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Ribeiro LF, Nespolo NM, Rossi GAM, Fairbrother JM. Exploring Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Escherichia coli in Food-Producing Animals and Animal-Derived Foods. Pathogens 2024; 13:346. [PMID: 38668301 PMCID: PMC11054374 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13040346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobials serve as crucial treatments in both veterinary and human medicine, aiding in the control and prevention of infectious diseases. However, their misuse or overuse has led to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, posing a significant threat to public health. This review focuses on extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in animals and their associated food products, which contribute to the proliferation of antimicrobial-resistant strains. Recent research has highlighted the presence of ESBL-producing E. coli in animals and animal-derived foods, with some studies indicating genetic similarities between these isolates and those found in human infections. This underscores the urgent need to address antimicrobial resistance as a pressing public health issue. More comprehensive studies are required to understand the evolving landscape of ESBLs and to develop strategic public health policies grounded in the One Health approach, aiming to control and mitigate their prevalence effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laryssa Freitas Ribeiro
- Mário Palmério University Center (UniFucamp), Av. Brasil Oeste, s/n, Jardim Zenith, Monte Carmelo 38500-000, Minas Gerais State, Brazil;
| | - Natália Maramarque Nespolo
- Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washington Luís, s/n—Monjolinho, São Carlos 13565-905, São Paulo State, Brazil;
| | - Gabriel Augusto Marques Rossi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Vila Velha (UVV), Vila Velha 29102-920, Espírito Santo State, Brazil;
| | - John Morris Fairbrother
- Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
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Jacquier H, Assao B, Chau F, Guindo O, Condamine B, Magnan M, Bridier-Nahmias A, Sayingoza-Makombe N, Moumouni A, Page AL, Langendorf C, Coldiron ME, Denamur E, de Lastours V. Faecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in a remote region of Niger. J Infect 2023; 87:199-209. [PMID: 37369264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2023.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-E. coli) in developing countries is lacking. Here we describe the population structure and molecular characteristics of ESBL-E. coli faecal isolates in rural Southern Niger. METHODS Stools of 383 healthy participants were collected among which 92.4% were ESBL-Enterobacterales carriers. A subset of 90 ESBL-E. coli containing stools (109 ESBL-E. coli isolates) were further analysed by WGS, using short- and long-reads. RESULTS Most isolates belonged to the commensalism-adapted phylogroup A (83.5%), with high clonal diversity. The blaCTX-M-15 gene was the major ESBL determinant (98.1%), chromosome-integrated in approximately 50% of cases, in multiple integration sites. When plasmid-borne, blaCTX-M-15 was found in IncF (57.4%) and IncY plasmids (26.2%). Closely related plasmids were found in different genetic backgrounds. Genomic environment analysis of blaCTX-M-15 in closely related strains argued for mobilisation between plasmids or from plasmid to chromosome. CONCLUSIONS Massive prevalence of community faecal carriage of CTX-M-15-producing E. coli was observed in a rural region of Niger due to the spread of highly diverse A phylogroup commensalism-adapted clones, with frequent chromosomal integration of blaCTX-M-15. Plasmid spread was also observed. These data suggest a risk of sustainable implementation of ESBL in community faecal carriage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Jacquier
- Université Paris Cité, IAME UMR 1137, INSERM, 75018 Paris, France; Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Département de Prévention, Diagnostic et Traitement des Infections, Hôpital Henri Mondor, 94000 Créteil, France.
| | - Bachir Assao
- Epicentre, Médecins Sans Frontières, Maradi, Niger
| | - Françoise Chau
- Université Paris Cité, IAME UMR 1137, INSERM, 75018 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Mélanie Magnan
- Université Paris Cité, IAME UMR 1137, INSERM, 75018 Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Erick Denamur
- Université Paris Cité, IAME UMR 1137, INSERM, 75018 Paris, France; Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Hôpital Universitaire Bichat, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Victoire de Lastours
- Université Paris Cité, IAME UMR 1137, INSERM, 75018 Paris, France; Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Universitaire Beaujon, 92110 Clichy, France
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Aghamohammad S, Rohani M. Antibiotic resistance and the alternatives to conventional antibiotics: The role of probiotics and microbiota in combating antimicrobial resistance. Microbiol Res 2022; 267:127275. [PMID: 36493661 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
From the introduction of the first antibiotic to the present day, the emergence of antibiotic resistance has been a difficult problem for medicine. Regardless of the type of antibiotic resistance, the presence of resistant isolates in clinical and even asymptomatic fecal carriers becomes a difficult public health problem. Therefore, the use of new antimicrobial combination therapies or alternative agents with antimicrobial activity that have the least side effects, including plant-, metal-, and nanoparticle-based agents, could be crucial and useful. Recently, the use of probiotics as a hypothetical candidate to combat infectious disease control and antimicrobial resistance has received notable attention. Considering the alteration of the microbiota in fecal carriers and also in patients with resistant bacterial isolates, the use of probiotics could have an appropriate effect on the balance of the microbial population. In this review, we have attempted to discuss the history of antimicrobial resistance and provide an overview of microbiota change and the use of probiotics as new agents with antimicrobial activity associated with the emergence of resistant isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahdi Rohani
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Dela H, Egyir B, Majekodunmi AO, Behene E, Yeboah C, Ackah D, Bongo RNA, Bonfoh B, Zinsstag J, Bimi L, Addo KK. Diarrhoeagenic E. coli occurrence and antimicrobial resistance of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases isolated from diarrhoea patients attending health facilities in Accra, Ghana. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268991. [PMID: 35617316 PMCID: PMC9135277 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diarrhoea accounts for high morbidity and mortality in children and adults worldwide. Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) and Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) contribute to prolonged hospitalization because of their resistance and virulence properties aiding in the spread of diarrhoeal disease and delayed treatment. AIM To determine DEC and the antimicrobial resistance of ESBL-PE isolated among diarrhoea patients attending two health facilities in Ghana. METHODS Stool samples were collected from 122 diarrhoeal patients who attended Maamobi General Hospital and Kaneshie Polyclinic between January 2019 and March 2020. Identification of bacteria was performed by using the Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Using disk diffusion, antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was conducted and interpreted according to the 2018 CLSI guidelines. Detection of ESBL and DEC genes was performed using Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS A total of 80.3% (98/122) Enterobacteriaceae was recovered from the patients in the study with an overall ESBL occurrence of 20.4% (20/98), predominantly among E. coli showed 13.2% (10/76), Klebsiella pneumoniae,35.7%(5/14) and Proteus mirabilis, 57.1%(4/7). Among the ESBL genes detected, blaTEM (n = 14) was common, followed by blaCTX-M (n = 13) and blaSHV (n = 4). Thirty-four E. coli isolates possessed the heat labile (Lt) gene of Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). CONCLUSION Our findings confirm the existence of DEC and the antimicrobial resistance patterns of ESBL-PE among stool isolates, limiting the options of commonly used drugs for diarrhoeal treatment in Ghana. Routine laboratory testing in health care facilities and strengthened surveillance systems among hospital networks are encouraged for a better understanding of their epidemiology and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Dela
- Department of Bacteriology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science (DABCS), University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Beverly Egyir
- Department of Bacteriology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Ayodele O. Majekodunmi
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science (DABCS), University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Eric Behene
- Department of Bacteriology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Clara Yeboah
- Department of Bacteriology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Dominic Ackah
- Department of Bacteriology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Richard N. A. Bongo
- Institut de Recherche en Elevage pour le Développement (IRED), N’djamena, Chad
| | - Bassirou Bonfoh
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire (CSRS), Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Jakob Zinsstag
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (EPH), Swiss TPH, Basel Switzerland
| | - Langbong Bimi
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science (DABCS), University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kennedy Kwasi Addo
- Department of Bacteriology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
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High prevalence of fecal carriage of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae among food handlers at the University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264818. [PMID: 35298493 PMCID: PMC8929611 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae is a potential risk for the transmission of infection with resistant strains. Understanding the burden of these resistant strains in asymptomatic people is essential to reduce the chain of infection transmission. However, data on the fecal carriage of Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase and Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae among food handlers were limited in developing countries especially in Ethiopia. The aim of the present study is, therefore, to assess fecal carriage rate, associated factors, and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase and Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae among food handlers at the University of Gondar Cafeterias, Northwest Ethiopia. Materials and methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to June 2021 at the University of Gondar cafeterias. A total of 290 stool samples were collected, transported using Cary Blair transport medium, and processed. All isolates were cultured and identified by using MacConkey agar, and routine biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done to each isolate following the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. If the zone of inhibition was ≤ 22 mm for ceftazidime, ≤25 mm for ceftriaxone, and ≤27 for cefotaxime they were considered as potential ESBL strain and selected for a further phenotypic confirmatory. Moreover, the double-disc diffusion test and the modified carbapenem inactivation method were used for confirmations of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase and Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae respectively. If a ≥5mm difference in zone diameter for either antimicrobial agent in combination with clavulanic acid versus the zone diameter of the agent when tested alone (without B-lactamase inhibitor), was confirmed as ESBL-PE and if the zone of inhibition diameter between 6-15mm and 16- 18mm with a pinpoint colony, it was considered as carbapenem resistance Enterobacteriaceae. Data were entered using Epi-data version 4.6 and then exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. Potential risk factors were assessed using multivariable logistic regression and a p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Out of 290 stool samples, 63 (21.7%) and 7 (2.4%) were confirmed as Extended-spectrum β-lactamase and Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. The most predominant ESBL-PE was E. coli 43 (14.8%) followed by K. pneumoniae 17 (5.9%). Most of the Extended-spectrum β-lactamase and Carbapenemase-producing isolates were resistant to tetracycline, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone (100% each). In contrast, a low resistance level was recorded for Meropenem and cefoxitin. The overall Multi-drug resistant Enterobacteriaceae (MDR) was 147 (42.3%). Antibiotics usage in the last 3 months and drinking unpasteurized milk were associated with the carriage of the Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae. Conclusions and recommendations The high fecal carriage rate of Multi-drug resistance isolate, Extended-spectrum β-lactamase, and Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae were recorded among food handlers. Therefore, this study gives signals in the spread of drug-resistant bacteria easily to the community. Hence, the need for adjusting and promotion of infection prevention measures to prevent the spread of drug-resistant bacteria should not be underestimated.
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Wareth G, Linde J, Hammer P, Pletz MW, Neubauer H, Sprague LD. WGS-Based Phenotyping and Molecular Characterization of the Resistome, Virulome and Plasmid Replicons in Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates from Powdered Milk Produced in Germany. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10030564. [PMID: 35336140 PMCID: PMC8956024 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) in German healthcare is worrying. It is not well-investigated in the veterinary world and food chains. In the current study, antibiotic susceptibility profiles of 24 K. pneumoniae strains isolated from powdered milk samples produced in Germany were investigated by a microdilution test. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was applied to identify genomic determinants for antimicrobial resistance (AMR), virulence-associated genes and plasmids replicons. All isolates were susceptible to the majority (14/18) of tested antibiotics. Resistance to colistin, fosfomycin, chloramphenicol and piperacillin was found. The ambler class A ß-lactamase, blaSHV variants were identified in all isolates, of which blaSHV-187 was most prevalent and found in 50% of isolates. Single-nucleotide-variants of oqxA and oqxB conferring resistance to phenicol/quinolone were found in all isolates, and the oqxB17 was the most prevalent found in 46% of isolates. 67% of isolates harbored fosA genes; however, only one was fosfomycin-resistant. Two isolates harbored genes conferring resistance to colistin, despite being susceptible. The majority of identified virulome genes were iron uptake siderophores. Two enterobactins (entB, fepC), six adherence-related genes belonging to E. coli common pilus (ECP) and one secretion system (ompA gene) were found in all isolates. In contrast, yersiniabactin was found in two isolates. One ST23 strain was susceptible to all tested antibiotics, and harbored determinants discriminatory for hypervirulent strains, e.g., aerobactin, salmochelin, yersiniabactin, enterobactin and regulator of mucoid phenotype A genes that are highly associated with hypervirulent K. pneumoniae. The IncF plasmid family was found in all strains, while almost half of the isolates harbored Col440I-type plasmids and nine isolates harbored various Inc-type plasmids. The presence of K. pneumoniae carrying different resistomes and major virulent specific virulomes in powdered milk samples is alarming. This could threaten public health, particularly of neonates and infants consuming dried milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal Wareth
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses (IBIZ), Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany; (J.L.); (H.N.); (L.D.S.)
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Jena University, 07743 Jena, Germany;
- Department of Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | - Jörg Linde
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses (IBIZ), Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany; (J.L.); (H.N.); (L.D.S.)
| | - Philipp Hammer
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut, 24103 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Mathias W. Pletz
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Jena University, 07743 Jena, Germany;
- Research Campus Infectognostics, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Heinrich Neubauer
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses (IBIZ), Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany; (J.L.); (H.N.); (L.D.S.)
| | - Lisa D. Sprague
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses (IBIZ), Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany; (J.L.); (H.N.); (L.D.S.)
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Prevalence of Transferable OXA-1 β-Lactamase Associated with Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates in Iraq. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.15.2.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to explore the incidence of blaOXA-1 amongst Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates with resistant to carbapenem. Between December 2014 and April 2015, one hundred samples were taken from two hospitals: Babylon Teaching Hospital for Maternity and Pediatric / Babylon Province (clinical, umbilical infections, n= 40; environmental, n=20) and Karbala Hospital for Pediatric / Karbala Province (40 stool samples). All patients were hospitalized or attended these hospitals, all under 1 year of age. Seventeenth (17%) isolates were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae. The antibiotic resistance profile of isolates was tested using disk diffusion method. High-level of resistance was recorded with ampicillin (94.1%) and piperacillin (88.2%) antibiotics. Resistance to carbapenem was reported in two K.pneumoniae isolates, these were investigated for the existence of OXA-1β-lactamase using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. Two (100%) isolates gave positive result. Transference of this gene was studied by conjugation experiment. The blaOXA-1 gene conjugated successfully in 1 (50%) isolate only.
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Moghnia OH, Rotimi VO, Al-Sweih NA. Monitoring antibiotic resistance profiles of faecal isolates of Enterobacteriaceae and the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant isolates among food handlers in Kuwait. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2021; 25:370-376. [PMID: 33991748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) have become one of the most challenging problems in infectious diseases worldwide. Unrecognised personnel such as food handlers (FHs) colonised with CRE serve as a reservoir for transmission. This study assessed the prevalence and susceptibility patterns of CRE isolates from FHs working in commercial eateries in the community (CFHs) and healthcare settings (HCFHs) in Kuwait over the period 2016-2018. METHODS Representative colonies from faecal samples were identified by API 20E and a VITEK®2 ID System. Susceptibility testing against 21 antibiotics was performed by Etest and agar dilution. RESULTS A total of 681 isolates of the family Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from 405 FHs, of which 425 (62.4%) were Escherichia coli and 126 (18.5%) were Klebsiella pneumoniae. The prevalence of CRE among FHs was 7.7% (31/405), comprising 32% CFHs (10/31) and 68% HCFHs (21/31). Ampicillin, tetracycline and cefalotin showed very poor activities against most isolates with resistance rates of 63.3%, 41.7% and 40.8%, respectively. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates was 30.5%, including 130 E. coli (30.6%) and 22 K. pneumoniae (17.5%). An alarming level of colistin resistance (11.3%) was noted. A significant proportion of FH isolates (13.2%) exhibited extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) phenotypes, including 80 E. coli (18.8%) and 5 K. pneumoniae (4.0%). CONCLUSION This study revealed that asymptomatic intestinal carriage of CRE, including MDR and ESBL isolates, was relatively common in our community. It is conceivable that FHs may pose a significant risk to consumers for the acquisition and spread of resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola H Moghnia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | - Vincent O Rotimi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | - Noura A Al-Sweih
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
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