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Cot M, Mijas G, Prieto-Fuentes R, Riba-Moliner M, Cayuela D. The Influence of Titanium Dioxide (TiO 2) Particle Size and Crystalline Form on the Microstructure and UV Protection Factor of Polyester Substrates. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:475. [PMID: 38399855 PMCID: PMC10892853 DOI: 10.3390/polym16040475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The inclusion of particles in a polymeric substrate to achieve certain properties is a well-known practice. In the case of textile substrates, this practice may deeply affect the structure of the produced yarns, as even a filament with no textile applications can be obtained. In this manuscript, titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles were incorporated into polyester (PET) chips and the influence of these fillers on the properties of yarn and fabric, and the ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) was assessed. For this purpose, rutile and anatase crystalline forms of TiO2, as well as the size of the particles, were evaluated. Moreover, parameters such as mechanical properties, orientation of the macromolecules and thermal behavior were analyzed to ensure that the textile grade is maintained throughout the production process. The results showed that the inclusion of micro- and nanoparticles of TiO2 decreases the molecular weight and tenacity of PET. Also, although orientation and crystallinity varied during the textile process, the resulting heatset fabrics did not present important differences in those parameters. Finally, the attainment of textile-grade PET-TiO2 fabrics with UPF indexes of 50+ with both rutile and anatase and micro- and nano-sized TiO2 forms was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Cot
- Terrassa Institute of Textile Research and Industrial Cooperation (INTEXTER), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08222 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Gabriela Mijas
- Terrassa Institute of Textile Research and Industrial Cooperation (INTEXTER), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08222 Terrassa, Spain
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering (CEM), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08222 Terrassa, Spain
- Fundación Asociación de Becarios Retornados EC (ABREC), Quito 170518, Ecuador
| | - Remedios Prieto-Fuentes
- Terrassa Institute of Textile Research and Industrial Cooperation (INTEXTER), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08222 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Marta Riba-Moliner
- Terrassa Institute of Textile Research and Industrial Cooperation (INTEXTER), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08222 Terrassa, Spain
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering (CEM), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08222 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Diana Cayuela
- Terrassa Institute of Textile Research and Industrial Cooperation (INTEXTER), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08222 Terrassa, Spain
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering (CEM), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08222 Terrassa, Spain
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Yang L, Gao X, Li J, Gao Y, Zhang M, Bai Y, Liu G, Dong H, Sheng L, Wang T, Huang X, He J. Anchoring Carbon Spheres on Titanium Dioxide Modified Commercial Polyethylene (PE) Separator to Suppress Lithium Dendrites for Lithium Metal Batteries. Small 2024:e2310915. [PMID: 38267813 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Lithium dendrites are easily generated for excessively-solved lithium ions (Li+ ) inside the lithium metal batteries, which will lead serious safety issues. In this experiment, carbon spheres (CS) are successfully anchored on TiO2 (CS@TiO2 ) in the hydrothermal polymerization, which is filtrated on the commercial PE separator (CS@TiO2 @PE). The negative charge in CS can suppress random diffusion of anions through electrostatic interactions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that CS contributes to the desolvation of Li+ , thereby increasing the migration rate of Li+ . Furthermore, TiO2 exhibits high affinity to liquid electrolytes and acts as a physical barrier to lithium dendrite formation. CS@TiO2 is a combination of the advantages of CS and TiO2 . As results, the Li+ transference number of the CS@TiO2 @PE separator can be promoted to 0.63. The Li||Li cell with the CS@TiO2 @PE separator exhibits a stable cycle performance for more than 600 h and lower polarization voltage (17 mV) at 1 mA cm-2 . The coulombic efficiency (CE) of the Li||Cu cells employe the CS@TiO2 @PE separator is 81.63% over 130 cycles. The discharge capacity of LiFePO4 ||Li cells based on the CS@TiO2 @PE separator is 1.73 mAh (capacity retention = 91.53% after 260 cycles). Thus, the CS@TiO2 layer inhibits lithium dendrite formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yang
- College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210016, China
| | - Xingxu Gao
- College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210016, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210016, China
| | - Yong Gao
- College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210016, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210016, China
| | - Yaozong Bai
- Sinoma Lithium Battery Separator Co. Ltd, ZaoZhuang, Shandong, 277500, China
| | - Gaojun Liu
- Sinoma Lithium Battery Separator Co. Ltd, ZaoZhuang, Shandong, 277500, China
| | - Haoyu Dong
- Sinoma Lithium Battery Separator Co. Ltd, ZaoZhuang, Shandong, 277500, China
| | - Lei Sheng
- Sinoma Lithium Battery Separator Co. Ltd, ZaoZhuang, Shandong, 277500, China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210016, China
| | - Xianli Huang
- College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210016, China
| | - Jianping He
- College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210016, China
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Malec D, Warszyńska M, Repetowski P, Siomchen A, Dąbrowski JM. Enhancing Visible-Light Photocatalysis with Pd(II) Porphyrin-Based TiO 2 Hybrid Nanomaterials: Preparation, Characterization, ROS Generation, and Photocatalytic Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:7819. [PMID: 38067548 PMCID: PMC10707769 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Novel hybrid TiO2-based materials were obtained by adsorption of two different porphyrins on the surface of nanoparticles-commercially available 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (TPPS) and properly modified metalloporphyrin-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(2,6-difluoro-3-sulfophenyl)porphyrin palladium(II) (PdF2POH). The immobilization of porphyrins on the surface of TiO2 was possible due to the presence of sulfonyl groups. To further elevate the adsorption of porphyrin, an anchoring linker-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA)-was used. The synthesis of hybrid materials was proven by electronic absorption spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and photoelectrochemistry. Results prove the successful photosensitization of TiO2 to visible light by both porphyrins. However, the presence of the palladium ion in the modifier structure played a key role in strong adsorption, enhanced charge separation, and thus effective photosensitization. The incorporation of halogenated metalloporphyrins into TiO2 facilitates the enhancement of the comprehensive characteristics of the investigated materials and enables the evaluation of their performance under visible light. The effectiveness of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was also determined. Porphyrin-based materials with the addition of PHBA seemed to generate ROS more effectively than other composites. Interestingly, modifications influenced the generation of singlet oxygen for TPPS but not hydroxyl radical, in contrast to PdF2POH, where singlet oxygen generation was not influenced but hydroxyl radical generation was increased. Palladium (II) porphyrin-modified materials were characterized by higher photostability than TPPS-based nanostructures, as TPPS@PHBA-P25 materials showed the highest singlet oxygen generation and may be oxidized during light exposure. Photocatalytic activity tests with two model pollutants-methylene blue (MB) and the opioid drug tramadol (TRML)-confirmed the light dose-dependent degradation of those two compounds, especially PdF2POH@P25, which led to the virtually complete degradation of MB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Malec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; (D.M.); (M.W.); (P.R.); (A.S.)
| | - Marta Warszyńska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; (D.M.); (M.W.); (P.R.); (A.S.)
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Repetowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; (D.M.); (M.W.); (P.R.); (A.S.)
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anton Siomchen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; (D.M.); (M.W.); (P.R.); (A.S.)
| | - Janusz M. Dąbrowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; (D.M.); (M.W.); (P.R.); (A.S.)
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Pemas S, Xanthopoulou E, Terzopoulou Z, Konstantopoulos G, Bikiaris DN, Kottaridi C, Tzovaras D, Pechlivani EM. Exploration of Methodologies for Developing Antimicrobial Fused Filament Fabrication Parts. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6937. [PMID: 37959534 PMCID: PMC10649695 DOI: 10.3390/ma16216937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Composite 3D printing filaments integrating antimicrobial nanoparticles offer inherent microbial resistance, mitigating contamination and infections. Developing antimicrobial 3D-printed plastics is crucial for tailoring medical solutions, such as implants, and cutting costs when compared with metal options. Furthermore, hospital sustainability can be enhanced via on-demand 3D printing of medical tools. A PLA-based filament incorporating 5% TiO2 nanoparticles and 2% Joncryl as a chain extender was formulated to offer antimicrobial properties. Comparative analysis encompassed PLA 2% Joncryl filament and a TiO2 coating for 3D-printed specimens, evaluating mechanical and thermal properties, as well as wettability and antimicrobial characteristics. The antibacterial capability of the filaments was explored after 3D printing against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus, ATCC 25923), as well as Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli, ATCC 25922), and the filaments with 5 wt.% embedded TiO2 were found to reduce the viability of both bacteria. This research aims to provide the optimal approach for antimicrobial and medical 3D printing outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios Pemas
- Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Information Technologies Institute, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.P.); (D.T.)
| | - Eleftheria Xanthopoulou
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers and Colors, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.X.); (D.N.B.)
| | - Zoi Terzopoulou
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers and Colors, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.X.); (D.N.B.)
| | - Georgios Konstantopoulos
- Laboratory of General Microbiology, Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.K.); (C.K.)
| | - Dimitrios N. Bikiaris
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers and Colors, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.X.); (D.N.B.)
| | - Christine Kottaridi
- Laboratory of General Microbiology, Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.K.); (C.K.)
| | - Dimitrios Tzovaras
- Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Information Technologies Institute, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.P.); (D.T.)
| | - Eleftheria Maria Pechlivani
- Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Information Technologies Institute, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.P.); (D.T.)
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Lin JH, Lin YY, Sue YM, Lin MC, Chen YS, Lou CW. Long-Lasting Electret Melt-Blown Nonwoven Functional Filters Made of Organic/Inorganixc Macromolecular Micron Materials: Manufacturing Techniques and Property Evaluations. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102306. [PMID: 37242880 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Melt-blown nonwoven fabrics for filtration are usually manufactured using polypropylene, but after a certain time period the middle layer of the mask may have a reduced effect on adsorbing particles and may not be easily stored. Adding electret materials not only increases storage time, but also shows in this study that the addition of electret can improve filtration efficiency. Therefore, this experiment uses a melt-blown method to prepare a nonwoven layer, and adds MMT, CNT, and TiO2 electret materials to it for experiments. Polypropylene (PP) chip, montmorillonite (MMT) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) powders, and carbon nanotube (CNT) are blended and made into compound masterbatch pellets using a single-screw extruder. The resulting compound pellets thus contain different combinations of PP, MMT, TiO2, and CNT. Next, a hot pressor is used to make the compound chips into a high-poly film, which is then measured with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The optimal parameters are yielded and employed to form the PP/MMT/TiO2 nonwoven fabrics and PP/MMT/CNT nonwoven fabrics. The basis weight, thickness, diameter, pore size, fiber covering ratio, air permeability, and tensile property of different nonwoven fabrics are evaluated in order to have the optimal group of PP-based melt-blown nonwoven fabrics. According to the results of DSC and FTIR measurements, PP and MMT, CNT, and TiO2 are completely mixed, and the melting temperature (Tm), crystallization temperature (Tc) and endotherm area are changed accordingly. The difference in enthalpy of melting changes the crystallization of PP pellets, which in turn changes the fibers. Moreover, the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy results substantiate that PP pellets are well blended with CNT and MMT, according to the comparisons of characteristic peaks. Finally, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation suggests that with a spinning die temperature of 240 °C and a spinning die pressure lower than 0.01 MPa, the compound pellets can be successfully formed into melt-blown nonwoven fabrics with a 10-micrometer diameter. The proposed melt-blown nonwoven fabrics can be processed with electret to form long-lasting electret melt-blown nonwoven filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Horng Lin
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Laboratory of Fiber Application and Manufacturing, Advanced Medical Care and Protection Technology Research Center, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407102, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
- Advanced Medical Care and Protection Technology Research Center, College of Textile and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yan-Yu Lin
- Laboratory of Fiber Application and Manufacturing, Advanced Medical Care and Protection Technology Research Center, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407102, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Min Sue
- Laboratory of Fiber Application and Manufacturing, Advanced Medical Care and Protection Technology Research Center, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407102, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chen Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Sheng Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wen Lou
- Advanced Medical Care and Protection Technology Research Center, College of Textile and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Novel Functional Fibers and Materials, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
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Zemtsova EG, Kozlova LA, Yudintceva NM, Sokolova DN, Arbenin AY, Ponomareva AN, Korusenko PM, Kraeva LA, Rogacheva EV, Smirnov VM. Creation of a Composite Bioactive Coating with Antibacterial Effect Promising for Bone Implantation. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031416. [PMID: 36771083 PMCID: PMC9919298 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
When creating titanium-containing bone implants, the bioactive coatings that promote their rapid engraftment are important. The engraftment rate of titanium implants with bone tissue depends significantly on the modification of the implant surface. It is achieved by changing either the relief or the chemical composition of the surface layer, as well as a combination of these two factors. In this work, we studied the creation of composite coatings with a two-level (the micro- and nanolevel) hierarchy of the surface relief, which have bioactive and bactericidal properties, which are promising for bone implantation. Using the developed non-lithographic template electrochemical synthesis, a composite coating on titanium with a controlled surface structure was created based on an island-type TiO2 film, silver and hydroxyapatite (HAp). This TiO2/Ag/HAp composite coating has a developed surface relief at the micro- and nanolevels and has a significant cytological response and the ability to accelerate osteosynthesis, and also has an antibacterial effect. Thus, the developed biomaterial is suitable for production of dental and orthopedic implants with improved biomedical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena G. Zemtsova
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-812-428-4033
| | - Lada A. Kozlova
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Natalia M. Yudintceva
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Tikhoretsky pr 4, 194064 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Daria N. Sokolova
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey Yu. Arbenin
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexandra N. Ponomareva
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Petr M. Korusenko
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ludmila A. Kraeva
- Pasteur Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 14 Mira Street, 197101 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elizaveta V. Rogacheva
- Pasteur Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 14 Mira Street, 197101 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir M. Smirnov
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Silva-Galindo G, Zapata-Torres M. Synthesis and Characterization of TiO 2 Thick Films for Glucose Sensing. Biosensors (Basel) 2022; 12:973. [PMID: 36354482 PMCID: PMC9687897 DOI: 10.3390/bios12110973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present the results of a non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose biosensor based on TiO2. An anatase working electrode was synthesized using the spin coating technique with the polymeric precursor method and dispersed TiO2 nanoparticles. Through scanning electron microscopy, it was observed that the electrode presented an irregular surface with clusters of nanoparticles. Electrochemical characterization indicated that the response was directly related to the morphology of the electrode. In the presence of glucose, the electrode exhibited adsorption behavior toward the molecules, enabling their recognition. The electrode was tested by employing PBS (phosphate buffer solutions) with varying pH values (from 4 to 9), demonstrating its electrochemical stability, even in the presence of glucose. Amperometric characterization was used to determine that the working region appeared from 0.2 mM to 2 mM, with a sensitivity of 4.46 μAcm-2mM-1 in PBS pH 7. The obtained results suggest that TiO2-based electrodes could be used for the detection of glucose concentration in sweat (0.277-1 mM) and saliva (0.23-1.77 mM).
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Kerek Á, Sasvári M, Jerzsele Á, Somogyi Z, Janovák L, Abonyi-Tóth Z, Dékány I. Photoreactive Coating Material as an Effective and Durable Antimicrobial Composite in Reducing Bacterial Load on Surfaces in Livestock. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092312. [PMID: 36140413 PMCID: PMC9496029 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a well-known photocatalytic compound that can be used to effectively reduce the presence of pathogens in human and animal hospitals via ROS release. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a polymer-based composite layer containing TiO2 and zinc oxide (ZnO) against Escherichia coli (E. coli) of animal origin. We showed that the photocatalyst coating caused a significant (p < 0.001) reduction in pathogen numbers compared to the control with an average reduction of 94% over 30 min. We used six light sources of different wattages (4 W, 7 W, 9 W, 12 W, 18 W, 36 W) at six distances (35 cm, 100 cm, 150 cm, 200 cm, 250 cm, 300 cm). Samples (n = 2160) were taken in the 36 settings and showed no significant difference in efficacy between light intensity and distance. We also investigated the influence of organic contaminant that resulted in lower activity as well as the effect of a water jet and a high-pressure device on the antibacterial activity. We found that the latter completely removed the coating from the surface, which significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced its antibacterial potential. As a conclusion, light intensity and distance does not reduce the efficacy of the polymer, but the presence of organic contaminants does.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Kerek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István Street 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence: (Á.K.); (I.D.)
| | - Mátyás Sasvári
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István Street 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ákos Jerzsele
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István Street 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Somogyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István Street 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Janovák
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Abonyi-Tóth
- Department of Biomathematics and Informatics, University of Veterinary Medicine, István Street 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Imre Dékány
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Correspondence: (Á.K.); (I.D.)
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Kobkeatthawin T, Chaveanghong S, Trakulmututa J, Amornsakchai T, Kajitvichyanukul P, Smith SM. Photocatalytic Activity of TiO 2/g-C 3N 4 Nanocomposites for Removal of Monochlorophenols from Water. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:2852. [PMID: 36014720 PMCID: PMC9414261 DOI: 10.3390/nano12162852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This research employed g-C3N4 nanosheets in the hydrothermal synthesis of TiO2/g-C3N4 hybrid photocatalysts. The TiO2/g-C3N4 heterojunctions, well-dispersed TiO2 nanoparticles on the g-C3N4 nanosheets, are effective photocatalysts for the degradation of monochlorophenols (MCPs: 2-CP, 3-CP, and 4-CP) which are prominent water contaminants. The removal efficiency of 2-CP and 4-CP reached 87% and 64%, respectively, after treatment of 25 ppm CP solutions with the photocatalyst (40TiO2/g-C3N4, 1 g/L) and irradiation with UV-Vis light. Treatment of CP solutions with g-C3N4 nanosheets or TiO2 alone in conjunction with irradiation gave removal efficiencies lower than 50%, which suggests the two act synergically to enhance the photocatalytic activity of the 40TiO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite. Superoxide and hydroxyl radicals are key active species produced during CP photodegradation. In addition, the observed nitrogen and Ti3+ defects and oxygen vacancies in the TiO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposites may improve the light-harvesting ability of the composite and assist preventing rapid electron-hole recombination on the surface, enhancing the photocatalytic performance. In addition, interfacial interactions between the MCPs (low polarity) and thermally exfoliated carbon nitride in the TiO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposites may also enhance MCP degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thawanrat Kobkeatthawin
- Center of Sustainable Energy and Green Materials and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon Sai 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Suwilai Chaveanghong
- Center of Sustainable Energy and Green Materials and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon Sai 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Jirawat Trakulmututa
- Center of Sustainable Energy and Green Materials and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon Sai 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Taweechai Amornsakchai
- Center of Sustainable Energy and Green Materials and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon Sai 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, 272 Rama VI Road, Rajthevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Puangrat Kajitvichyanukul
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Muang District, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Sustainable Engineering Research Center for Pollution and Environmental Management, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Muang District, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Siwaporn Meejoo Smith
- Center of Sustainable Energy and Green Materials and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon Sai 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
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Kim H, An J, Maeng S, Shin JS, Choi E, Yun JY. Decomposition Characteristics of the TTIP (Tetraisopropyl Orthotitanate) Precursor for Atomic Layer Deposition. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:3021. [PMID: 35591355 PMCID: PMC9100524 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The decomposition of tetraisopropyl orthotitanate (TTIP), a representative precursor used in the atomic layer deposition (ALD) of titanium dioxide (TiO2) film, and the resulting changes in the thin film properties of the TiO2 film were investigated. TTIP was evaluated after exposure to thermal stress in an enclosed container. The vapor pressure results provide reasonable evidence that impurities are generated by the decomposition of TTIP under thermal stress. These impurities led to changes in the thermal properties of TTIP and changes in the growth rate, morphology, and composition of the thin film; in particular, these impurities increased the unstable oxidation states of Ti2+ (TiO) content in the TiO2 film. The changes in the properties of the TiO2 film resulting from the changes in the physical properties of TTIP led to a change in the properties of the device. We proved that the thermal stability of the precursor is a factor that can determine the reliability of the ALD process and the resulting thin film. Additionally, systematic evaluation of the precursor can provide useful information that can improve the development of the precursor and the consistency of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayeong Kim
- Vacuum Materials Measurement Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea; (H.K.); (S.M.)
- Nanomaterials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Jihyeok An
- Process Development Group, Semiconductor Division/R&D Center, DUKSAN Techopia Co., Ltd., Cheonan 31245, Korea;
| | - SeonJeong Maeng
- Vacuum Materials Measurement Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea; (H.K.); (S.M.)
| | - Jae-Soo Shin
- Department of Energy & Advanced Materials Engineering, Daejeon University, Daejeon 34520, Korea;
| | - Eunmi Choi
- Defect Engineering Group, SK hynix, Icheon 17336, Korea
| | - Ju-Young Yun
- Vacuum Materials Measurement Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea; (H.K.); (S.M.)
- Nanoscience and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
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Sahare P, Alvarez PG, Yanez JMS, Bárcenas JGL, Chakraborty S, Paul S, Estevez M. Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2022; 13:201-218. [PMID: 35223351 PMCID: PMC8848344 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.13.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Significant advancement in the field of nanotechnology has raised the possibility of applying potent engineered biocompatible nanomaterials within biological systems for theranostic purposes. Titanium dioxide (titanium(IV) oxide/titania/TiO2) has garnered considerable attention as one of the most extensively studied metal oxides in clinical applications. Owing to the unique properties of titania, such as photocatalytic activity, excellent biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and low toxicity, titania nanomaterials have revolutionized therapeutic approaches. Additionally, titania provides an exceptional choice for developing innovative medical devices and the integration of functional moieties that can modulate the biological responses. Thus, the current review aims to present a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of TiO2-based nanotherapeutics and the corresponding future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmavati Sahare
- Centre of Applied Physics and Advanced Technologies (CFATA), National Autonomous University of Mexico, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Paulina Govea Alvarez
- Centre of Applied Physics and Advanced Technologies (CFATA), National Autonomous University of Mexico, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Juan Manual Sanchez Yanez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico
| | | | - Samik Chakraborty
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, CP 76130 Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Miriam Estevez
- Centre of Applied Physics and Advanced Technologies (CFATA), National Autonomous University of Mexico, Queretaro, Mexico
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12
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Min SR, Cho MS, Lee SH, Park J, An HD, Kim GU, Yoon YJ, Seo JH, Jang JW, Bae JH, Lee SH, Kang IM. Analysis for DC and RF Characteristics Recessed-Gate GaN MOSFET Using Stacked TiO 2/Si 3N 4 Dual-Layer Insulator. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15030819. [PMID: 35160771 PMCID: PMC8836490 DOI: 10.3390/ma15030819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The self-heating effects (SHEs) on the electrical characteristics of the GaN MOSFETs with a stacked TiO2/Si3N4 dual-layer insulator are investigated by using rigorous TCAD simulations. To accurately analyze them, the GaN MOSFETs with Si3N4 single-layer insulator are conducted to the simulation works together. The stacked TiO2/Si3N4 GaN MOSFET has a maximum on-state current of 743.8 mA/mm, which is the improved value due to the larger oxide capacitance of TiO2/Si3N4 than that of a Si3N4 single-layer insulator. However, the electrical field and current density increased by the stacked TiO2/Si3N4 layers make the device’s temperature higher. That results in the degradation of the device’s performance. We simulated and analyzed the operation mechanisms of the GaN MOSFETs modulated by the SHEs in view of high-power and high-frequency characteristics. The maximum temperature inside the device was increased to 409.89 K by the SHEs. In this case, the stacked TiO2/Si3N4-based GaN MOSFETs had 25%-lower values for both the maximum on-state current and the maximum transconductance compared with the device where SHEs did not occur; Ron increased from 1.41 mΩ·cm2 to 2.56 mΩ·cm2, and the cut-off frequency was reduced by 26% from 5.45 GHz. Although the performance of the stacked TiO2/Si3N4-based GaN MOSFET is degraded by SHEs, it shows superior electrical performance than GaN MOSFETs with Si3N4 single-layer insulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Ra Min
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-R.M.); (M.-S.C.); (S.-H.L.); (J.P.); (H.-D.A.); (G.-U.K.); (J.-W.J.); (J.-H.B.); (S.-H.L.)
| | - Min-Su Cho
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-R.M.); (M.-S.C.); (S.-H.L.); (J.P.); (H.-D.A.); (G.-U.K.); (J.-W.J.); (J.-H.B.); (S.-H.L.)
| | - Sang-Ho Lee
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-R.M.); (M.-S.C.); (S.-H.L.); (J.P.); (H.-D.A.); (G.-U.K.); (J.-W.J.); (J.-H.B.); (S.-H.L.)
| | - Jin Park
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-R.M.); (M.-S.C.); (S.-H.L.); (J.P.); (H.-D.A.); (G.-U.K.); (J.-W.J.); (J.-H.B.); (S.-H.L.)
| | - Hee-Dae An
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-R.M.); (M.-S.C.); (S.-H.L.); (J.P.); (H.-D.A.); (G.-U.K.); (J.-W.J.); (J.-H.B.); (S.-H.L.)
| | - Geon-Uk Kim
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-R.M.); (M.-S.C.); (S.-H.L.); (J.P.); (H.-D.A.); (G.-U.K.); (J.-W.J.); (J.-H.B.); (S.-H.L.)
| | - Young-Jun Yoon
- Korea Multi-Purpose Accelerator Complex, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Gyeongju 38180, Korea;
| | - Jae-Hwa Seo
- Power Semiconductor Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Changwon 51543, Korea;
| | - Jae-Won Jang
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-R.M.); (M.-S.C.); (S.-H.L.); (J.P.); (H.-D.A.); (G.-U.K.); (J.-W.J.); (J.-H.B.); (S.-H.L.)
| | - Jin-Hyuk Bae
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-R.M.); (M.-S.C.); (S.-H.L.); (J.P.); (H.-D.A.); (G.-U.K.); (J.-W.J.); (J.-H.B.); (S.-H.L.)
| | - Sin-Hyung Lee
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-R.M.); (M.-S.C.); (S.-H.L.); (J.P.); (H.-D.A.); (G.-U.K.); (J.-W.J.); (J.-H.B.); (S.-H.L.)
| | - In-Man Kang
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.-R.M.); (M.-S.C.); (S.-H.L.); (J.P.); (H.-D.A.); (G.-U.K.); (J.-W.J.); (J.-H.B.); (S.-H.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Dagdeviren OE, Glass D, Sapienza R, Cortés E, Maier SA, Parkin IP, Grütter P, Quesada-Cabrera R. The Effect of Photoinduced Surface Oxygen Vacancies on the Charge Carrier Dynamics in TiO 2 Films. Nano Lett 2021; 21:8348-8354. [PMID: 34582208 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Metal-oxide semiconductors (MOS) are widely utilized for catalytic and photocatalytic applications in which the dynamics of charged carriers (e.g., electrons, holes) play important roles. Under operation conditions, photoinduced surface oxygen vacancies (PI-SOV) can greatly impact the dynamics of charge carriers. However, current knowledge regarding the effect of PI-SOV on the dynamics of hole migration in MOS films, such as titanium dioxide, is solely based upon volume-averaged measurements and/or vacuum conditions. This limits the basic understanding of hole-vacancy interactions, as they are not capable of revealing time-resolved variations during operation. Here, we measured the effect of PI-SOV on the dynamics of hole migration using time-resolved atomic force microscopy. Our findings demonstrate that the time constant associated with hole migration is strongly affected by PI-SOV, in a reversible manner. These results will nucleate an insightful understanding of the physics of hole dynamics and thus enable emerging technologies, facilitated by engineering hole-vacancy interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omur E Dagdeviren
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, École de technologie supérieure, University of Quebec, Montreal H3C 1K3, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniel Glass
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Riccardo Sapienza
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Emiliano Cortés
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, München 80539, Germany
| | - Stefan A Maier
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, München 80539, Germany
| | - Ivan P Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Peter Grütter
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal H3A 2T8, Quebec, Canada
| | - Raul Quesada-Cabrera
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
- Fotoelectrocatálisis para Aplicaciones Medioambientales, Departamento de Química, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Edificio Polivalente I, Campus de Tafira, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35017, Spain
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Kim M, Kim H, Park J. Empirical NOx Removal Analysis of Photocatalytic Construction Materials at Real-Scale. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:5717. [PMID: 34640104 DOI: 10.3390/ma14195717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The NOx removal performance of photocatalytic construction materials is demonstrated using two experiments under indoor and outdoor environments: (1) A photoreactor test was conducted to assess the NO removal performance of construction materials (e.g., coatings, paints and shotcrete) using a modified ISO 22197-1 method; (2) A water washing test was conducted using two specimens enlarged to the size of actual building materials and artificially exposed to NOx in a laboratory to analyze NOx removal performance. For (1), the UV irradiation of the outdoor environment was analyzed and the experiment was conducted in an indoor laboratory under UV irradiation identical to that of the outdoor condition. Photoreactor tests were conducted on construction materials applied to actual buildings located in Seoul, South Korea. In (2), the enlarged specimen was used for a field experiment by applying a modified method from the ISO 22197-1 standard. On sunny days, the NOx removal performance (3.12-4.76 μmol/150 cm2·5 h) was twice as much as that of the ISO 22197-1 standard specification (2.03 μmol/150 cm2·5 h) in the real-world. The washing water test results indicated that general aqueous paint achieved a NOx removal of 3.88 μmol, whereas photocatalytic paint was superior to 14.13 μmol.
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Yokoi Y. Osteoblast-like Cell Proliferation, ALP Activity and Photocatalytic Activity on Sintered Anatase and Rutile Titanium Dioxide. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:4414. [PMID: 34442936 PMCID: PMC8401773 DOI: 10.3390/ma14164414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to create a biomaterial from titanium dioxide (TiO2), which has been known to have photocatalytic and bone formation promoting effects. I expected that anatase titanium dioxide-based implants could promote bone augmentation and induce bone formation. Powdery anatase TiO2 was compression molded and sintered at 700, 800, 900, and 1000 °C to prepare sintered compact samples. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the surface of these samples. Furthermore, mouse osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1 cell line) were seeded on the samples sintered at different temperatures, and cell proliferation was observed to evaluate the cell proliferation of the samples. The sample sintered at 700 °C was composed of anatase TiO2. The samples sintered at 800 °C and 900 °C were confirmed to consist of a mixture of anatase and rutile TiO2 crystalline phases. Moreover, the sample sintered at 700 and 800 °C, which contained anatase TiO2, showed remarkable photocatalytic activity. Those samples sintered at 1000 °C were transformed to the rutile TiO2. The cell proliferation after 7-14-days culturing revealed that cells cultured on the 700 °C sample decreased in number immediately after initiation of culturing. The cells cultured on TiO2 sintered at 900 °C markedly proliferated over time with an increase in the alkaline phosphatase activity, showing good MC3T3-E1 cell compatibility of the samples. The sample sintered at 1000 °C, which is rutile TiO2, showed the highest increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Yokoi
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Hiro-Oka Gobara, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan
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Nycz M, Arkusz K, Pijanowska DG. Fabrication of Electrochemical Biosensor Based on Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes and Silver Nanoparticles for Heat Shock Protein 70 Detection. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:3767. [PMID: 34279337 DOI: 10.3390/ma14133767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents the fabrication methodology of an electrochemical biosensor for the detection of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) as a potential tumor marker with high diagnostic sensitivity. The sensor substrate was a composite based on titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) produced directly on TNTs by electrodeposition, to which anti-HSP70 antibodies were attached by covalent functionalization. This manuscript contains a detailed description of the production, modification, and the complete characteristics of the material used as a biosensor platform. As-formed TNTs, annealed TNTs, and the final sensor platform—AgNPs/TNTs, were tested using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). In addition, open circuit potential (OCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV) of these substrates were used to assess the influence of TNTs modification on their electrochemical characteristics. The EIS technique was used to monitor the functionalization steps of the AgNPs/TNTs electrode and the interaction between anti-HSP70 and HSP70. The produced composite was characterized by high purity, and electrical conductivity improved more than twice compared to unmodified TNTs. The linear detection range of HSP70 of the developed biosensor was in the concentration range from 0.1 to 100 ng/mL.
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Tetteh EK, Rathilal S, Asante-Sackey D, Chollom MN. Prospects of Synthesized Magnetic TiO 2-Based Membranes for Wastewater Treatment: A Review. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:3524. [PMID: 34202663 DOI: 10.3390/ma14133524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Global accessibility to clean water has stressed the need to develop advanced technologies for the removal of toxic organic and inorganic pollutants and pathogens from wastewater to meet stringent discharge water quality limits. Conventionally, the high separation efficiencies, relative low costs, small footprint, and ease of operation associated with integrated photocatalytic-membrane (IPM) technologies are gaining an all-inclusive attention. Conversely, photocatalysis and membrane technologies face some degree of setbacks, which limit their worldwide application in wastewater settings for the treatment of emerging contaminants. Therefore, this review elucidated titanium dioxide (TiO2), based on its unique properties (low cost, non-toxicity, biocompatibility, and high chemical stability), to have great potential in engineering photocatalytic-based membranes for reclamation of wastewater for re-use. The environmental pathway of TiO2 nanoparticles, membranes and configuration types, modification process, characteristics, and applications of IPMs in water settings are discussed. Future research and prospects of magnetized TiO2-based membrane technology is highlighted as a viable water purification technology to mitigate fouling in the membrane process and photocatalyst recoverability. In addition, exploring life cycle assessment research would also aid in utilizing the concept and pressing for large-scale application of this technology.
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Vidakis N, Petousis M, Velidakis E, Tzounis L, Mountakis N, Kechagias J, Grammatikos S. Optimization of the Filler Concentration on Fused Filament Fabrication 3D Printed Polypropylene with Titanium Dioxide Nanocomposites. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:3076. [PMID: 34199870 DOI: 10.3390/ma14113076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Polypropylene (PP) is an engineered thermoplastic polymer widely used in various applications. This work aims to enhance the properties of PP with the introduction of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) as nanofillers. Novel nanocomposite filaments were produced at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 wt.% filler concentrations, following a melt mixing extrusion process. These filaments were then fed to a commercially available fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printer for the preparation of specimens, to be assessed for their mechanical, viscoelastic, physicochemical, and fractographic properties, according to international standards. Tensile, flexural, impact, and microhardness tests, as well as dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), Raman, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), melt flow volume index (MVR), and atomic force microscopy (AFM), were conducted, to fully characterize the filler concentration effect on the 3D printed nanocomposite material properties. The results revealed an improvement in the nanocomposites properties, with the increase of the filler amount, while the microstructural effect and processability of the material was not significantly affected, which is important for the possible industrialization of the reported protocol. This work showed that PP/TiO2 can be a novel nanocomposite system in AM applications that the polymer industry can benefit from.
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Lim SM, Moon J, Baek UC, Lee JY, Chae Y, Park JT. Shape-Controlled TiO 2 Nanomaterials-Based Hybrid Solid-State Electrolytes for Solar Energy Conversion with a Mesoporous Carbon Electrocatalyst. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:913. [PMID: 33916761 DOI: 10.3390/nano11040913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) titanium dioxide (TiO2) is prepared by hydrothermal method and incorporated as nanofiller into a hybrid polymer matrix of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and employed as a solid-electrolyte in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Mesoporous carbon electrocatalyst with a high surface area is obtained by the carbonization of the PVDC-g-POEM double comb copolymer. The 1D TiO2 nanofiller is found to increase the photoelectrochemical performance. As a result, for the mesoporous carbon-based DSSCs, 1D TiO2 hybrid solid-state electrolyte yielded the highest efficiencies, with 6.1% under 1 sun illumination, in comparison with the efficiencies of 3.9% for quasi solid-state electrolyte and 4.8% for commercial TiO2 hybrid solid-state electrolyte, respectively. The excellent photovoltaic performance is attributed to the improved ion diffusion, scattering effect, effective path for redox couple transfer, and sufficient penetration of 1D TiO2 hybrid solid-state electrolyte into the electrode, which results in improved light-harvesting, enhanced electron transport, decreased charge recombination, and decreased resistance at the electrode/electrolyte interface.
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Baek N, Kim Y, Duncan S, Leitch K, O'Keefe S. (-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate Stability in Ready-To-Drink (RTD) Green Tea Infusions in TiO 2 and Oleic-Acid-Modified TiO 2 Polylactic Acid Film Packaging Stored under Fluorescent Light during Refrigerated Storage at 4 °C. Foods 2021; 10:723. [PMID: 33805540 DOI: 10.3390/foods10040723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The light-protective effectiveness of titanium dioxide polylactic acid (TiO2 PLA) nanocomposite films (T-PLA) and oleic-acid-modified (OA_TiO2PLA) nanocomposite films was investigated in ready-to-drink (RTD) green tea infusions in oxygen-impermeable glass packaging. The stability of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) was evaluated in RTD green tea infusions in glass packaging covered with PLA (polylactic acid), T-PLA and OT-PLA under fluorescent light during 20 days of storage at 4 °C. Levels of EGCG and color change of RTD green tea infusions were determined. In addition, sensory tests for difference were conducted on green tea infusions in glass packaging without and with complete light protection during 10 days of storage at 4 °C. Of the panelists, 60% noticed sensory differences in the RTD green tea infusion in two different packaging conditions during 10 days of storage under fluorescent light by a triangle test (p < 0.05). During 20 days of storage, levels of EGCG with complete light protection decreased by 10.8% (0.73 mg/mL), and there was a 42.2% loss of EGCG (0.48 mg/mL) in RTD green tea infusions in the glass packaging covered by PLA film. Finally, 3% T-PLA preserved higher levels of EGCG in RTD green tea infusions compared to 1% T-PLA and OT-PLA.
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Nycz M, Arkusz K, Pijanowska DG. Electrodes Based on a Titanium Dioxide Nanotube-Spherical Silver Nanoparticle Composite for Sensing of Proteins. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:105-113. [PMID: 33378150 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the research was to provide electrochemical, chemical, phase, and microscopic characteristics of electrodes based on titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs) containing uniformly deposited, nonagglomerated spherical silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The nanoparticles were produced with the use of electrodeposition and sputter deposition methods. This paper presents the results of research of these platforms with the use of the following techniques: electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Evaluation of the adsorption of proteins-bovine serum albumin (BSA)-was carried out to establish the possibility of the use of the electrodes in a low-cost, simple detection system without surface functionalization. The research proved that the AgNP deposition facilitated the electron transfer increasing their conductivity properties as well as promoting the protein adsorption. The AgNPs/TNT electrodes showed a high selectivity to the BSA-anti-BSA complex. Half an hour of immobilization was enough to completely saturate the TNT electrodes, whereas for AgNPs/TNTs, 1 h of immobilization seemed to be not enough. The impedance parameter changes for electrodes with the AgNPs reached even about 300%. The biggest changes were noted for the platform obtained using cyclic voltammetry, so it is the best detection platform for biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Nycz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zielona Gora, Prof. Z. Szafrana 4, Zielona Gora 65-516, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Arkusz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zielona Gora, Prof. Z. Szafrana 4, Zielona Gora 65-516, Poland
| | - Dorota Genowefa Pijanowska
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ks. Trojdena 4, Warszawa 02-109, Poland
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22
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Ramanavicius S, Ramanavicius A. Insights in the Application of Stoichiometric and Non-Stoichiometric Titanium Oxides for the Design of Sensors for the Determination of Gases and VOCs (TiO 2-x and Ti nO 2n-1 vs. TiO 2). Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:E6833. [PMID: 33260465 PMCID: PMC7730008 DOI: 10.3390/s20236833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this review article, attention is paid towards the formation of various nanostructured stoichiometric titanium dioxide (TiO2), non-stoichiometric titanium oxide (TiO2-x) and Magnéli phase (TinO2n-1)-based layers, which are suitable for the application in gas and volatile organic compound (VOC) sensors. Some aspects related to variation of sensitivity and selectivity of titanium oxide-based sensors are critically overviewed and discussed. The most promising titanium oxide-based hetero- and nano-structures are outlined. Recent research and many recently available reviews on TiO2-based sensors and some TiO2 synthesis methods are discussed. Some promising directions for the development of TiO2-based sensors, especially those that are capable to operate at relatively low temperatures, are outlined. The applicability of non-stoichiometric titanium oxides in the development of gas and VOC sensors is foreseen and transitions between various titanium oxide states are discussed. The presence of non-stoichiometric titanium oxide and Magnéli phase (TinO2n-1)-based layers in 'self-heating' sensors is predicted, and the advantages and limitations of 'self-heating' gas and VOC sensors, based on TiO2 and TiO2-x/TiO2 heterostructures, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonas Ramanavicius
- Department of Electrochemical Material Science, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Sauletekio av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania;
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Sevastaki M, Suchea MP, Kenanakis G. 3D Printed Fully Recycled TiO 2-Polystyrene Nanocomposite Photocatalysts for Use against Drug Residues. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:nano10112144. [PMID: 33126439 PMCID: PMC7692178 DOI: 10.3390/nano10112144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, the use of nanocomposite polymeric filaments based on 100% recycled solid polystyrene everyday products, enriched with TiO2 nanoparticles with mass concentrations up to 40% w/w, and the production of 3D photocatalytic structures using a typical fused deposition modeling (FDM)-type 3D printer are reported. We provide evidence that the fabricated 3D structures offer promising photocatalytic properties, indicating that the proposed technique is indeed a novel low-cost alternative route for fabricating large-scale photocatalysts, suitable for practical real-life applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sevastaki
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research & Technology-Hellas, N. Plastira 100, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Mirela Petruta Suchea
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT-Bucharest), 1 26 A, Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, P.O. Box 38-160, 023573 Bucharest, Romania
- Center of Materials Technology and Photonics, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71004 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Correspondence: (M.P.S.); (G.K.)
| | - George Kenanakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research & Technology-Hellas, N. Plastira 100, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece;
- Correspondence: (M.P.S.); (G.K.)
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24
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Song YW, Kim MY, Chung MH, Yang YK, Park JC. NO x-Reduction Performance Test for TiO 2 Paint. Molecules 2020; 25:E4087. [PMID: 32906745 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In South Korea, the gradual increase in particulate matter generation has received significant attention from central and local governments. Exhaust gas, which contains nitrogen oxides (NOx), is one of the main sources of particulate matter. In this study, the reduction of NOx using a coating material mixed with a titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalyst was demonstrated. The NOx reduction performance of the TiO2 photocatalyst-infused coating was evaluated by applying the ISO 22197-1: 2007 standard. Subsequently, the performance was evaluated by changing the NO gas concentration and ultraviolet (UV)-A irradiance under standard experimental conditions. It was determined that NOx reduction can be achieved even if the NO gas concentration and UV-A irradiance are lower than those under the standard conditions when the TiO2 photocatalyst-infused coating was used. This study revealed that NOx reduction can be realized through TiO2 photocatalyst-infused coating in winter or cloudy days with a low solar altitude. It was also confirmed that compared with the UV-A irradiance, the NO gas concentration has a greater effect on the NOx reduction performance of the TiO2 photocatalyst-infused coating. These findings can be used to evaluate a variety of construction materials with TiO2 photocatalysts in the future.
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Saadmim F, Forhad T, Sikder A, Ghann W, M. Ali M, Sitther V, Ahammad AJS, Subhan MA, Uddin J. Enhancing the Performance of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells Using Silver Nanoparticles Modified Photoanode. Molecules 2020; 25:E4021. [PMID: 32899213 PMCID: PMC7504805 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25174021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized, characterized, and applied to a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) to enhance the efficiency of solar cells. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized with UV-Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The silver nanoparticles infused titanium dioxide film was also characterized by Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy. The performance of DSSC fabricated with silver nanoparticle-modified photoanode was compared with that of a control group. The current and voltage characteristics of the devices as well as the electrochemical impedance measurements were also carried out to assess the performance of the fabricated solar cells. The solar-to-electric efficiency of silver nanoparticles based DSSC was 1.76%, which is quite remarkable compared to the 0.98% realized for DSSC fabricated without silver nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizah Saadmim
- Center for Nanotechnology, Department of Natural Sciences, Coppin State University, 2500 W. North Ave, Baltimore, MD 21216, USA; (F.S.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (W.G.)
| | - Taseen Forhad
- Center for Nanotechnology, Department of Natural Sciences, Coppin State University, 2500 W. North Ave, Baltimore, MD 21216, USA; (F.S.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (W.G.)
| | - Ahmed Sikder
- Center for Nanotechnology, Department of Natural Sciences, Coppin State University, 2500 W. North Ave, Baltimore, MD 21216, USA; (F.S.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (W.G.)
| | - William Ghann
- Center for Nanotechnology, Department of Natural Sciences, Coppin State University, 2500 W. North Ave, Baltimore, MD 21216, USA; (F.S.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (W.G.)
| | - Meser M. Ali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
| | - Viji Sitther
- School of Computer, Morgan State University, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA;
| | | | - Md. Abdus Subhan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Shah Jalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh;
| | - Jamal Uddin
- Center for Nanotechnology, Department of Natural Sciences, Coppin State University, 2500 W. North Ave, Baltimore, MD 21216, USA; (F.S.); (T.F.); (A.S.); (W.G.)
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Vidakis N, Petousis M, Maniadi A, Koudoumas E, Liebscher M, Tzounis L. Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene TiO 2 and ATO Nanocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12071589. [PMID: 32708989 PMCID: PMC7407130 DOI: 10.3390/polym12071589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to enhance the mechanical performance of three-dimensional (3D) printed structures fabricated via commercially available fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printers, novel nanocomposite filaments were produced herein following a melt mixing process, and further 3D printed and characterized. Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) and Antimony (Sb) doped Tin Oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles (NPs), hereafter denoted as ATO, were selected as fillers for a polymeric acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) thermoplastic matrix at various weight % (wt%) concentrations. Tensile and flexural test specimens were 3D printed, according to international standards. It was proven that TiO2 filler enhanced the overall tensile strength by 7%, the flexure strength by 12%, and the micro-hardness by 6%, while for the ATO filler, the corresponding values were 9%, 13%, and 6% respectively, compared to unfilled ABS. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed the size of TiO2 (40 ± 10 nm) and ATO (52 ± 11 nm) NPs. Raman spectroscopy was performed for the TiO2 and ATO NPs as well as for the 3D printed nanocomposites to verify the polymer structure and the incorporated TiO2 and ATO nanocrystallites in the polymer matrix. The scope of this work was to fabricate novel nanocomposite filaments using commercially available materials with enhanced overall mechanical properties that industry can benefit from.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nectarios Vidakis
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos, 71004 Heraklion, Crete, Greece;
| | - Markos Petousis
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos, 71004 Heraklion, Crete, Greece;
- Correspondence: (M.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Athena Maniadi
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Vassilika, Voutes, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece;
| | - Emmanuel Koudoumas
- Center of Materials Technology and Photonics, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos, 71004 Heraklion, Crete, Greece;
| | - Marco Liebscher
- Institute of Construction Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, DE-01062 Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Lazaros Tzounis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
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Wang X, Xu H, Nan Y, Sun X, Duan J, Huang Y, Hou B. Research progress of TiO 2 photocathodic protection to metals in marine environment. J Oceanol Limnol 2020; 38:1018-1044. [PMID: 32837769 PMCID: PMC7347756 DOI: 10.1007/s00343-020-0110-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Corrosion protection has become an important issue as the amount of infrastructure construction in marine environment increased. Photocathodic protection is a promising method to reduce the corrosion of metals, and titanium dioxide (TiO2) is the most widely used photoanode. This review summarizes the progress in TiO2 photogenerated protection in recent years. Different types of semiconductors, including sulfides, metals, metal oxides, polymers, and other materials, are used to design and modify TiO2. The strategy to dramatically improve the efficiency of photoactivity is proposed, and the mechanism is investigated in detail. Characterization methods are also introduced, including morphology testing, light absorption, photoelectrochemistry, and protected metal observation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of TiO2 development and guide photocathodic protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiutong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071 China
- Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071 China
| | - Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071 China
- Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Youbo Nan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071 China
- Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Xin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071 China
- Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Jizhou Duan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071 China
- Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237 China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071 China
| | - Yanliang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071 China
- Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237 China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071 China
| | - Baorong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071 China
- Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237 China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071 China
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28
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Bodek L, Engelund M, Cebrat A, Such B. Adsorption behavior of tin phthalocyanine onto the (110) face of rutile TiO 2. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2020; 11:821-828. [PMID: 32551207 PMCID: PMC7277932 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.11.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption behavior of tin phthalocyanine (SnPc) molecules on rutile TiO2(110) was studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Low-temperature STM measurements of single molecules reveal the coexistence of two conformations of molecules on the TiO2 surface. Density functional theory-based simulations (DFT) indicate that the difference originates from the position of the tin atom protruding from the molecule plane. The irreversible switching of Sn-up molecules into the Sn-down conformation was observed either after sample annealing at 200 °C or as a result of tip-induced manipulation. Room-temperature measurements conducted for a coverage of close to a monolayer showed no tendency for molecular arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Bodek
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, ul. S. Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Mads Engelund
- Espeem S.A.R.L., c/o Technoport S.A., 9 Avenue des Haut-Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch-Sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Aleksandra Cebrat
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, ul. S. Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
- EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Bartosz Such
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, ul. S. Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
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29
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Katsube D, Ojima S, Inami E, Abe M. Atomic-resolution imaging of rutile TiO 2(110)-(1 × 2) reconstructed surface by non-contact atomic force microscopy. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2020; 11:443-449. [PMID: 32215231 PMCID: PMC7082707 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.11.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The structure of the rutile TiO2(110)-(1 × 2) reconstructed surface is a phase induced by oxygen reduction. There is ongoing debate about the (1 × 2) reconstruction, because it cannot be clarified whether the (1 × 2) structure is formed over a wide area or only locally using macroscopic analysis methods such as diffraction. We used non-contact atomic force microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, and low-energy electron diffraction at room temperature to characterize the surface. Ti2O3 rows appeared as bright spots in both NC-AFM and STM images observed in the same area. High-resolution NC-AFM images revealed that the rutile TiO2(110)-(1 × 2) reconstructed surface is composed of two domains with different types of asymmetric rows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Katsube
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomiokamachi, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Shoki Ojima
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Eiichi Inami
- School of Systems Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, 185 Miyanokuchi, Tosayamada, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan
| | - Masayuki Abe
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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30
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Al-Shidaifat A, Chakrabartty S, Kumar S, Acharjee S, Song H. A Novel Characterization and Performance Measurement of Memristor Devices for Synaptic Emulators in Advanced Neuro-Computing. Micromachines (Basel) 2020; 11:E89. [PMID: 31941084 PMCID: PMC7019485 DOI: 10.3390/mi11010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The advanced neuro-computing field requires new memristor devices with great potential as synaptic emulators between pre- and postsynaptic neurons. This paper presents memristor devices with TiO2 Nanoparticles (NPs)/Ag(Silver) and Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Nanoparticles (NPs)/Au(Gold) electrodes for synaptic emulators in an advanced neurocomputing application. A comparative study between Ag(Silver)- and Au(Gold)-based memristor devices is presented where the Ag electrode provides the improved performance, as compared to the Au electrode. Device characterization is observed by the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image, which displays the grown electrode, while the morphology of nanoparticles (NPs) is verified by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The resistive switching (RS) phenomena observed in Ag/TiO2 and Au/TiO2 shows the sweeping mechanism for low resistance and high resistance states. The resistive switching time of Au/TiO2 NPs and Ag/TiO2 NPs is calculated, while the theoretical validation of the memory window demonstrates memristor behavior as a synaptic emulator. Measurement of the capacitor-voltage curve shows that the memristor with Ag contact is a good candidate for charge storage as compared to Au. The classification of 3 × 3 pixel black/white image is demonstrated by the 3 × 3 cross bar memristor with pre- and post-neuron system. The proposed memristor devices with the Ag electrode demonstrate the adequate performance compared to the Au electrode, and may present noteworthy advantages in the field of neuromorphic computing.
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Affiliation(s)
- AlaaDdin Al-Shidaifat
- Department of Nanoscience and Engineering, Centre for Nano Manufacturing, Inje university, Gimhae 50834, Korea;
| | - Shubhro Chakrabartty
- Department of Nanoscience and Engineering, Centre for Nano Manufacturing, Inje university, Gimhae 50834, Korea;
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangaluru 575025, Karnataka, India;
| | - Suvojit Acharjee
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Agartala, Jirania 799046, Tripura, India;
| | - Hanjung Song
- Department of Nanoscience and Engineering, Centre for Nano Manufacturing, Inje university, Gimhae 50834, Korea;
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Nycz M, Arkusz K, Pijanowska DG. Influence of the Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) Formation Conditions onto Titanium Dioxide (TiO 2) Nanotubes Based Electrodes on Their Impedimetric Response. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2019; 9:nano9081072. [PMID: 31349734 PMCID: PMC6723281 DOI: 10.3390/nano9081072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the comparison of the effects of three methods of production of silver spherical and near-spherical nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNT) base: cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and sputter deposition. It also evaluates the influence of silver nanoparticles on the electrochemical properties of the developed electrodes. The novelty of this research was to fabricate regular AgNPs free of agglomerates uniformly distributed onto the TNT layer, which has not been accomplished with previous attempts. The applied methods do not require stabilizing and reducing reagents. The extensive electrochemical characteristic of AgNP/TNT was performed by open circuit potential and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods. For AgNPs/TNT obtained by each method, the impedance module of these electrodes was up to 50% lower when compared to TNT, which means that AgNPs enabled more efficient electron transfer due to the effective area increase. In addition, the presence of nanoparticles increases the corrosion resistance of the prepared electrodes. These substrates can be used as electrochemical sensors due to their high electrical conductivity, and also as implants due to the antibacterial properties of both the TNT and AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Nycz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafrana 4, 54-516 Zielona Góra, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Arkusz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafrana 4, 54-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Dorota Genowefa Pijanowska
- Nałęcz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warszawa, Poland
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32
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Chou JC, Wu CY, Lin SH, Kuo PY, Lai CH, Nien YH, Wu YX, Lai TY. The Analysis of the Urea Biosensors Using Different Sensing Matrices via Wireless Measurement System & Microfluidic Measurement System. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:E3004. [PMID: 31288406 DOI: 10.3390/s19133004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Two types of urea biosensors were integrated with a wireless measurement system and microfluidic measurement system. The two biosensors used were (i) a magnetic beads (MBs)-urease/graphene oxide (GO)/titanium dioxide (TiO2)-based biosensor and (ii) an MBs-urease/GO/ nickel oxide (NiO)-based biosensor, respectively. The wireless measurement system work exhibited the feasibility for the remote detection of urea, but it will require refinement and modification to improve stability and precision. The microchannel fluidic system showed the measurement reliability. The sensing properties of urea biosensors at different flow rates were investigated. From the measurement results, the decay of average sensitivity may be attributed to the induced vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) at the high flow rate. In the aspect of wireless monitoring, the average sensitivity of the urea biosensor based on MBs-urease/GO/NiO was 4.780 mV/(mg/dl) and with the linearity of 0.938. In the aspect of measurement under dynamic conditions, the average sensitivity of the urea biosensor based on MBs-urease/GO/NiO were 5.582 mV/(mg/dl) and with the linearity of 0.959. Both measurements performed NiO was better than TiO2 according to the comparisons.
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Sun XY, Zhang X, Sun X, Qian NX, Wang M, Ma YQ. Improved adsorption and degradation performance by S-doping of (001)-TiO 2. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2019; 10:2116-2127. [PMID: 31728259 PMCID: PMC6839563 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In this work, sulfur-doped (S-doped) TiO2 with the (001) face exposed was synthesized by thermal chemical vapor deposition at 180 or 250 °C using S/Ti molar ratios R S/Ti of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. The S-doped samples synthesized at 250 °C exhibit a significantly improved photocatalytic performance. More precisely, S-doping has the following effects on the material: (1) S can adopt different chemical states in the samples. Specifically, it exists in the form of S2- replacing O2- at a ratio of R S/Ti = 1 and also in the form of S6+ replacing Ti4+ at R S/Ti ≥ 2. As a result, S-doping causes a lattice distortion, because the ionic radii of S2- and S6+ differ from that of the O2- and Ti4+ ions. (2) S-doping increases the adsorption coefficient A e for methylene blue (MB) from 0.9% to 68.5% due to the synergistic effects of the oxygen vacancies, increased number of surface chemical adsorption centers as a result of SO4 2- adsorption on the TiO2 surface and the larger pore size. (3) S-doping increases the MB degradation rate from 6.9 × 10-2 min-1 to 18.2 × 10-2 min-1 due to an increase in the amount of •OH and •O2- radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Sun
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Devices, School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Devices, School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China
- School of Electronic Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan 232038, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Devices, School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China
| | - Ni-Xian Qian
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Devices, School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China
| | - Min Wang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Devices, School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China
| | - Yong-Qing Ma
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Devices, School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China
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Ursino C, Castro-Muñoz R, Drioli E, Gzara L, Albeirutty MH, Figoli A. Progress of Nanocomposite Membranes for Water Treatment. Membranes (Basel) 2018; 8:E18. [PMID: 29614045 PMCID: PMC6027241 DOI: 10.3390/membranes8020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The use of membrane-based technologies has been applied for water treatment applications; however, the limitations of conventional polymeric membranes have led to the addition of inorganic fillers to enhance their performance. In recent years, nanocomposite membranes have greatly attracted the attention of scientists for water treatment applications such as wastewater treatment, water purification, removal of microorganisms, chemical compounds, heavy metals, etc. The incorporation of different nanofillers, such as carbon nanotubes, zinc oxide, graphene oxide, silver and copper nanoparticles, titanium dioxide, 2D materials, and some other novel nano-scale materials into polymeric membranes have provided great advances, e.g., enhancing on hydrophilicity, suppressing the accumulation of pollutants and foulants, enhancing rejection efficiencies and improving mechanical properties and thermal stabilities. Thereby, the aim of this work is to provide up-to-date information related to those novel nanocomposite membranes and their contribution for water treatment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ursino
- Institute on Membrane Technology National Research Council, ITM-CNR, Via P. Bucci 17/C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (C.U.); (R.C.-M.); (E.D.)
| | - Roberto Castro-Muñoz
- Institute on Membrane Technology National Research Council, ITM-CNR, Via P. Bucci 17/C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (C.U.); (R.C.-M.); (E.D.)
- Department of Inorganic Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Enrico Drioli
- Institute on Membrane Technology National Research Council, ITM-CNR, Via P. Bucci 17/C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (C.U.); (R.C.-M.); (E.D.)
| | - Lassaad Gzara
- Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad H. Albeirutty
- Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Mechanical Engineering Department, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80204, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alberto Figoli
- Institute on Membrane Technology National Research Council, ITM-CNR, Via P. Bucci 17/C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (C.U.); (R.C.-M.); (E.D.)
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Scuderi V, Zimbone M, Miritello M, Nicotra G, Impellizzeri G, Privitera V. Optical and photocatalytic properties of TiO 2 nanoplumes. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2017; 8:190-195. [PMID: 28243556 PMCID: PMC5301807 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.8.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Here we report the photocatalytic efficiency of hydrogenated TiO2 nanoplumes studied by measuring dye degradation in water. Nanoplumes were synthesized by peroxide etching of Ti films with different thicknesses. Structural characterization was carried out by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. We investigated in detail the optical properties of the synthesized material and related them to the efficiency of UV photodegradation of methylene blue dye. The obtained results show that TiO2 nanoplumes act as an effective antireflective layer increasing the UV photocatalytic yield of the film.
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Prauzner-Bechcicki JS, Zajac L, Olszowski P, Jöhr R, Hinaut A, Glatzel T, Such B, Meyer E, Szymonski M. Scanning probe microscopy studies on the adsorption of selected molecular dyes on titania. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2016; 7:1642-1653. [PMID: 28144513 PMCID: PMC5238678 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.7.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide, or titania, sensitized with organic dyes is a very attractive platform for photovoltaic applications. In this context, the knowledge of properties of the titania-sensitizer junction is essential for designing efficient devices. Consequently, studies on the adsorption of organic dyes on titania surfaces and on the influence of the adsorption geometry on the energy level alignment between the substrate and an organic adsorbate are necessary. The method of choice for investigating the local environment of a single dye molecule is high-resolution scanning probe microscopy. Microscopic results combined with the outcome of common spectroscopic methods provide a better understanding of the mechanism taking place at the titania-sensitizer interface. In the following paper, we review the recent scanning probe microscopic research of a certain group of molecular assemblies on rutile titania surfaces as it pertains to dye-sensitized solar cell applications. We focus on experiments on adsorption of three types of prototypical dye molecules, i.e., perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA), phtalocyanines and porphyrins. Two interesting heteromolecular systems comprising molecules that are aligned with the given review are discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub S Prauzner-Bechcicki
- Research Centre for Nanometer-scale Science and Advanced Materials (NANOSAM), Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Lukasz Zajac
- Research Centre for Nanometer-scale Science and Advanced Materials (NANOSAM), Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Piotr Olszowski
- Research Centre for Nanometer-scale Science and Advanced Materials (NANOSAM), Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Res Jöhr
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstr. 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Antoine Hinaut
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstr. 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thilo Glatzel
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstr. 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bartosz Such
- Research Centre for Nanometer-scale Science and Advanced Materials (NANOSAM), Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Ernst Meyer
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstr. 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marek Szymonski
- Research Centre for Nanometer-scale Science and Advanced Materials (NANOSAM), Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
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Wang WC, Tsai MC, Yang J, Hsu C, Chen MJ. Efficiency Enhancement of Nanotextured Black Silicon Solar Cells Using Al2O3/TiO2 Dual-Layer Passivation Stack Prepared by Atomic Layer Deposition. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:10228-10237. [PMID: 25919200 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b00677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, efficient nanotextured black silicon (NBSi) solar cells composed of silicon nanowire arrays and an Al2O3/TiO2 dual-layer passivation stack on the n(+) emitter were fabricated. The highly conformal Al2O3 and TiO2 surface passivation layers were deposited on the high-aspect-ratio surface of the NBSi wafers using atomic layer deposition. Instead of the single Al2O3 passivation layer with a negative oxide charge density, the Al2O3/TiO2 dual-layer passivation stack treated with forming gas annealing provides a high positive oxide charge density and a low interfacial state density, which are essential for the effective field-effect and chemical passivation of the n(+) emitter. In addition, the Al2O3/TiO2 dual-layer passivation stack suppresses the total reflectance over a broad range of wavelengths (400-1000 nm). Therefore, with the Al2O3/TiO2 dual-layer passivation stack, the short-circuit current density and efficiency of the NBSi solar cell were increased by 11% and 20%, respectively. In conclusion, a high efficiency of 18.5% was achieved with the NBSi solar cells by using the n(+)-emitter/p-base structure passivated with the Al2O3/TiO2 stack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Cheng Wang
- †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chen Tsai
- †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Jason Yang
- ‡Sino-American Silicon Products Inc., Yilan Branch, Yilan County 26841, Taiwan
| | - Chuck Hsu
- §Sino-American Silicon Products Inc., Hsinchu Science Park 30075, Taiwan
| | - Miin-Jang Chen
- †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Rutar M, Rozman N, Pregelj M, Bittencourt C, Cerc Korošec R, Sever Škapin A, Mrzel A, Škapin SD, Umek P. Transformation of hydrogen titanate nanoribbons to TiO2 nanoribbons and the influence of the transformation strategies on the photocatalytic performance. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2015; 6:831-44. [PMID: 25977854 PMCID: PMC4419672 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.6.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The influence of the reaction conditions during the transformation of hydrogen titanate nanoribbons to TiO2 nanoribbons on the phase composition, the morphology, the appearance of the nanoribbon surfaces and their optical properties was investigated. The transformations were performed (i) through a heat treatment in oxidative and reductive atmospheres in the temperature range of 400-650 °C, (ii) through a hydrothermal treatment in neutral and basic environments at 160 °C, and (iii) through a microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment in a neutral environment at 200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy investigations showed that the hydrothermal processing significantly affected the nanoribbon surfaces, which became rougher, while the transformations based on calcination in either oxidative or reductive atmospheres had no effect on the morphology or on the surface appearance of the nanoribbons. The transformations performed in the reductive atmosphere, an NH3(g)/Ar(g) flow, and in the ammonia solution led to nitrogen doping. The nitrogen content increased with an increasing calcination temperature, as was determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. According to electron paramagnetic resonance measurements the calcination in the reductive atmosphere also resulted in a partial reduction of Ti(4+) to Ti(3+). The photocatalytic performance of the derived TiO2 NRs was estimated on the basis of the photocatalytic oxidation of isopropanol. After calcinating in air, the photocatalytic performance of the investigated TiO2 NRs increased with an increased content of anatase. In contrast, the photocatalytic performance of the N-doped TiO2 NRs showed no dependence on the calcination temperature. An additional comparison showed that the N-doping significantly suppressed the photocatalytic performance of the TiO2 NRs, i.e., by 3 to almost 10 times, in comparison with the TiO2 NRs derived by calcination in air. On the other hand, the photocatalytic performance of the hydrothermally derived TiO2 NRs was additionally improved by a subsequent heat treatment in air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melita Rutar
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, SIovenia
| | - Nejc Rozman
- Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute, Dimičeva 12, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matej Pregelj
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Carla Bittencourt
- Chimie des Interactions Plasma Surface, CIRMAP, University of Mons, 23 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Romana Cerc Korošec
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 5, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andrijana Sever Škapin
- Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute, Dimičeva 12, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleš Mrzel
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Srečo D Škapin
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Polona Umek
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Lee CS, Kim JK, Lim JY, Kim JH. One-step process for the synthesis and deposition of anatase, two-dimensional, disk-shaped TiO₂ for dye-sensitized solar cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2014; 6:20842-50. [PMID: 25397581 DOI: 10.1021/am505217k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report a one-step process for the synthesis and deposition of anatase, two-dimensional (2D), disk-shaped TiO2 (DS-TiO2) using titanium isopropoxide (TTIP), ethyl cellulose (EC), and solvents. The planar structure of EC plays a pivotal role as the sacrificing template to generate the 2D disk-shaped structure with a thickness of 1.5-3.5 μm, while a disk-like structure was well developed in the tetrahydrofuran (THF)/toluene mixed solvent. The quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (qssDSSCs), fabricated with a nanogel electrolyte and a DS-TiO2 layer on a nanocrystalline (NC)-TiO2 photoanode, showed an energy conversion efficiency of 5.0% without any TiCl4 post-treatment, which is higher than that fabricated without DS-TiO2 (4.2%). When utilizing a poly((1-(4-ethenylphenyl)methyl)-3-butyl-imidazolium iodide) (PEBII) as the solid electrolyte, a high efficiency of 6.6% was achieved due to the combination of high mobility PEBII and a bifunctional DS-TiO2 layer with a 2D structure and anatase phase. The bifunctionality of the DS-TiO2 layer allows greater light scattering back into the device and provides additional surface area for improved dye adsorption, resulting in short circuit current density (Jsc).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Soo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University , 262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
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Abstract
Doped TiO2 with metal, nonmetal, and rare earth elements has shown a great potential in energy and environmental applications, but it is difficult to dope well-defined TiO2 single crystals (SCs) with {001} exposed facet due to their high crystallinity. In this work, we developed a green and general approach to prepare the {001}-exposed TiO2 SCs doped with various elements, on the basis of recycling the wasted ethylene glycol electrolyte from the anodic oxidation for TiO2 nanotube preparation. All six representative elements (i.e., metal, nonmetal, and rare earth types) could be successfully doped into the TiO2 SCs without breaking their single-crystalline structure and exposed high-energy facet. The electronic properties of the doped TiO2 SCs were significantly improved. All the doped TiO2 SCs exhibited a superior photoactivity under visible-light irradiation for degrading rhodamine B, a typical organic pollutant. The prepared doped TiO2 SCs have a promising potential in environmental and energy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Long
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China , Hefei, 230026, China
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Zhang Y, Utke I, Michler J, Ilari G, Rossell MD, Erni R. Growth and characterization of CNT-TiO2 heterostructures. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2014; 5:946-55. [PMID: 25161830 PMCID: PMC4142836 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A thriving field in nanotechnology is to develop synergetic functions of nanomaterials by taking full advantages of unique properties of each component. In this context, combining TiO2 nanocrystals and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) offers enhanced photosensitivity and improved photocatalytic efficiency, which is key to achieving sustainable energy and preventing environmental pollution. Hence, it has aroused a tremendous research interest. This report surveys recent research on the topic of synthesis and characterization of the CNT-TiO2 interface. In particular, atomic layer deposition (ALD) offers a good control of the size, crystallinity and morphology of TiO2 on CNTs. Analytical transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques such as electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) in scanning transmission mode provides structural, chemical and electronic information with an unprecedented spatial resolution and increasingly superior energy resolution, and hence is a necessary tool to characterize the CNT-TiO2 interface, as well as other technologically relevant CNT-metal/metal oxide material systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Zhang
- Electron Microscopy Center, EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Ivo Utke
- Laboratory of Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructure, EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Feuerwerkstrasse 39, CH-3602 Thun, Switzerland
| | - Johann Michler
- Laboratory of Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructure, EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Feuerwerkstrasse 39, CH-3602 Thun, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Ilari
- Electron Microscopy Center, EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Marta D Rossell
- Electron Microscopy Center, EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Rolf Erni
- Electron Microscopy Center, EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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Tallarida M, Das C, Schmeisser D. Quantum size effects in TiO2 thin films grown by atomic layer deposition. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2014; 5:77-82. [PMID: 24605275 PMCID: PMC3943868 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We study the atomic layer deposition of TiO2 by means of X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The Ti precursor, titanium isopropoxide, was used in combination with H2O on Si/SiO2 substrates that were heated at 200 °C. The low growth rate (0.15 Å/cycle) and the in situ characterization permitted to follow changes in the electronic structure of TiO2 in the sub-nanometer range, which are influenced by quantum size effects. The modified electronic properties may play an important role in charge carrier transport and separation, and increase the efficiency of energy conversion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Tallarida
- Applied Physics - Sensors, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus–Senftenberg, Konrad-Wachsmann-Allee 17, 03046 Cottbus, Germany
| | - Chittaranjan Das
- Applied Physics - Sensors, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus–Senftenberg, Konrad-Wachsmann-Allee 17, 03046 Cottbus, Germany
| | - Dieter Schmeisser
- Applied Physics - Sensors, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus–Senftenberg, Konrad-Wachsmann-Allee 17, 03046 Cottbus, Germany
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Henning A, Günzburger G, Jöhr R, Rosenwaks Y, Bozic-Weber B, Housecroft CE, Constable EC, Meyer E, Glatzel T. Kelvin probe force microscopy of nanocrystalline TiO2 photoelectrodes. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2013; 4:418-428. [PMID: 23844348 PMCID: PMC3701424 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.4.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) provide a promising third-generation photovoltaic concept based on the spectral sensitization of a wide-bandgap metal oxide. Although the nanocrystalline TiO2 photoelectrode of a DSC consists of sintered nanoparticles, there are few studies on the nanoscale properties. We focus on the microscopic work function and surface photovoltage (SPV) determination of TiO2 photoelectrodes using Kelvin probe force microscopy in combination with a tunable illumination system. A comparison of the surface potentials for TiO2 photoelectrodes sensitized with two different dyes, i.e., the standard dye N719 and a copper(I) bis(imine) complex, reveals an inverse orientation of the surface dipole. A higher surface potential was determined for an N719 photoelectrode. The surface potential increase due to the surface dipole correlates with a higher DSC performance. Concluding from this, microscopic surface potential variations, attributed to the complex nanostructure of the photoelectrode, influence the DSC performance. For both bare and sensitized TiO2 photoelectrodes, the measurements reveal microscopic inhomogeneities of more than 100 mV in the work function and show recombination time differences at different locations. The bandgap of 3.2 eV, determined by SPV spectroscopy, remained constant throughout the TiO2 layer. The effect of the built-in potential on the DSC performance at the TiO2/SnO2:F interface, investigated on a nanometer scale by KPFM measurements under visible light illumination, has not been resolved so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Henning
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82 CH4056, Switzerland
- School of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Gino Günzburger
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82 CH4056, Switzerland
| | - Res Jöhr
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82 CH4056, Switzerland
| | - Yossi Rosenwaks
- School of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Biljana Bozic-Weber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 51 CH4056, Switzerland
| | | | - Edwin C Constable
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 51 CH4056, Switzerland
| | - Ernst Meyer
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82 CH4056, Switzerland
| | - Thilo Glatzel
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82 CH4056, Switzerland
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Chung CJ, Su RT, Chu HJ, Chen HT, Tsou HK, He JL. Plasma electrolytic oxidation of titanium and improvement in osseointegration. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2013; 101:1023-30. [PMID: 23529975 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Reducing the osseointegration time for biomedical titanium implants in surgical patients is an important goal. However, a huge controversy exists over the effectiveness of osseointegration of the surface layer by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), which is a widely favored surface modification for titanium-based implants. In this study, various surface coatings, including anatase-TiO2 (A-TiO2 ), rutile-TiO2 (R-TiO2 ), hydroxyapatite (HAp), strontium-containing hydroxyapatite (Sr-HAp), and dual-phase HAp-TiO2 were synthesized on titanium implants by PEO. A comparative study of osseointegration performance (both in vitro and in vivo) and bone/implant adhesion strength conducted using push-out thrust tests were demonstrated. The in vitro experimental test results agree strongly with the in vivo test results: the dual-phase HAp-TiO2 coating exhibits the superior cell adhesion and differentiation condition among all of the coatings in the in vitro tests and therefore has the highest push-out bonding strength of 5.37 MPa after 12 wk of implantation in the in vivo test. The HAp-containing coatings benefit from its bioactivity and therefore perform the others in terms of long-term osteocyte growth (from the in vitro results) and the extent of osseointegration (from the in vivo results). The dual-phase HAp-TiO2 coating provides the advantages of both the bioactive HAp and structural enhancement by the TiO2 , effectively promoting osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Jen Chung
- Department of Dental Technology and Materials Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC.
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Huo P, Hansen JØ, Martinez U, Lira E, Streber R, Wei Y, Lægsgaard E, Hammer B, Wendt S, Besenbacher F. Ethanol Diffusion on Rutile TiO2(110) Mediated by H Adatoms. J Phys Chem Lett 2012; 3:283-288. [PMID: 26285840 DOI: 10.1021/jz201616z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the diffusion of ethanol on rutile TiO2(110)-(1 × 1) by high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) measurements and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Time-lapsed STM images recorded at ∼200 K revealed the diffusion of ethanol molecules both parallel and perpendicular to the rows of surface Ti atoms. The diffusion of ethanol molecules perpendicular to the rows of surface Ti atoms was found to be mediated by H adatoms in the rows of bridge-bonded O (Obr) atoms similarly to previous results obtained for water monomers. In contrast, the diffusion of H adatoms across the Ti rows, mediated by ethanol molecules, was observed only very rarely and exclusively on fully hydrogenated TiO2(110) surfaces. Possible reasons why the diffusion of H adatoms across the Ti rows mediated by ethanol molecules occurs less frequently than the cross-row diffusion of ethanol molecules mediated by H adatoms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Huo
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jonas Ø Hansen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Umberto Martinez
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Estephania Lira
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Regine Streber
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Yinying Wei
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Erik Lægsgaard
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Bjørk Hammer
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Stefan Wendt
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Flemming Besenbacher
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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