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Song J, Li Y, Zhu J, Liang J, Xue S, Zhu Z. Non-linear associations of cardiometabolic index with insulin resistance, impaired fasting glucose, and type 2 diabetes among US adults: a cross-sectional study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1341828. [PMID: 38410697 PMCID: PMC10894973 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1341828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiometabolic index (CMI) is a novel indicator for predicting the risk of obesity-related diseases. We aimed to determine the relationships of CMI with insulin resistance (IR), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using NHANES data from 1999 to 2020. Methods After CMI values were estimated, weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to ascertain whether CMI was an independent risk indicator for IR, IFG, and T2DM. Furthermore, stratified analyses and interaction analyses were carried out to investigate the heterogeneity of correlations across various subgroups. Subsequently, restricted cubic splines (RCS) were used to examine nonlinear relationships. Results 21,304 US adults were enrolled in our study, of whom 5,326 (22.38%) had IR, 4,706 (20.17%) had IFG, and 3,724 (13.02%) had T2DM. In the studied population, a higher CMI index value was significantly associated with an elevated likelihood of IR, IFG, and T2DM. In the RCS regression model, the relationship between CMI and IR, IFG, and T2DM was identified as nonlinear. A nonlinear inverted U-shaped relationship was found between CMI and IFG, and an inverse L-shaped association was observed between CMI and IR, CMI and T2DM. The cut-off values of CMI were 1.35, 1.48, and 1.30 for IR, IFG, and T2DM, respectively. Conclusion Our results indicate that CMI was positively correlated with an increase in IR, IFG, and T2DM in the studied population. CMI may be a simple and effective surrogate indicator of IR, IFG, and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimei Song
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yimei Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junxia Zhu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Liang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan Xue
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhangzhi Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Xue X, Li X, Zhao S, Chen K, Hua W, Su YG, Liang Z, Xu W, Zhang S. Sex Differences in the Relationship between Abdominal Obesity and Cardiovascular Death in Elderly Patients with Permanent Pacemakers Implantation: A Retrospective Cohort Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:4383508. [PMID: 36846050 PMCID: PMC9957648 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4383508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to investigate the association between waist circumference (WC) and cardiovascular death in patients with permanent pacemakers (PPMs). Methods This is a retrospective cohort study that enrolled patients who underwent PPM implantation in Fuwai Hospital from May 2010 to April 2014, according to the BIOTRONIK Home Monitoring database. The WC was treated as sex-specific quartiles, and patients were divided into three groups according to body mass index (BMI): normal (≤22.9 kg/m2), overweight (23-24.9 kg/m2), and obese (≥25 kg/m2). Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for cardiovascular death according to WC and BMI in patients. Results 492 patients with PPMs implantation were analyzed (mean age: 71.9 ± 10.8 years; 55.1% men (n = 271)). Data showed that after a mean follow-up 67.2 ± 17.5 months, 24 (4.9%) patients had experienced cardiovascular death and 71 (14.4%) were cases of all-cause mortality. Men in the third quartile of WC had an HR of 10.67 (Model 4, 95% CI: 1.00-115.21, p trend = 0.04) for cardiovascular death. However, the association disappeared in female patients (Model 4, HR = 3.99, 95% CI: 0.37-42.87, p trend = 0.25). There was no association between BMI and cardiovascular death or all-cause mortality in both male and female patients. Conclusions Abdominal obesity was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular death in patients with PPMs, and this relationship was only in male patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Xue
- Arrhythmia Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyao Li
- Arrhythmia Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Arrhythmia Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Keping Chen
- Arrhythmia Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Hua
- Arrhythmia Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Gang Su
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoguang Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Arrhythmia Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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McAllister MJ, Gonzalez DE, Leonard M, Martaindale MH, Bloomer RJ, Pence J, Martin SE. Risk Factors for Cardiometabolic Disease in Professional Firefighters. J Occup Environ Med 2023; 65:119-124. [PMID: 36315015 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Firefighters are plagued with cardiometabolic disease (CMD). Obesity, poor cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, and blood lipids (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) are risk factors for CMD. However, markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and insulin resistance can provide further insight regarding CMD risk. METHODS This study investigated the relationships between fitness metrics (cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, percent body fat, waist circumference), blood lipids, blood pressure, and years of experience as a firefighter to blood markers of insulin resistance: Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), oxidative stress: advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), and inflammation: C-reactive protein. RESULTS Waist circumference and blood concentrations of triglycerides were significantly related to AOPPs and HOMA-IR. Cardiorespiratory fitness was inversely related to AOPPs, HOMA-IR and C-reactive protein. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate the importance of high cardiorespiratory fitness and low waist circumference to reduce markers of CMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J McAllister
- From the Metabolic & Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health & Human Performance, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas (Dr McAllister); Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (Mr Gonzalez, Ms Leonard, Dr Martin); ALERRT Center, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas (Dr Martaindale); Cardiorespiratory/Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Health and Sport Sciences, Memphis, Tennessee (Dr Bloomer, Dr Pence)
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KENGER EB, EREN F, GÜNEŞ FE. Relationship between Nutritional Status, Anthropometric Measurements and Dietary Inflammatory Index in Professional Football Players. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1066512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abolnezhadian F, Hosseini SA, Alipour M, Zakerkish M, Cheraghian B, Ghandil P, Cheraghpour M. Association Metabolic Obesity Phenotypes with Cardiometabolic Index, Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Novel Anthropometric Indices: A Link of FTO-rs9939609 Polymorphism. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2020; 16:249-256. [PMID: 32612360 PMCID: PMC7322142 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s251927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The role of metabolic states in cardiovascular risks among individuals with varying degrees of obesity is unknown. The study aimed to compare cardiometabolic index (CMI), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), lipid accumulation product (LAP) and novel anthropometric indices in metabolic and non-metabolically obese individual with regard to the role of FTO gene in Iranian adults. Methods In total, 165 individuals were recruited into this cross-sectional study. Individuals grouped into four groups: metabolic healthy normal-weight (MHNW) individuals, metabolically unhealthy normal-weight (MUNW) individuals, metabolically healthy obese (MHO) individuals and metabolic unhealthy obese (MUO) individuals. The dietary intake was evaluated by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The cardiovascular indices (CMI, AIP and LAP) were calculated. A variety of anthropometric indices were calculated, including body adiposity Index (BAI), weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI), A body shape index (ABSI) and waist-height ratio (WHR). The genotypes of FTO-rs9939609 subjects were detected by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results The individuals with metabolically unhealthy phenotypes (MUO, MUNW) have higher levels of triglyceride and cardiovascular indices (AIP, LAP and CMI) than the individuals with metabolic healthy phenotypes (MHO, MHNW). With a similar degree of obesity, the anthropometric indices (BAI, WWI and WHR) levels were higher in metabolic unhealthy groups than metabolically healthy groups. The highest frequency of obesity-risk allele AA of FTO gene was observed in MUO, MHO, MUNW and MHNW, respectively. Conclusion Normal-weight individuals with metabolic unhealthy status are at higher risk for cardiovascular diseases than obese individuals with metabolically healthy status. The genotype frequencies of obesity-risk allele AA of FTO gene were higher in obesity phenotypes than metabolic phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Abolnezhadian
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Hosseini
- Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Meysam Alipour
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Zakerkish
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Bahman Cheraghian
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Pegah Ghandil
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Makan Cheraghpour
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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The Relation between Eating Habits and Abdominal Fat, Anthropometry, PON1 and IL-6 Levels in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030744. [PMID: 32168955 PMCID: PMC7146613 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease of an inflammatory, demyelinating and autoimmune nature. Diets with a high caloric density could be especially relevant in terms of the pathogenesis related to an increase in adipose tissue that is metabolically active and releases mediators, which can induce systemic inflammation and an increased oxidation state. The aim of this study was to analyse the eating habits related to calorie intake and their impact on abdominal obesity associated with anthropometric variables, the activity of the oxidation marker paraoxonase 1 (PON1), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levelsin MS patients. METHODS An analytical and quantitative observational study was conducted with a population of 57 MS patients. The dietary-nutritional anamnesis was gained through the Food Frequency Questionnaire and a food diary. Diet and eating habits have been analysed through the Easy Diet-Programa de gestión de la consulta® software. Anthropometric measurements were taken in order to determine the presence of abdominal obesity. In addition, PON1 was quantified in serum by means of automated spectrophotometric assays and IL-6 was quantified using the ELISA technique. RESULTS A normal calorie intake was determined for women, yet a slightly lower intake was observed in men. Carbohydrate consumption was below what was established, and protein and lipids were over, in both cases. Furthermore, most patients had abdominal obesity, with significantly higher body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), fat percentage and IL-6 levels. IL-6 is greatly correlated with waist circumference and WHtR. CONCLUSION MS patients' nutrient intake shows an imbalance between macronutrients. This seems to favour the abdominal obesity associated with high values of proinflammatory IL-6 that is not correlated with a lower activity of PON1.
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