1
|
Iqbal T, Sohaib M, Iqbal S, Rehman H. Exploring Therapeutic Potential of Pleurotus ostreatus and Agaricus bisporus Mushrooms against Hyperlipidemia and Oxidative Stress Using Animal Model. Foods 2024; 13:709. [PMID: 38472823 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The mushrooms oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) and white button (Agaricus bisporus) contain bioactive compounds that have potential beneficial effects on hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, hypolipidemic and antioxidative potential of these mushrooms' extract were explored using hypercholesterolemic (HC) rats as animal model. For the study, 56 adult rats were divided into seven groups, i.e., G1 (negative control), G2 (positive control group), G3 (HC rats with statin drug orally), G4 and G5 (HC rats @ 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight (BW) dose of oyster mushroom extracts), and G6 and G7 (HC rats @ 100 and 200 mg/kg BW dose of white button mushroom extracts). The hypercholesterolemia was induced experimentally in fasted rats through a high-fat diet along with injection of triton WR-1339. After 48 h, the treatment groups were given extract for 28 days along with standard diet. At the trial termination, we analyzed the blood sugar levels, antioxidant parameters, lipid profile, and renal function, as well as conducting liver function tests of the rats. The results indicated that positive control group rats exhibited increased levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density level (LDL), and very-low-density level (vLDL) by 19%, 37%, 52%, and 32%, respectively, and 53% decrease in HDL, whereas treatment groups that received 200 mg oyster and white button mushroom extracts reported 15%, 34%, 22% reduction in TC, TG, vLDL, respectively, and 22% improvement in HDL level. The enzyme profiles of different groups showed non-significant differences, although both mushroom extracts provision reduced glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) levels. Overall, the results indicated that mushroom extracts were helpful in maintaining oxidative stress and have the potential to improve dyslipidemia in the tested rat animal model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Touseef Iqbal
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohaib
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sanaullah Iqbal
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Habib Rehman
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Arif A, Farooq A, Abbasi MH, Khawar MB, Akhtar T, Ali HA, Anjum M, Mehmood R, Saleem T, Sheikh N. Effect of heterologous platelet-rich plasma on liver and modulation of glucose metabolism and Wnt signalling pathways in diabetic mice. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:7145-7154. [PMID: 37407802 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08600-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study was designed to highlight the effects of heterologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on deteriorated hepatic tissues and impaired glucose metabolism of alloxan-induced diabetic mice. METHODS 30 male mice were divided into a control (CG), PRP (PG), diabetic (DG), and two treated groups (T1G and T2G). PG was given PRP treatment (0.5 ml/kg body weight) twice a week for four weeks. DG, T1G and T2G were given alloxan (150 mg/kg) to induce diabetes. After confirmation, PRP treatment was given to T1G and T2G for two and four weeks respectively while DG was left untreated. Upon completion of the said experimental period, liver samples were taken for histological and gene expression analyses. RESULTS The study found that the liver tissue of the DG group showed signs of damage, including hepatocyte ballooning, sinusoid dilatation, and collagen deposition. However, these changes were significantly reduced in both T1G and T2G groups. The expression of several genes related to liver function was also affected, with upregulation of Fbp1 and Pklr, and downregulation of Pck1 in the DG group. PRP treatment restored Fbp1 expression and also increased the expression of glycolytic pathway genes Hk1 and Gck, as well as Wnt signalling pathway genes Wnt2, Wnt4, and Wnt9a in both treated groups. CONCLUSION Current study revealed that heterologous PRP may partly alleviate high glucose levels in diabetics possibly by mediating glucose metabolism via inhibition of Wnt signalling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Arif
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Adil Farooq
- Department of Zoology, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Babar Khawar
- Applied Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Narowal, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Tasleem Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Mehreen Anjum
- Department of Zoology, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Mehmood
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Zoology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Saleem
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Sheikh
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dubey SK, Rai SN, Singh VK, Bajpeyee AK, Singh MP. Evaluation of Pleurotus Mushroom Effects on Histopathological Changes in Organs of Diabetic Rats. DISEASE MARKERS 2023; 2023:1520132. [PMID: 37091893 PMCID: PMC10121342 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1520132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that can be categorized mainly into type 1 and type 2. Diabetes type 1 is caused due to β-cell destruction, whereas type 2 is caused by the resistance of cell receptors. Many therapies are available for the management of diabetes, but they have some side effects, and as a result of this, people are attracted to natural treatments. Pleurotus mushrooms are well documented for their medicinal attributes and their role in the treatment of diseases like cancer, infectious disease, neurodiseases, and inflammatory disease. The protective mechanism of the Pleurotus fossulatus (P. fossulatus) mushroom and its detailed histological study on kidneys and the liver in diabetic conditions were unexplored. The present study evaluated the effects of P. fossulatus aqueous extract on histological changes in the diabetic rat model. Male Wistar albino rats were used to create the diabetic model by using streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneal (IP) injection. The animals were separated into five different groups, with six animals in each. Only group I, animals that did not receive STZ, was considered a normal control. Group II was a diabetic control and received normal saline, and group III was a drug control and received metformin as a standard drug. Groups IV and V were dosing groups, which received the aqueous extract of P. fossulatus in 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of body weight concentrations, labeled as T1 and T2 groups, respectively. The T1 and T2 groups clearly showed their potential to reverse the histopathological changes in the kidney and liver. However, the T2 group was more effective than the T1 group, as results indicate that functions of the glomerulus and its structural deformity were restored to their near-natural form in the T2 group. In the case of the liver, the histological changes like the dilatation of sinusoids, more numbers of the Kupffer cell formation, and necrosis were restored in the T2 group. All these results proved the potential of P. fossulatus against the side effects of diabetes. It could protect the organs from developing diabetic nephropathy (DN) and liver-related diseases like cirrhosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Kumar Dubey
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Sachchida Nand Rai
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Singh
- Department of Zoology, C.M.P. Degree College, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | | | - M. P. Singh
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Woumbo CY, Kuate D, Metue Tamo DG, Womeni HM. Antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of a polyphenol rich extract obtained from Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) seeds using optimized conditions in microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). Front Nutr 2022; 9:1030385. [PMID: 36386938 PMCID: PMC9650115 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1030385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional foods have gained popularity in recent decades. They are exploited for their bioactive compounds like polyphenols, which are highly demanded in cosmetic, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries. However, extractive techniques and conditions used up to recently are almost obsolete and must be optimized for higher efficiency. The current study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of an optimized extract of Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) seeds. The optimal conditions for extracting polyphenolic compounds from okra seeds were determined using Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE). A Face Center Composite Design (FCCD) was used for optimization. Solvent/dry matter ratio, wavelength and time were considered while the response studied was the polyphenolic content. The extract obtained at optimal conditions was characterized using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy, then tested for its antioxidant, alpha amylase inhibitory and antidiabetic activities. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) permitted the determination of the optimal conditions for phenols extraction as: microwave power 330 W, with a solvent ratio of 97.04/1 mL/g for 9.5 min of extraction time. The optimized extract showed a phenolic content up to 86.37 ± 1.13 mg GAE/g containing quercetin and catechin as revealed by the TLC. Functional groups characteristic of polyphenols were identified on FTIR spectra, and the extract exhibited good in vitro antioxidant capacities with DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging capacity and FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power Assay). An IC50 of 3.99 ± 0.15 μg/mL was obtained with the DPPH scavenging test. Alpha amylase inhibitory assay revealed that the optimized okra extract behaved as a non-competitive inhibitor of porcine pancreatic amylase with an IC50 of 484.17 ± 2.33 μg/mL. Antidiabetic activity of the extract was observed in streptozotocin-induced diabetic males Wistar rats, as shown by the fasting blood glucose levels, food intake, changes in body weight and serum lipid profile among others.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cerile Ypolyte Woumbo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Dieudonné Kuate
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | | | - Hilaire Macaire Womeni
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Singh MP, Rai SN, Dubey SK, Pandey AT, Tabassum N, Chaturvedi VK, Singh NB. Biomolecules of mushroom: a recipe of human wellness. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 42:913-930. [PMID: 34412526 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1964431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Indian system of medicine - Ayurveda says "When diet is wrong, medicine is of no use. When diet is correct, medicine is of no use". In this context, mushroom constitutes one of the major resources for nutraceuticals. Biomolecules of mushrooms have attracted the attention of researchers around the globe due to their proven healthy attributes. They have a plenitude of health-giving properties and these range from immunomodulatory, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, anticancer, anti-HIV, antidiabetic, anticholesterolic to antiarthritic activities.Mushrooms contain both primary and secondary metabolites. The primary metabolites provide energy while the secondary metabolite exhibits medicinal properties. Hence, the mushroom can be a recipe for human wellness and will play a significant role in fighting COVID-19 pandemics and other infectious diseases.The key findings suggested in this paper refer to the exploration of health and the healing traits of biomolecules of mushrooms. This article reviews the current status of the medicinal attributes of mushrooms and their biomolecules in different diseases such as cardiovascular, diabetes, reproductive diseases, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. The global malnutrition-related morbidity and mortality among children under five and lactating women presents a frightening picture and also a black spot on the human face. Malnutrition is responsible for more ill-health than any other cause. Mushrooms as a rich source of bioactive compounds can be claimed as "Best from the Waste" since they grow on the most abundant organic wastes of the Earth, the lignocellulosic substrate, and 'Best of the Rest' because they are excellent nutraceutical resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nazish Tabassum
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | | | - Narsingh Bahadur Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|