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Chafran L, Carfagno A. Synthesis of multi-responsive poly(NIPA- co-DMAEMA)-PBA hydrogel nanoparticles in aqueous solution for application as glucose-sensitive insulin-releasing nanoparticles. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2024; 23:1259-1270. [PMID: 38932860 PMCID: PMC11196523 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-024-01421-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to present an innovative method for synthesizing pH-thermo-glucose responsive poly(NIPA-co-DMAEMA)-PBA hydrogel nanoparticles via single-step aqueous free radical polymerization. Methods The synthesis process involved free radical polymerization in an aqueous solution, and the resulting nanoparticles were characterized for their physical and chemical properties by 1H NMR, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Insulin-loaded poly(NIPA-co-DMAEMA)-PBA hydrogel nanoparticles were prepared and evaluated for their insulin capture and release properties at different pH and temperature, in addition to different glucose concentrations, with the release profile of insulin quantitatively evaluated using the Bradford method. Results 1H NMR results confirmed successful PBA incorporation, and DLS outcomes consistently indicated a transition to a more hydrophobic state above the Lower Critical Solution Temperature (LCST) of NIPA and DMAEMA. While pH responsiveness exhibited variation, insulin release generally increased with rising pH from acidic to neutral conditions, aligning with the anticipated augmentation of anionic PBA moieties and increased hydrogel hydrophilicity. Increased insulin release in the presence of glucose, particularly for formulations with the lowest mol % PBA, along with a slight increase for the highest mol % PBA formulation when increasing glucose from 1 to 4 mg/mL, supported the potential of this approach for nanoparticle synthesis tailored for glucose-responsive insulin release. Conclusions This work successfully demonstrates a novel method for synthesizing responsive hydrogel nanoparticles and underscores their potential for controlled insulin release in response to glucose concentrations. The observed pH-dependent insulin release patterns and the influence of PBA content on responsiveness highlight the versatility and promise of this nanoparticle synthesis approach for applications in glucose-responsive drug delivery systems. Graphical abstract Poly(NIPA) nanoparticles containing PBA moieties are normally synthesized in two or more steps in the presence of organic solvents. Here we propose a new method for the synthesis of multiresponsive hydrogel poly(NIPA-co-DMAEMA)-PBA nanoparticles in aqueous medium in a single reaction to provide a fast and effective strategy for the production of glucose-responsive multi-systems in aqueous media from free radical polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Chafran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110 USA
| | - Amy Carfagno
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110 USA
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Synthesis of N-vinylcaprolactam and methacrylic acid based hydrogels and investigation of drug release characteristics. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04301-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Liu J, Liu H, Jia Y, Tan Z, Hou R, Lu J, Luo D, Fu X, Wang L, Wang X. Glucose-sensitive delivery of tannic acid by a photo-crosslinked chitosan hydrogel film for antibacterial and anti-inflammatory therapy. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2022; 33:1644-1663. [PMID: 35446748 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2068948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A glucose-sensitive antibacterial and anti-inflammatory hydrogel film with controlled release of tannic acid (TA) was synthesized using chitosan (CS). Specifically, the photo-crosslinked CS hydrogel was first obtained and then immersed in TA solution to generate composite hydrogel film with enhanced mechanical properties. Subsequently, N-hydroxysuccinimide/1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide based coupling chemistry was used to covalently crosslink glucose oxidase (GOx) to CS to obtain glucose sensitivity. The physicochemical properties, including chemical composition, enzyme-related characteristics, glucose responsiveness, and mechanical strength, were thoroughly investigated, followed by the cytotoxicity, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory tests. The results showed that the GOx immobilized on the film surface by covalent bonding gave better stability than those that were physically adsorbed. In addition, it could quickly and correspondingly modify its inner pore structure in response to the glucose stimulus and then control the loaded TA release. Meanwhile, the TA addition could enhance the film's mechanical properties. The composite hydrogel film demonstrated adequate biocompatibility and can inhibit NO, IL-6, and TNF-α production in stimulated macrophages, as well as Porphyromonas gingivalis growth, demonstrating effective antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yongliang Jia
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ziwei Tan
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruxia Hou
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jie Lu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, China
| | - Dongmei Luo
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xinyu Fu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lu Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, China
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De R, Mahata MK, Kim K. Structure-Based Varieties of Polymeric Nanocarriers and Influences of Their Physicochemical Properties on Drug Delivery Profiles. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105373. [PMID: 35112798 PMCID: PMC8981462 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Carriers are equally important as drugs. They can substantially improve bioavailability of cargos and safeguard healthy cells from toxic effects of certain therapeutics. Recently, polymeric nanocarriers (PNCs) have achieved significant success in delivering drugs not only to cells but also to subcellular organelles. Variety of natural sources, availability of different synthetic routes, versatile molecular architectures, exploitable physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability have presented polymers as one of the most desired materials for nanocarrier design. Recent innovative concepts and advances in PNC-associated nanotechnology are providing unprecedented opportunities to engineer nanocarriers and their functions. The efficiency of therapeutic loading has got considerably increased. Structural design-based varieties of PNCs are widely employed for the delivery of small therapeutic molecules to genes, and proteins. PNCs have gained ever-increasing attention and certainly paves the way to develop advanced nanomedicines. This article presents a comprehensive investigation of structural design-based varieties of PNCs and the influences of their physicochemical properties on drug delivery profiles with perspectives highlighting the inevitability of incorporating both the multi-stimuli-responsive and multi-drug delivery properties in a single carrier to design intelligent PNCs as new and emerging research directions in this rapidly developing area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit De
- Laboratory of Molecular NeurophysiologyDepartment of Life SciencesPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐RoPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology (IBB)Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐RoPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
| | - Manoj Kumar Mahata
- Drittes Physikalisches Institut ‐ BiophysikGeorg‐August‐Universität GöttingenFriedrich‐Hund‐Platz 1Göttingen37077Germany
| | - Kyong‐Tai Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular NeurophysiologyDepartment of Life SciencesPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐RoPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology (IBB)Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐RoPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
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5
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Li X, Bian L, Zhao X, He D, Liu G, Tang DW, Li Z, Wu J. Nanoparticles capable of managing hypoglycemia and preventing myocardial ischemia‐reperfusion injury. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Li
- Cardiothoracic and Great Vascular Surgery Xianyang First People's Hospital Xianyang China
| | - Ligong Bian
- College of Clinical Medical Kunming Medical University Kunming China
| | - Xi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming China
| | - Dan He
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming China
| | - Guohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming China
| | - Di Wei Tang
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming China
| | - Zhiqin Li
- Cardiothoracic and Great Vascular Surgery Xianyang First People's Hospital Xianyang China
| | - Junzi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming China
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Ma Q, Bian L, Zhao X, Tian X, Yin H, Wang Y, Shi A, Wu J. Novel glucose-responsive nanoparticles based on p-hydroxyphenethyl anisate and 3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid reduce blood glucose and ameliorate diabetic nephropathy. Mater Today Bio 2021; 13:100181. [PMID: 34927045 PMCID: PMC8649392 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An insulin delivery system that self-regulates blood sugar levels, mimicking the human pancreas, can improve hyperglycaemia. At present, a glucose-responsive insulin delivery system combining AAPBA with long-acting slow release biomaterials has been developed. However, the safety of sustained-release materials and the challenges of preventing diabetic complications remain. In this study, we developed a novel polymer slow release material using a plant extract—p-hydroxyphenylethyl anisate (HPA). After block copolymerisation with AAPBA, the prepared nanoparticles had good pH sensitivity, glucose sensitivity, insulin loading rate and stability under physiological conditions and had high biocompatibility. The analysis of streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) mouse model showed that the insulin-loaded injection of nanoparticles stably regulated the blood glucose levels of DN mice within 48 h. Importantly, with the degradation of the slow release material HPA in vivo, the renal function improved, the inflammatory response reduced, and antioxidation levels in DN mice improved. This new type of nanoparticles provides a new idea for hypoglycaemic nano-drug delivery system and may have potential in the prevention and treatment of diabetic complications. We established a new glucose-responsive intelligent system with HPA. p(AAPBA-b-HPA) shows good pH and glucose sensitivity. p(AAPBA-b-HPA) nanoparticles can slowly release HPA and insulin. This system can be used to regulate blood glucose. p(AAPBA-b-HPA) nanoparticles can aid in diabetic nephropathy prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Education Department of Yunnan, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Ligong Bian
- Department of Medical Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Xi Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Education Department of Yunnan, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Xuexia Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Education Department of Yunnan, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Hang Yin
- The Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Education Department of Yunnan, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Yutian Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Education Department of Yunnan, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Anhua Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Education Department of Yunnan, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Junzi Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Education Department of Yunnan, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
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Najmeddine AA, Saeed M, Beadham IG, ElShaer A. Efficacy and safety of glucose sensors for delivery of insulin: A Systematic Review. PHARMANUTRITION 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Banach Ł, Williams GT, Fossey JS. Insulin Delivery Using Dynamic Covalent Boronic Acid/Ester‐Controlled Release. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Banach
- School of Chemistry University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham West Midlands B15 2TT UK
| | - George T. Williams
- School of Chemistry University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham West Midlands B15 2TT UK
| | - John S. Fossey
- School of Chemistry University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham West Midlands B15 2TT UK
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A new Glucose-Responsive delivery system based on Sulfonamide-phenylboronic acid for subcutaneous insulin injection. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Zhao X, Shi A, Ma Q, Yan X, Bian L, Zhang P, Wu J. Nanoparticles prepared from pterostilbene reduce blood glucose and improve diabetes complications. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:191. [PMID: 34176494 PMCID: PMC8237509 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00928-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes complications are the leading cause of mortality in diabetic patients. The common complications are decline in antioxidant capacity and the onset of micro-inflammation syndrome. At present, glucose-responsive nanoparticles are widely used, as they can release insulin-loaded ultrafine particles intelligently and effectively reduce blood sugar. However, the toxicology of this method has not been fully elucidated. The plant extracts of pterostilbene (PTE) have a wide range of biological applications, such as antioxidation and inflammatory response improvement. Therefore, we have proposed new ideas for the cross application of plant extracts and biomaterials, especially as part of a hypoglycaemic nano-drug delivery system. RESULTS Based on the PTE, we successfully synthesised poly(3-acrylamidophenyl boric acid-b-pterostilbene) (p[AAPBA-b-PTE]) nanoparticles (NPs). The NPs were round in shape and ranged between 150 and 250 nm in size. The NPs possessed good pH and glucose sensitivity. The entrapment efficiency (EE) of insulin-loaded NPs was approximately 56%, and the drug loading (LC) capacity was approximately 13%. The highest release of insulin was 70%, and the highest release of PTE was 85%. Meanwhile, the insulin could undergo self-regulation according to changes in the glucose concentration, thus achieving an effective, sustained release. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that the NPs were safe and nontoxic. Under normal physiological conditions, NPs were completely degraded within 40 days. Fourteen days after mice were injected with p(AAPBA-b-PTE) NPs, there were no obvious abnormalities in the heart, liver, spleen, lung, or kidney. Moreover, NPs effectively reduced blood glucose, improved antioxidant capacity and reversed micro-inflammation in mice. CONCLUSIONS p(AAPBA-b-PTE) NPs were successfully prepared using PTE as raw material and effectively reduced blood glucose, improved antioxidant capacity and reduced the inflammatory response. This novel preparation can enable new combinations of plant extracts and biomaterials to adiministered through NPs or other dosage forms in order to regulate and treat diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhao
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, School of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, P.R. China
| | - Anhua Shi
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, School of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Ma
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, School of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, P.R. China
| | - Xueyan Yan
- College of Clinical Medical, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Ligong Bian
- College of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Pengyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Tuina for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Junzi Wu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, School of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, P.R. China.
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Kerry RG, Mahapatra GP, Maurya GK, Patra S, Mahari S, Das G, Patra JK, Sahoo S. Molecular prospect of type-2 diabetes: Nanotechnology based diagnostics and therapeutic intervention. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2021; 22:421-451. [PMID: 33052523 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-020-09606-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
About ninety percent of all diabetic conditions account for T2D caused due to abnormal insulin secretion/ action or increased hepatic glucose production. Factors that contribute towards the aetiology of T2D could be well explained through biochemical, molecular, and cellular aspects. In this review, we attempt to explain the recent evolving molecular and cellular advancement associated with T2D pathophysiology. Current progress fabricated in T2D research concerning intracellular signaling cascade, inflammasome, autophagy, genetic and epigenetics changes is discretely explained in simple terms. Present available anti-diabetic therapeutic strategies commercialized and their limitations which are needed to be acknowledged are addressed in the current review. In particular, the pre-eminence of nanotechnology-based approaches to nullify the inadequacy of conventional anti-diabetic therapeutics and heterogeneous nanoparticulated systems exploited in diabetic researches are also discretely mentioned and are also listed in a tabular format in the review. Additionally, as a future prospect of nanotechnology, the review presents several strategic hypotheses to ameliorate the austerity of T2D by an engineered smart targeted nano-delivery system. In detail, an effort has been made to hypothesize novel nanotechnological based therapeutic strategies, which exploits previously described inflammasome, autophagic target points. Utilizing graphical description it is explained how a smart targeted nano-delivery system could promote β-cell growth and development by inducing the Wnt signaling pathway (inhibiting Gsk3β), inhibiting inflammasome (inhibiting NLRP3), and activating autophagic target points (protecting Atg3/Atg7 complex from oxidative stress) thereby might ameliorate the severity of T2D. Additionally, several targeting molecules associated with autophagic and epigenetic factors are also highlighted, which can be exploited in future diabetic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rout George Kerry
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751004, India
| | | | - Ganesh Kumar Maurya
- Zoology Section, Mahila MahaVidyalya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Sushmita Patra
- Department of Biotechnology, North Odissa University, Takatpur, Baripada, Odisha, 757003, India
| | - Subhasis Mahari
- DBT- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, 500032, India
| | - Gitishree Das
- Research Institute of Biotechnology & Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayanta Kumar Patra
- Research Institute of Biotechnology & Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi, 10326, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sabuj Sahoo
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751004, India.
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Dorogin J, Townsend JM, Hettiaratchi MH. Biomaterials for protein delivery for complex tissue healing responses. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:2339-2361. [PMID: 33432960 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01804j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tissue repair requires a complex cascade of events mediated by a variety of cells, proteins, and matrix molecules; however, the healing cascade can be easily disrupted by numerous factors, resulting in impaired tissue regeneration. Recent advances in biomaterials for tissue regeneration have increased the ability to tailor the delivery of proteins and other biomolecules to injury sites to restore normal healing cascades and stimulate robust tissue repair. In this review, we discuss the evolution of the field toward creating biomaterials that precisely control protein delivery to stimulate tissue regeneration, with a focus on addressing complex and dynamic injury environments. We highlight biomaterials that leverage different mechanisms to deliver and present proteins involved in healing cascades, tissue targeting and mimicking strategies, materials that can be triggered by environmental cues, and integrated strategies that combine multiple biomaterial properties to improve protein delivery. Improvements in biomaterial design to address complex injury environments will expand our understanding of both normal and aberrant tissue repair processes and ultimately provide a better standard of patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Dorogin
- Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 6321 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97401, USA.
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