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Hinzpeter R, Kulanthaivelu R, Kohan A, Avery L, Pham NA, Ortega C, Metser U, Haider M, Veit-Haibach P. CT Radiomics and Whole Genome Sequencing in Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Predictive Radiogenomics Modeling. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246224. [PMID: 36551709 PMCID: PMC9776865 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate whether computed tomography (CT) derived radiomics may correlate with driver gene mutations in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In this retrospective study, 47 patients (mean age 64 ± 11 years; range: 42-86 years) with PDAC, who were treated surgically and who underwent preoperative CT imaging at our institution were included in the study. Image segmentation and feature extraction was performed semi-automatically with a commonly used open-source software platform. Genomic data from whole genome sequencing (WGS) were collected from our institution's web-based resource. Two statistical models were then built, in order to evaluate the predictive ability of CT-derived radiomics feature for driver gene mutations in PDAC. 30/47 of all tumor samples harbored 2 or more gene mutations. Overall, 81% of tumor samples demonstrated mutations in KRAS, 68% of samples had alterations in TP53, 26% in SMAD4 and 19% in CDKN2A. Extended statistical analysis revealed acceptable predictive ability for KRAS and TP53 (Youden Index 0.56 and 0.67, respectively) and mild to acceptable predictive signal for SMAD4 and CDKN2A (Youden Index 0.5, respectively). Our study establishes acceptable correlation of radiomics features and driver gene mutations in PDAC, indicating an acceptable prognostication of genomic profiles using CT-derived radiomics. A larger and more homogenous cohort may further enhance the predictive ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricarda Hinzpeter
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-416-340-4800
| | - Roshini Kulanthaivelu
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Andres Kohan
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Lisa Avery
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
- Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Nhu-An Pham
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Claudia Ortega
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Ur Metser
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Masoom Haider
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Patrick Veit-Haibach
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
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Chen B, Wu Y, Ao Z, Cai H, Nunez A, Liu Y, Foley J, Nephew K, Lu X, Guo F. High-throughput acoustofluidic fabrication of tumor spheroids. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:1755-1763. [PMID: 30918934 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00135b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) culture of multicellular spheroids, offering a desirable biomimetic microenvironment, is appropriate for recapitulating tissue cellular adhesive complexity and revealing a more realistic drug response. However, current 3D culture methods are suffering from low-throughput, poor controllability, intensive-labor, and variation in spheroid size, thus not ready for many high-throughput screening applications including drug discovery and toxicity testing. Herein, we developed a high-throughput multicellular spheroid fabrication method using acoustofluidics. By acoustically-assembling cancer cells with low-cost and disposable devices, our method can produce more than 12 000 multicellular aggregates within several minutes and allow us to transfer these aggregates into ultra-low attachment dishes for long-term culture. This method can generate more than 6000 tumor spheroids per operation, and reduce tumor spheroid formation time to one day. Our platform has advantages in forming spheroids with high throughput, short time, and long-term effectiveness, and is easy-to-operation. This acoustofluidic spheroid assembly method provides a simple and efficient way to produce large numbers of uniform-sized spheroids for biomedical applications in translational medicine, pharmaceutical industry and basic life science research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Chen
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
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Polakowski T, Kerr M, Gregg Durand A. Caring for the continuum of patients with pancreatic cancer: the importance of survivorship care planning. Clin J Oncol Nurs 2016; 19:E21-4. [PMID: 25689663 DOI: 10.1188/15.cjon.e21-e24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is widely recognized as one of the most formidable cancer diagnoses. However, whether aggressive treatment is undertaken or not, it is critical for all care providers to understand the treatment plan. Survivorship care plans are a new trend in improving communication between the providers and the patient. OBJECTIVES The current article will outline the pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis and prognosis, treatment, and potential complications of pancreatic cancer. METHODS The importance of survivorship care planning will be demonstrated through a case study presentation and evidence-based discussion. In addition, a general template for a survivorship care plan has been included. FINDINGS Based on a review of current literature and recommendations, it can be concluded that survivorship care planning would be beneficial for all patients with cancer. This simple tool has the potential to improve coordination of care and patient satisfaction.
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Li W, Ma Z, Ma J, Li X, Xu Q, Duan W, Chen X, Lv Y, Zhou S, Wu E, Ma Q, Huo X. Hydrogen peroxide mediates hyperglycemia-induced invasive activity via ERK and p38 MAPK in human pancreatic cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:31119-33. [PMID: 26439801 PMCID: PMC4741592 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus and pancreatic cancer are intimately related, as approximately 85% of pancreatic cancer patients suffer from glucose intolerance or even diabetes. In this study, we evaluate the underlying mechanism by which hyperglycemia modulates the invasive potential of cancer cells and contributes to their enhanced metastatic behavior. Here we show that hyperglycemia increases the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration through up-regulation of manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) expression, which further activates the ERK and p38 MAPK pathways, as well as the transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1, in a time-dependent manner. The invasion of pancreatic cancer cells resulting from the activation of the H2O2/MAPK axis under high glucose conditions is effectively inhibited by PD 98059 (ERK inhibitor), SB 203580 (p38 MAPK inhibitor), polyethylene glycol-conjugated catalase (PEG-CAT), or the siRNA specific to SOD2. In addition, streptozotocin-treated diabetic nude mice exhibit a stronger tumor invasive ability in renal capsule xenografts which could be suppressed by PEG-CAT treatment. Furthermore, the integrated optical density (IOD) of SOD2 and uPA stainings is higher in the tumor tissues of pancreatic cancer patients with diabetes compared with pancreatic cancer patients with euglycemia. Taken together, our results demonstrate that hyperglycemia enhances cell invasive ability through the SOD2/H2O2/MAPK axis in human pancreatic cancer. Thus, SOD2/H2O2/MAPK axis may represent a promising therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer patients combined with diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhenhua Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jiguang Ma
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xuqi Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Qinhong Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Wanxing Duan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yunfu Lv
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, 58108, ND, USA
| | - Erxi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, 58108, ND, USA
| | - Qingyong Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiongwei Huo
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
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Xie C, Liu D, Chen Q, Yang C, Wang B, Wu H. Soluble B7-H3 promotes the invasion and metastasis of pancreatic carcinoma cells through the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27528. [PMID: 27273624 PMCID: PMC4897650 DOI: 10.1038/srep27528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have demonstrated a relationship between soluble B7-H3 (sB7-H3) and the poor prognosis of patients with malignant tumors, and increasing evidence has shown a connection between sB7-H3 and NF-κB in tumor progression. In the present study, we demonstrate for the first time that sB7-H3 promotes the invasion and metastasis of pancreatic carcinoma cells through the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. In this study, we observed that sB7-H3 was highly expressed in mB7-H3-positive pancreatic carcinoma (PCa) cells. Exogenous sB7-H3 significantly increased NF-κB activity and promoted the migration and invasion of PCa cells. Further studies proved that sB7-H3 first up-regulated TLR4 expression, then activated NF-κB signaling and finally promoted IL-8 and VEGF expression. In contrast, the silencing of TLR4 using a stable short hairpin RNA significantly decreased the sB7-H3-induced activity of NF-κB and the expression of IL-8 and VEGF in PCa cells. In vivo animal experiments further demonstrated that TLR4-knock-down tumor cells displayed a decreased ability to metastasize compared with the control tumor cells after being induced by sB7-H3. Collectively, these results demonstrate that sB7-H3 promotes invasion and metastasis through the TLR4/NF-κB pathway in pancreatic carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xie
- Pancreatic Disease Institute, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Danqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qijun Chen
- Pancreatic Disease Institute, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chong Yang
- Organ Transplantation Center, Hospital of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Wang
- Pancreatic Disease Institute, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Heshui Wu
- Pancreatic Disease Institute, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei province, People’s Republic of China
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite pancreatic cancer being the fifth highest cause of cancer death in developed regions, there is a paucity of population-based management details for patients with pancreatic cancer. The objective of this study was to reflect on current practice and outcomes to facilitate future improvement. METHODS A comprehensive population-based patterns-of-care study in 2 Australian states was conducted. Patients diagnosed with pancreatic adenocarcinoma between July 2009 and June 2011 were identified by cancer registries, and detailed clinical data were collected from medical records. RESULTS Data were collected for 1863 patients, 96% of those eligible. The majority resided in major cities; their median age was 72 years, and 54% were men. Over half of the cases (58%) had metastatic disease at diagnosis. Resection was attempted for 20% of patients but only completed in 15%. The uptake of adjuvant chemotherapy (76%) and the proportion alive at 1-year (22%) were higher than reported in previous population-based reports. Of those with no complete surgical resection, 43% received palliative chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS This population-based overview of the management of patients with pancreatic cancer suggests that, despite evidence that the proportion surviving and the use of adjuvant chemotherapy has increased, there may still be underutilization of cancer-directed therapies.
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Anatomical, Physiological, and Molecular Imaging for Pancreatic Cancer: Current Clinical Use and Future Implications. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:269641. [PMID: 26146615 PMCID: PMC4471256 DOI: 10.1155/2015/269641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the deadliest human malignancies. Early detection is difficult and effective treatment is limited. Verifying the presence of micrometastatic dissemination and vessel invasion remains elusive, limiting radiological staging once this diagnosis is made. Diagnostic imaging provides independent tools to evaluate and characterize the biologic behavior of pancreatic cancer. Conventional anatomic imaging alone with either CT or MRI yields useful information on organ involvement but is limited in providing molecular and physiological information. Molecular imaging techniques such as PET or MRS provide information on metabolic and signaling pathways. Advanced MR sequences that target physiological parameters expand imaging options to characterize these tumors. By considering the parametric data from these three imaging approaches (anatomic, molecular, and physiological) we can better define specific tumor signatures. Such parametric characterization can provide insight into tumor metabolism, cellular density, protein expression, focal perfusion, and vascular permeability of these tumors. Radiogenomics research has already demonstrated ability to obtain information about cancer's genotype and phenotype; this is without invasive procedures or surgery. Further advances in these areas of experimental imaging hold promise to enable future clinical advances in detection and therapy of pancreatic cancer.
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Gong J, Robbins LA, Lugea A, Waldron RT, Jeon CY, Pandol SJ. Diabetes, pancreatic cancer, and metformin therapy. Front Physiol 2014; 5:426. [PMID: 25426078 PMCID: PMC4224068 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer carries a poor prognosis as most patients present with advanced disease and preferred chemotherapy regimens offer only modest effects on survival. Risk factors include smoking, obesity, heavy alcohol, and chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatic cancer has a complex relationship with diabetes, as diabetes can be both a risk factor for pancreatic cancer and a result of pancreatic cancer. Insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and certain hormones play an important role in promoting neoplasia in diabetics. Metformin appears to reduce risk for pancreatic cancer and improve survival in diabetics with pancreatic cancer primarily by decreasing insulin/IGF signaling, disrupting mitochondrial respiration, and inhibiting the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Other potential anti-tumorigenic effects of metformin include the ability to downregulate specificity protein transcription factors and associated genes, alter microRNAs, decrease cancer stem cell proliferation, and reduce DNA damage and inflammation. Here, we review the most recent knowledge on risk factors and treatment of pancreatic cancer and the relationship between diabetes, pancreatic cancer, and metformin as a potential therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gong
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA, USA ; Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lori A Robbins
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA, USA ; Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aurelia Lugea
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA, USA ; Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Richard T Waldron
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA, USA ; Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christie Y Jeon
- Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stephen J Pandol
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA, USA ; Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Los Angeles, CA, USA ; Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Jansen RJ, Fonseca-Williams S, Bamlet WR, Ayala-Peña S, Oberg AL, Petersen GM, Torres-Ramos CA. Detection of DNA damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from pancreatic cancer patients. Mol Carcinog 2014; 54:1220-6. [PMID: 25111947 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
DNA repair is a key mechanism in maintaining genomic stability: repair deficiencies increase DNA damage and mutations that lead to several diseases, including cancer. We extracted DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 48 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cases and 48 healthy controls to determine relative levels of nuclear DNA (nDNA) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage by QPCR. All participants were never smokers and between the ages of 60 and 69. Average levels among cases were compared to controls using a rank sum test, and logistic regression adjusted for potential confounding factors (age, sex, and diabetes mellitus). Cases had less DNA damage, with a significant decrease in mtDNA damage (P-value = 0.03) and a borderline significant decrease in nDNA damage (P = 0.08). Across samples, we found mtDNA abundance was higher among non-diabetics compared to diabetics (P = 0.04). Our results suggest that patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma have less DNA damage in their PBMCs, and that having diabetes, a known pancreatic cancer risk factor, is associated with lower levels of mtDNA abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick J Jansen
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - William R Bamlet
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sylvette Ayala-Peña
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Ann L Oberg
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Gloria M Petersen
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Carlos A Torres-Ramos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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Dragovich T, Laheru D, Dayyani F, Bolejack V, Smith L, Seng J, Burris H, Rosen P, Hidalgo M, Ritch P, Baker AF, Raghunand N, Crowley J, Von Hoff DD. Phase II trial of vatalanib in patients with advanced or metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma after first-line gemcitabine therapy (PCRT O4-001). Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2014; 74:379-87. [PMID: 24939212 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-014-2499-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vatalanib (PTK 787/ZK22584) is an oral poly-tyrosine kinase inhibitor with strong affinity for platelet-derived growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors. We conducted an open-label, phase II multicenter therapeutic trial investigating the efficacy and tolerability of vatalanib in patients with metastatic or advanced pancreatic cancer who failed first-line gemcitabine-based therapy. METHODS Vatalanib treatment consisted of a twice daily oral dosing using a "ramp-up schedule," beginning with 250 mg bid during week 1,500 mg bid during week 2, and 750 mg bid on week three and thereafter. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the 6-month survival rate. RESULTS Sixty-seven patients were enrolled. The median age was 64, and 66% (N = 43) had only one prior regimen. Common grade 3/4 adverse events included hypertension (20%; N = 13), fatigue (17%; N = 11), abdominal pain (17%; N = 11), and elevated alkaline phosphatase (15%; N = 10). Among the 65 evaluable patients, the 6-month survival rate was 29% (95% CI 18-41%) and the median progression-free survival was 2 months. Fifteen patients survived 6 months or more. Two patients had objective partial responses, and 28% of patients had stable disease. Changes in biomarkers including soluble VEGF and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor did not correlate with response to drug. CONCLUSION Vatalanib was well tolerated as a second-line therapy and resulted in favorable 6-month survival rate in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer, compared with historic controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dragovich
- Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1900 N. Higley Road, Gilbert, AZ, 85234, USA,
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Li W, Ma J, Ma Q, Li B, Han L, Liu J, Xu Q, Duan W, Yu S, Wang F, Wu E. Resveratrol inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of pancreatic cancer cells via suppression of the PI-3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway. Curr Med Chem 2014; 20:4185-4194. [PMID: 23992306 DOI: 10.2174/09298673113209990251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol (trans-3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene), a natural polyphenolic compound detected in grapes, berries, and peanuts, possesses a wide spectrum of pharmacological properties, including anti-tumor metastasis activities. However, the underlying mechanisms through which resveratrol inhibits the metastasis of pancreatic cancer are still not fully elucidated. As epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key player for metastasis in tumor, the aim of this study is to determine whether resveratrol affects EMT in pancreatic cancer cells and the related mechanism. The results showed that resveratrol not only inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in a dose-dependent manner, but also mediated the expression of EMT-related genes (E-cadherin, N-cadherin, vimentin, MMP-2, and MMP-9) which are important for cancer cellular motility, invasiveness and metastasis during tumorigenesis. In addition, the levels of phospho-Akt and phospho- NF-κB in BxPC-3 and Panc-1 cells were reduced by both resveratrol and LY294002 (a PI3-K inhibitor). Furthermore, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-induced alterations in cell morphology that are characteristic of EMT as well as increased cell invasive ability could also be reversed by resveratrol. Taken together, these data indicate that resveratrol suppresses pancreatic cancer migration and invasion through the inhibition of the PI-3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway. This study suggests that resveratrol may be a potential anticancer agent for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiguang Ma
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingyong Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liang Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiangbo Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qinhong Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wanxing Duan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuo Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengfei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| | - Erxi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
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12
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Xu C, Wallace MB, Yang J, Jiang L, Zhai Q, Zhang Y, Hong C, Chen Y, Frank TS, Stauffer JA, Asbun HJ, Raimondo M, Woodward TA, Li Z, Guha S, Zheng L, Li M. ZIP4 is a novel diagnostic and prognostic marker in human pancreatic cancer: a systemic comparison between EUS-FNA and surgical specimens. Curr Mol Med 2014; 14:309-15. [PMID: 24345208 PMCID: PMC6870177 DOI: 10.2174/1566524013666131217112921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant expression of a zinc transporter ZIP4 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has been shown to contribute to tumor progression and is a potential target for individualized therapy. The overall objective of this study was to determine whether ZIP4 could serve as a novel diagnostic and prognostic marker in human PDAC, and if it can be assessed by minimally invasive sampling using endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). Immunohistochemistry was performed to compare ZIP4 expression in the PDAC samples obtained from EUS-FNA and matched surgical tumors (parallel control). Samples were reported by sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values, all with 95% confidence intervals (CI). A total of 23 cases with both FNA and surgical specimens were evaluated. We found that ZIP4 was significantly overexpressed in tumor cells from both sets of samples. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of ZIP4 for the diagnosis of PDAC were 72.9%, 72.5%, 76.1%, and 69.0% in EUS-FNA samples, and were 97.9%, 65.4%, 83.9%, and 94.4% in surgical specimens, respectively. The association between the positive rate of ZIP4 expression in FNA and surgical samples is statistically significant (P=0.0216). Both the intensity and percentage of ZIP4 positive cells from the surgical samples correlated significantly with tumor stage (P=0.0025 and P=0.0002). ZIP4 intensity level in FNA samples was significantly associated with tumor differentiation and patient survival. These results indicate that EUS-FNA is capable of non-operative detection of ZIP4, thus offering the potential to direct pre-operative detection and targeted therapy of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - M Li
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, the University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, MSE R131, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Torres MP, Rachagani S, Souchek JJ, Mallya K, Johansson SL, Batra SK. Novel pancreatic cancer cell lines derived from genetically engineered mouse models of spontaneous pancreatic adenocarcinoma: applications in diagnosis and therapy. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80580. [PMID: 24278292 PMCID: PMC3835415 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) remains one of the most lethal human malignancies with poor prognosis. Despite all advances in preclinical research, there have not been significant translation of novel therapies into the clinics. The development of genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models that produce spontaneous pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have increased our understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease. Although these PDAC mouse models are ideal for studying potential therapies and specific genetic mutations, there is a need for developing syngeneic cell lines from these models. In this study, we describe the successful establishment and characterization of three cell lines derived from two (PDAC) mouse models. The cell line UN-KC-6141 was derived from a pancreatic tumor of a KrasG12D;Pdx1-Cre (KC) mouse at 50 weeks of age, whereas UN-KPC-960 and UN-KPC-961 cell lines were derived from pancreatic tumors of KrasG12D;Trp53R172H;Pdx1-Cre (KPC) mice at 17 weeks of age. The cancer mutations of these parent mice carried over to the daughter cell lines (i.e. KrasG12D mutation was observed in all three cell lines while Trp53 mutation was observed only in KPC cell lines). The cell lines showed typical cobblestone epithelial morphology in culture, and unlike the previously established mouse PDAC cell line Panc02, expressed the ductal marker CK19. Furthermore, these cell lines expressed the epithelial-mesenchymal markers E-cadherin and N-cadherin, and also, Muc1 and Muc4 mucins. In addition, these cell lines were resistant to the chemotherapeutic drug Gemcitabine. Their implantation in vivo produced subcutaneous as well as tumors in the pancreas (orthotopic). The genetic mutations in these cell lines mimic the genetic compendium of human PDAC, which make them valuable models with a high potential of translational relevance for examining diagnostic markers and therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- María P. Torres
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Joshua J. Souchek
- Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Kavita Mallya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Sonny L. Johansson
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Surinder K. Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
- Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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14
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Efficacy of nimotuzumab plus gemcitabine usage as first-line treatment in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:2313-8. [PMID: 24142531 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1306-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced pancreatic cancer patients have poor prognosis and scarcely respond to conventional therapies. Clinical trials support the use of molecular-targeted therapy against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the contribution of a monoclonal antibody against EGFR, nimotuzumab, to standard gemcitabine therapy. Patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma were assigned to receive gemcitabine plus nimotuzumab. The primary end point was overall survival, whereas the secondary end points included progression-free survival, objective response, and adverse side effects. A total of 18 eligible patients were accrued between December 2007 and July 2010. The disease control rate, calculated as the sum of complete response, partial response, and stable disease, was 55.6%. The median overall survival time was 9.29 months (95% CI, 5.499 to 13.072). The median progression-free survival was 3.71 months (95% CI, 2.526 to 4.902), and the 1-year survival rate was 38.9%. Of all the patients, 88.8% had at least one adverse side effect; however, no grade 4 adverse side effect was reported. Nimotuzumab as a high-purity humanized monoclonal antibody with favorable safety profile, its value in the treatment of pancreatic cancer along with gemcitabine, particularly in the comprehensive treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer, is appealing for further prospective randomized large-scale clinical trials.
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15
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Xu C, Li H, Su C, Li Z. Viral therapy for pancreatic cancer: tackle the bad guys with poison. Cancer Lett 2013; 333:1-8. [PMID: 23354590 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most devastating diseases with very poor prognosis. Only a small proportion is curable by surgical resection, whilst standard chemotherapy for patients with advanced disease has only modest effect with substantial toxicity. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of novel therapeutic approaches to improve the patient outcome. Recently the viral therapy is emerging as a novel effective therapeutic approach for cancer with the potential to selectively treat both primary tumor and metastatic lesions. This review provides an overview of the current status of viral treatment for pancreatic cancer, both in the laboratories and in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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16
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Deharvengt SJ, Tse D, Sideleva O, McGarry C, Gunn JR, Longnecker DS, Carriere C, Stan RV. PV1 down-regulation via shRNA inhibits the growth of pancreatic adenocarcinoma xenografts. J Cell Mol Med 2012; 16:2690-700. [PMID: 22568538 PMCID: PMC3435473 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2012.01587.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PV1 is an endothelial-specific protein with structural roles in the formation of diaphragms in endothelial cells of normal vessels. PV1 is also highly expressed on endothelial cells of many solid tumours. On the basis of in vitro data, PV1 is thought to actively participate in angiogenesis. To test whether or not PV1 has a function in tumour angiogenesis and in tumour growth in vivo, we have treated pancreatic tumour-bearing mice by single-dose intratumoural delivery of lentiviruses encoding for two different shRNAs targeting murine PV1. We find that PV1 down-regulation by shRNAs inhibits the growth of established tumours derived from two different human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines (AsPC-1 and BxPC-3). The effect observed is because of down-regulation of PV1 in the tumour endothelial cells of host origin, PV1 being specifically expressed in tumour vascular endothelial cells and not in cancer or other stromal cells. There are no differences in vascular density of tumours treated or not with PV1 shRNA, and gain and loss of function of PV1 in endothelial cells does not modify either their proliferation or migration, suggesting that tumour angiogenesis is not impaired. Together, our data argue that down-regulation of PV1 in tumour endothelial cells results in the inhibition of tumour growth via a mechanism different from inhibiting angiogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/blood supply
- Adenocarcinoma/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma/pathology
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement/genetics
- Down-Regulation
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Lentivirus/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Nude
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/blood supply
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/pharmacology
- Stromal Cells/metabolism
- Stromal Cells/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie J Deharvengt
- Departments of Pathology, Geisel School of Medicine at DartmouthLebanon, NH, USA
| | - Dan Tse
- Departments of Pathology, Geisel School of Medicine at DartmouthLebanon, NH, USA
| | - Olga Sideleva
- Departments of Pathology, Geisel School of Medicine at DartmouthLebanon, NH, USA
| | - Caitlin McGarry
- Departments of Pathology, Geisel School of Medicine at DartmouthLebanon, NH, USA
| | - Jason R Gunn
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at DartmouthLebanon, NH, USA
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Thayer School of EngineeringHanover, NH, USA
| | - Daniel S Longnecker
- Departments of Pathology, Geisel School of Medicine at DartmouthLebanon, NH, USA
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at DartmouthLebanon, NH, USA
| | - Catherine Carriere
- Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at DartmouthLebanon, NH, USA
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at DartmouthLebanon, NH, USA
| | - Radu V Stan
- Departments of Pathology, Geisel School of Medicine at DartmouthLebanon, NH, USA
- Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at DartmouthLebanon, NH, USA
- Heart and Vascular Research Center, Geisel School of Medicine at DartmouthLebanon, NH, USA
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at DartmouthLebanon, NH, USA
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17
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Huang ZM, Pan CC, Wu PH, Zhao M, Li W, Huang ZL, Yi RY. Efficacy of minimally invasive therapies on unresectable pancreatic cancer. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2012; 32:334-41. [PMID: 22958741 PMCID: PMC3845623 DOI: 10.5732/cjc.012.10093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
For patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer, current chemotherapies have negligible survival benefits. Thus, developing effective minimally invasive therapies is currently underway. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization plus radiofrequency ablation and/or 125I radioactive seed implantation on unresectable pancreatic cancer. We analyzed the outcome of 71 patients with unresectable pancreatic carcinoma who underwent chemoembolization plus radiofrequency ablation and/or radioactive seed implantation. Of the 71 patients, the median survival was 11 months, and the 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival rates were 32.4%, 9.9%, and 6.6% respectively. Patients who had no metastasis, who had oligonodular liver metastases (≤3 lesions), and who had multinodular liver metastases (>3 lesions) had median survival of 12, 18, and 8 months, respectively, and 1-year overall survival rates of 50.0%, 68.8%, and 5.7%, respectively. Although the survival of patients without liver metastases was worse than that of patients with oligonodular liver metastasis, the result was not significant (P = 0.239). In contrast, the metastasis-negative patients had significantly better survival than did patients with multinodular liver metastases (P < 0.001). Patients with oligonodular liver lesions had a significanthg longer median survival than did patients with multinodular lesions (P < 0.001). In conclusion, combined minimally invasive therapies had good efficacy on unresectable pancreatic cancer and resulted in a good control of liver metastases. In addition, the number of liver metastases was a significant factor in predicting prognosis and response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Mei Huang
- Division of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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18
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Huang ZM, Pan CC, Wu PH, Zhao M, Li W, Huang ZL, Yi RY. Efficacy of minimally invasive therapies on unresectable pancreatic cancer. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2012. [PMID: 22958741 DOI: 10.5732/cjc.012.10093.epub] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
For patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer, current chemotherapies have negligible survival benefits. Thus, developing effective minimally invasive therapies is currently underway. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization plus radiofrequency ablation and/or 125I radioactive seed implantation on unresectable pancreatic cancer. We analyzed the outcome of 71 patients with unresectable pancreatic carcinoma who underwent chemoembolization plus radiofrequency ablation and/or radioactive seed implantation. Of the 71 patients, the median survival was 11 months, and the 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival rates were 32.4%, 9.9%, and 6.6%, respectively. Patients who had no metastasis, who had oligonodular liver metastases (≤3 lesions), and who had multinodular liver metastases (>3 lesions) had median survival of 12, 18, and 8 months, respectively, and 1-year overall survival rates of 50.0%, 68.8%, and 5.7%, respectively. Although the survival of patients without liver metastases was worse than that of patients with oligonodular liver metastasis, the result was not significant (P = 0.239). In contrast, the metastasis-negative patients had significantly better survival than did patients with multinodular liver metastases (P < 0.001). Patients with oligonodular liver lesions had a significant longer median survival than did patients with multinodular lesions (P < 0.001). In conclusion, combined minimally invasive therapies had good efficacy on unresectable pancreatic cancer and resulted in a good control of liver metastases. In addition, the number of liver metastases was a significant factor in predicting prognosis and response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Mei Huang
- Division of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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19
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Abstract
Perineural invasion (PNI) is a prominent characteristic of pancreatic cancer. PNI is a process whereby cancer cells invade the surrounding nerves, thus providing an alternative route for metastatic spread and pain generation. PNI is thought to be an indicator of aggressive tumour behaviour and has been shown to correlate with poor prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer. Recent studies demonstrated that some signalling molecules and pathways that are involved in PNI are also involved in pain generation. Targeting these signalling pathways has shown some promise in alleviating pain and reducing PNI, which could potentially improve treatment outcomes for patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi A Bapat
- Clinical Translational Research Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, 13208 East Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, USA
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