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Barham A, Mohammad B, Hasoun L, Awwad S, Mosleh I, Aljaberi A, Abu-Samak M. The combination of omega-3 fatty acids with high doses of vitamin D3 elevate A1c levels: A randomized Clinical Trial in people with vitamin D deficiency. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14779. [PMID: 34482574 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This randomised clinical trial (RCT) was created to assess the influence of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (VD3 ), omega-3 fatty acids (n-3FA) and their combination (D+) on glycated haemoglobin (A1c) levels in Jordanian peoples with vitamin D deficiency (VDD). PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS This RCT was designed to examine the follow-up (2 months) effect of either 50 000 IU VD3 , 300 mg n-3FA, or the combination of the two supplements on glycated Haemoglobin (A1c) levels in 146 Jordanian women and men with VDD, aged from 25 to 55 years. The eligible participants were randomised into four groups: Control (C); VD3 supplementation (50 000 IU of VD3 was taken weekly) (D3 ); n-3FA supplementation (300 mg of omega-3FA was taken daily) (n-3FA); VD3 and omega-3 supplementation group (D+) with the same protocol as the previous two groups. RESULTS The combination therapy (n-3FA plus VD3) for 8 weeks significantly increased A1c levels (5.79 ± 0.34 vs 5.41 ± 0.33, P < .001). Tukey test for post hoc comparisons of A1c at follow-up showed that the A1c mean levels were remarkably higher in the D+ study group comparing to the control group (5.78 vs 5.38). CONCLUSION The intervention of n-3FA alone or in combination with high doses of VD3 may lead to negative effects on glycaemic control or accelerate the insulin resistance's development in susceptible people for diabetes mellitus (type 2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Barham
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Beisan Mohammad
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Luai Hasoun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Shady Awwad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ibrahim Mosleh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Aljaberi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mahmoud Abu-Samak
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
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Badawi A, Liu CJ, Rehim AA, Gupta A. Artificial neural network to predict the effect of obesity on the risk of tuberculosis infection. J Public Health Res 2021; 10:1985. [PMID: 33849253 PMCID: PMC7993018 DOI: 10.4081/jphr.2021.1985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body weight has been implicated as a risk factor for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and the active disease. DESIGN AND METHODS This study aimed to develop artificial neural network (ANN) models for predicting LTBI from body weight and other host-related disease risk factors. We used datasets from participants of the US-National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; 2012; n=5,156; 514 with LTBI and 4,642 controls) to develop three ANNs employing body mass index (BMI, Network I), BMI and HbA1C (as a proxy for diabetes; Network II) and BMI, HbA1C and education (as a proxy for socioeconomic status; Network III). The models were trained on n=1018 age- and sex-matched subjects equally distributed between the control and LTBI groups. The endpoint was the prediction of LTBI. RESULTS When data was adjusted for age, sex, diabetes and level of education, odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for risk of LTBI with increased BMI was 0.85 (95%CI: 0.77 - 0.96, p=0.01). The three ANNs had a predictive accuracy varied from 75 to 80% with sensitivities ranged from 85% to 94% and specificities of approximately 70%. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were between 0.82 and 0.87. Optimal ANN performance was noted using BMI as a risk indicator. CONCLUSION Body weight can be employed in developing artificial intelligence-based tool to predict LTBI. This can be useful in precise decision making in clinical and public health practices aiming to curb the burden of tuberculosis, e.g., in the management and monitoring of the tuberculosis prevention programs and to evaluate the impact of healthy weight on tuberculosis risk and burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Badawi
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto; Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto.
| | - Christina J Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto.
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Badawi A, Liu CJ. Obesity and Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis: A Population-Based Survey. Infect Dis (Lond) 2021; 14:1178633721994607. [PMID: 33716508 PMCID: PMC7926054 DOI: 10.1177/1178633721994607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diminution in body weight is a known risk factor that increases the burden of active tuberculosis (TB). However, conflicting evidence exists for the effect of body weight on the risk of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). The objective of the present study is to examine the prevalence of LTBI at different body weights, evaluate the extent of association between body mass index (BMI) and LTBI and identify factors mediating this relationship in an adult population. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study to estimate the relationship between BMI and LTBI in participants from the US-National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; 2012, n = 5156; 514 with LTBI and 4642 controls). RESULTS The association between BMI and levels of cardiometabolic risk markers in both LTBI and control groups had a similar profile. When adjusted for age and sex, BMI was significantly inversely correlated with the prevalence of LTBI (r = -0.147, P < .001). Effect of BMI on the risk of LTBI was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, diabetes, and level of education. In this model, increasing BMI was significantly associated with lower risk of LTBI (OR = 0.85; 95%CI: 0.77-0.96, P < .01). CONCLUSION This study further establishes an inverse relationship between BMI and prevalence of LTBI. Decreased BMI can be considered as a risk factor in LTBI, the reservoir for active TB cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Badawi
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christina J Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
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Demircan S, Onalan E, Kuloğlu T, Aydın S, Yalçın MH, Gözel N, Dönder E. Effects of vitamin D on apoptosis and betatrophin in the kidney tissue of experimental diabetic rats. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2020; 91:e2020089. [PMID: 33525266 PMCID: PMC7927532 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i4.8944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of vitamin D on betatrophin and apoptosis in rats kidney tissue using an experimental diabetes model created with streptozotocin (STZ). 41 male Wistar-albino breed rats were assigned to 5 groups, which included 3 groups consisting of 7 animals each and 2 groups consisting of 10 animals each. The control group received no treatments. Single-dose 0.1 M sodium buffer was administered ip to the Buffer group. The Vitamin D group was orally administered 200 IU/day vitamin D. The Diabetes group was injected ip with single-dose 50 mg/kg STZ by dissolving the material in 0.1 M sodium buffer. Subjects with a glucose level exceeding 250 mg/dl were accepted to be diabetic. The Diabetes + Vitamin D group was injected ip with 50 mg/kg single-dose STZ by dissolving the material in 0.1 M sodium buffer. Once diabetes was established, 200 IU/day vitamin D was administered orally. Rats in all groups were decapitated in the end of the experiment, their kidney tissues were promptly extracted and TUNEL stained with immunohistochemistry. Additionally, serum samples acquired from all groups were evaluated with regard to total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) levels. The histological and biochemical analyses of the Control, Buffer, and Vitamin D groups revealed similar serum TOS and TAS levels, and TUNEL positivity and betatrophin immunoreactivity. While the Diabetes group showed significantly higher TOS levels and TUNEL positivity compared to the Control group, their TAS levels and betatrophin immunoreactivity were significantly reduced. The Diabetes+Vitamin group demonstrated significantly lower TOS levels and TUNEL positivity compared to the Diabetic group, and their TAS levels and betatrophin immunoreactivity increased significantly. In conclusion; experimental diabetes was found to increase TOS and apoptotic cells and decrease TAS and betatrophin levels in kidney tissue in experimental diabetes, and that administering VitD as treatment caused a decrease in TOS and apoptotic cells and an increase in TAS and betatrophin levels. It was concluded that future studies needed to investigate various experimental diabetes times so that the role of diabetes in the pathophysiology of its effect on kidney tissue could be uncovered. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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Affiliation(s)
- Selçuk Demircan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ağrı State Hospital 23000, Ağrı, Turkey .
| | - Erhan Onalan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Firat Univeristy, 23000, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Tuncay Kuloğlu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, 23000, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Süleyman Aydın
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, 23000, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Hanifi Yalçın
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, 23000, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Nevzat Gözel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Firat Univeristy, 23000, Elazig, Turkey .
| | - Emir Dönder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Firat Univeristy, 23000, Elazig, Turkey .
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Gharekhani A, Najafipour F, Baradaran H, Tagharrobi P, Rezaee H. The Effect of Treating Vitamin D Deficiency or Insufficiency on Serum Adiponectin, Leptin and Insulin Resistance of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Pilot Study. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2020; 19:86-94. [PMID: 33680012 PMCID: PMC7757991 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.112067.13512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is considered as one of the most prevalent healthcare problems in the world. Vitamin D contributes to insulin synthesis and secretion. Deficiency of vitamin D leads to insulin resistance which is the major cause of type 2 diabetes mellitus. We aim to evaluate the effect of treating vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency on serum adiponectin, leptin, and leptin to adiponectin ratio (LAR) of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Forty patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included according to the inclusion criteria of the study. Fasting venous blood samples were obtained and evaluated before and after the treatment of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. Then, blood levels of leptin, adiponectin, and LAR (an indicator of insulin resistance) were measured. The results of study indicate a significant decline in circulating leptin and adiponectin after vitamin D treatment, but it doesn't cause a noteworthy change in LAR. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that female gender, higher body mass index, and triglyceride levels increase LAR significantly. It was concluded that the treatment of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency doesn't change insulin resistance in diabetic patients. Moreover, we concluded that LAR is not a reliable method to compare insulin resistance between men and women due to sex-related differences in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Gharekhani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Farzad Najafipour
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Hananeh Baradaran
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Parisa Tagharrobi
- Student’s Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Haleh Rezaee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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He D, Wang Y, Liu R, He A, Li S, Fu X, Zhou Z. 1,25(OH) 2D 3 Activates Autophagy to Protect against Oxidative Damage of INS-1 Pancreatic Beta Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 42:561-567. [PMID: 30930416 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a serious disease endangering human health worldwide. Vitamin D (Vit D) is a well-characterized regulator of calcium-phosphorus metabolism that also exerts other biological effects extending far beyond mineral homeostasis. Some epidemiological studies have suggested that Vit D has a role in defense against diabetes, although the mechanism remains unclear. Autophagy, an intracellular catabolic process, is necessary to maintain the normal structure and function of host cells. In our previous study, we found that Vit D could induce autophagy of pancreatic beta cells and prevent insulitis, although the underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, the protective effect of 1,25(OH)2D3, the physiologically active metabolite of Vit D, against streptozotocin-induced cytotoxicity in rat insulinoma cell line (INS-1) cells was explored. Cell viability and insulin secretion of INS-1 cells in response to different treatments were measured with a cell counting kit and enzyme-linked immune absorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. In addition, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were measured by ELISA. RT-PCR and Western blot analyses were used to detect autophagy levels, reactive oxygen species (ROS) was assessed by fluorescence microscope, ultrastructure analysis was performed using transmission electron microscopy. The results demonstrated that 1,25(OH)2D3 could increase cell viability and insulin secretion of INS-1 cells, and protected cells from oxidative damage induced by streptozotocin (STZ) through autophagy activation. These findings shed light on mechanisms underlying the ameliorative effects of Vit D on diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei He
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Medical College of Soochow University.,Clinical Research & Lab Center, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, Affiliated to Jiangsu University
| | - Yubin Wang
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Medical College of Soochow University
| | | | - Aolin He
- Clinical Research & Lab Center, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, Affiliated to Jiangsu University
| | - Shasha Li
- Clinical Research & Lab Center, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, Affiliated to Jiangsu University
| | - Xuejie Fu
- Orthopedic Institute of Soochow University
| | - Zhengyu Zhou
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Medical College of Soochow University
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Badawi A, Di Giuseppe G, Arora P. Cardiovascular disease risk in patients with hepatitis C infection: Results from two general population health surveys in Canada and the United States (2007-2017). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208839. [PMID: 30540839 PMCID: PMC6291240 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is controversial. The objective of the present study is to estimate the 10-year risk of CVD in HCV- positive subjects and describe their profile of cardiometabolic risk markers compared to HCV-negative subjects. We conducted a cross-sectional study to estimate 10-year CVD risk, calculated using the Framingham Risk Score (FRS), in participants from the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS; 2007–2015, n = 10,115) and the US-National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; 2007–2016, n = 16,668). Subjects included in our analysis were aged 30 to 74 years with no prior history of CVD. FRS estimates, sociodemographic and cardiometabolic risk factors were compared between HCV- positive and -negative subjects in the two surveys. HCV-positive subjects had a distinct sociodemographic profile compared to their HCV-negative counterparts. Cardiometabolic risk factors, inflammatory markers and serum levels of micronutrients were comparable between the two survey populations, both in HCV-positive and -negative subjects. The average FRS in HCV-positive patients was in the range of “intermediate” 10-year CVD risk (i.e., 10–20%) and was significantly higher (P<0.01) than their HCV-negative counterparts who were within the “low” 10-year CVD risk range (i.e., ≤10%). Using a multivariable linear regression model adjusted for ethnicity, number of metabolic syndrome components and BMI, HCV infection was significantly associated with a 2.5–3.5% absolute risk increase of 10-year CVD (P<0.01). The results of the present study suggest a potential association between HCV infection and risk of subclinical and clinical CVD. The expansion of anti-HCV therapy may also contribute to reduced CVD risk and burden in patients with chronic HCV infection and should be explored further in other datasets and population modelling studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Badawi
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Paul Arora
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Enteric Diseases, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Liyanage GC, Lekamwasam S, Weerarathna TP, Liyanage CE. Effects of high-dose parenteral vitamin D therapy on lipid profile and blood pressure in patients with diabetic nephropathy: A randomized double-blind clinical trial. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2017; 11 Suppl 2:S767-S770. [PMID: 28606441 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2017.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Aim of this study was to determine the effect of high dose vitamin D given to patients with early diabetic renal disease on systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), triglycerides (TG) and high density lipoproteins (HDL) in a randomized controlled trial MATERIALS AND METHOD: Patients with early diabetic nephropathy were recruited. Selected patients were allocated to two groups by Block randomization method. Treatment group received 50,000 IU of vitamin D3 intramuscularly and the control group was given an equal volume of distilled water (0.25mL) monthly for six months. Blood and urine were collected at the baseline for biochemical analyses and blood pressure was measured. After six months all the measurements done at the baseline were repeated. RESULTS Of 155 patients invited, 85 were randomly assigned to two groups. No significant differences were found between treatment and control groups at the baseline. Vitamin D therapy significantly reduced DBP, total cholesterol and LDL but the between group differences were not significant. There was an increase in HDL cholesterol level in the treatment group while there was no change in the control group Between groups difference was significant (P=<0.001). CONCLUSIONS There was a significant improvement of serum HDL level with six months therapy of high dose vitamin D in patients with early diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayani C Liyanage
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka.
| | - Sarath Lekamwasam
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka
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VONDRA K, BÍLEK R, MATUCHA P, SALÁTOVÁ M, VOSÁTKOVÁ M, STÁRKA L, HAMPL R. Vitamin D Supplementation Changed Relationships, Not Levels of Metabolic-Hormonal Parameters in Autoimmune Thyroiditis. Physiol Res 2017; 66:S409-S417. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In women with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis and vitamin D deficiency we have found reference levels of relevant metabolic-hormonal parameters except for parathormone and total calcium. Three months supplementation with vitamin D (4300 IU/day, cholekalciferol) did not lead to significant changes of investigated hormonal parameters, while the levels of parathormone and calcium reached normal levels. However, a correlation analysis revealed marked changes in mutual relations. First, an inverse correlation of vitamin D with parathormone, insulin secretion (C peptide, insulin) and its efficiency (HOMA IR) disappeared. Relationships of vitamin D to hepatic insulin resistance (insulin/C peptide), to DHEA (both negative), and to DHEAS/DHEA ratio (positive) were newly found. Second, a positive correlation of CRP with insulin secretion remained, while its relation to insulin efficiency (HOMA IR, insulin/ C peptide) was newly observed. Analogical positive correlations appeared also among anti TPO and insulinemia, insulin/C peptide, HOMA IR, and anti Tg to C peptide. A relationship of the CRP with anti TPO became significant (+). Third, out of glucose metabolism parameters only insulin/C peptide and glycemia did not correlate with vitamin D during its deficiency, while after supplementation insulin/ C peptide alone correlated positively with both DHEAS and DHEA, and negatively with vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. VONDRA
- Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
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Barreto Silva MI, Cavalieri VVDS, Lemos CCDS, Klein MRST, Bregman R. Body adiposity predictors of vitamin D status in nondialyzed patients with chronic kidney disease: A cross-sectional analysis in a tropical climate city. Nutrition 2017; 33:240-247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Effects of vitamin D on serum lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Nutr 2016; 35:1259-1268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Qu H, Lin K, Wang H, Wei H, Ji B, Yang Z, Peng C, Xiao X, Deng H. 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 improves cardiac dysfunction, hypertrophy, and fibrosis through PARP1/SIRT1/mTOR-related mechanisms in type 1 diabetes. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 61. [PMID: 27561793 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Diabetic cardiomyopathy is one of the most important cardiac complications associated with diabetes. However, the mechanisms underlying diabetic cardiomyopathy remain unclear. The PARP1, SIRT1, and mTOR pathways have been implicated in cardiac diseases, and they are also associated with diabetes. 1,25(OH)2 D3 was recently recognized as a potential PARP1inhibitor in a macrophage cell line. The aim of our study was to investigate whether 1,25(OH)2 D3 can improve diabetic cardiomyopathy through a vitamin D receptor (VDR)-dependent mechanism associated with the PARP1/SIRT1/mTOR pathway. METHODS AND RESULTS 1,25(OH)2 D3 -treated diabetic rats displayed improved left ventricular wall thickness and end-diastolic/systolic diameter, end-diastolic/systolic volume, left ventricular ejection fraction, fractional shortening, atrial natriuretic peptide, and brain natriuretic peptide gene expression, and interstitial fibrosis compared with untreated diabetic rats, while silencing the VDR gene in DM rats blocked the above results. 1,25(OH)2 D3 treatment also decreased PARP1 and increased SIRT1 expression levels and repressed the phosphorylation of mTOR. Treating neonatal cardiomyocytes with 1,25(OH)2 D3 and a PARP1 inhibitor decreased PARP1 and increased SIRT1 protein expression. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates that 1,25(OH)2 D3 treatment has the potential to improve diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats and suggests that VD-VDR signaling induces this protective effect against diabetic cardiomyopathy might partly through the PARP1/SIRT1/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Qu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Ke Lin
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center (The Fourth People's Hospital of Chongqing), Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Hang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Huili Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Baolan Ji
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Zengsong Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Chuan Peng
- Laboratory of Lipid and Glucose Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiu Xiao
- Laboratory of Lipid and Glucose Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Huacong Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
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Ock SY, Ha KH, Kim BK, Kim HC, Shim JS, Lee MH, Yoon YM, Kim DJ. Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration Is Independently Inversely Associated with Insulin Resistance in the Healthy, Non-Obese Korean Population. Diabetes Metab J 2016; 40:367-375. [PMID: 27535642 PMCID: PMC5069393 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2016.40.5.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations in serum and insulin resistance in the healthy Korean population. METHODS We conducted this cross-sectional analysis in 1,807 healthy Korean people (628 men and 1,179 women) aged 30 to 64 years in the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiologic Research Center study. All participants were assessed for 25(OH)D, fasting glucose, and insulin levels, and completed a health examination and lifestyle questionnaire according to standard procedures. Insulin resistance was defined as the homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance higher than the 75 percentile. RESULTS Compared to those in the highest tertile (≥14.3 ng/mL), the odds ratio (OR) for insulin resistance was 1.37 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 1.86) for the 1st tertile (<9.7 ng/mL) and 1.19 (95% CI, 0.08 to 1.62) for the 2nd tertile (9.7 to 14.3 ng/mL) after adjusting for age, gender, waist circumference, alcohol consumption, smoking status, physical exercise, season, and cohort. After stratification of the subjects by adiposity, these associations remained only in non-obese subjects (lowest tertile vs. highest tertile, multivariable OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.05 to 2.56). CONCLUSION Serum 25(OH)D has an independent inverse association with insulin resistance in the healthy, non-obese Korean population, even among people with vitamin D insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Ock
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Kyoung Hwa Ha
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Bu Kyung Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyeon Chang Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee Seon Shim
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung Ha Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Me Yoon
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Jung Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
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Restrepo Valencia CA, Aguirre Arango JV. Vitamin D (25(OH)D) in patients with chronic kidney disease stages 2-5. Colomb Med (Cali) 2016; 47:160-166. [PMID: 27821896 PMCID: PMC5091275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish the impact the chronic kidney disease stage has in the native vitamin D levels in patients not undergoing dialysis treatment. METHODS A study performed in Manizales, Colombia, a city located 2,200 meters above sea level, without important stational variations. Patients with 18 years of age or more, with chronic kidney disease stages 2 to 5 and not undergoing dialysis treatment were recruited for this study. Demographic and anthropometric variations were evaluated as well as solar exposure, CKD etiology and laboratory variables related to bone and mineral diseases. For each CKD clinical stage, correlations were evaluated for vitamin D levels, laboratory results for bone and mineral diseases, solar exposure and ethnicity. RESULTS Three hundred thirty-three patients were evaluated with a median age of 71 years, most of them mestizo (71%), 173 were women. The main CKD etiology was hypertensive nephropathy (32.2%). 21.1% of patients had normal vitamin D levels, 70.1% were within insufficient range and 8.8% were in deficit. A negative correlation was found between the levels of vitamin 25 (OH) D and the values for: creatinine, phosphorous, calcium x phosphorous product, PTH, 24 hours urine protein and BMI. A positive relationship was found for calcium and albumin. Positive significant statistical correlation was found for vitamin 25(OH) D levels and solar exposure for stages 3b and 4 of CKD. CONCLUSIONS It is common to find low levels of vitamin 25(OH) D in patients with CKD; these can contribute to the appearance of secondary hyperparathyroidism. OBJETIVO Establecer el impacto del estadio clínico en los niveles de vitamina D nativa en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) sin diálisis. MÉTODOS Estudio realizado en Manizales, Colombia, una ciudad tropical ubicada a 2,200 metros de altura sobre el nivel del mar, sin variaciones estacionales importantes a lo largo del año. Se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 18 años, con enfermedad renal crónica estadio 2 a 5 sin tratamiento dialítico. En ellos se evaluaron variables demográficas, antropométricas, grado de exposición solar, etiología de la enfermedad, y variables de laboratorio relacionadas con desórdenes óseos y minerales. Para cada estadío clínico se evaluó la correlación entre los niveles de vitamina D y los resultados de las pruebas de laboratorio relacionadas con desordenes óseos y minerales, exposición solar y etnia. RESULTADOS Se evaluaron 331 pacientes, con una edad media de 71 años, la mayoría mestizos (71%), 173 mujeres. La principal etiología de ERC fue nefropatía hipertensiva (33.2%). El 21.1% de los pacientes tenían niveles normales de vitamina D, fueron insuficientes en 70.1% y 8.8% en déficit. Se detectó correlación negativa, entre los niveles de vitamina 25(OH)D y los valores de creatinina, fósforo, producto calcio x fósforo, PTH, proteínas en orina de 24 horas e IMC. Correlación positiva para el calcio y la albumina. Se encontró significancia estadística positiva entre los niveles de vitamina 25(OH)D y la exposición solar para los estadios 3b y 4. CONCLUSIONES En pacientes con ERC es comun detectar bajos niveles de 25(OH)D, los cuales pueden contribuir a la generación de hiperparatiroidismo secundario.
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Haidari F, Zakerkish M, Karandish M, Saki A, Pooraziz S. Association between Serum Vitamin D Level and Glycemic and Inflammatory Markers in Non-obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2016; 41:367-73. [PMID: 27582585 PMCID: PMC4967480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) has been shown to correlate with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The objective of this study was to investigate the association between serum 25(OH)D and glycemic and inflammatory markers in non-obese patients with T2DM. METHODS Eighty-four non-obese patients with T2DM were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Demographic, anthropometric, and dietary information was obtained from all the participants. The serum concentrations of glucose, HbA1C, insulin, 25(OH)D, and inflammatory markers including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured. A homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was also evaluated. RESULTS The mean serum concentration of 25(OH)D was 11.01±5.55 ng/mL. Severe deficiency, deficiency, and insufficiency of vitamin D were detected in 60.71%, 35.72%, and 3.57% of the participants, respectively. The results showed that those in the lowest group of serum 25(OH)D had significantly higher TNF-α than did those in the highest group (P=0.026). Although the association between serum 25(OH)D and fasting blood sugar and TNF-α was statistically significant (P=0.049 and P=0.044, respectively), the other glycemic markers and hs-CRP did not have any significant relationships with 25(OH)D. CONCLUSION According to the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the diabetic patients and the inverse relationship between serum 25(OH)D and fasting blood sugar and TNF-α in this study, vitamin D status may be a determining factor of systemic inflammation in patients with T2DM. Further studies with larger sample sizes are suggested in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Haidari
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Zakerkish
- Health Research Institute, Diabetes Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Majid Karandish
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Azadeh Saki
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Science, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sakineh Pooraziz
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,Correspondence: Sakineh Pooraziz, MS; Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Tel: +98 912 7588606 Fax: +98 61 33738253
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Raška I, Rašková M, Zikán V, Škrha J. High Prevalence of Hypovitaminosis D in Postmenopausal Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Prague Med Rep 2016; 117:5-17. [DOI: 10.14712/23362936.2016.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The link between vitamin D and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is intensively studied. This study aims to define the serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH D) and to investigate the relationship between 25-OH D status, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and body composition in postmenopausal women with T2DM and in non-diabetic controls. In this cross-sectional study, 75 women with T2DM and 32 control subjects were selected. Serum 25-OH D, intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, fasting glucose and HbA1c, were measured. The mean 25-OH D level was 21.4 ± 11.4 ng/ml (range 4.1–50.7 ng/ml) in diabetic women and 30.3 ± 9.4 ng/ml (range 10.8–54.2 ng/ml) in control group (p<0.001). The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (< 30 ng/ml) was higher in vitamin D3 non-supplemented T2DM women (89% vs. 63% controls); the difference diminished in vitamin D3 (500–1000 IU per day) supplemented subgroups (45% diabetics vs. 42% controls). In T2DM women, 25-OH D levels were not associated to HbA1c, duration of diabetes, fasting glucose and PTH levels, however, 25-OH D levels negatively associated with body mass index (p=0.011), total body fat mass (p=0.005) and total body lean mass (p=0.004). The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D is higher in non-supplemented postmenopausal women with T2DM than in non-diabetic controls (89% vs. 63%). Obesity is a risk factor for vitamin D insufficiency in T2DM postmenopausal women. Further studies evaluating relationships between fat, muscle, bone and vitamin D metabolism in T2DM patients are warranted.
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Angel B, Lera L, Sánchez H, Oyarzún A, Albala C. FokI polymorphism in vitamin D receptor gene: Differential expression of TNFα in peripheral mononuclear cells of type 2 diabetic subjects. Meta Gene 2016; 7:1-6. [PMID: 30941281 PMCID: PMC5963422 DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION FokI polymorphism has been associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in some populations. OBJECTIVE To investigate the frequencies of a genetic polymorphism of Vitamin D receptor (FokI) in patients with T2D and control subjects and investigate the role of 1,25(OH)2D3 in the expression of pro-inflammatory markers in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). METHODS The case-control study was conducted in 160 patients with T2D and 160 control subjects, men and women (30-74 years old). The genotype and allele frequency of FokI polymorphisms were determined in these subjects. Subsequently a subgroup of 40 subjects was included from which PBMCs were removed. In vitro, the culture medium was supplemented with two different concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D3(10- 8 M and 10- 10 M). The expression profiles of TNFα and mRNA were analysed by qPCR, and GAPDH and β-actin were used as housekeeping genes. RESULTS The control subjects have an increased frequency of the FF genotype. In subjects with T2D, the ff genotype was associated with higher HOMA-IR values than individuals with genotype Ff (p = 0.021). In vitro study in PBMCs showed differential expression of TNFα mRNA by FokI genotype, with a lower expression of this marker of inflammation in FF genotype subjects at a concentration of 10- 8 M of 1,25(OH)2D3. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that VDR FokI polymorphism is associated with T2D, and the genotypes Ff and ff of this variant show a reduced response or resistance to the anti-inflammatory action of VitD, which could indicate a functional role of FokI polymorphism of VDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Angel
- Public Nutrition Unit, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Chile
| | - Lydia Lera
- Public Nutrition Unit, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Chile
| | - Hugo Sánchez
- Public Nutrition Unit, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Chile
| | - Amaya Oyarzún
- Human Nutrition Unit, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Chile
| | - Cecilia Albala
- Public Nutrition Unit, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Chile
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Mirmiran P, Khalili Moghadam S, Bahadoran Z, Tohidi M, Azizi F. Association of dietary carotenoids and the incidence of insulin resistance in adults: Tehran lipid and glucose study. Nutr Diet 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Centre, and Obesity Research Centre, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Sajjad Khalili Moghadam
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Centre, and Obesity Research Centre, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Zahra Bahadoran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Centre, and Obesity Research Centre, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Maryam Tohidi
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Centre, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Centre, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
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Zhang J, Ye J, Guo G, Lan Z, Li X, Pan Z, Rao X, Zheng Z, Luo F, Lin L, Lin Z, Xue Y. Vitamin D Status Is Negatively Correlated with Insulin Resistance in Chinese Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Endocrinol 2016; 2016:1794894. [PMID: 27413370 PMCID: PMC4931076 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1794894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives. Vitamin D deficiency plays a role in insulin resistance and the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Little information is available about the association between vitamin D status and insulin resistance in the Chinese population. Currently, vitamin D status is evaluated by the concentrations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. This study explores the relationship between insulin resistance and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Subjects and Methods. This study included 117 patients with type 2 diabetes. The following variables were measured: 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBS), fasting blood insulin (FINS), fasting blood C-peptide, serum creatinine (SCr), glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), body mass index (BMI), and homeostatic model estimates of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Results. The cases were divided into three groups: Group 1 (G1) with 25(OH)D ≤ 20 ng/mL [≤50 nmol/L], Group 2 (G2) with 25(OH)D values from 20 ng/mL [50 nmol/L] to 30 ng/mL [75 nmol/L], and Group 3 (G3) with 25(OH)D ≥ 30 ng/mL [≥75 nmol/L], with 52.6%, 26.3%, and 21.1% of subjects in Groups 1-3, respectively. There was a negative correlation between 25(OH)D and HOMA-IR (β = -0.314, p = 0.001) adjusted by age, BMI, and eGFR. Conclusion. Better vitamin D status may be protective of glucose homeostasis since 25(OH)D was negatively associated with insulin resistance in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
- Xiamen Second Hospital affiliated Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jianhong Ye
- Xiamen Second Hospital affiliated Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Gang Guo
- Xiamen Second Hospital affiliated Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Zhenhao Lan
- Sanming City Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sanming 365000, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Zhiming Pan
- Xiamen Second Hospital affiliated Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xianming Rao
- Xiamen Second Hospital affiliated Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Zongji Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Fangtao Luo
- Xiamen Second Hospital affiliated Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Luping Lin
- Xiamen Second Hospital affiliated Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Zhihua Lin
- Xiamen Second Hospital affiliated Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yaoming Xue
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
- *Yaoming Xue:
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20
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Ronacher K, Joosten SA, van Crevel R, Dockrell HM, Walzl G, Ottenhoff THM. Acquired immunodeficiencies and tuberculosis: focus on HIV/AIDS and diabetes mellitus. Immunol Rev 2015; 264:121-37. [PMID: 25703556 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection within Africa led to marked increases in numbers of cases of tuberculosis (TB), and although the epidemic peaked in 2006, there were still 1.8 million new cases in 2013, with 29.2 million prevalent cases. Half of all TB cases in Africa are in those with HIV co-infection. A brief review of the well-documented main immunological mechanisms of HIV-associated increased susceptibility to TB is presented. However, a new threat is facing TB control, which presents itself in the form of a rapid increase in the number of people living with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM), particularly in areas that are already hardest hit by the TB epidemic. T2DM increases susceptibility to TB threefold, and the TB burden attributable to T2DM is 15%. This review addresses the much smaller body of research information available on T2DM-TB, compared to HIV-TB comorbidity. We discuss the altered clinical presentation of TB in the context of T2DM comorbidity, changes in innate and adaptive immune responses, including lymphocyte subsets and T-cell phenotypes, the effect of treatment of the different comorbidities, changes in biomarker expression and genetic predisposition to the respective morbidities, and other factors affecting the comorbidity. Although significant gains have been made in improving our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of T2DM-associated increased susceptibility, knowledge gaps still exist that require urgent attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Ronacher
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research and MRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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Biricik E, Güneş Y. Vitamin D and Anaesthesia. Turk J Anaesthesiol Reanim 2015; 43:269-73. [PMID: 27366509 DOI: 10.5152/tjar.2015.28482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a vitamin not only associated with calcium-phosphorus metabolism but also affects many organ systems. Because of its effect on the immune system in recent years, it has attracted much attention. Vitamin D deficiency is a clinical condition that can be widely observed in the society. Thus, patients with vitamin D deficiency are often seen in anaesthesia practice. In the absence of vitamin D, prolongation of intensive care unit stay, increase in mortality and morbidity and also association of chronic diseases further increase the importance of vitamin D deficiency. The results obtained from studies have led to the question of whether poor surgical outcome is associated with vitamin D deficiency. We assessed the vitamin D deficiency and its negative consequences for the anaesthesiologist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Biricik
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Güneş
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
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Wright F, Weller RB. Risks and benefits of UV radiation in older people: More of a friend than a foe? Maturitas 2015; 81:425-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Calderón-Garcidueñas L, Franco-Lira M, D'Angiulli A, Rodríguez-Díaz J, Blaurock-Busch E, Busch Y, Chao CK, Thompson C, Mukherjee PS, Torres-Jardón R, Perry G. Mexico City normal weight children exposed to high concentrations of ambient PM2.5 show high blood leptin and endothelin-1, vitamin D deficiency, and food reward hormone dysregulation versus low pollution controls. Relevance for obesity and Alzheimer disease. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 140:579-592. [PMID: 26037109 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Millions of Mexico, US and across the world children are overweight and obese. Exposure to fossil-fuel combustion sources increases the risk for obesity and diabetes, while long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) above US EPA standards is associated with increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Mexico City Metropolitan Area children are chronically exposed to PM2.5 and O3 concentrations above the standards and exhibit systemic, brain and intrathecal inflammation, cognitive deficits, and Alzheimer disease neuropathology. We investigated adipokines, food reward hormones, endothelial dysfunction, vitamin D and apolipoprotein E (APOE) relationships in 80 healthy, normal weight 11.1±3.2 year olds matched by age, gender, BMI and SES, low (n: 26) versus high (n:54) PM2.5 exposures. Mexico City children had higher leptin and endothelin-1 (p<0.01 and p<0.000), and decreases in glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP 1), ghrelin, and glucagon (<0.02) versus controls. BMI and leptin relationships were significantly different in low versus high PM2.5 exposed children. Mexico City APOE 4 versus 3 children had higher glucose (p=0.009). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D<30 ng/mL was documented in 87% of Mexico City children. Leptin is strongly positively associated to PM 2.5 cumulative exposures. Residing in a high PM2.5 and O3 environment is associated with 12h fasting hyperleptinemia, altered appetite-regulating peptides, vitamin D deficiency, and increases in ET-1 in clinically healthy children. These changes could signal the future trajectory of urban children towards the development of insulin resistance, obesity, type II diabetes, premature cardiovascular disease, addiction-like behavior, cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Increased efforts should be made to decrease pediatric PM2.5 exposures, to deliver health interventions prior to the development of obesity and to identify and mitigate environmental factors influencing obesity and Alzheimer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas
- The Center for Structural and Functional Neurosciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA; Hospital Central Militar, Mexico City 11649, Mexico.
| | | | - Amedeo D'Angiulli
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1S 5B6
| | - Joel Rodríguez-Díaz
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Valle de México, Saltillo, Coahuila 25204, Mexico
| | | | - Yvette Busch
- Clinical and Environmental Laboratory Micro Trace Minerals (MTM), 91217 Hersbruck, Germany
| | - Chih-kai Chao
- The Center for Structural and Functional Neurosciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Charles Thompson
- The Center for Structural and Functional Neurosciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | | | - Ricardo Torres-Jardón
- Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - George Perry
- College of Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Cardoso-Sánchez LI, Gómez-Díaz RA, Wacher NH. Vitamin D intake associates with insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes, but not in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults. Nutr Res 2015; 35:689-99. [PMID: 26101151 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2015.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D (vitD) intake and serum concentrations and insulin secretion (assessed by C-peptide serum concentration)/insulin resistance (determined by estimated glucose disposal rate [eGDR]) in patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). C-peptide, serum vitD, lipid profile, insulin, glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were assessed; vitD intake was determined; and eGDR was calculated. Groups were compared using the Student t or Mann-Whitney U test. Correlations were performed between insulin secretion, insulin resistance, and vitD, and linear regression models were adjusted for confounding variables. Of 107 patients included, age was 55.3 ± 11.84 years old, and time since diabetes diagnosis was 13.23 ± 5.96 years. There were significant intergroup differences in age, body mass index (BMI), hip measurements, glucose, and HbA1c. The correlation between vitD intake and C-peptide for the whole group was significant (r = 0.213; P = .032) as well as for vitD deficiency/sufficiency in T2DM (P = .042), whereas neither was significant in eGDR. After adjustment for age, HbA1c, disease progression, physical activity, solar exposure, sex, and BMI, vitD intake was only significant in T2DM (P = .028). In serum vitD, only the correlation between eGDR and vitD in T2DM was significant and intragroup when comparing vitD sufficiency. After adjustments, significance was lost. Patients with LADA had lower intake of vitD, poorer metabolic control, lower BMI, and younger age compared to T2DM patients. There was no association between serum vitD or vitD intake and insulin secretion when analyzed by group, although vitD intake was associated with insulin resistance in T2DM, but not LADA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rita A Gómez-Díaz
- Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, DF, Mexico.
| | - Niels H Wacher
- Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, DF, Mexico
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Is vitamin D deficiency related to accumulation of advanced glycation end products, markers of inflammation, and oxidative stress in diabetic subjects? BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:958097. [PMID: 26000307 PMCID: PMC4426896 DOI: 10.1155/2015/958097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In diabetes accumulated advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are involved in the striking cardiovascular morbidity/mortality. We asked whether a hypovitaminosis D associates with an increased formation and toxicity of AGEs in diabetes. METHODS In 276 diabetics (160 M/116 F, age: 65.0 ± 13.4; 43 type 1,T1DM, and 233 type 2 patients, T2DM) and 121 nondiabetic controls (60 M/61 F; age: 58.6 ± 15.5 years) routine biochemistry, levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-(OH)D), skin autofluorescence (SAF), plasma AGE-associated fluorescence (AGE-FL), N (ε) -(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), soluble receptor for AGEs (sRAGE), soluble vascular adhesion protein-1 (sVAP-1), high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and renal function (eGFR) were determined. RESULTS In the diabetics SAF and AGE-Fl were higher than those of the controls and correlated with age, duration of diabetes, and degree of renal impairment. In T2DM patients but not in T1DM the age-dependent rise of SAF directly correlated with hs-CRP and sVAP-1. 25-(OH)D levels in diabetics and nondiabetics were lowered to a similar degree averaging 22.5 ng/mL. No relationship between 25-(OH)D and studied markers except for sVAP-1 was observed in the diabetics. CONCLUSION In diabetics hypovitaminosis D does not augment accumulation of AGEs and studied markers of microinflammation and oxidative stress except for sVAP-1.
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