Sleep Quality and Its Determinants Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Comorbid Metabolic Syndrome

Quality of Sleep and Its Determinants Among People with Diabetes Mellitus in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

BACKGROUND

Poor sleep quality is a serious concern among diabetes mellitus patients, adversely affecting glycemic management and the prognosis of diabetic patients. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to estimate the overall pooled prevalence of poor sleep quality and its associated factors among diabetic patients in Sub-Saharan Africa.

METHODS

Several search databases were employed to retrieve the eligible studies. A standardized data extraction format was used to extract the data, and the analysis was conducted using STATA version 14. To determine heterogeneity, the I2 test was conducted, and both the funnel plot and Egger's regression test were used to assess the publication bias. A random effects model meta-analysis was performed to estimate the overall prevalence and associated factors of poor sleep quality.

RESULTS

In the current meta-analysis, a total of 11 studies with 3,766 study participants were included. The overall pooled prevalence of poor sleep quality among diabetic patients was 53.22% (95% CI: 36.26, 70.19). Poor sleep quality was significantly associated with longer duration of diabetes (OR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.85, 4.67), poor glycemic control (OR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.51, 3.32), depression (OR = 4.09, 95% CI: 2.07, 8.05) and comorbidity (OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.31, 2.88).

CONCLUSION

In this study, more than half of diabetic patients in Sub-Saharan Africa had poor sleep quality. Therefore, healthcare providers should give more attention to sleep disorders when screening diabetic patients to improve their poor sleep quality.

Sleep Quality Assessment and Its Predictors Among Saudi Adults with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Poor sleep quality is prevalent among adults with diabetes, impacting their physical, psychological, and functional well-being. Our goals were to assess the prevalence of poor sleep quality and its association with glycemic control and to identify predictors of poor sleep quality among adults with diabetes mellitus. Methods: This cross-sectional study took place at a tertiary hospital, from October 2022 to March 2023, including 192 adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. We collected demographic and clinical data and utilized the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale to evaluate sleep quality. Results: A total of 65.9% of the participants experienced poor sleep quality (PSQI score > 5), with an average global sleep quality score of 7.36 ± 3.53 for all patients. Poor sleep quality was higher among older and married patients, those with lower education levels, housewives, and those with type 2 diabetes mellitus and associated comorbidities, such as hypertension and dyslipidemia. None of these factors were significantly associated with sleep quality in a multiple linear regression analysis. The mean glycated hemoglobin was 8.68 ± 1.91% and did not correlate with the overall PSQI score and its components. Conclusions: This study revealed a notably high prevalence of poor sleep quality among Saudi adults with diabetes, potentially associated with specific sociodemographic and clinical factors. These findings emphasize the importance of integrating sleep quality education into diabetes management strategies.