1
|
Tripathi S, Gupta E, Galande S. Statins as anti-tumor agents: A paradigm for repurposed drugs. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e2078. [PMID: 38711272 PMCID: PMC11074523 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.2078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Statins, frequently prescribed medications, work by inhibiting the rate-limiting enzyme HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) in the mevalonate pathway to reduce cholesterol levels. Due to their multifaceted benefits, statins are being adapted for use as cost-efficient, safe and effective anti-cancer treatments. Several studies have shown that specific types of cancer are responsive to statin medications since they rely on the mevalonate pathway for their growth and survival. RECENT FINDINGS Statin are a class of drugs known for their potent inhibition of cholesterol production and are typically prescribed to treat high cholesterol levels. Nevertheless, there is growing interest in repurposing statins for the treatment of malignant neoplastic diseases, often in conjunction with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The mechanism behind statin treatment includes targeting apoptosis through the BCL2 signaling pathway, regulating the cell cycle via the p53-YAP axis, and imparting epigenetic modulations by altering methylation patterns on CpG islands and histone acetylation by downregulating DNMTs and HDACs respectively. Notably, some studies have suggested a potential chemo-preventive effect, as decreased occurrence of tumor relapse and enhanced survival rate were reported in patients undergoing long-term statin therapy. However, the definitive endorsement of statin usage in cancer therapy hinges on population based clinical studies with larger patient cohorts and extended follow-up periods. CONCLUSIONS The potential of anti-cancer properties of statins seems to reach beyond their influence on cholesterol production. Further investigations are necessary to uncover their effects on cancer promoting signaling pathways. Given their distinct attributes, statins might emerge as promising contenders in the fight against tumorigenesis, as they appear to enhance the efficacy and address the limitations of conventional cancer treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Tripathi
- Laboratory of Chromatin Biology & EpigeneticsIndian Institute of Science Education and ResearchPuneIndia
| | - Ekta Gupta
- Laboratory of Chromatin Biology & EpigeneticsIndian Institute of Science Education and ResearchPuneIndia
| | - Sanjeev Galande
- Laboratory of Chromatin Biology & EpigeneticsIndian Institute of Science Education and ResearchPuneIndia
- Centre of Excellence in Epigenetics, Department of Life SciencesShiv Nadar Institution of EminenceGautam Buddha NagarIndia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mei J, Qian M, Hou Y, Liang M, Chen Y, Wang C, Zhang J. Association of saturated fatty acids with cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:32. [PMID: 38291432 PMCID: PMC10826095 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02025-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Extensive research has explored the link between saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and cardiovascular diseases, alongside other biological dysfunctions. Yet, their association with cancer risk remains a topic of debate among scholars. The present study aimed to elucidate this association through a robust meta-analysis. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched systematically to identify relevant studies published until December 2023. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used as the primary metric for evaluating the quality of the included studies. Further, fixed- or random-effects models were adopted to determine the ORs and the associated confidence intervals using the Stata15.1 software. The subsequent subgroup analysis revealed the source of detection and the cancer types, accompanied by sensitivity analyses and publication bias evaluations. RESULTS The meta-analysis incorporated 55 studies, comprising 38 case-control studies and 17 cohort studies. It revealed a significant positive correlation between elevated levels of total SFAs and the cancer risk (OR of 1.294; 95% CI: 1.182-1.416; P-value less than 0.001). Moreover, elevated levels of C14:0, C16:0, and C18:0 were implicated in the augmentation of the risk of cancer. However, no statistically significant correlation of the risk of cancer was observed with the elevated levels of C4:0, C6:0, C8:0, C10:0, C12:0, C15:0, C17:0, C20:0, C22:0, and C24:0. Subgroup analysis showed a significant relationship between excessive dietary SFA intake, elevated blood SFA levels, and heightened cancer risk. Increased total SFA levels correlated with higher risks of breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers, but not with lung, pancreatic, ovarian, or stomach cancers. CONCLUSION High total SFA levels were correlated with an increased cancer risk, particularly affecting breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers. Higher levels of specific SFA subtypes (C14:0, C16:0, and C18:0) are also linked to an increased cancer risk. The findings of the present study would assist in providing dietary recommendations for cancer prevention, thereby contributing to the development of potential strategies for clinical trials in which diet-related interventions would be used in combination with immunotherapy to alter the levels of SFAs in patients and thereby improve the outcomes in cancer patients. Nonetheless, further high-quality studies are warranted to confirm these associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Mei
- Medical College of Shihezi University, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Meiyu Qian
- Medical College of Shihezi University, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Yanting Hou
- Medical College of Shihezi University, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Maodi Liang
- Medical College of Shihezi University, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Medical College of Shihezi University, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Cuizhe Wang
- Medical College of Shihezi University, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Medical College of Shihezi University, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang J, Liu J, Yuan C, Yang B, Pang H, Chen K, Feng J, Deng Y, Zhang X, Li W, Wang C, Xie J, Zhang J. Palmitic acid-activated GPRs/KLF7/CCL2 pathway is involved in the crosstalk between bone marrow adipocytes and prostate cancer. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:75. [PMID: 38221626 PMCID: PMC10789002 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11826-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity-induced abnormal bone marrow microenvironment is one of the important risk element for bone metastasis in prostate cancer (PCa). The present study aimed to determine whether obesity-induced elevation in palmitic acid (PA), which is the most abundant of the free fatty acids (FFAs), increased CCL2 via the GPRs/KLF7 pathway in bone marrow adipocytes (BMA) to facilitate PCa growth and metastasis. METHODS We constructed a bone-tumor bearing mouse model with obesity through high-fat diet, and observed the tumor formation ability of PCa cells. In vitro, observe the effect of PA on the expression level of CCL2 in BMA through GPRs/KLF7 signaling pathway. After co-culture of BMA and PCa cells, CCK8 assay and transwell experiment were used to detect the changes in biological behavior of PCa cells stimulated by BMA. RESULTS The BMA distribution in the bone marrow cavity of BALB/c nude mice fed with the high-fat diet (HFD) was evidently higher than that in the mice fed with the normal diet (ND). Moreover, HFD-induced obesity promoted KLF7/CCL2 expression in BMA and PCa cell growth in the bone marrow cavity of the mice. In the vitro experiment, a conditioned medium with increased CCL2 obtained from the BMA cultured with PA (CM-BMA-PA) was used for culturing the PCa cell lines, which evidently enhanced the proliferation, invasion, and migration ability. KLF7 significantly increased the CCL2 expression and secretion levels in BMA by targeting the promoter region of the CCL2 gene. In addition, GPR40/120 engaged in the PA-induced high KLF7/CCL2 levels in BMA to facilitate the malignant progression of PC-3 cells. CONCLUSIONS PA-activated GPRs/KLF7/CCL2 pathway in BMA facilitates prostate cancer growth and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhou Wang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Chenggang Yuan
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Bingqi Yang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Huai Pang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Keru Chen
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiale Feng
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yuchun Deng
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xueting Zhang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wei Li
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Cuizhe Wang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Jianxin Xie
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li X, Yuan C, Yang B, Pang H, Li W, Li M, Tang Y, Ma D, Xie J, Wang J, Zhang J. Caprylic Acid (FFA C8:0) promotes the progression of prostate cancer by up-regulating G protein-coupled receptor 84/ Krüppel-like factor 7. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:426. [PMID: 37170248 PMCID: PMC10173472 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10841-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In previous study, we found that the content of medium-chain fatty acid Caprylic Acid (FFA C8:0) may be an important risk factor of obesity induced prostate cancer (PCa). However, the relationship between FFA C8:0 and PCa has not been reported. In this study, we explored whether the FFA C8:0 can promotes the progression of PCa by up-regulating Krüppel-like factor 7 (KLF7). METHODS We collected tissues from PCa patients and Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH), constructed a primary-tumor bearing mouse model with obesity through high-fat diet, and observed the tumor formation ability of PCa cells. In vitro, CCK8 assay, plate cloning, Transwell and scratch experiment were used to detect the changes in biological behavior of PCa cells stimulated by FFA C8:0. RESULTS First, we found that the expression level of KLF7 is higher in PCa tissues of patients, and the expression of KLF7 is positively correlated with tumour-promoting gene IL-6, while it is negative correlated with another tumour-suppressor gene p21. Then, this study found that PCa cells were more likely to form tumors in diet induced obese mice. Compared with the normal diet group (ND), the expression levels of KLF7 in tumor tissues in high-fat diet group (HFD) were higher. Futhermore, we verified that high concentrations of FFA C8:0 can promote the biological behavior of PCa cells by activating KLF7/IL-6/p21 signaling pathway, which is mediated by the GPR84. CONCLUSIONS Our research may provide a potential target for clinical prevention and treatment of PCa which induced by obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Zhanjiang Central People's Hospital, Zhanjiang, 524045, China
| | - Chenggang Yuan
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Bingqi Yang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Huai Pang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wei Li
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Menghuan Li
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yihan Tang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Dingling Ma
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jianxin Xie
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Jingzhou Wang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Bei-Er-Lu, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hartley A, Ahmad I. The role of PPARγ in prostate cancer development and progression. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:940-945. [PMID: 36510001 PMCID: PMC10006070 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-02096-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced and metastatic prostate cancer is often incurable, but its dependency on certain molecular alterations may provide the basis for targeted therapies. A growing body of research has demonstrated that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is amplified as prostate cancer progresses. PPARγ has been shown to support prostate cancer growth through its roles in fatty acid synthesis, mitochondrial biogenesis, and co-operating with androgen receptor signalling. Interestingly, splice variants of PPARγ may have differing and contrasting roles. PPARγ itself is a highly druggable target, with agonists having been used for the past two decades in treating diabetes. However, side effects associated with these compounds have currently limited clinical use of these drugs in prostate cancer. Further understanding of PPARγ and novel techniques to target it, may provide therapies for advanced prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Hartley
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Imran Ahmad
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pathophysiology of obesity and its associated diseases. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
|
7
|
Karunasinghe N. Zinc in Prostate Health and Disease: A Mini Review. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123206. [PMID: 36551962 PMCID: PMC9775643 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction-With the high global prevalence of prostate cancer and associated mortalities, it is important to enhance current clinical practices for better prostate cancer outcomes. The current review is towards understanding the value of Zn towards this mission. Method-General information on Zn in biology and multiple aspects of Zn involvement in prostate health and disease were referred to in PubMed. Results-The most influential feature of Zn towards prostate health is its ability to retain sufficient citrate levels for a healthy prostate. Zn deficiencies were recorded in serum, hair, and prostate tissue of men with prostate cancer compared to non-cancer controls. Zn gut absorption, albumin binding, and storage compete with various factors. There are multiple associations of Zn cellular influx and efflux transporters, Zn finger proteins, matrix metalloproteinases, and Zn signaling with prostate cancer outcomes. Such Zn marker variations associated with prostate cancer recorded from biological matrices may improve algorithms for prostate cancer screening, prognosis, and management when coupled with standard clinical practices. Discussion-The influence of Zn in prostatic health and disease is multidimensional, therefore more personalized Zn requirements may be beneficial. Several opportunities exist to utilize and improve understanding of Zn associations with prostate health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nishi Karunasinghe
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yin H, Liu Y, Yue H, Tian Y, Dong P, Xue C, Zhao YT, Zhao Z, Wang J. DHA- and EPA-Enriched Phosphatidylcholine Suppress Human Lung Carcinoma 95D Cells Metastasis via Activating the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14214675. [PMID: 36364935 PMCID: PMC9654432 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The antineoplastic effects of docosahexaenoic acid-containing phosphatidylcholine (DHA-PC) and eicosapentaenoic acid-containing phosphatidylcholine (EPA-PC) were explored, and their underlying mechanisms in the human lung carcinoma 95D cells (95D cells) were investigated. After treatment of 95D cells with DHA-PC or EPA-PC, cell biological behaviors such as growth, adhesion, migration, and invasion were studied. Immunofluorescence and western blotting were carried out to assess underlying molecular mechanisms. Results showed that 95D cells proliferation and adherence in the DHA-PC or EPA-PC group were drastically inhibited than the control group. DHA-PC and EPA-PC suppressed the migration and invasion of 95D cells by disrupting intracellular F-actin, which drives cell movement. The protein expression of PPARγ was induced versus the control group. Furthermore, critical factors related to invasion, including matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), heparanase (Hpa), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), were drastically downregulated through the PPARγ/NF-κB signaling pathway. C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and cofilin were significantly suppressed via DHA-PC and EPA-PC through the PPARγ/phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/serine-threonine protein kinase (AKT) signaling pathway. DHA-PC and EPA-PC reversed the PPARγ antagonist GW9662-induced reduction of 95D cells in migration and invasion capacity, suggesting that PPARγ was directly involved in the anti-metastasis efficacy of DHA-PC and EPA-PC. In conclusion, DHA-PC and EPA-PC have great potential for cancer therapy, and the antineoplastic effects involve the activation of PPARγ. EPA-PC showed more pronounced antineoplastic effects than DHA-PC, possibly due to the more robust activation of PPARγ by EPA-PC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Yin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hao Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yingying Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ping Dong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yun-Tao Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Zifang Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Hainan Huayan Collagen Technology Co., Ltd., Haikou 571000, China
- Correspondence: (Z.Z.); (J.W.); Tel.: +86-898-6655-3777 (Z.Z.); +86-532-8203-1967 (J.W.)
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Correspondence: (Z.Z.); (J.W.); Tel.: +86-898-6655-3777 (Z.Z.); +86-532-8203-1967 (J.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang J, Huang Q, Hu X, Zhang S, Jiang Y, Yao G, Hu K, Xu X, Liang B, Wu Q, Ma Z, Wang Y, Wang C, Wu Z, Rong X, Liao W, Shi M. Disrupting Circadian Rhythm via the PER1-HK2 Axis Reverses Trastuzumab Resistance in Gastric Cancer. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1503-1517. [PMID: 35255118 PMCID: PMC9662874 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-1820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Trastuzumab is the only approved targeted drug for first-line treatment of HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer, but the high rate of primary resistance and rapid emergence of secondary resistance limit its clinical benefits. We found that trastuzumab-resistant (TR) gastric cancer cells exhibited high glycolytic activity, which was controlled by hexokinase 2 (HK2)-dependent glycolysis with a circadian pattern [higher at zeitgeber time (ZT) 6, lower at ZT18]. Mechanistically, HK2 circadian oscillation was regulated by a transcriptional complex composed of PPARγ and the core clock gene PER1. In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that silencing PER1 disrupted the circadian rhythm of PER1-HK2 and reversed trastuzumab resistance. Moreover, metformin, which inhibits glycolysis and PER1, combined with trastuzumab at ZT6, significantly improved trastuzumab efficacy in gastric cancer. Collectively, these data introduce the circadian clock into trastuzumab therapy and propose a potentially effective chronotherapy strategy to reverse trastuzumab resistance in gastric cancer. SIGNIFICANCE In trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive gastric cancer, glycolysis fluctuates with a circadian oscillation regulated by the BMAL1-CLOCK-PER1-HK2 axis, which can be disrupted with a metformin-based chronotherapy to overcome trastuzumab resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Huang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingbin Hu
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyu Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Breast Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kongzhen Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, GDMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bishan Liang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qijing Wu
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenfeng Ma
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawen Wang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunlin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Wu
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiang Rong
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wangjun Liao
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Shi
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Corresponding Author: Min Shi, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chi T, Wang M, Wang X, Yang K, Xie F, Liao Z, Wei P. PPAR-γ Modulators as Current and Potential Cancer Treatments. Front Oncol 2021; 11:737776. [PMID: 34631571 PMCID: PMC8495261 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.737776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, cancer has become one of the leading causes of mortality. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) is a family of critical sensors of lipids as well as regulators of diverse metabolic pathways. They are also equipped with the capability to promote eNOS activation, regulate immunity and inflammation response. Aside from the established properties, emerging discoveries are also made in PPAR's functions in the cancer field. All considerations are given, there exists great potential in PPAR modulators which may hold in the management of cancers. In particular, PPAR-γ, the most expressed subtype in adipose tissues with two isoforms of different tissue distribution, has been proven to be able to inhibit cell proliferation, induce cell cycle termination and apoptosis of multiple cancer cells, promote intercellular adhesion, and cripple the inflamed state of tumor microenvironment, both on transcriptional and protein level. However, despite the multi-functionalities, the safety of PPAR-γ modulators is still of clinical concern in terms of dosage, drug interactions, cancer types and stages, etc. This review aims to consolidate the functions of PPAR-γ, the current and potential applications of PPAR-γ modulators, and the challenges in applying PPAR-γ modulators to cancer treatment, in both laboratory and clinical settings. We sincerely hope to provide a comprehensive perspective on the prospect of PPAR-γ applicability in the field of cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiange Chi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,First Clinical Medical School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mina Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Feiyu Xie
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Oncology Department, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zehuan Liao
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peng Wei
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu RZ, Godbout R. An Amplified Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Gene Cluster in Prostate Cancer: Emerging Roles in Lipid Metabolism and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3823. [PMID: 33352874 PMCID: PMC7766576 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment for early stage and localized prostate cancer (PCa) is highly effective. Patient survival, however, drops dramatically upon metastasis due to drug resistance and cancer recurrence. The molecular mechanisms underlying PCa metastasis are complex and remain unclear. It is therefore crucial to decipher the key genetic alterations and relevant molecular pathways driving PCa metastatic progression so that predictive biomarkers and precise therapeutic targets can be developed. Through PCa cohort analysis, we found that a fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) gene cluster (containing five FABP family members) is preferentially amplified and overexpressed in metastatic PCa. All five FABP genes reside on chromosome 8 at 8q21.13, a chromosomal region frequently amplified in PCa. There is emerging evidence that these FABPs promote metastasis through distinct biological actions and molecular pathways. In this review, we discuss how these FABPs may serve as drivers/promoters for PCa metastatic transformation using patient cohort analysis combined with a review of the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Roseline Godbout
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hyperadiposity, as present in obesity, is a substantial threat to cancer risk and prognosis. Studies that have investigated the link between obesity and tumor progression have proposed several mechanistic frameworks, yet, these mechanisms are not fully defined. Further, a comprehensive understanding of how these various mechanisms may interact to create a dynamic disease state is lacking in the current literature. RECENT FINDINGS Recent work has begun to explore not only discrete mechanisms by which obesity may promote tumor growth (for instance, metabolic and growth factor functions of insulin; inflammatory cytokines; adipokines; and others), but also how these putative tumor-promoting factors may interact. SUMMARY This review will highlight the present understanding of obesity, as it relates to tumor development and progression. First, we will introduce the impact of obesity in cancer within the dynamic tumor microenvironment, which will serve as a theme to frame this review. The core of this review will discuss recently proposed mechanisms that implicate obesity in tumor progression, including chronic inflammation and the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines, adipokines, hormones, and genetic approaches. Furthermore, we intend to offer current insight in targeting adipose tissue during the development of cancer prevention and treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andin Fosam
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, School of Medicine Yale University, TAC, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Rachel J Perry
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, School of Medicine Yale University, TAC, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang C, Wang J, Chen K, Pang H, Li X, Zhu J, Ma Y, Qiu T, Li W, Xie J, Zhang J. Caprylic acid (C8:0) promotes bone metastasis of prostate cancer by dysregulated adipo-osteogenic balance in bone marrow. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:3600-3612. [PMID: 32770813 PMCID: PMC7540990 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) continues to be the most common, noncutaneous cancer in men. Bone is the most frequent site of PCa metastases, and up to 90% of patients with advanced PCa develop bone metastases. An altered bone marrow microenvironment, induced by obesity, is a significant mediator for the bone tropism of PCa. However, the specific molecular mechanisms by which obesity causes changes in the bone marrow microenvironment, leading to PCa bone metastasis, are not fully understood. Our results demonstrate that a high‐fat diet (HFD) leads to dyslipidemia and changes in bone marrow of nude mice: an increase in the area and number of adipocytes and a reduction in the area and number of osteoblasts. Moreover, a HFD promoted cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) expression and inhibited osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression in the bone microenvironment. Additionally, the total level of free fatty acids (FFAs) and caprylic acid (C8:0) was significantly higher in PCa patients with bone metastases. In vitro, caprylic acid (C8:0) promoted bone mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)‐derived adipocytic differentiation, COX2 expression, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion, whereas osteoblastic differentiation and OPG expression were reduced. Furthermore, caprylic acid (C8:0)‐treated adipocytes promoted the invasion and migration of PCa cells. Taken together, our findings suggest caprylic acid (C8:0) promotes bone metastasis of PCa by dysregulated adipo‐osteogenic balance of bone marrow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cuizhe Wang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jingzhou Wang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China
| | - Keru Chen
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China
| | - Huai Pang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xue Li
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhu
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yinghua Ma
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China
| | - Tongtong Qiu
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wei Li
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jianxin Xie
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Isidoro C. Nutraceuticals and diet in human health and disease. The special issue at a glance. J Tradit Complement Med 2020; 10:175-179. [PMID: 32670811 PMCID: PMC7340978 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This first Special Issue collects fifteen original research and up-to-date review articles addressing the beneficial properties of herbal products, nutrient supplements, dietary regimens, and functional food for the complementary therapy of human pathologies. In these articles, renowned scholars present and discuss the curative effects and the molecular mechanisms of action of nutraceuticals, medicinal herbs, and dietary regimens that have been proven effective in the treatment of cancers, metabolic syndrome, fatty liver disease, hearth arrythmia and neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Isidoro
- Università Del Piemonte Orientale, Department of Health Sciences, Novara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|