectrum, and the neutralization of fibrinogenolytic and hyaluronidase activities. Additionally, the latex was evaluated in vivo for its ability to inhibit local edematogenic and nociceptive effects induced by the venom. RESULTS The phytochemical profile of the latex revealed the presence of 75 compounds, including cyclic peptides, glycosides, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, coumarins, and terpenoids, among others. No signs of acute toxicity were observed at a dose of 2000 mg/kg (p.o.). The latex interacted with the protein profile of TstiV, inhibiting the venom's fibrinogenolytic and hyaluronidase activities by 100%. Additionally, the latex was able to mitigate local envenomation effects, reducing nociception by up to 56.5% and edema by up to 50% compared to the negative control group. CONCLUSIONS The latex of Jatropha mutabilis exhibits a diverse phytochemical composition, containing numerous classes of metabolites. It does not present acute toxic effects in mice and has the ability to inhibit the enzymatic effects of Tityus stigmurus venom in vitro. Additionally, it reduces nociception and edema in vivo. These findings corroborate popular reports regarding the antivenom activity of this plant and indicate that the latex has potential for treating scorpionism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Santana de Souza
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology and Phytochemistry, Department of Antibiotics, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50740-525, Brazil
| | - Bruno Oliveira de Veras
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology and Phytochemistry, Department of Antibiotics, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50740-525, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Lorena de Mendonça Lucena
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Metabolomics Analysis, Department of Antibiotics, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50740-525, Brazil
| | - Rosana Casoti
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Metabolomics Analysis, Department of Antibiotics, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50740-525, Brazil
| | - René Duarte Martins
- Nucleus of Public Health, Academic Center of Vitória, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, 55608-680, Brazil
| | - Rafael Matos Ximenes
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology and Phytochemistry, Department of Antibiotics, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50740-525, Brazil.
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Desai N, Pande S, Salave S, Singh TRR, Vora LK. Antitoxin nanoparticles: design considerations, functional mechanisms, and applications in toxin neutralization. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:104060. [PMID: 38866357 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The application of nanotechnology has significantly advanced the development of novel platforms that enhance disease treatment and diagnosis. A key innovation in this field is the creation of antitoxin nanoparticles (ATNs), designed to address toxin exposure. These precision-engineered nanosystems have unique physicochemical properties and selective binding capabilities, allowing them to effectively capture and neutralize toxins from various biological, chemical, and environmental sources. In this review, we thoroughly examine their therapeutic and diagnostic potential for managing toxin-related challenges. We also explore recent advancements and offer critical insights into the design and clinical implementation of ATNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimeet Desai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana, India
| | - Shreya Pande
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana, India
| | - Sagar Salave
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Gujarat, India
| | | | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
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Sahare P, Alvarez PG, Yanez JMS, Bárcenas JGL, Chakraborty S, Paul S, Estevez M. Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 13:201-218. [PMID: 35223351 PMCID: PMC8848344 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.13.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Significant advancement in the field of nanotechnology has raised the possibility of applying potent engineered biocompatible nanomaterials within biological systems for theranostic purposes. Titanium dioxide (titanium(IV) oxide/titania/TiO2) has garnered considerable attention as one of the most extensively studied metal oxides in clinical applications. Owing to the unique properties of titania, such as photocatalytic activity, excellent biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and low toxicity, titania nanomaterials have revolutionized therapeutic approaches. Additionally, titania provides an exceptional choice for developing innovative medical devices and the integration of functional moieties that can modulate the biological responses. Thus, the current review aims to present a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of TiO2-based nanotherapeutics and the corresponding future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmavati Sahare
- Centre of Applied Physics and Advanced Technologies (CFATA), National Autonomous University of Mexico, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Paulina Govea Alvarez
- Centre of Applied Physics and Advanced Technologies (CFATA), National Autonomous University of Mexico, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Juan Manual Sanchez Yanez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico
| | | | - Samik Chakraborty
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, CP 76130 Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Miriam Estevez
- Centre of Applied Physics and Advanced Technologies (CFATA), National Autonomous University of Mexico, Queretaro, Mexico
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Proença-Assunção JDC, Farias-de-França AP, Tribuiani N, Cogo JC, Collaço RDC, Randazzo-Moura P, Consonni SR, Chaud MV, Dos Santos CA, Oshima-Franco Y. The Influence of Silver Nanoparticles Against Toxic Effects of Philodryas olfersii Venom. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:3555-3564. [PMID: 34079248 PMCID: PMC8164871 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s293366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose A silver nanoparticle obtained by reducing salts with solid dispersion of curcumin (130 nm, 0.081 mg mL−1) was used to counteract against the toxic – edematogenic, myotoxic, and neurotoxic – effects of Philodryas olfersii venom. Methods The edematogenic effect was evaluated by plasma extravasation in rat dorsal skin after injection of 50 µg per site of venom alone or preincubated with 1, 10, and 100 µL of AgNPs; the myotoxicity was evaluated by measuring the creatine kinase released into the organ-bath before the treatment and at the end of each experiment; and neurotoxicity was evaluated in chick biventer cervicis using the conventional myographic technique, face to the exogenous acetylcholine (ACh) and potassium chloride (KCl) added into the bath before the treatment and after each experiment. Preliminarily, a concentration-response curve of AgNPs was carried out to select the concentration to be used for neutralizing assays, which consists of neutralizing the venom-induced neuromuscular paralysis and edema by preincubating AgNPs with venom for 30 min. Results The P. olfersii venom-induced edema (n=6) and a complete neuromuscular blockade (n=4) that includes the total and unrecovered block of ACh and KCl contractures. AgNPs produced a concentration-dependent decrease the venom-induced edema (n=6) from 223.3% to 134.4% and to 100.5% after 10 and 100 µL AgNPs-preincubation, respectively. The preincubation of venom with AgNPs (1 µL; n=6) was able to maintain 46.5 ± 10.9% of neuromuscular response under indirect stimuli, 39.2 ± 9.7% of extrinsic nicotinic receptors functioning in absence of electrical stimulus and 28.3 ± 8.1% of responsiveness to potassium on the sarcolemmal membrane. The CK release was not affected by any experimental protocol which was like control. Conclusion AgNPs interact with constituents of P. olfersii venom responsible for the edema-forming activity and neuromuscular blockade, but not on the sarcolemma membrane-acting constituents. The protective effect of the studied AgNPs on avian preparation points out to molecular targets as intrinsic and extrinsic nicotinic receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Natalia Tribuiani
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba (Uniso), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Jose Carlos Cogo
- Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering Programs, Technological and Scientific Institute, Brazil University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cássia Collaço
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Priscila Randazzo-Moura
- Department of Surgery, Pontifícia Universidade Católica De São Paulo (PUCSP), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Sílvio Roberto Consonni
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco Vinicius Chaud
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba (Uniso), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Yoko Oshima-Franco
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba (Uniso), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
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Singh P, Yasir M, Khare R, Shrivastava R. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Indian male fern ( Dryopteris Cochleata), operational parameters, characterization and bioactivity on Naja naja venom neutralization. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2020; 9:706-713. [PMID: 33178431 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaa070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Snakebite is considered as one of the acute severe medical problems across the world. Snake venoms composed of various group of toxins, enzymes and non-toxic enzymes. Phospholipases A2 present in Naja naja snake venom plays a significant role in lipid signalling and contributes to different inflammation in the human body. Dryopteris cochleata rhizomes have antioxidant, antimicrobial property and used to treat lesions, gonorrhoea, sores, muscular pain, rheumatic and also useful in dog and snake bites. In this study, Indian male fern D. cochleata rhizomes have been used for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles with the aim to increase the bioactivity of plant extract and to evaluate N. naja snake venom inhibition activity of prepared nanoparticles. Green synthesized nanoparticles were characterized with the help of ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and atomic force microscopy. Naja naja venom inhibition activity of nanoparticles was performed using in vitro phospholipases A2 assay and tissue damage activity. The results showed that surface plasmon resonance maxima peaks of nanoparticles were observed at 424 nm. Average particle size was around 35 nm, with a spherical shape. Neutralization results exhibited that synthesized silver nanoparticles from D. cochleata decreased percentage of tissue damage, resulting in significant inhibition of phospholipase A2 and N. naja snake venom. Results concluded that green synthesized silver nanoparticles from D. cochleata rhizome neutralize N. naja snake venom activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpendra Singh
- Department of Biological Science and Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal 462003, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad Yasir
- Department of Biological Science and Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal 462003, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ruchi Khare
- Department of Biological Science and Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal 462003, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Rahul Shrivastava
- Department of Biological Science and Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal 462003, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Jaiswal VD, Dongre P. Biophysical interactions between silver nanoparticle-albumin interface and curcumin. J Pharm Anal 2020; 10:164-177. [PMID: 32373388 PMCID: PMC7193065 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Active targeted drug delivery methods facilitate effective uptake of functionalized nanoparticles through receptor-mediated transcytosis. In recent years, albumin-nanoparticle interaction has been critically examined so that this functionalized nanoparticle can be efficiently loaded with drugs. The present investigation aims at understanding the adsorption of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) on Silver Nanoparticle (SNP) surface, preparation of soft conjugates (SC) and hard conjugates (HC) of BSA-functionalized SNP (SNP-BSA), and their interaction with curcumin (CUR). HC contains tightly bound BSA whereas SC involves tightly and loosely bound BSA. Increase in the hydrodynamic radii of conjugates was observed upon SNP incubation with increased concentration of BSA. Three different SNP-BSA conjugate ratios were selected to study their interaction with CUR. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed a strong association between CUR and SNP:BSA conjugates. However, binding varied with a change in the conjugate ratio. Circular Dichroism (CD)/Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed the alterations in the secondary structure of BSA upon CUR binding to the conjugates. Zeta potential data indicated stable conjugate formation. CUR in SNP:BSA conjugate was found to have a higher half-life as compared to the control. We believe that this is the first biophysical characterization report of conjugates that can be effectively extrapolated for targeted drug delivery. Soft Conjugates (SC) and Hard conjugates (HC) of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and Silver nanoparticles (SNP) were prepared and interaction with anticancer drug CUR was explored. Binding number and adsorption capacity of drug was identified. Conformational and microenvironment changes in adsorbed BSA upon SNP and CUR interaction were investigated. Best possible conjugates were identified for efficient loading of CUR drug. Drug designed can be further studied for its interaction with glycoprotein receptor present on the diseased (cancerous) cell.
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