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Liu Z, Liu Y, Wu Z, Liu B, Zhao L, Yin T, Zhang Y, He H, Gou J, Tang X, Gao S. Research on the loading and release kinetics of the vincristine sulfate liposomes and its anti-breast cancer activity. Int J Pharm X 2024; 7:100258. [PMID: 38912324 PMCID: PMC11190724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Vincristine (VCR), as a cytotoxic drug, is used clinically to treat acute lymphatic leukemia and breast cancer, and commonly used clinically as vincristine sulfate (VCRS). However, its clinical use is limited by unpredictable pharmacologic characteristics, a narrow therapeutic index, and neurotoxicity. The pH gradient method was used for active drug loading of VCRS, and the process route mainly includes the preparation of blank liposomes and drug-loaded liposomes. VCRS liposomes had suitable particle size, high encapsulation efficiency and good stability. The loading and release kinetics of VCRS liposomes were explored. By calculating the changes of encapsulation efficiency with time at different temperatures, it was confirmed that the drug-loading process of liposomes exhibited a first-order kinetic feature, and the activation energy required for the reaction was determined as 20.6 kcal/mol. The release behavior at different pH was also investigated, and it was demonstrated that the release behavior conformed to the first-order model, suggesting that the release mechanism of VCRS was simple transmembrane diffusion. VCRS liposomes also enhanced in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity. Thus, VCRS liposomes showed great potential for VCRS delivery, and the loading and release kinetics were well researched to provide a reference for investigating active drug loading liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixu Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110116, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Innovative Research Center for Integrated Cancer Omics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zixuan Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110116, China
| | - Boyuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110116, China
| | - Linxuan Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Tian Yin
- Department of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110116, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110116, China
| | - Haibing He
- Department of Pharmaceutics Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110116, China
| | - Jingxin Gou
- Department of Pharmaceutics Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110116, China
| | - Xing Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110116, China
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Shenyang, China
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Parodi A, Kolesova EP, Voronina MV, Frolova AS, Kostyushev D, Trushina DB, Akasov R, Pallaeva T, Zamyatnin AA. Anticancer Nanotherapeutics in Clinical Trials: The Work behind Clinical Translation of Nanomedicine. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13368. [PMID: 36362156 PMCID: PMC9656556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The ultimate goal of nanomedicine has always been the generation of translational technologies that can ameliorate current therapies. Cancer disease represented the primary target of nanotechnology applied to medicine, since its clinical management is characterized by very toxic therapeutics. In this effort, nanomedicine showed the potential to improve the targeting of different drugs by improving their pharmacokinetics properties and to provide the means to generate new concept of treatments based on physical treatments and biologics. In this review, we considered different platforms that reached the clinical trial investigation, providing an objective analysis about their physical and chemical properties and the working mechanism at the basis of their tumoritr opic properties. With this review, we aim to help other scientists in the field in conceiving their delivering platforms for clinical translation by providing solid examples of technologies that eventually were tested and sometimes approved for human therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Parodi
- Scientific Center for Translation Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina P. Kolesova
- Scientific Center for Translation Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - Maya V. Voronina
- Scientific Center for Translation Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - Anastasia S. Frolova
- Scientific Center for Translation Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Kostyushev
- Scientific Center for Translation Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Daria B. Trushina
- Institute of Molecular Theranostics, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Federal Scientific Research Center «Crystallography and Photonics», Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman Akasov
- Institute of Molecular Theranostics, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Federal Scientific Research Center «Crystallography and Photonics», Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333 Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Pallaeva
- Scientific Center for Translation Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Federal Scientific Research Center «Crystallography and Photonics», Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333 Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Scientific Center for Translation Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
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FDA-Approved Drugs for Hematological Malignancies-The Last Decade Review. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010087. [PMID: 35008250 PMCID: PMC8750348 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hematological malignancies are diseases involving the abnormal production of blood cells. The aim of the study is to collect comprehensive information on new drugs used in the treatment of blood cancers which have introduced into therapy in the last decade. The approved drugs were analyzed for their structures and their biological activity mechanisms. Abstract Hematological malignancies, also referred to as blood cancers, are a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth and persisting in the blood, lymph nodes, or bone marrow. The development of new targeted therapies including small molecule inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, bispecific T cell engagers, antibody-drug conjugates, recombinant immunotoxins, and, finally, Chimeric Antigen Receptor T (CAR-T) cells has improved the clinical outcomes for blood cancers. In this review, we summarized 52 drugs that were divided into small molecule and macromolecule agents, approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the period between 2011 and 2021 for the treatment of hematological malignancies. Forty of them have also been approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). We analyzed the FDA-approved drugs by investigating both their structures and mechanisms of action. It should be emphasized that the number of targeted drugs was significantly higher (46 drugs) than chemotherapy agents (6 drugs). We highlight recent advances in the design of drugs that are used to treat hematological malignancies, which make them more effective and less toxic.
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Nanocarriers as Magic Bullets in the Treatment of Leukemia. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10020276. [PMID: 32041219 PMCID: PMC7075174 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia is a type of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell malignancy characterized by the accumulation of immature cells in the blood and bone marrow. Treatment strategies mainly rely on the administration of chemotherapeutic agents, which, unfortunately, are known for their high toxicity and side effects. The concept of targeted therapy as magic bullet was introduced by Paul Erlich about 100 years ago, to inspire new therapies able to tackle the disadvantages of chemotherapeutic agents. Currently, nanoparticles are considered viable options in the treatment of different types of cancer, including leukemia. The main advantages associated with the use of these nanocarriers summarized as follows: i) they may be designed to target leukemic cells selectively; ii) they invariably enhance bioavailability and blood circulation half-life; iii) their mode of action is expected to reduce side effects. FDA approval of many nanocarriers for treatment of relapsed or refractory leukemia and the desired results extend their application in clinics. In the present review, different types of nanocarriers, their capability in targeting leukemic cells, and the latest preclinical and clinical data are discussed.
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Kalaydina RV, Bajwa K, Qorri B, Decarlo A, Szewczuk MR. Recent advances in "smart" delivery systems for extended drug release in cancer therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:4727-4745. [PMID: 30154657 PMCID: PMC6108334 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s168053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in nanomedicine have become indispensable for targeted drug delivery, early detection, and increasingly personalized approaches to cancer treatment. Nanoparticle-based drug-delivery systems have overcome some of the limitations associated with traditional cancer-therapy administration, such as reduced drug solubility, chemoresistance, systemic toxicity, narrow therapeutic indices, and poor oral bioavailability. Advances in the field of nanomedicine include “smart” drug delivery, or multiple levels of targeting, and extended-release drug-delivery systems that provide additional methods of overcoming these limitations. More recently, the idea of combining smart drug delivery with extended-release has emerged in hopes of developing highly efficient nanoparticles with improved delivery, bioavailability, and safety profiles. Although functionalized and extended-release drug-delivery systems have been studied extensively, there remain gaps in the literature concerning their application in cancer treatment. We aim to provide an overview of smart and extended-release drug-delivery systems for the delivery of cancer therapies, as well as to introduce innovative advancements in nanoparticle design incorporating these principles. With the growing need for increasingly personalized medicine in cancer treatment, smart extended-release nanoparticles have the potential to enhance chemotherapy delivery, patient adherence, and treatment outcomes in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Komal Bajwa
- Postgraduate Medical Education, Graduate Diploma and Professional Master in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Queen's University
| | - Bessi Qorri
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University,
| | | | - Myron R Szewczuk
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University,
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Ronson A, Tvito A, Rowe JM. Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Adults. Curr Oncol Rep 2017; 18:39. [PMID: 27207612 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-016-0519-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Patients with relapsed and refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have a dismal prognosis with less than 10 % of patients surviving 5 years. Most such patients cannot be rescued with currently available therapies, whatever the initial treatment they receive. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel treatment options. Fortunately, over the past several years, an improved understanding of the biology of the disease has allowed the identification of rational molecular targets for therapeutic endeavors and the emergence of novel therapies has sparked great interest. This review will discuss the current treatment landscape for adult patients with relapsed and/or refractory ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aharon Ronson
- Department of Hematology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, 12 Shmuel Bayit Street, Jerusalem, 91031, Israel
| | - Ariella Tvito
- Department of Hematology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, 12 Shmuel Bayit Street, Jerusalem, 91031, Israel
| | - Jacob M Rowe
- Department of Hematology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, 12 Shmuel Bayit Street, Jerusalem, 91031, Israel. .,Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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Eryılmaz E, Canpolat C. Novel agents for the treatment of childhood leukemia: an update. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:3299-3306. [PMID: 28740405 PMCID: PMC5505617 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s126368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Achieving lower morbidity and higher survival rates in the treatment of childhood leukemia has been a paradigm of success in modern oncology. However, serious long-term health complications occur in very large populations of childhood leukemia survivors, in the case of both acute lymphoid leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Additionally, 15% of acute lymphoid leukemia patients have treatment failures, and rates are even higher in childhood AML. In the last few decades, as a result of well-tested experiments that statistically analyzed treatment cohorts, new agents have emerged as alternatives or supplements to established treatments, in which high survival and/or less morbidity were observed. This review provides an overview of better practice in the treatment of childhood leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ertugrul Eryılmaz
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Acibadem Maslak Hospital
| | - Cengiz Canpolat
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Acibadem Kozyatagi Hospital, Acıbadem University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Douer D. Efficacy and Safety of Vincristine Sulfate Liposome Injection in the Treatment of Adult Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia. Oncologist 2016; 21:840-7. [PMID: 27328933 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2015-0391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED : Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a heterogeneous group of hematologic malignancies that arise from clonal proliferation of immature lymphoid cells in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and other organs. The vinca alkaloid vincristine is a standard component of chemotherapy regimens used to treat ALL, because of its well-defined mechanism of action, demonstrated anticancer activity, and ability to be combined with other agents. However, the dosage of vincristine is frequently capped because of neurotoxicity concerns, and patients with large body surface areas are, therefore, almost always underdosed. Liposomal formulations have the ability to "passively" accumulate at sites of increased vasculature permeability and reduce the adverse effects of encapsulated relative to free drug. Vincristine sulfate liposome injection (VSLI) is a sphingomyelin/cholesterol-based liposome-encapsulated formulation that is delivered weekly in a 1-hour infusion. Based on the pharmacokinetics of the liposomal delivery system, vincristine is slowly released from the liposome and delivered into the tissues more efficiently than with the standard preparation, allowing a higher dose. This increase in therapeutic index from reduced toxicity is a valuable difference between the two formulations. VSLI is indicated for the treatment of adults with second or greater relapse and clinically advanced Philadelphia chromosome-negative ALL. For the first time, studies will be able to exploit the delivery of higher and uncapped doses of vincristine in randomized studies comparing first-line chemotherapy with standard vincristine versus VSLI in both ALL and lymphoma to determine whether VSLI is superior to conventional vincristine. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE This review summarizes the development of vincristine sulfate liposome injection, a new formulation of vincristine. The pharmacokinetics of liposomal drug delivery are examined, the limitations and advantages of conventional and liposomal vincristine are compared, and the use of vincristine sulfate liposome injection in clinical trials and case studies is included. Clinicians will be informed of a new chemotherapy agent that is indicated for the treatment of adults with Philadelphia chromosome-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia, whose disease has relapsed two or more times or whose leukemia has progressed after two or more regimens of antileukemia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Douer
- Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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9
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Ding Z, Han MZ, Chen SL, Ma QL, Wei JL, Pang AM, Zhang XY, Liang C, Yao JF, Cao YG, Feng SZ, Jiang EL. Outcomes of Adults with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia After Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and the Significance of Pretransplantation Minimal Residual Disease: Analysis from a Single Center of China. Chin Med J (Engl) 2016; 128:2065-71. [PMID: 26228220 PMCID: PMC4717956 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.161365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The postremission therapies for adult patients generally contain consolidation chemotherapy, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT). Because of the various results from different centers, the optimal therapy for adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients is still uncertain. This study aimed to better understand predictive factors and role of auto-HSCT in the postremission therapy for adult ALL patients. Methods: The outcomes of 135 adult patients with ALL, who received the first auto-HSCT in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center of Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 1, 1994 to February 28, 2014, were retrospectively analyzed. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and simultaneous effects of multiple covariates were estimated with the Cox model. Results: Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) at 5 years for the whole cohort were 59.1 ± 4.5% and 59.0 ± 4.4%, respectively. The cumulative nonrelapse mortality and relapse rate at 5 years were 4.5 ± 0.03% and 36.6 ± 0.19%. For both OS and DFS, acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia, high lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) at diagnosis, blast cell proportion ≥5% on the 15th day of induction therapy, and extramedullary infiltration before HSCT were the poor prognosis factors. In addition, age ≥35 years predicted poor DFS. Only T-ALL and high LDH were the independent undesirable factors associated with OS and DFS in Cox regression model. For 44 patients who had results of pretransplantation minimal residual disease (MRD), positive MRD (MRD ≥0.01%) indicated poor OS (P = 0.044) and DFS (P = 0.008). Furthermore, for the standard risk group, the patients with negative MRD (MRD <0.01%) had better results (OS at 18 months was 90.0 ± 9.5%, while for the patients with positive MRD OS was 50.0 ± 35.4%, P = 0.003; DFS at 18 months was 90.0 ± 9.5%, while for the positive MRD group DFS was 0%, P < 0.001). Conclusions: This study confirmed that auto-HSCT combined with posttransplantation maintenance chemotherapy could be an option for adult ALL patients and pretransplantation MRD may play a significant role in the direction of therapy for adult ALL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Er-Lie Jiang
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, China
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10
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Lee CT, Huang YW, Yang CH, Huang KS. Drug delivery systems and combination therapy by using vinca alkaloids. Curr Top Med Chem 2016; 15:1491-500. [PMID: 25877096 PMCID: PMC4997956 DOI: 10.2174/1568026615666150414120547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Developing new methods for chemotherapy drug delivery has become a topic of great concern. Vinca alkaloids are among the most widely used chemotherapy reagents for tumor therapy; however, their side effects are particularly problematic for many medical doctors. To reduce the toxicity and enhance the therapeutic efficiency of vinca alkaloids, many researchers have developed strategies such as using liposome-entrapped drugs, chemical- or peptide-modified drugs, polymeric packaging drugs, and chemotherapy drug combinations. This review mainly focuses on the development of a vinca alkaloid drug delivery system and the combination therapy. Five vinca alkaloids (eg, vincristine, vinblastine, vinorelbine, vindesine, and vinflunine) are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Keng-Shiang Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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11
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[Outcomes of adults with Ph-negative B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and the significance of minimal residual disease]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2015; 36:587-92. [PMID: 26304084 PMCID: PMC7342636 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2015.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
目的 探讨自体造血干细胞移植(auto-HSCT)在成人Ph染色体阴性急性B淋巴细胞白血病(B-ALL)中的地位及其预后因素。 方法 回顾性分析1996年1月至2014年2月86例首次行auto-HSCT患者的疗效。 结果 5年总生存(OS)和无病生存(DFS)率分别为(63.8±5.6)%和(60.9±5.6)%,5年累积无复发死亡(NRM)率和复发率分别为(4.70±0.05)%和(34.40±0.31)%。年龄≥35岁、诊断时乳酸脱氢酶水平高、高白细胞起病、首次诱导治疗第15天骨髓原始细胞比例≥5%、第1次完全缓解(CR1)至移植时间间隔>6个月及回输物中CD34+细胞数≥3.8×106/kg均为不良预后因素。且CR1至移植时间间隔>6个月是影响预后的独立不良因素。34例患者具有微小残留病(MRD)检测结果,显示移植前MRD阳性(MRD≥0.01 %)、首次诱导化疗后MRD未转阴或巩固化疗过程中MRD转阳均提示不良预后,且巩固化疗中MRD转阳是影响DFS的独立不良因素。 结论 auto-HSCT联合维持化疗是成人B-ALL治疗的可选方案。由于移植前及化疗过程中MRD阴性结果提示更好的结局,故MRD可能在指导成人B-ALL移植治疗中具有重要意义。
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12
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Samir A, Elgamal BM, Gabr H, Sabaawy HE. Nanotechnology applications in hematological malignancies (Review). Oncol Rep 2015; 34:1097-105. [PMID: 26134389 PMCID: PMC4530900 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A major limitation to current cancer therapies is the development of therapy-related side-effects and dose limiting complications. Moreover, a better understanding of the biology of cancer cells and the mechanisms of resistance to therapy is rapidly developing. The translation of advanced knowledge and discoveries achieved at the molecular level must be supported by advanced diagnostic, therapeutic and delivery technologies to translate these discoveries into useful tools that are essential in achieving progress in the war against cancer. Nanotechnology can play an essential role in this aspect providing a transforming technology that can translate the basic and clinical findings into novel diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive tools useful in different types of cancer. Hematological malignancies represent a specific class of cancer, which attracts special attention in the applications of nanotechnology for cancer diagnosis and treatment. The aim of the present review is to elucidate the emerging applications of nanotechnology in cancer management and describe the potentials of nanotechnology in changing the key fundamental aspects of hematological malignancy diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Samir
- Department of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Basma M Elgamal
- Department of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala Gabr
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Kasr Al‑Ainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hatem E Sabaawy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Kasr Al‑Ainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Xu Y, Qiu L. Nonspecifically enhanced therapeutic effects of vincristine on multidrug-resistant cancers when coencapsulated with quinine in liposomes. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:4225-37. [PMID: 26170660 PMCID: PMC4494179 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s84555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of vincristine (VCR) to treat cancer has been limited by its dose-dependent toxicity and development of drug resistance after repeated administrations. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which quinine hydrochloride (QN) acts as a sensitizer for VCR. Our experiments used three kinds of multidrug-resistant cancer cells and demonstrated that QN worked by inducing intracellular depletion of adenosine triphosphate, increasing adenosine triphosphatase activity, and decreasing P-glycoprotein expression. Based on these results, we designed and prepared a VCR and QN codelivery liposome (VQL) and investigated the effect of coencapsulated QN on the in vitro cytotoxicity of VCR in cells and three-dimensional multicellular tumor spheroids. The antitumor effects of the formulation were also evaluated in multidrug-resistant tumor-bearing mice. The results of this in vivo study indicated that VQL could reverse VCR resistance. In addition, it reduced tumor volume 5.4-fold when compared with other test groups. The data suggest that VQL could be a promising nanoscaled therapeutic agent to overcome multidrug resistance, and may have important clinical implications for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liyan Qiu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Qu D, He J, Liu C, Zhou J, Chen Y. Triterpene-loaded microemulsion using Coix lacryma-jobi seed extract as oil phase for enhanced antitumor efficacy: preparation and in vivo evaluation. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 9:109-19. [PMID: 24379669 PMCID: PMC3872217 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s54796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum triterpene-loaded microemulsions (TMEs) using Coix lacryma-jobi (adlay) seed oil as oil phase were prepared, characterized, and evaluated for enhanced antitumor activity. Ternary phase diagrams for the TMEs were constructed and the optimal preparation was developed. Transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering showed that this formulation had a well defined spherical shape, a homogeneous distribution, a small size, and a narrow polydispersity index. The drug-loading rate was determined to be 9.87% by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and acceptable stability under various stimulations in vitro was confirmed. Importantly, the TME formulation showed a significantly greater antiproliferative effect towards human lung carcinoma (A549) cells and murine lung tumor (Lewis) cells in comparison with suspension formulations containing triterpene and adlay seed oil as a positive control. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration of the TMEs was about 0.62 mg crude drug per mL, being 2.5-fold improved relative to that of the corresponding suspension formulation, but no significant cytotoxicity was observed for the bare microemulsion in A549 cells and Lewis cells. In vivo, the TME formulation showed markedly enhanced antitumor efficacy in a xenograft model of Lewis lung cancer after intragastric administration. Compared with cyclophosphamide, the TME formulation showed similar antitumor activity but less general toxicity. These results indicate the feasibility of using a microemulsion to increase the solubility of triterpene and adlay. TMEs hold promise as an efficient drug delivery system for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Qu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie He
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Congyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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