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Lima M, Moreira B, Bertuzzi R, Lima-Silva A. Could nanotechnology improve exercise performance? Evidence from animal studies. Braz J Med Biol Res 2024; 57:e13360. [PMID: 38656076 PMCID: PMC11027182 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2024e13360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This review provides the current state of knowledge regarding the use of nutritional nanocompounds on exercise performance. The reviewed studies used the following nanocompounds: resveratrol-loaded lipid nanoparticles, folic acid into layered hydroxide nanoparticle, redox-active nanoparticles with nitroxide radicals, and iron into liposomes. Most of these nutritional nanocompounds seem to improve performance in endurance exercise compared to the active compound in the non-nanoencapsulated form and/or placebo. Nutritional nanocompounds also induced the following physiological and metabolic alterations: 1) improved antioxidant activity and reduced oxidative stress; 2) reduction in inflammation status; 3) maintenance of muscle integrity; 4) improvement in mitochondrial function and quality; 5) enhanced glucose levels during exercise; 6) higher muscle and hepatic glycogen levels; and 7) increased serum and liver iron content. However, all the reviewed studies were conducted in animals (mice and rats). In conclusion, nutritional nanocompounds are a promising approach to improving exercise performance. As the studies using nutritional nanocompounds were all conducted in animals, further studies in humans are necessary to better understand the application of nutritional nanocompounds in sport and exercise science.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.R. Lima
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Desempenho Humano, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - B.J. Moreira
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - R. Bertuzzi
- Grupo de Estudos em Desempenho Aeróbio, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - A.E. Lima-Silva
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Desempenho Humano, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
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Li B, Wu K, Duan G, Yin W, Lei M, Yan Y, Ren Y, Zhang C. Folic Acid and Taurine Alleviate the Impairment of Redox Status, Immunity, Rumen Microbial Composition and Fermentation of Lambs under Heat Stress. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:998. [PMID: 38612237 PMCID: PMC11010938 DOI: 10.3390/ani14070998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate if the supplementation of folic acid and taurine can relieve the adverse effects of different levels of heat stress (HS) on growth performance, physiological indices, antioxidative capacity, immunity, rumen fermentation and microbiota. A total of 24 Dorper × Hu crossbred lambs (27.51 ± 0.96 kg) were divided into four groups: control group (C, 25 °C), moderate HS group (MHS, 35 °C), severe HS group (SHS, 40 °C), and the treatment group, under severe HS (RHS, 40 °C, 4 and 40 mg/kg BW/d coated folic acid and taurine, respectively). Results showed that, compared with Group C, HS significantly decreased the ADG of lambs (p < 0.05), and the ADG in the RHS group was markedly higher than in the MHS and SHS group (p < 0.05). HS had significant detrimental effects on physiological indices, antioxidative indices and immune status on the 4th day (p < 0.05). The physiological indices, such as RR and ST, increased significantly (p < 0.05) with the HS level and were significantly decreased in the RHS group, compared to the SHS group (p < 0.05). HS induced the significant increase of MDA, TNF-α, and IL-β, and the decrease of T-AOC, SOD, GPx, IL-10, IL-13, IgA, IgG, and IgM (p < 0.05). However, there was a significant improvement in these indices after the supplementation of folic acid and taurine under HS. Moreover, there were a significant increase in Quinella and Succinivibrio, and an evident decrease of the genera Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and Asteroleplasma under HS (p < 0.05). The LEfSe analysis showed that the genera Butyrivibrio, Eubacterium_ventriosum_group, and f_Bifidobacteriaceae were enriched in the MHS, SHS and RHS groups, respectively. Correlated analysis indicated that the genus Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group was positively associated with MDA, while it was negatively involved in IL-10, IgA, IgM, and SOD (p < 0.05); The genus Anaeroplasma was positively associated with the propionate and valerate, while the genus Succinivibrio was negatively involved in TNF-α (p < 0.05). In conclusion, folic acid and taurine may alleviate the adverse effects of HS on antioxidant capacity, immunomodulation, and rumen fermentation of lambs by inducing changes in the microbiome that improve animal growth performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Youshe Ren
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (B.L.); (K.W.); (G.D.); (W.Y.); (M.L.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (B.L.); (K.W.); (G.D.); (W.Y.); (M.L.); (Y.Y.)
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Hamed A, Ghareeb D, Mohamed TM, Hamed M, Nofal MS, Gaber M. Caffeine-folic acid-loaded-chitosan nanoparticles combined with methotrexate as a novel HepG2 immunotherapy targeting adenosine A2A receptor downstream cascade. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:384. [PMID: 37891562 PMCID: PMC10604858 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04212-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methotrexate (MTX) is a common chemotherapeutic drug that inhibits DNA synthesis and induces apoptosis. Treatment with MTX increased CD73 expression, which leads to higher levels of extracellular adenosine. Adenosine levels are also high in the tumor microenvironment through Cancer cells metabolism. That promotes the survival of cancer cells and contributes to tumor immune evasion through the Adenosine 2a Receptor. A2A receptor antagonists are an emerging class of agents that treat cancers by enhancing immunotherapy, both as monotherapy and in combination with other therapeutic agents. Caffeine is an adenosine receptor antagonist. Herein, we demonstrate the ability of a novel well prepared and characterized nano formula CAF-FA-CS-NPs (D4) for A2aR blockade when combination with MTX to improve its antitumor efficacy by enhancing the immune system and eliminating immune suppression. METHODS CAF-FA-CS-NPs (D4) were prepared and characterized for particle size, loading efficiency, and release profile. Molecular docking was used to validate the binding affinity of caffeine and folic acid to A2A receptor. The effects of the nano formula were evaluated on human liver cancer cells (HepG2), breast cancer cells (MCF-7), and MDA-MB-231, as well as normal human cells (WI-38). Different combination ratios of MTX and D4 were studied to identify the optimal combination for further genetic studies. RESULTS Molecular docking results validated that caffeine and folic acid have binding affinity to A2A receptor. The CS-NPs were successfully prepared using ionic gelation method, with caffeine and folic acid being loaded and conjugated to the nanoparticles through electrostatic interactions. The CAF loading capacity in D4 was 77.9 ± 4.37% with an encapsulation efficiency of 98.5 ± 0.37. The particle size was optimized through ratio variations. The resulting nanoparticles were fully characterized. The results showed that (D4) had antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity against different cancer cells. The combination of D4 with MTX (IC50 D4 + 0.5 IC50 MTX) resulted in the downregulation of Bcl-2, FOXP3, CD39, and CD73 gene expression levels and upregulation of Bax and A2AR gene expression levels in HepG2 cells. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that CAF-FA-CS-NPs (D4) in combination with MTX may be a promising candidate for cancer immunotherapy, by inhibiting A2aR signaling and leading to improved immune activation and anti-tumor activity of MTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Hamed
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
| | - Doaa Ghareeb
- Bio-Screening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Tarek M Mohamed
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Hamed
- Pharmaceutical Services Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, 31111, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Nofal
- Center of Excellency for Drug Preclinical Studies (CE-DPS), Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industries Development Centre, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - M Gaber
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
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4
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Anti-fatigue Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicines: A Review. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:597-604. [PMID: 37063439 PMCID: PMC10102495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A third of the world's population suffers from unexplained fatigue, hugely impacting work learning, efficiency, and health. The fatigue development may be a concomitant state of a disease or the side effect of a drug, or muscle fatigue induced by intense exercise. However, there are no authoritative guides or clinical medication recommendations for various fatigue classifications. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) are used as dietary supplements or healthcare products with specific anti-fatigue effects. Thus, TCM may be a potential treatment for fatigue. In this review, we outline the pathogenesis of fatigue, awareness of fatigue in Chinese and western medicine, pharmacodynamics mechanism, and substances. Additionally, we offer a comprehensive summary of fatigue and forecast the potential effect of novel herbal-based medicines against fatigue.
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The Influence of Solvents and Colloidal Particles on the Efficiency of Molecular Antioxidants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010099. [PMID: 36670961 PMCID: PMC9855148 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The radical scavenging activity of three molecular antioxidants (trolox, rutin and ellagic acid) was investigated in different solvents with and without added polymer-based colloidal particles (SL-IP-2). Rutin and ellagic acid showed poor solubility in water, preventing the accurate measurement of the effective antioxidant concentration values, which were determined in ethanol/water (EtOH/H2O) mixtures. The presence of trolox and rutin changed neither the surface charge properties nor the size of SL-IP-2 in these solvents, while significant adsorption on SL-IP-2 was observed for ellagic acid leading to overcharging and rapid particle aggregation at appropriately high antioxidant concentrations in EtOH/H2O. The differences in the radical scavenging capacity of trolox and ellagic acid that was observed in homogeneous solutions using water or EtOH/H2O as solvents vanished in the presence of the particles. Rutin lost its activity after addition of SL-IP-2 due to the larger molecular size and lower exposure of the functional groups to the substrate upon interaction with the particles. The obtained results shed light on the importance of the type of solvent and particle-antioxidant interfacial effects on the radical decomposition ability of molecular antioxidants, which is of crucial importance in industrial processes involving heterogeneous systems.
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Dehnad D, Emadzadeh B, Ghorani B, Rajabzadeh G, Kharazmi MS, Jafari SM. Nano-vesicular carriers for bioactive compounds and their applications in food formulations. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:5583-5602. [PMID: 36519525 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2156474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The most commonly used vesicular systems in the food industry include liposomes, niosomes, phytosomes, or transfersomes. This review focuses on showing how nano-vesicular carriers (NVCs) amend the properties of bioactive compounds (bioactives), making them suitable for food applications, especially functional foods. In this research, we elaborate on the question of whether bioactive-loaded NVCs affect various food aspects such as their antioxidant capacity, or sensory properties. This review also shows how NVCs improve the long-term release profile of bioactives during storage and at different pH values. Besides, the refinement of digestibility and bioaccessibility of diverse bioactives through NVCs in the gastrointestinal tract is elucidated. NVCs allow for stable vesicle formation (e.g. from anthocyanins) which reduces their cytotoxicity and proliferation of cancer cells, prolongs the release bioactives (e.g. d-limonene) with no critical burst, reduces the biofilm formation capacity of both Gram-positive/negative strains and their biofilm gene expression is down-regulated (in the case of tannic acid), low oxidation (e.g. iron) is endured when exposed to simulated gastric fluid, and unpleasant smell and taste are masked (in case of omega-3 fatty acids). After the incorporation of bioactive-loaded NVCs into food products, their antioxidant capacity is enhanced, maintaining high encapsulation efficiency and enduring pasteurization conditions, and they are not distinguished from control samples in sensory evaluation despite the reverse situation about free bioactives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danial Dehnad
- Department of Food Nanotechnology, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bahareh Emadzadeh
- Department of Food Nanotechnology, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Behrouz Ghorani
- Department of Food Nanotechnology, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ghadir Rajabzadeh
- Department of Food Nanotechnology, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST), Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense, Spain
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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7
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Li N, Zhao Y, Wang F, Song L, Qiao M, Wang T, Huang X. Folic acid alleviates lead acetate-mediated cardiotoxicity by down-regulating the expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, GRP78, and CHOP proteins. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:55916-55927. [PMID: 35322363 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19821-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the interventional effects of folic acid on the heart damage caused by lead acetate exposure. Twenty-four 60-day-old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 rats in each group. The control group (C group) was normal rats; the lead exposure group (L group) rats drank 0.2% lead acetate solution freely for 14 days. The rats in the intervention group (T group) were given 0.2% lead acetate solution for 14 days, respectively, and 0.4 mg/kg BW folic acid solution was given to the rats by gavage on the 7th day of lead administration. The rats in the folic acid group (group E) were given 0.4 mg/kg BW folic acid solution by gavage. To weigh rat body weight and heart weight, calculate heart index, and observe the expression level of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2), heme oxygenase 1(HO-1), glucose-regulated protein 78/binding immunoglobulin protein (GRP78), and C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP) by immunofluorescence method. The results showed that compared with group C, serum lead levels in group L and T were significantly increased (P < 0.05); superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) levels in group L were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly higher increased (P < 0.05), and the GSH-PX content in group T were significantly increased in group L (P < 0.05), and the MDA content in group T was significantly lower than that in group L (P < 0.05). Compared with group C, the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, GRP78, and CHOP in group L increased significantly, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Compared with the L group, the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, GRP78, and CHOP in the T group was reduced. Therefore, folic acid has a certain protective effect on the oxidative damage of lead-exposed rat heart tissue. Lead exposure will increase ROS, NO, MDA, and other oxidizing substances and reduce the level of GSH, SOD, CAT, GPx, and other antioxidant factors, which will lead to cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac index increase, oxidative stress, Nrf2, and HO-1. The expression of stress-related proteins such as GRP78 and CHOP also increased, leading to cardiomyocyte apoptosis. After a folic acid intervention, these changes can be significantly reversed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Yali Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Fangyu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Lianjun Song
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Mingwu Qiao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Tianlin Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xianqing Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
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8
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Yousefipour K, Rahimi HR, Shakibaei M, Ranjbar M, Ameri A, Adeli-Sardou M. Preparation, Characterization, and Evaluation of Cellular Toxicity of Mg/Ca-Layered Double Hydroxide on Human Lung Carcinoma (A549) Cell Lines. BIONANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-022-00959-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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9
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Magri VR, Rocha MA, de Matos CS, Petersen PAD, Leroux F, Petrilli HM, Constantino VRL. Folic acid and sodium folate salts: Thermal behavior and spectroscopic (IR, Raman, and solid-state 13C NMR) characterization. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 273:120981. [PMID: 35219274 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.120981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Folic acid (FA; vitamin B9) and its associated sodium salts, strongly relevant for many scientific and technological applications - from nutrition to pharmacology and nanomedicine, suffer from a lack of characterization combining experimental and theoretical. In this work, a spectroscopic investigation of FA and its synthesized sodium salts in the form of dianion (Na2HFol) or trianion (Na3Fol) was scrutinized in their solid state. The spectroscopic (infrared, Raman, and solid state 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance) data interpretation was supported by theoretical calculations using the Density Functional Theory (DFT). Additionally, the compounds were characterized by UV-VIS diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy, combined thermal analysis (TG/DTG-DSC) coupled to mass spectrometry, and X-ray diffractometry. The main signatures of each species were identified, as well as the influence of the protonation level on their physicochemical properties. These distinct properties for the three compounds are mainly based on signals assigned to glutamic acid (glutamate) and pterin (neutral or anionic) moieties. This work should help developing new products based on FA or its anionic forms, such as theragnostic/drug delivery systems, supramolecular structures, nanocarbons, or metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vagner R Magri
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, CEP 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Michele A Rocha
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, CEP 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Caroline S de Matos
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, CEP 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Philippe A D Petersen
- Departamento de Física de Materiais e Mecânica, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 1371, CEP 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabrice Leroux
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; CNRS, UMR 6296, ICCF, F-63178 Aubiere, France
| | - Helena M Petrilli
- Departamento de Física de Materiais e Mecânica, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 1371, CEP 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vera R L Constantino
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, CEP 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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10
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Li N, Zhao Y, Shen Y, Cheng Y, Qiao M, Song L, Huang X. Protective effects of folic acid on oxidative damage of rat spleen induced by lead acetate. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 211:111917. [PMID: 33497860 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal environmental pollutant that can cause functional damage and anemia of immune organs. More and more evidence indicate that the toxicity of lead was related to apoptosis driven by oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress. This article mainly discusses the protective effect and mechanism of folic acid intervention on lead-induced spleen injury and apoptosis. In this study, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, lead exposure group (0.2% lead acetate), folic acid + lead group (0.4 mg/kg folic acid and 0.2% lead acetate), and folic acid group (0.4 mg/kg folic acid). By recording and calculating the rat's initial body weight, final body weight, net weight gain, daily weight gain, and spleen index, observe the rat's weight change and spleen weight. And adopt the immunofluorescence staining method to determine the expression level of NrF2, HO-1, GRP78, CHOP protein in the spleen. The results showed that The 0.4 mg/kg folic acid diet did not significantly improve in the body weight and spleen index of lead-exposed rats (P > 0.05). While compared with the control group, the expression levels of HO-1 and CHOP protein were significantly increased in the lead exposure group (P < 0.05), and the expression levels of HO-1 and CHOP protein were significantly reduced in the folic acid intervention group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, lead exposure increased the expression levels of HO-1 and CHOP in the spleen of rats, and caused damage to the spleen. Folic acid down-regulated the expression levels of HO-1 and CHOP proteins through the two pathways of NrF2/HO-1 and GRP78/CHOP, thereby exerting a certain protective effect and alleviating the spleen caused by lead-induced oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agriculture University, 450002, China.
| | - Yali Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agriculture University, 450002, China
| | - Yue Shen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agriculture University, 450002, China
| | - Yongxia Cheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agriculture University, 450002, China
| | - Mingwu Qiao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agriculture University, 450002, China
| | - Lianjun Song
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agriculture University, 450002, China
| | - Xianqing Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agriculture University, 450002, China.
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11
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Szerlauth A, Muráth S, Szilagyi I. Layered double hydroxide-based antioxidant dispersions with high colloidal and functional stability. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:10518-10527. [PMID: 33073831 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01531h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Highly stable antioxidant dispersions were designed on the basis of ring-opened ellagic acid (EA) intercalated into MgAl-layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoparticles. The morphology of the composite was delicately modified with ethanolic washing to obtain EtOH-EA-LDH with a high specific surface area. The colloidal stability was optimized by surface functionalization with positively charged polyelectrolytes. Polyethyleneimine (PEI), protamine sulfate (PS) and poly(acrylamide-co-diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) (PAAm-co-DADMAC) was adsorbed onto the surface of the oppositely charged EtOH-EA-LDH leading to charge neutralization and overcharging at appropriate doses. Formation of adsorbed polyelectrolyte layers provided remarkable colloidal stability for the EtOH-EA-LDH. Modification with PEI and PAAm-co-DADMAC outstandingly improved the resistance of the particles against salt-induced aggregation with a critical coagulation concentration value above 1 M, while only limited stability was achieved by covering the nanoparticles with PS. The high antioxidant activity of EtOH-EA-LDH was greatly preserved upon polyelectrolyte coating, which was proved in the scavenging of radicals in the test reaction applied. Hence, an active antioxidant nanocomposite of high drug dose and remarkable colloidal stability was obtained to combat oxidative stress in systems of high electrolyte concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adél Szerlauth
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Biocolloids Research Group, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, 1 Rerrich Béla tér, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
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12
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Figueiredo MP, Borrego-Sánchez A, García-Villén F, Miele D, Rossi S, Sandri G, Viseras C, Constantino VRL. Polymer/Iron-Based Layered Double Hydroxides as Multifunctional Wound Dressings. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1130. [PMID: 33238477 PMCID: PMC7700130 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This work presents the development of multifunctional therapeutic membranes based on a high-performance block copolymer scaffold formed by polyether (PE) and polyamide (PA) units (known as PEBA) and layered double hydroxide (LDH) biomaterials, with the aim to study their uses as wound dressings. Two LDH layer compositions were employed containing Mg2+ or Zn2+, Fe3+ and Al3+ cations, intercalated with chloride anions, abbreviated as Mg-Cl or Zn-Cl, or intercalated with naproxenate (NAP) anions, abbreviated as Mg-NAP or Zn-NAP. Membranes were structurally and physically characterized, and the in vitro drug release kinetics and cytotoxicity assessed. PEBA-loading NaNAP salt particles were also prepared for comparison. Intercalated NAP anions improved LDH-polymer interaction, resulting in membranes with greater mechanical performance compared to the polymer only or to the membranes containing the Cl-LDHs. Drug release (in saline solution) was sustained for at least 8 h for all samples and release kinetics could be modulated: a slower, an intermediate and a faster NAP release were observed from membranes containing Zn-NAP, NaNAP and Mg-NAP particles, respectively. In general, cell viability was higher in the presence of Mg-LDH and the membranes presented improved performance in comparison with the powdered samples. PEBA containing Mg-NAP sample stood out among all membranes in all the evaluated aspects, thus being considered a great candidate for application as multifunctional therapeutic dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Pires Figueiredo
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo—USP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada—UGR, Campus of Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.B.-S.); (F.G.-V.)
- Andalusian Institute of Earth Sciences, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-University of Granada, Avenida de las Palmeras 4, Armilla, 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Borrego-Sánchez
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada—UGR, Campus of Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.B.-S.); (F.G.-V.)
- Andalusian Institute of Earth Sciences, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-University of Granada, Avenida de las Palmeras 4, Armilla, 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Fátima García-Villén
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada—UGR, Campus of Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.B.-S.); (F.G.-V.)
| | - Dalila Miele
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (D.M.); (S.R.); (G.S.)
| | - Silvia Rossi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (D.M.); (S.R.); (G.S.)
| | - Giuseppina Sandri
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (D.M.); (S.R.); (G.S.)
| | - César Viseras
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada—UGR, Campus of Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.B.-S.); (F.G.-V.)
- Andalusian Institute of Earth Sciences, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-University of Granada, Avenida de las Palmeras 4, Armilla, 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Vera Regina Leopoldo Constantino
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo—USP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
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Qin L, Lu T, Qin Y, He Y, Cui N, Du A, Sun J. In Vivo Effect of Resveratrol-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles to Relieve Physical Fatigue for Sports Nutrition Supplements. Molecules 2020; 25:E5302. [PMID: 33202918 PMCID: PMC7696174 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural flavonoid polyphenol compound extracted from the plants which shows various biological activities. However, the clinical application of RSV is limited by its poor aqueous solubility, rapid metabolism and poor bioavailability. In this study, resveratrol-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (RSV- SLNs) was design as a nano-antioxidant against the physical fatigue. The resultant RSV-SLNs were characterized by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), transmission electron micrographs (TEM), zeta potential, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Raman spectroscopy pattern. Furthermore, the in vivo anti-fatigue effect assays showed that RSV-SLNs prolonged the mice exhausted time and running distance. The biochemical parameters of blood related to fatigue suggested that RSV-SLNs have potential applications to improve the antioxidant defense of the mice after extensive exercise and confer anti-fatigue capability. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms of antioxidant by RSV-SLNs supplementation was investigated through the analysis of silent information regulator 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) protein expression, which demonstrated that it could downregulate the expression of SIRT1 and increase autophagy markers, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-II (LC3-II) and sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1/p62). These results reveal that the RSV-SLNs may have great potential used as a novel anti-fatigue sports nutritional supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Qin
- Sports and Health Research Center, Department of Physical Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (L.Q.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.H.); (N.C.)
| | - Tianfeng Lu
- Sports and Health Research Center, Department of Physical Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (L.Q.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.H.); (N.C.)
| | - Yao Qin
- Sports and Health Research Center, Department of Physical Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (L.Q.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.H.); (N.C.)
| | - Yiwei He
- Sports and Health Research Center, Department of Physical Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (L.Q.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.H.); (N.C.)
| | - Ningxin Cui
- Sports and Health Research Center, Department of Physical Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (L.Q.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.H.); (N.C.)
| | - Ai Du
- School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;
| | - Jingyu Sun
- Sports and Health Research Center, Department of Physical Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (L.Q.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.H.); (N.C.)
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14
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Yan L, Gonca S, Zhu G, Zhang W, Chen X. Layered double hydroxide nanostructures and nanocomposites for biomedical applications. J Mater Chem B 2020; 7:5583-5601. [PMID: 31508652 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01312a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanostructures and related nanocomposites have attracted significant interest in biomedical applications including cancer therapy, bioimaging and antibacterial treatment. These materials hold great advantages including low cost and facile preparation, convenient drug loading, high drug incorporation capacity, good biocompatibility, efficient intracellular uptake and endosome/lysosome escape, and natural biodegradability in an acidic environment. In this review, we summarize the development of three types of LDH nanostructures including pristine LDH, surface modified LDH, and LDH nanocomposites for a range of biomedical applications. The advantages and disadvantages of LDH nanostructures and insights into the future development are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yan
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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15
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Antifatigue Activity of Glycoprotein from Schisandra chinensis Functions by Reducing Oxidative Stress. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:4231340. [PMID: 32802125 PMCID: PMC7411490 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4231340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The glycoprotein from Schisandra chinensis was obtained with alkali extraction and acid precipitation, purified with DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow and Superdex G-75 column. The molecular composition structure and antifatigue activities of glycoprotein were studied. SCGP's molecular weight was approximately 10 KDa, and it consisted of a carbohydrate component (52.94%) and protein component (47.06%). SCGP comprised mannose, galactoside, rhamnose, glucose, galactose, xylose, arabinose, and fucose, its molar ratio was 2.14 : 1.43 : 1.59 : 8.17 : 8.99 : 3.18 : 18.51 : 1, and it contained 16 kinds of amino acids. SCGP could obviously extend the swimming time in mice by increasing LDH, SOD level, GSH-Px activity, and liver glycogen and decreasing the contents of BUN and MDA. The antioxidant activity of SCGP is a potential mechanism of its antifatigue effect. In vitro antioxidant test showed that SCGP scavenged DPPH and OH radicals in a dose-dependent manner (IC50 was 0.91 mg/ml and 0.72 mg/ml).
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16
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Resveratrol-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticle Supplementation Ameliorates Physical Fatigue by Improving Mitochondrial Quality Control. CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9110559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV) has various pharmacological effects; however, few studies have directly addressed the possible antifatigue effects of long-term endurance exercise. The clinical use of RSV is limited by its poor water solubility and extremely short plasma half-life. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are considered as reasonable drug delivery systems to overcome some of these drawbacks and expand its applications. In this study, RSV-SLNs were successfully prepared through emulsification and low-temperature solidification. Results showed that RSV-SLN supplementation effectively enhanced endurance performance. RSV-SLN supplementation might enhance mitochondrial function by ameliorating mitochondrial quality control (QC), which was superior to RSV application. These results revealed an unexpected role of RSV-SLN compared with RSV in terms of linking nutrient deprivation to mitochondrial oxidant production through mitochondrial QC. A mitochondrion-mediated pathway was likely involved in RSV-SLN, thereby improving endurance performance. Overall, this study highlighted new possibilities for anti-physical-fatigue strategies.
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17
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Natural medicines for the treatment of fatigue: Bioactive components, pharmacology, and mechanisms. Pharmacol Res 2019; 148:104409. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Polonini HC, Ferreira AO, Brandão MAF, Raposo NRB. Topical monomethylsilanetriol can deliver silicon to the viable skin. Int J Cosmet Sci 2019; 41:405-409. [PMID: 31230363 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Organic silicon has been linked to positive effects on the skin rejuvenation, mainly by the oral route. Thus, the main objective of the present study was to assess whether monomethylsilanetriol (MMST, a source of organic silicon) can deliver silicon to the epidermis and dermis, when applied topically in a cream. Once the hypothesis was confirmed, the present study also evaluated whether the product was toxic to keratinocytes; additionally, its possible antioxidant activity was assessed. METHODS The ex vivo skin permeation profile was determined using human skin in Franz-cells equipment; cytotoxicity was assessed using HaCaT keratinocytes. Antioxidant capacity was determined as scavenging activity, measured according to the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil free radical method. RESULTS The permeation percentage was almost 60% of the applied MMST, with a large quantity of drug found in the viable epidermis and dermis. The cell viability assay showed no significant difference in the percentage of viable keratinocytes among the treated groups at the doses used. In terms of antioxidant activity, the IC50 value obtained was 2400 μg mL-1 . Low antioxidant activity, negligible toxicity for keratinocytes and a significant percentage of permeation were observed. CONCLUSION We provide evidence that MMST applied topically can deliver silicon to the skin in biorelevant levels for cosmetic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Polonini
- BF-Fox Technologies, 36120-000, Matias Barbosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Ortofarma Laboratory, 36120-000, Matias Barbosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e da Saúde de Juiz de Fora (Suprema), 36033-003, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A O Ferreira
- BF-Fox Technologies, 36120-000, Matias Barbosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Ortofarma Laboratory, 36120-000, Matias Barbosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Núcleo de Pesquisa e Inovação em Ciências da Saúde (NUPICS), Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M A F Brandão
- BF-Fox Technologies, 36120-000, Matias Barbosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Núcleo de Pesquisa e Inovação em Ciências da Saúde (NUPICS), Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - N R B Raposo
- BF-Fox Technologies, 36120-000, Matias Barbosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Núcleo de Pesquisa e Inovação em Ciências da Saúde (NUPICS), Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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19
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Jiao Z, Wang X, Han S, Zha X, Xia J. Preparation of vitamin C liposomes by rapid expansion of supercritical solution process: Experiments and optimization. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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20
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Jiao Z, Wang X, Yin Y, Xia J, Mei Y. Preparation and evaluation of a chitosan-coated antioxidant liposome containing vitamin C and folic acid. J Microencapsul 2018; 35:272-280. [DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2018.1467509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Jiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Center for Nanobiotechnology, Joint Research Institute of Southeast University and Monash University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiudong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuting Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University Chengxian College, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingxin Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University Chengxian College, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanan Mei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University Chengxian College, Nanjing, China
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21
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Soldati PP, Polonini HC, Paes CQ, Restrepob JA, Creczynksi-Pasa TB, Chaves MG, Brandão MA, Pittella F, Raposo NR. Controlled release of resveratrol from lipid nanoparticles improves antioxidant effect. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.11.600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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22
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Zamanian M, Hajizadeh MR, Esmaeili Nadimi A, Shamsizadeh A, Allahtavakoli M. Antifatigue effects of troxerutin on exercise endurance capacity, oxidative stress and matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels in trained male rats. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2017; 31:447-455. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zamanian
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center; Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences; Rafsanjan Iran
| | - Mohammad R. Hajizadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry; School of Medicine; Rafsanjani University of Medical Sciences; 7719617996 Rafsanjan Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center; Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences; 7719617996 Rafsanjan Iran
| | - Ali Esmaeili Nadimi
- Department of Cardiology; School of Medicine; Rafsanjani University of Medical Sciences; 7719617996 Rafsanjan Iran
| | - Ali Shamsizadeh
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center; Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences; Rafsanjan Iran
| | - Mohammad Allahtavakoli
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center; Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences; Rafsanjan Iran
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23
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Allou NB, Saikia P, Borah A, Goswamee RL. Hybrid nanocomposites of layered double hydroxides: an update of their biological applications and future prospects. Colloid Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-017-4047-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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24
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Zamanian M, Shamsizadeh A, Esmaeili Nadimi A, Hajizadeh M, Allahtavakoli F, Rahmani M, Kaeidi A, Safari Khalegh H, Allahtavakoli M. Short-term effects of troxerutin (vitamin P4) on muscle fatigue and gene expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in the hepatic tissue of rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:708-713. [PMID: 28187266 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, the effects of troxerutin (TRX) on muscle fatigue and gene expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in the hepatic tissue of rats was investigated. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups and designated as control and TRX treatment at 75 (TRX75), 150 (TRX150), and 300 mg/kg per day (TRX300). The treated groups and control group received TRX and water orally for 7 days. After an exhaustive swimming test on the 7th day, all animals were euthanized immediately and several biochemical parameters related to fatigue and gene expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in the hepatic tissue were measured. Our results showed that the exhaustion swimming time in the TRX300 groups significantly increased 1.2-fold compared with the control group (P < 0.001). TRX300 significantly reduced ALT (P < 0.05) activity and increased liver SOD activity compared with the control group (P < 0.01). Additionally, TRX significantly reduced the liver mRNA expressions of Bax (P < 0.001) and increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio (P < 0.001) compared with the control group. Based on our data, TRX possesses anti-apoptotic and hepatoprotective action following exhaustive swimming exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zamanian
- a Physiology-Pharmacology Research Centre and Department of Physiology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Shamsizadeh
- a Physiology-Pharmacology Research Centre and Department of Physiology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Esmaeili Nadimi
- b Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Hajizadeh
- c Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | | | - Mohammadreza Rahmani
- a Physiology-Pharmacology Research Centre and Department of Physiology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ayat Kaeidi
- a Physiology-Pharmacology Research Centre and Department of Physiology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Safari Khalegh
- a Physiology-Pharmacology Research Centre and Department of Physiology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Allahtavakoli
- a Physiology-Pharmacology Research Centre and Department of Physiology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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25
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Rommer PS, Fuchs D, Leblhuber F, Schroth R, Greilberger M, Tafeit E, Greilberger J. Lowered Levels of Carbonyl Proteins after Vitamin B Supplementation in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease. NEURODEGENER DIS 2015; 16:284-9. [PMID: 26587902 DOI: 10.1159/000441565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The critical role of neuro-inflammation and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) has become evident. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to assess the influence of vitamin supplementation on parameters of oxidative stress, inflammation as well as on cognition in patients with AD and mild cognitive impairment. METHODS In our study, patients with cognitive impairment and healthy controls were enrolled. All patients were intended to receive vitamin supplementation (vitamin B1, B6, B12 and folic acid) for 3 months. Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and laboratory markers [carbonyl proteins (CPs), malondialdehyde, tryptophan (Trp), kynurenine (Kyn), neopterin, folic acid, vitamin B12 level] were assessed for patients and controls at baseline and after 3 months. After half of the patients had been treated for 3 months, analyses were performed resulting in 3 subgroups: healthy controls without supplementation (15 subjects, 11 females), patients with vitamin supplementation (17 subjects, 10 females) and patients without vitamin supplementation (16 subjects, 9 females; baseline values prior to supplementation). RESULTS Age was significantly higher for the supplemented group (76.4 ± 6.7 years) compared to vitamin-naïve patients (63.3 ± 13.7 years; p < 0.01). The MMSE score was higher in the supplemented group (23.1 ± 4.8 vs. 20.3 ± 9.5) but did not reach significance. Levels of CPs were significantly higher in the vitamin-naïve patients (p < 0.05). Levels of Kyn and the Kyn/Trp ratio were significantly lower in vitamin-naïve patients compared to the supplemented group (p < 0.05). No significant difference was seen for the other markers. CONCLUSION Vitamin supplementation leads to reduced levels of CPs in patients. Pearson's correlation coefficient shows a negative relation (r = -0.69) between CPs and MMSE. Future trials should assess whether CPs might be suitable markers for monitoring of demented patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulus S Rommer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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26
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Kuo YM, Kuthati Y, Kankala RK, Wei PR, Weng CF, Liu CL, Sung PJ, Mou CY, Lee CH. Layered double hydroxide nanoparticles to enhance organ-specific targeting and the anti-proliferative effect of cisplatin. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:3447-3458. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01989j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The role of nanoparticle charge in biodistribution is evaluated by modifying the external surface of layered double hydroxides with various charges and a fluorescent dye (Cy5.5) is doped to assess the biodistribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Ming Kuo
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology
- National Dong Hwa University
- Hualien
- Taiwan
| | - Yaswanth Kuthati
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology
- National Dong Hwa University
- Hualien
- Taiwan
| | - Ranjith Kumar Kankala
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology
- National Dong Hwa University
- Hualien
- Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ru Wei
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology
- National Dong Hwa University
- Hualien
- Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Weng
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology
- National Dong Hwa University
- Hualien
- Taiwan
| | - Chen-Lun Liu
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology
- National Dong Hwa University
- Hualien
- Taiwan
| | - Ping-Jyun Sung
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology
- National Dong Hwa University
- Hualien
- Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Marine Biotechnology
| | - Chung-Yuan Mou
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Lee
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology
- National Dong Hwa University
- Hualien
- Taiwan
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