1
|
Tu YP, Hanze E, Zhu F, Lagraauw HM, Sloss CM, Method M, Esteves B, Westin EH, Berkenblit A. Population pharmacokinetics of mirvetuximab soravtansine in patients with folate receptor-α positive ovarian cancer: The antibody-drug conjugate, payload and metabolite. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2024; 90:568-581. [PMID: 37872122 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Mirvetuximab soravtansine is a first-in-class antibody-drug conjugate recently approved for the treatment of folate receptor-α positive ovarian cancer. The aim of this study was to develop a population pharmacokinetic model to describe the concentration-time profiles of mirvetuximab soravtansine, the payload (DM4) and a metabolite (S-methyl-DM4). METHODS Mirvetuximab soravtansine was administered intravenously from 0.15 to 7 mg/kg to 543 patients with predominantly platinum-resistant ovarian cancer in 3 clinical studies, and the plasma drug concentrations were analysed using a nonlinear mixed-effects modelling approach. Stepwise covariate modelling was performed to identify covariates. RESULTS We developed a semi-mechanistic population pharmacokinetic model that included linear and nonlinear routes for the elimination of mirvetuximab soravtansine and a target compartment for the formation and disposition of the payload and metabolite in tumour cells. The clearance and volume of the central compartment were 0.0153 L/h and 2.63 L for mirvetuximab soravtansine, 8.83 L/h and 3.67 L for DM4, and 2.04 L/h and 6.3 L for S-methyl-DM4, respectively. Body weight, serum albumin and age were identified as statistically significant covariates. Exposures in patients with renal or hepatic impairment and who used concomitant cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 inhibitors were estimated. CONCLUSION There is no need for dose adjustment due to covariate effects for mirvetuximab soravtansine administered at the recommended dose of 6 mg/kg based on adjusted ideal body weight. Dose adjustment is not required for patients with mild or moderate renal impairment, mild hepatic impairment, or when concomitant weak and moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors are used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ping Tu
- Clinical Pharmacology, ImmunoGen, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Fengying Zhu
- Bioanalysis, ImmunoGen, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Callum M Sloss
- Translational Science, ImmunoGen, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael Method
- Clinical Development, ImmunoGen, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brooke Esteves
- Clinical Development, ImmunoGen, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric H Westin
- Clinical Development, ImmunoGen, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anna Berkenblit
- Clinical Development, ImmunoGen, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
McCabe A, Zaheed O, McDade SS, Dean K. Investigating the suitability of in vitro cell lines as models for the major subtypes of epithelial ovarian cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1104514. [PMID: 36861035 PMCID: PMC9969113 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1104514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most fatal gynaecological malignancy, accounting for over 200,000 deaths worldwide per year. EOC is a highly heterogeneous disease, classified into five major histological subtypes-high-grade serous (HGSOC), clear cell (CCOC), endometrioid (ENOC), mucinous (MOC) and low-grade serous (LGSOC) ovarian carcinomas. Classification of EOCs is clinically beneficial, as the various subtypes respond differently to chemotherapy and have distinct prognoses. Cell lines are often used as in vitro models for cancer, allowing researchers to explore pathophysiology in a relatively cheap and easy to manipulate system. However, most studies that make use of EOC cell lines fail to recognize the importance of subtype. Furthermore, the similarity of cell lines to their cognate primary tumors is often ignored. Identification of cell lines with high molecular similarity to primary tumors is needed in order to better guide pre-clinical EOC research and to improve development of targeted therapeutics and diagnostics for each distinctive subtype. This study aims to generate a reference dataset of cell lines representative of the major EOC subtypes. We found that non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) optimally clustered fifty-six cell lines into five groups, putatively corresponding to each of the five EOC subtypes. These clusters validated previous histological groupings, while also classifying other previously unannotated cell lines. We analysed the mutational and copy number landscapes of these lines to investigate whether they harboured the characteristic genomic alterations of each subtype. Finally we compared the gene expression profiles of cell lines with 93 primary tumor samples stratified by subtype, to identify lines with the highest molecular similarity to HGSOC, CCOC, ENOC, and MOC. In summary, we examined the molecular features of both EOC cell lines and primary tumors of multiple subtypes. We recommend a reference set of cell lines most suited to represent four different subtypes of EOC for both in silico and in vitro studies. We also identify lines displaying poor overall molecular similarity to EOC tumors, which we argue should be avoided in pre-clinical studies. Ultimately, our work emphasizes the importance of choosing suitable cell line models to maximise clinical relevance of experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aideen McCabe
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- The SFI Centre for Research Training in Genomics Data Science, Galway, Ireland
| | - Oza Zaheed
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- The SFI Centre for Research Training in Genomics Data Science, Galway, Ireland
| | - Simon Samuel McDade
- The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Kellie Dean
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tarfeen N, Nisa KU, Ali S, Yatoo AM, Shah AM, Sabba A, Maqbool R, Ahmad MB. Utility of proteomics and phosphoproteomics in the tailored medication of cancer. Proteomics 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-95072-5.00006-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
|
4
|
Xu T, Liu Z, Huang L, Jing J, Liu X. Modulating the tumor immune microenvironment with nanoparticles: A sword for improving the efficiency of ovarian cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1057850. [PMID: 36532066 PMCID: PMC9751906 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1057850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
With encouraging antitumor effects, immunotherapy represented by immune checkpoint blockade has developed into a mainstream cancer therapeutic modality. However, only a minority of ovarian cancer (OC) patients could benefit from immunotherapy. The main reason is that most OC harbor a suppressive tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Emerging studies suggest that M2 tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), T regulatory cells (Tregs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are enriched in OC. Thus, reversing the suppressive TIME is considered an ideal candidate for improving the efficiency of immunotherapy. Nanoparticles encapsulating immunoregulatory agents can regulate immunocytes and improve the TIME to boost the antitumor immune response. In addition, some nanoparticle-mediated photodynamic and photothermal therapy can directly kill tumor cells and induce tumor immunogenic cell death to activate antigen-presenting cells and promote T cell infiltration. These advantages make nanoparticles promising candidates for modulating the TIME and improving OC immunotherapy. In this review, we analyzed the composition and function of the TIME in OC and summarized the current clinical progress of OC immunotherapy. Then, we expounded on the promising advances in nanomaterial-mediated immunotherapy for modulating the TIME in OC. Finally, we discussed the obstacles and challenges in the clinical translation of this novel combination treatment regimen. We believe this resourceful strategy will open the door to effective immunotherapy of OC and benefit numerous patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jing Jing
- *Correspondence: Xiaowei Liu, ; Jing Jing,
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
El-Saudi AM, Altouhamy MA, Shaaban S, Badria FA, Youssef MM, El-Senduny FF. Down regulation of fatty acid synthase via inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR in ovarian cancer cell line by novel organoselenium pseudopeptide. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 3:100134. [PMID: 36568265 PMCID: PMC9780069 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2022.100134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the 7th most common cancer in women world-wide and the 3rd most common female cancer. For the treatment of OC, there is no successful therapeutic. The medications that are currently available have significant side effects and a low therapeutic index. This work aimed to evaluate the anticancer activity of organoselenium pseudopeptide compound against OC cell lines. After treatment with 50 μM of compound 4 (CPD 4), the viability was determined. The anticancer activity was further investigated by different methods including cell cycle and apoptosis analysis, colony formation assay, zymography, comet assay and Western blot. In comparison to a positive control, compound 4 showed cytotoxicity toward A2780CP cells rather than A2780 and SKOV-3 cells. Compound 4 was more selective to OC cells rather than HSF cells. Moreover, Compound 4 was able to inhibit cell migration and proliferation. The anticancer effect of compound 4 was found to be partially via cell cycle arrest, overexpression of p27 cell cycle inhibitor and induction of apoptosis through DNA fragmentation and activated production of ROS. Compound 4 had a differential effect on the modulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in the OC treated cell lines, also inhibited lipogenesis process via downregulation of FASN expression. Conclusion: This work highlights the unique role of Compound 4 against OC via modulation of oxidative stress, inhibition of survival PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Compound 4 was found to be a promising alternative therapy for the treatment of OC in this investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M. El-Saudi
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Miram A. Altouhamy
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Faculty of Medicine, New Mansoura University, New Mansoura City, Egypt
| | - Saad Shaaban
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 380, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Organic Chemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Farid A. Badria
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Magdy M. Youssef
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Fardous F. El-Senduny
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rehman U, Parveen N, Sheikh A, Abourehab MAS, Sahebkar A, Kesharwani P. Polymeric nanoparticles-siRNA as an emerging nano-polyplexes against ovarian cancer. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 218:112766. [PMID: 35994990 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is considered fifth-deadliest cancer globally responsible for high mortality in women. As the conventional therapeutic and diagnostic approaches are ineffective in increasing the survival rates of advanced staged patients by more than 5 years, OC has resulted in high morbidity and mortality rates over the last two decades. As a result, there is a dire need for innovative treatment approaches to address the issues. RNAi and nanotechnology can be considered the most appropriate strategies that can be used to improve OC therapy and help circumvent the chemo-resistance. siRNA is considered highly successful in facilitating the knockdown of specific genes on entering the cytosol when administered in-vivo via inhibiting the mRNA expression responsible for translation of those specific genes through the mechanism called RNA interference (RNAi). However, the primary barrier of utmost importance in the clinical efficacy of employed siRNA for the treatment of OC is the systemic distribution to the targeted site from the administration site. As a result, nanoparticles are constructed to carry the siRNA molecules inside them to the targeted site by preventing serum degradation and enhancing the serum stability of administered siRNA. The present review assesses the developments made in the polymeric-based nanoparticle siRNA delivery for targeting particular genes involved in the prognosis of ovarian cancers and surpassing the chemo-resistance and thus improving the therapeutic potentials of administered agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Urushi Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Neha Parveen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Afsana Sheikh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bhat AH, Dar KB, Khan A, Alshahrani S, Alshehri SM, Ghoneim MM, Alam P, Shakeel F. Tricyclodecan-9-yl-Xanthogenate (D609): Mechanism of Action and Pharmacological Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3305. [PMID: 35328726 PMCID: PMC8954530 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Tricyclodecan-9-yl xanthogenate (D609) is a synthetic tricyclic compound possessing a xanthate group. This xanthogenate compound is known for its diverse pharmacological properties. Over the last three decades, many studies have reported the biological activities of D609, including antioxidant, antiapoptotic, anticholinergic, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-proliferative, and neuroprotective activities. Its mechanism of action is extensively attributed to its ability to cause the competitive inhibition of phosphatidylcholine (PC)-specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC) and sphingomyelin synthase (SMS). The inhibition of PCPLC or SMS affects secondary messengers with a lipidic nature, i.e., 1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG) and ceramide. Various in vitro/in vivo studies suggest that PCPLC and SMS inhibition regulate the cell cycle, block cellular proliferation, and induce differentiation. D609 acts as a pro-inflammatory cytokine antagonist and diminishes Aβ-stimulated toxicity. PCPLC enzymatic activity essentially requires Zn2+, and D609 might act as a potential chelator of Zn2+, thereby blocking PCPLC enzymatic activity. D609 also demonstrates promising results in reducing atherosclerotic plaque formation, post-stroke cerebral infarction, and cancer progression. The present compilation provides a comprehensive mechanistic insight into D609, including its chemistry, mechanism of action, and regulation of various pharmacological activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aashiq Hussain Bhat
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India; (A.H.B.); (K.B.D.)
| | - Khalid Bashir Dar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India; (A.H.B.); (K.B.D.)
| | - Andleeb Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sultan M. Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.A.); (F.S.)
| | - Mohammed M. Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Prawez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Faiyaz Shakeel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.A.); (F.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
CTCFL regulates the PI3K-Akt pathway and it is a target for personalized ovarian cancer therapy. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2022; 8:5. [PMID: 35132075 PMCID: PMC8821627 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-022-00214-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy due to the lack of reliable biomarkers, effective treatment, and chemoresistance. Improving the diagnosis and the development of targeted therapies is still needed. The molecular pathomechanisms driving HGSC progression are not fully understood though crucial for effective diagnosis and identification of novel targeted therapy options. The oncogene CTCFL (BORIS), the paralog of CTCF, is a transcriptional factor highly expressed in ovarian cancer (but in rarely any other tissue in females) with cancer-specific characteristics and therapeutic potential. In this work, we seek to understand the regulatory functions of CTCFL to unravel new target genes with clinical relevance. We used in vitro models to evaluate the transcriptional changes due to the presence of CTCFL, followed by a selection of gene candidates using de novo network enrichment analysis. The resulting mechanistic candidates were further assessed regarding their prognostic potential and druggability. We show that CTCFL-driven genes are involved in cytoplasmic membrane functions; in particular, the PI3K-Akt initiators EGFR1 and VEGFA, as well as ITGB3 and ITGB6 are potential drug targets. Finally, we identified the CTCFL targets ACTBL2, MALT1 and PCDH7 as mechanistic biomarkers to predict survival in HGSC. Finally, we elucidated the value of CTCFL in combination with its targets as a prognostic marker profile for HGSC progression and as putative drug targets.
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang Z, Meng F, Zhong Z. Emerging targeted drug delivery strategies toward ovarian cancer. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 178:113969. [PMID: 34509574 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a high-mortality malignancy in women. The contemporary clinical chemotherapy with classic cytotoxic drugs, targeted molecular inhibitors would mostly fail when ovarian cancer cells become drug-resistant or metastasize through the body or when patients bare no more toleration because of strong adverse effects. The past decade has spotted varying targeted delivery systems including antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), peptide/folate/aptamer-drug conjugates, polymer-drug conjugates, ligand-functionalized nanomedicines, and dual-targeted nanomedicines that upgrade ovarian cancer chemo- and molecular therapy effectively in preclinical/clinical settings via endowing therapeutic agents selectivity and bypassing drug resistance as well as lessening systemic toxicity. The targeted delivery approaches further provide means to potentiate emergent treatment modalities such as molecular therapy, gene therapy, protein therapy, photodynamic therapy, dual-targeting therapy and combination therapy for ovarian cancer. This review highlights up-to-date development of targeted drug delivery strategies toward advanced, metastatic, relapsed, and drug resistant ovarian cancers.
Collapse
|
10
|
Regner MJ, Wisniewska K, Garcia-Recio S, Thennavan A, Mendez-Giraldez R, Malladi VS, Hawkins G, Parker JS, Perou CM, Bae-Jump VL, Franco HL. A multi-omic single-cell landscape of human gynecologic malignancies. Mol Cell 2021; 81:4924-4941.e10. [PMID: 34739872 PMCID: PMC8642316 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Deconvolution of regulatory mechanisms that drive transcriptional programs in cancer cells is key to understanding tumor biology. Herein, we present matched transcriptome (scRNA-seq) and chromatin accessibility (scATAC-seq) profiles at single-cell resolution from human ovarian and endometrial tumors processed immediately following surgical resection. This dataset reveals the complex cellular heterogeneity of these tumors and enabled us to quantitatively link variation in chromatin accessibility to gene expression. We show that malignant cells acquire previously unannotated regulatory elements to drive hallmark cancer pathways. Moreover, malignant cells from within the same patients show substantial variation in chromatin accessibility linked to transcriptional output, highlighting the importance of intratumoral heterogeneity. Finally, we infer the malignant cell type-specific activity of transcription factors. By defining the regulatory logic of cancer cells, this work reveals an important reliance on oncogenic regulatory elements and highlights the ability of matched scRNA-seq/scATAC-seq to uncover clinically relevant mechanisms of tumorigenesis in gynecologic cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Regner
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Graduate Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,These authors contributed equally
| | - Kamila Wisniewska
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,These authors contributed equally
| | - Susana Garcia-Recio
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Aatish Thennavan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,Oral and Craniofacial Biomedicine Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Raul Mendez-Giraldez
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Venkat S. Malladi
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Gabrielle Hawkins
- Division of Gynecology Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Joel S. Parker
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Charles M. Perou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Victoria L. Bae-Jump
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,Division of Gynecology Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Hector L. Franco
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Graduate Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA,Lead contact.,Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Folate-Targeted Monodisperse PEG-Based Conjugates Made by Chemo-Enzymatic Methods for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910347. [PMID: 34638688 PMCID: PMC8509027 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper focuses on preliminary in vitro and in vivo testing of new bivalent folate-targeted PEGylated doxorubicin (DOX) made by modular chemo-enzymatic processes (FA2-dPEG-DOX2). A unique feature is the use of monodisperse PEG (dPEG). The modular approach with enzyme catalysis ensures exclusive γ-conjugation of folic acid, full conversion and selectivity, and no metal catalyst residues. Flow cytometry analysis showed that at 10 µM concentration, both free DOX and FA2-dPEG-DOX2 would be taken up by 99.9% of triple-negative breast cancer cells in 2 h. Intratumoral injection to mice seemed to delay tumor growth more than intravenous delivery. The mouse health status, food, water consumption, and behavior remained unchanged during the observation.
Collapse
|
12
|
Horst EN, Bregenzer ME, Mehta P, Snyder CS, Repetto T, Yang-Hartwich Y, Mehta G. Personalized models of heterogeneous 3D epithelial tumor microenvironments: Ovarian cancer as a model. Acta Biomater 2021; 132:401-420. [PMID: 33940195 PMCID: PMC8969826 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intractable human diseases such as cancers, are context dependent, unique to both the individual patient and to the specific tumor microenvironment. However, conventional cancer treatments are often nonspecific, targeting global similarities rather than unique drivers. This limits treatment efficacy across heterogeneous patient populations and even at different tumor locations within the same patient. Ultimately, this poor efficacy can lead to adverse clinical outcomes and the development of treatment-resistant relapse. To prevent this and improve outcomes, it is necessary to be selective when choosing a patient's optimal adjuvant treatment. In this review, we posit the use of personalized, tumor-specific models (TSM) as tools to achieve this remarkable feat. First, using ovarian cancer as a model disease, we outline the heterogeneity and complexity of both the cellular and extracellular components in the tumor microenvironment. Then we examine the advantages and disadvantages of contemporary cancer models and the rationale for personalized TSM. We discuss how to generate precision 3D models through careful and detailed analysis of patient biopsies. Finally, we provide clinically relevant applications of these versatile personalized cancer models to highlight their potential impact. These models are ideal for a myriad of fundamental cancer biology and translational studies. Importantly, these approaches can be extended to other carcinomas, facilitating the discovery of new therapeutics that more effectively target the unique aspects of each individual patient's TME. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this article, we have presented the case for the application of biomaterials in developing personalized models of complex diseases such as cancers. TSM could bring about breakthroughs in the promise of precision medicine. The critical components of the diverse tumor microenvironments, that lead to treatment failures, include cellular- and extracellular matrix- heterogeneity, and biophysical signals to the cells. Therefore, we have described these dynamic components of the tumor microenvironments, and have highlighted how contemporary biomaterials can be utilized to create personalized in vitro models of cancers. We have also described the application of the TSM to predict the dynamic patterns of disease progression, and predict effective therapies that can produce durable responses, limit relapses, and treat any minimal residual disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric N Horst
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Michael E Bregenzer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Pooja Mehta
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Catherine S Snyder
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Taylor Repetto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Yang Yang-Hartwich
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, United States
| | - Geeta Mehta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Precision Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Geethadevi A, Nair A, Parashar D, Ku Z, Xiong W, Deng H, Li Y, George J, McAllister DM, Sun Y, Kadamberi IP, Gupta P, Dwinell MB, Bradley WH, Rader JS, Rui H, Schwabe RF, Zhang N, Pradeep S, An Z, Chaluvally-Raghavan P. Oncostatin M Receptor-targeted antibodies suppress STAT3 signaling and inhibit ovarian cancer growth. Cancer Res 2021; 81:5336-5352. [PMID: 34380633 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-0483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
While patients with advanced ovarian cancer may respond initially to treatment, disease relapse is common and nearly 50% of patients do not survive beyond five years, indicating an urgent need for improved therapies. To identify new therapeutic targets, we performed single cell and nuclear RNA-seq dataset analyses on 17 human ovarian cancer specimens, revealing the oncostatin M receptor (OSMR) as highly expressed in ovarian cancer cells. Conversely, oncostatin M (OSM), the ligand of OSMR, was highly expressed by tumor-associated macrophages and promoted proliferation and metastasis in cancer cells. Ovarian cancer cell lines and additional patient samples also exhibited elevated levels of OSMR when compared to other cell types in the tumor microenvironment or to normal ovarian tissue samples. OSMR was found to be important for ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration. Binding of OSM to OSMR caused OSMR-IL6ST dimerization, which is required to produce oncogenic signaling cues for prolonged STAT3 activation. Human monoclonal antibody clones B14 and B21 directed to the extracellular domain of OSMR abrogated OSM-induced OSMR-IL6ST heterodimerization, promoted the internalization and degradation of OSMR, and effectively blocked OSMR-mediated signaling in vitro. Importantly, these antibody clones inhibited the growth of ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo by suppressing oncogenic signaling through OSMR and STAT3 activation. Collectively, this study provides a proof of principle that anti-OSMR antibody can mediate disruption of OSM-induced OSMR-IL6ST dimerization and oncogenic signaling, thus documenting the pre-clinical therapeutic efficacy of human OSMR antagonist antibodies for immunotherapy in ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Geethadevi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin
| | - Ajay Nair
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University
| | - Deepak Parashar
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin
| | | | - Wei Xiong
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Hui Deng
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Yongsheng Li
- College of Biomedical Informatics and Engineering, Hainan Medical University
| | - Jasmine George
- Department of Obstetrics any Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin
| | | | - Yunguang Sun
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin
| | | | - Prachi Gupta
- Department of Obstetrics any Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin
| | | | - William H Bradley
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin
| | - Janet S Rader
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin
| | - Hallgeir Rui
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin
| | | | - Ningyan Zhang
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Sunila Pradeep
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin
| | - Zhiqiang An
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Coward JI, Barve MA, Kichenadasse G, Moore KN, Harnett PR, Berg D, Garner JS, Dizon DS. Maximum Tolerated Dose and Anti-Tumor Activity of Intraperitoneal Cantrixil (TRX-E-002-1) in Patients with Persistent or Recurrent Ovarian Cancer, Fallopian Tube Cancer, or Primary Peritoneal Cancer: Phase I Study Results. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3196. [PMID: 34206826 PMCID: PMC8268018 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Survival outcomes in ovarian cancer are poor. The aims of this Phase I progressive design study (NCT02903771) were to evaluate the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), tolerability, and antitumor activity of Cantrixil-a novel third-generation benzopyran molecule-in patients (n = 25) with advanced, recurrent/persistent epithelial ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer. All had completed ≥ 2 prior regimens; 3 (12%) had platinum-refractory disease, and 17 (68%) had platinum-resistant disease. Following intraperitoneal (IP) port placement, patients received weekly IP Cantrixil in 3-week cycles as monotherapy (Cycles 1-2), and then in combination with intravenous (IV) chemotherapy (Cycles 3-8). Part A (dose escalation) enrolled 11 patients in 6 dose-level cohorts. An MTD of 5 mg/kg was established with dose-limiting toxicity of ileus. Most treatment-related adverse events were gastrointestinal. Across Parts A and B (dose expansion), 16 (64%) patients received ≥ 1 3-week Cantrixil cycle, and had ≥ 1 post-baseline efficacy measurement available. The results show promising anti-tumor activity in monotherapy (stable disease rate of 56%) and in combination with IV chemotherapy (objective response rate of 19%, disease control rate of 56%, and median progression-free survival of 13.1 weeks). The molecular target and mechanism of action of Cantrixil are yet to be confirmed. Preliminary analysis of stem cell markers suggests that IP Cantrixil might induce ovarian cancer stem cell death and sensitize cells to standard chemotherapy, warranting further evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jermaine I. Coward
- ICON Cancer Centre, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Minal A. Barve
- Mary Crowley Cancer Research Center, Dallas, TX 75251, USA;
| | | | - Kathleen N. Moore
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
| | - Paul R. Harnett
- Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia;
| | - Daniel Berg
- Formerly of Kazia Therapeutics Ltd., Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
| | | | - Don S. Dizon
- Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, RI 02913, USA;
- The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
BECN1 and BRCA1 Deficiency Sensitizes Ovarian Cancer to Platinum Therapy and Confers Better Prognosis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020207. [PMID: 33670664 PMCID: PMC7922320 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: BRCA1, BECN1 and TP53 are three tumor suppressor genes located on chromosome 17 and frequently found deleted, silenced, or mutated in many cancers. These genes are involved in autophagy, apoptosis, and drug resistance in ovarian cancer. Haploinsufficiency or loss-of-function of either TP53, BRCA1 or BECN1 correlates with enhanced predisposition to cancer development and progression, and chemoresistance. Expectedly, the combined altered expression of these three tumor suppressor genes worsens the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients. However, whether such a genotypic pattern indeed affects the chemo-responsiveness to standard chemotherapy thus worsening patients’ survival has not been validated in a large cohort of ovarian cancer patients. Aim: We interrogated datasets from the TCGA database to analyze how the expression of these three tumor suppressor genes impacts on the clinical response to platinum-based chemotherapy thus affecting the survival of ovarian cancer patients. Results and conclusion: Compared to EOC with homozygous expression of BECN1 and BRCA1, tumors expressing low mRNA expression of these two tumor suppressor genes (either because of shallow (monoallelic) co-deletion or of promoter hypermethylation), showed higher sensitivity to platinum-based therapies and were associated with a better prognosis of ovarian cancer-bearing patients. This outcome was independent of TP53 status, though it was statistically more significant in the cohort of patients with mutated TP53. Thus, sensitivity to platinum therapy (and probably to other chemotherapeutics) correlates with low expression of a combination of critical tumor suppressor genes. Our study highlights the importance of thoroughly assessing the genetic lesions of the most frequently mutated genes to stratify the patients in view of a personalized therapy. More importantly, the present findings suggest that targeting the function of both BECN1 and BRCA1 could be a strategy to restore chemosensitivity in refractory tumors.
Collapse
|
16
|
Hidayat YM, Munizar, Harsono AB, Winarno GNA, Hasanuddin, Salima S. Chemokine Ligand 5 to Predict Optimal Cytoreduction in Ovarian Cancer. Int J Gen Med 2020; 13:1201-1206. [PMID: 33244258 PMCID: PMC7685389 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s280858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The ultimate goal of cytoreduction surgery is the complete removal of all visible tumors (complete cytoreductive surgery) or tumor residues <1 cm (optimal cytoreduction surgery). Following cytoreduction surgery in ovarian cancer, tumor residue is one of the most important prognostic factors. Oncologists strive to be able to predict the outcome of cytoreduction surgery during the presurgical period. The purpose of this study was to assess CCL5 as a modality for determining whether a patient could perform optimal cytoreduction surgery or not. Materials and Methods This was an observational, analytic, and cross-sectional study of patients with ovarian cancer who underwent surgery at the Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung from 2019 to 2020. All of the patients had stage I–IV disease based on the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) score. Results In total, 72 patients were enrolled in this study, 31 of whom underwent suboptimal cytoreduction surgery and 41 underwent optimal cytoreduction surgery. The mean serum CCL5 level at suboptimal cytoreduction was 70,920.87 ± 36,362.966, while that at optimal cytoreduction was 43,244.95 ± 21,983.887. CCL5, as a predictor of suboptimal cytoreduction surgery, had a sensitivity of 61.3%, a specificity of 68.3%, and an accuracy of 65.7% (p = 0.012). Conclusion Preoperative CCL5 serum levels can predict suboptimal cytoreduction surgery outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yudi Mulyana Hidayat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Munizar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ali Budi Harsono
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | | | - Hasanuddin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Siti Salima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang XQ, Ding YW, Chen JJ, Xiao X, Zhang W, Zhou L, Kong QW, Shi MZ, Yang J, Jiang B, Guo C, Han YL. Xiaoaiping injection enhances paclitaxel efficacy in ovarian cancer via pregnane X receptor and its downstream molecules. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 261:113067. [PMID: 32505840 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Xiaoaiping injection, a traditional Chinese medical injection extracted from root of Marsdenia tenacissima (Roxb.) Moon, has been exclusively used on curing malignant tumor in China and as adjuvant therapeutic agent for chemotherapeutics, including paclitaxel. AIM OF THE STUDY The goal of this study was to investigate the synergistic inhibitory efficacy of Xiaoaiping injection and paclitaxel on ovarian cancer. The mechanism may be associated with nuclear receptor pregnane X receptor (PXR) regulating its downstream molecules. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro, MTT assay, flow cytometry and Hoechst dyeing were used to evaluate the SK-OV-3 cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle respectively. The mRNA and protein expression of PXR and its downstream CYP450 enzymes, transporters and Bcl-2 families were measured by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Rhodamine 123 efflux experiment was conducted to detect the P-gp efflux ability. PXR plasmid and PXR siRNA were transiently transfected into SK-OV-3 cells respectively to establish PXR-overexpressed or PXR-interfered cells. In vivo, xenograft tumor mice model was established by SK-OV-3 cells to estimate the antitumor effect of Xiaoaiping injection combined with paclitaxel. The expressions of PXR and its downstream molecules in tumor tissues were determined to further clarify the potential mechanism. RESULTS Xiaoaiping injection significantly enhanced the anti-proliferation, pro-apoptosis effect of paclitaxel on SK-OV-3 cells. The synergetic effect was displayed by Xiaoaiping injection inhibiting paclitaxel-induced PXR and CAR expression, which subsequently inhibited CYP450 enzymes CYP2C8 and CYP3A4, transporter P-gp and anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl in SK-OV-3 cells. In PXR-overexpressed cells, Xiaoaiping injection down-regulated the expression of PXR and its downstream molecules. The result of xenograft tumor model showed that Xiaoaiping injection combined with paclitaxel enhanced anti-tumor effect on ovarian cancer in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Xiaoaiping injection enhances anti-tumor effect of paclitaxel by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis process. The mechanism may be associated with Xiaoaiping injection inhibiting PXR and its downstream metabolic enzymes CYP2C8, CYP3A4, transporter P-gp and anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Qi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Ya-Wei Ding
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huan Hucheng Road, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jun-Jun Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China; Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, 222 Huan Hu Xi San Road, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, 222 Huan Hu Xi San Road, Shanghai, 201306, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai Lun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huan Hucheng Road, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Li Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huan Hucheng Road, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Qian-Wen Kong
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Mei-Zhi Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China; Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, 222 Huan Hu Xi San Road, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China; Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, 222 Huan Hu Xi San Road, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China; Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, 222 Huan Hu Xi San Road, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Yong-Long Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China; Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, 222 Huan Hu Xi San Road, Shanghai, 201306, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang X, Xu X, Jiang G, Zhang C, Liu L, Kang J, Wang J, Owusu L, Zhou L, Zhang L, Li W. Dihydrotanshinone I inhibits ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration by transcriptional repression of PIK3CA gene. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:11177-11187. [PMID: 32860347 PMCID: PMC7576223 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydrotanshinone I (DHTS), extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, was found to be the most effective compound of tanshen extracts against cancer cells in our previous studies. However, the therapeutic benefits and underlying mechanisms of DHTS on ovarian cancer remain uncertain. In this study, we demonstrated the cytocidal effects of DHTS on chemosensitive ovarian cancer cells with or without platinum-based chemotherapy. DHTS was able to inhibit proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo through modulation of the PI3K/AKT signalling pathways. Combinatorial treatment of DHTS and cisplatin exhibited enhanced DNA damage in ovarian cancer cells. Overall, these findings suggest that DHTS induces ovarian cancer cells death via induction of DNA damage and inhibits ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Basic Medical School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiao Xu
- Department of Biotechnology, Basic Medical School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Guoqiang Jiang
- Department of Biotechnology, Basic Medical School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Cuili Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, Basic Medical School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Likun Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, Basic Medical School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jian Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, Basic Medical School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Basic Medical School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lawrence Owusu
- Department of Biotechnology, Basic Medical School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Liye Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Weiling Li
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mota A, S Oltra S, Moreno-Bueno G. Insight updating of the molecular hallmarks in ovarian carcinoma. EJC Suppl 2020; 15:16-26. [PMID: 33240439 PMCID: PMC7573468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcsup.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Ovarian cancer (OC) is the deadliest gynaecologic cancer characterised by a high heterogeneity not only at the clinical point of view but also at the molecular level. This review focuses on the new insights about the OC molecular classification. Materials and methods We performed a bibliographic search for different indexed articles focused on the new molecular classification of OC. All of them have been published in PubMed and included information about the most frequent molecular alterations in OC confirmed by omics approaches. In addition, we have extracted information about the role of liquid biopsy in the OC diagnosis and prognosis. Results New molecular insights into OC have allowed novel clinical entities to be defined. Among OC, high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) which is the most common OC is characterised by omics approaches, mutations in TP53 and in other genes involved in the homologous recombination repair, especially BRCA1/2. Recent studies in HGSOC have allowed a new molecular classification in subgroups according to their mutational, transcriptional, methylation and copy number variation signatures with a real impact in the characterisation of new therapeutic targets for OC to be defined. Furthermore, despite the intrinsic intra-tumour heterogeneity, the advances in next generation sequencing (NGS) analyses of ascetic liquid from OC have opened new ways for its characterisation and treatment. Conclusions The advances in genomic approaches have been used for the identification of new molecular profiling techniques which define OC subgroups and has supposed advances in the diagnosis and in the personalised treatment of OC. Classification of ovarian cancer regarding to widespread genetic and genomic data. Highlighted role of p53 and BRCA1/2 in ovarian cancer for diagnosis and treatment. Intra-tumour genetic heterogeneity in ovarian cancer. Useful of liquid biopsy study in ovarian cancer diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Mota
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ (CSIC-UAM), IdiPaz, MD Anderson International Foundation Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Spain
| | - Sara S Oltra
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ (CSIC-UAM), IdiPaz, MD Anderson International Foundation Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Moreno-Bueno
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ (CSIC-UAM), IdiPaz, MD Anderson International Foundation Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Spain
- Corresponding author: Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” CSIC-UAM, Arzobispo Morcillo 4, Madrid, 28029, Spain. Fax: +34 91-5854401.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Palmer AC, Plana D, Gao H, Korn JM, Yang G, Green J, Zhang X, Velazquez R, McLaughlin ME, Ruddy DA, Kowal C, Muszynski J, Bullock C, Rivera S, Rakiec DP, Elliott G, Fordjour P, Meyer R, Loo A, Kurth E, Engelman JA, Bitter H, Sellers WR, Williams JA, Sorger PK. A Proof of Concept for Biomarker-Guided Targeted Therapy against Ovarian Cancer Based on Patient-Derived Tumor Xenografts. Cancer Res 2020; 80:4278-4287. [PMID: 32747364 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Advanced ovarian cancers are a leading cause of cancer-related death in women and are currently treated with surgery and chemotherapy. This standard of care is often temporarily successful but exhibits a high rate of relapse, after which, treatment options are few. Here we investigate whether biomarker-guided use of multiple targeted therapies, including small molecules and antibody-drug conjugates, is a viable alternative. A panel of patient-derived ovarian cancer xenografts (PDX), similar in genetics and chemotherapy responsiveness to human tumors, was exposed to 21 monotherapies and combination therapies. Three monotherapies and one combination were found to be active in different subsets of PDX. Analysis of gene expression data identified biomarkers associated with responsiveness to each of the three targeted therapies, none of which directly inhibits an oncogenic driver. While no single treatment had as high a response rate as chemotherapy, nearly 90% of PDXs were eligible for and responded to at least one biomarker-guided treatment, including tumors resistant to standard chemotherapy. The distribution of biomarker positivity in The Cancer Genome Atlas data suggests the potential for a similar precision approach in human patients. SIGNIFICANCE: This study exploits a panel of patient-derived xenografts to demonstrate that most ovarian tumors can be matched to effective biomarker-guided treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam C Palmer
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pharmacology, Computational Medicine Program, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Deborah Plana
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Hui Gao
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Joshua M Korn
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Guizhi Yang
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - John Green
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Xiamei Zhang
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Roberto Velazquez
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Margaret E McLaughlin
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - David A Ruddy
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Colleen Kowal
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Julie Muszynski
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Caroline Bullock
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Stacy Rivera
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel P Rakiec
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - GiNell Elliott
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Paul Fordjour
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Ronald Meyer
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Alice Loo
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Esther Kurth
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jeffrey A Engelman
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Hans Bitter
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - William R Sellers
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Juliet A Williams
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
| | - Peter K Sorger
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Roque R, Costa Sousa F, Figueiredo-Dias M. Epithelial-mesenchymal interconversions in ovarian cancer: The levels and functions of E-cadherin in intraabdominal dissemination. Oncol Rev 2020; 14:475. [PMID: 32676171 PMCID: PMC7358986 DOI: 10.4081/oncol.2020.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The metastatic process of ovarian cancer (OC) is almost exclusively defined by direct shedding of tumor cells into the abdominal cavity, followed by clustering into multicellular aggregates and posterior peritoneal anchorage. This process relies on dynamic intercellular interactions which are modified by epithelial- mesenchymal interconversions and, therefore, E-cadherin expression variability. Although widely accepted as a tumor suppressor in many types of cancer, E-cadherin is currently known to have a dynamic expression and a much more complex role in OC. First, high E-cadherin expression is considered a sign of metaplasia in the normal ovarian epithelium, due to its association with epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) mediated cell proliferation. Subsequently, it is the decreased expression of E-cadherin that allows the acquisition of a more invasive phenotype, leading to the spread of primary tumor cells into the peritoneal fluid. This downregulation seems to depend on complex regulatory mechanisms, from molecular proteolysis to microenvironment interference and epigenetic regulation. E-cadherin cleavage and its resulting fragments appear to be essential to the process of dissemination and even to the formation of multicellular aggregates. Paradoxically, the maintenance of some E-cadherin expression seems to promote intercellular adhesion, resistance, and survival while decreasing cancer response to chemotherapy. Multiple studies have shown that reversing epithelial-mesenchymal transaction (EMT) and increasing E-cadherin expression prevents OC intraperitoneal dissemination, but findings that simultaneously correlate E-cadherin downregulation to higher chemotherapy sensitivity should not be ignored. Nevertheless, EMT and E-cadherin seem to have a potential interest as therapeutic targets in novel approaches to OC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Filipa Costa Sousa
- Universitary Clinic of Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra
- Gynecology Department, Universitary Hospital Center of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Margarida Figueiredo-Dias
- Universitary Clinic of Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra
- Gynecology Department, Universitary Hospital Center of Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang L, Li X. Identification of an energy metabolism‑related gene signature in ovarian cancer prognosis. Oncol Rep 2020; 43:1755-1770. [PMID: 32186777 PMCID: PMC7160557 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in energy metabolism may be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer as they frequently occur within cancer cells. However, basic cancer research has failed to reach a consistent conclusion on the function(s) of mitochondria in energy metabolism. The significance of energy metabolism in the prognosis of ovarian cancer remains unclear; thus, there remains an urgent need to systematically analyze the characteristics and clinical value of energy metabolism in ovarian cancer. Based on gene expression patterns, the present study aimed to analyze energy metabolism‑associated characteristics to evaluate the prognosis of patients with ovarian cancer. A total of 39 energy metabolism‑related genes significantly associated with prognosis were obtained, and three molecular subtypes were identified by nonnegative matrix factorization clustering, among which the C1 subtype was associated with poor clinical outcomes of ovarian cancer. The immune response was enhanced in the tumor microenvironment. A total of 888 differentially expressed genes were identified in C1 compared with the other subtypes, and the results of the pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that they were enriched in the 'PI3K‑Akt signaling pathway', 'cAMP signaling pathway', 'ECM‑receptor interaction' and other pathways associated with the development and progression of tumors. Finally, eight characteristic genes (tolloid‑like 1 gene, type XVI collagen, prostaglandin F2α, cartilage intermediate layer protein 2, kinesin family member 26b, interferon inducible protein 27, growth arrest‑specific gene 1 and chemokine receptor 7) were obtained through LASSO feature selection; and a number of them have been demonstrated to be associated with ovarian cancer progression. In addition, Cox regression analysis was performed to establish an 8‑gene signature, which was determined to be an independent prognostic factor for patients with ovarian cancer and could stratify sample risk in the training, test and external validation datasets (P<0.01; AUC >0.8). Gene Set Enrichment Analysis results revealed that the 8‑gene signature was involved in important biological processes and pathways of ovarian cancer. In conclusion, the present study established an 8‑gene signature associated with metabolic genes, which may provide new insights into the effects of energy metabolism on ovarian cancer. The 8‑gene signature may serve as an independent prognostic factor for ovarian cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xiuqin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liu Y, Li L, Wang X, Wang P, Wang Z. LncRNA TONSL-AS1 regulates miR-490-3p/CDK1 to affect ovarian epithelial carcinoma cell proliferation. J Ovarian Res 2020; 13:60. [PMID: 32414422 PMCID: PMC7229583 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-020-00657-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background LncRNA TONSL-AS1 has been characterized as a critical player in gastric cancer. By analyze the TCGA dataset, we observed the upregulation of TONSL-AS1 in ovarian epithelial carcinoma (EOC). We therefore investigated the involvement of TONSL-AS1 in EOC. Methods The differential expression of TONSL-AS1 in EOC was first explored by analyzing the TCGA dataset. The effects of overexpression of TONSL-AS1 and miR-490-3p on the expression of CDK1 mRNA and protein in OVCAR3 cells were evaluated by qPCR and western blot, respectively. CCK-8 assay was performed to investigate the effects of overexpression of TONSL-AS1, miR-490-3p and CDK1 on proliferation of OVCAR3 cells. Results We observed that TONSL-AS1 was upregulated in EOC tumor tissues from EOC patients, and its high expression level was correlated with poor survival. Dual luciferase assay and RNA interaction prediction showed the direct interaction between TONSL-AS1 and miR-490-3p. However, overexpression of miR-490-3p did not affect the expression of TONSL-AS1. Instead, overexpression of TONSL-AS1 resulted in the upregulation of CDK1, a target of miR-490-3p, in EOC cells. Overexpression of TONSL-AS1 and CDK1 resulted in increased proliferation rate of EOC cells. Overexpression of miR-490-3p played an opposite role and reduced the effects of overexpression of TONSL -AS1 and CDK1. Conclusions Therefore, TONSL-AS1 may regulate miR-490-3p/CDK1 to affect EOC cell proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, No. 215 Zhongshan Avenue, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430022, PR China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, No. 215 Zhongshan Avenue, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430022, PR China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430014, PR China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, No. 215 Zhongshan Avenue, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430022, PR China
| | - Zhongxian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, No. 215 Zhongshan Avenue, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430022, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Su F, GM A, Palgunachari MN, White CR, Stessman H, Wu Y, Vadgama J, Pietras R, Nguyen D, Reddy ST, Farias-Eisner R. Bovine HDL and Dual Domain HDL-Mimetic Peptides Inhibit Tumor Development in Mice. JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND THERAPEUTIC ONCOLOGY 2020; 8:101. [PMID: 32462055 PMCID: PMC7252215 DOI: 10.17303/jcrto.2020.8.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of literature supports the role of apolipoproteins present in HDL in the treatment of pro-inflammatory diseases including cancer. We examined whether bovine HDL (bHDL) and three dual-domain peptides, namely AEM-28 and its analog AEM-28-2, and HM-10/10, affect tumor growth and development in mouse models of ovarian and colon cancer. We demonstrate that bHDL inhibits mouse colorectal cancer cell line CT26-mediated lung tumor development, and mouse ovarian cancer cell line ID8-mediated tumor burden. We also demonstrate that, although to different degrees, dual-domain peptides inhibit cell viability of mouse and human ovarian and colon cancer cell lines, but not that of normal human colonic epithelial cells or NIH3T3 mouse fibroblasts. Dual-domain peptides administered subcutaneously or in a chow diet decrease CT26 cell-mediated tumor burden, tumor growth, and tumor dissemination in BALB/c mice. Plasma levels of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) are significantly reduced in mice that received bHDL and the dual-domain peptides, suggesting that reduction by effecting accumulation and/or synthesis of pro-inflammatory lipids may be one of the mechanisms for the inhibition of tumor development by bHDL and the dual-domain peptides. Our studies suggest that therapeutics based on apolipoproteins present in HDL may be novel agents for the treatment of epithelial adenocarcinomas of the ovary and colon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Anantharamaiah GM
- Department of Medicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | | | - C. Roger White
- Department of Medicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Holly Stessman
- Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University Medical School, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Yanyuan Wu
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles Drew University, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Jay Vadgama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles Drew University, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Richard Pietras
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Dorothy Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Srinivasa T. Reddy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Robin Farias-Eisner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
- Hereditary Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pantshwa JM, Kondiah PPD, Choonara YE, Marimuthu T, Pillay V. Nanodrug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E213. [PMID: 31952210 PMCID: PMC7017423 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advances achieved in medicine, chemotherapeutics still has detrimental side effects with ovarian cancer (OC), accounting for numerous deaths among females. The provision of safe, early detection and active treatment of OC remains a challenge, in spite of improvements in new antineoplastic discovery. Nanosystems have shown remarkable progress with impact in diagnosis and chemotherapy of various cancers, due to their ideal size; improved drug encapsulation within its interior core; potential to minimize drug degradation; improve in vivo drug release kinetics; and prolong blood circulation times. However, nanodrug delivery systems have few limitations regarding its accuracy of tumour targeting and the ability to provide sustained drug release. Hence, a cogent and strategic approach has focused on nanosystem functionalization with antibody-based ligands to selectively enhance cellular uptake of antineoplastics. Antibody functionalized nanosystems are (advanced) synthetic candidates, with a broad range of efficiency in specific tumour targeting, whilst leaving normal cells unaffected. This article comprehensively reviews the present status of nanosystems, with particular emphasis on nanomicelles for molecular diagnosis and treatment of OC. In addition, biomarkers of nanosystems provide important prospects as chemotherapeutic strategies to upsurge the survival rate of patients with OC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Viness Pillay
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa; (J.M.P.); (P.P.D.K.); (Y.E.C.); (T.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhu D, Huang X, Liang F, Zhao L. LncRNA miR503HG interacts with miR-31-5p through multiple ways to regulate cancer cell invasion and migration in ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2020; 13:3. [PMID: 31907059 PMCID: PMC6945408 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-019-0599-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of lncRNA miR503HG has been investigated in several types of cancer, but its functions in ovarian cancer (OC) is unclear. Analysis of TCGA dataset revealed a 50-fold lower expression level of miR503HG in OC tissues than that in non-tumor tissues, indicating the involvement of miR503HG in OC. Results in this study showed that miR503HG was downregulated in OC and predicted poor survival. Expression of miR503HG negatively correlated with the expression of miR-31-5p across OC and non-tumor tissues. RNA-RNA interaction analysis revealed that miR503HG can interact with miR-31-5p. Dual-luciferase assay showed that miR-31-5p and miR503HG may directly interact with each other. Methylation specific PCR (MSP) showed that overexpression of miR503HG led to increased methylation level of miR-31-5p gene. Transwell assay showed that overexpression of miR-31-5p resulted in increased invasion and migration rates of OC cells. Overexpression of MiR503HG played an opposite role and attenuated the effects of overexpressing miR-31-5p. Therefore, miR503HG may promote the methylation of miR-31-5p and serve as its sponge to inhibit OC cell invasion and migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ding Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueshuang Huang
- Biomedical Research Center, Hunan University of Medicine, No.492 Jinxi South Road, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, 418000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fang Liang
- Department of Gynecology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijing Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410005, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang Y, Lei X, Gao C, Xue Y, Li X, Wang H, Feng Y. MiR-506-3p suppresses the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells by negatively regulating the expression of MTMR6. J Biosci 2019; 44:126. [PMID: 31894107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs have been reported to play a crucial role in ovarian cancer (OC) as the most lethal malignancy of the women. Here, we found miR-506-3p was significantly down-regulated in OC tissues compared with corresponding adjacent nontumor tissues. Ectopic miR-506-3p expression inhibited OC cell growth and proliferation using MTT and colony formation assay. Additionally, flow cytometry analysis showed that the overexpression of miR-506-3p induced cell cycle G0/G1 phase arrest and cell apoptosis in OC cells. A luciferase reporter assay confirmed that the myotubularin-related protein 6 (MTMR6) was the target of miR-506-3p. The expression of MTMR6 was increased in OC tissues compared with adjacent tissues using immunohistochemistry. Elevated MTMR6 protein levels were confirmed in OC cells lines compared with immortalized fallopian tube epithelial cell line FTE187 using western blotting. In addition, knockdown of MTMR6 imitated the effects of miR-506-3p on cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and apoptosis in OC cells. Furthermore, rescue experiments using MTMR6 overexpression further verified that MTMR6 was a functional target of miR-506-3p. Our data indicate that miR-506-3p might serve as a tumor suppressor gene and propose a new regulatory mechanism of MTMR6 by miR-506-3p in OC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Department of Gynaecology, Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital, Yanan, Shaanxi Province, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
MiR-506-3p suppresses the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells by negatively regulating the expression of MTMR6. J Biosci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-019-9952-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
29
|
Corradetti B, Pisano S, Conlan RS, Ferrari M. Nanotechnology and Immunotherapy in Ovarian Cancer: Tracing New Landscapes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 370:636-646. [PMID: 30737357 PMCID: PMC6806629 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.254979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the seventh most common cancer in women worldwide. Standard therapeutic treatments involve debulking surgery combined with platinum-based chemotherapies. Of the patients with advanced-stage cancer who initially respond to current treatments, 50%-75% relapse. Immunotherapy-based approaches aimed at boosting antitumor immunity have recently emerged as promising tools to challenge tumor progression. Treatments with inhibitors of immune checkpoint molecules have shown impressive results in other types of tumors. However, only 15% of checkpoint inhibitors evaluated have proven successful in OC due to the immunosuppressive environment of the tumor and the transport barriers. This limits the efficacy of the existing immunotherapies. Nanotechnology-based delivery systems hold the potential to overcome such limitations. Various nanoformulations including polymeric, liposomes, and lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles have already been proposed to improve the biodistribution and targeting capabilities of drugs against tumor-associated immune cells, including dendritic cells and macrophages. In this review, we examine the impact of immunotherapeutic approaches that are currently under consideration for the treatment of OC. In this review, we also provide a comprehensive analysis of the existing nanoparticle-based synthetic strategies and their limitations and advantages over standard treatments. Furthermore, we discuss how the strength of the combination of nanotechnology with immunotherapy may help to overcome the current therapeutic limitations associated with their individual application and unravel a new paradigm in the treatment of this malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Corradetti
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas (B.C., S.P., R.S.C., M.F.); Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, United Kingdom (B.C., S.P., R.S.C.); and Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York (M.F.)
| | - Simone Pisano
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas (B.C., S.P., R.S.C., M.F.); Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, United Kingdom (B.C., S.P., R.S.C.); and Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York (M.F.)
| | - Robert Steven Conlan
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas (B.C., S.P., R.S.C., M.F.); Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, United Kingdom (B.C., S.P., R.S.C.); and Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York (M.F.)
| | - Mauro Ferrari
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas (B.C., S.P., R.S.C., M.F.); Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, United Kingdom (B.C., S.P., R.S.C.); and Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York (M.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Long X, Song K, Hu H, Tian Q, Wang W, Dong Q, Yin X, Di W. Long non-coding RNA GAS5 inhibits DDP-resistance and tumor progression of epithelial ovarian cancer via GAS5-E2F4-PARP1-MAPK axis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:345. [PMID: 31391118 PMCID: PMC6686414 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1329-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the malignant tumor of the female reproductive system with the highest fatality rate. Tolerance of chemotherapeutic drugs like cisplatin (DDP) occurring in very early stage is one of the important factors of the poor prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer. Here we aim to study the dysregulation of a particular long noncoding RNA, lncRNA GAS5, and its role in EOC progression. Methods The low expression of lncRNA GAS5 in EOC tissues and OC cell lines was determined by microarray analyses and Real-Time qPCR. Flow cytometer assays were used to detect cell cycle and apoptosis of OC cells. CCK8 assay were performed to investigate the DDP sensitivity of OC cells. Western blot was carried out to detect cell growth markers, apoptotic markers, PARP1, E2F4, MAPK pathway protein expression and other protein expression in OC cell lines. The binding of GAS5 and E2F4 were proved by RNA pull-down and RIP assay. The effect of E2F4 on PARP1 were determined by CHIP-qPCR assay and luciferase reporter assay. The effect of lncRNA GAS5 on OC cells was assessed in vitro and in vivo. Results By microarray (3 EOC tissues νs. 3 normal ovary tissues) and RT- qPCR (53 EOC tissues νs. 10 normal ovary tissues) we identified lncRNA GAS5 to be dramatically low expressed in EOC samples and correlated with prognosis. Compared with sensitive cell lines, GAS5 was also low expressed in DDP resistant OC cell lines, and over-expression of GAS5 significantly enhanced the sensitivity of OC cells to DDP in vivo and in vitro. Meanwhile the over-expression of GAS5 also caused OC cells G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis increase. Mechanistically, GAS5 might regulate PARP1 expression by recruiting the transcription factor E2F4 to its promoter, and then affect the MAPK pathway activity. Due to the 5’TOP structure, GAS5 could be regulated by transcription inhibitor rapamycin in OC cells. Conclusion Here we explored the specific mechanisms of EOC cisplatin resistance and tumor progress due to lncRNA-GAS5, presented the GAS5-E2F4-PARP1-MAPK axis and its role in OC drug-sensitivity and progression for the first time, and the results may provide experimental basis for clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Long
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, NO.160, PuJian Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Keqi Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, NO.160, PuJian Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Cancer Intervention, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Tian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, NO.160, PuJian Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, NO.160, PuJian Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, NO.160, PuJian Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, NO.160, PuJian Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Di
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, NO.160, PuJian Road, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bodelon C, Killian JK, Sampson JN, Anderson WF, Matsuno R, Brinton LA, Lissowska J, Anglesio MS, Bowtell DDL, Doherty JA, Ramus SJ, Talhouk A, Sherman ME, Wentzensen N. Molecular Classification of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Based on Methylation Profiling: Evidence for Survival Heterogeneity. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:5937-5946. [PMID: 31142506 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-3720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ovarian cancer is a heterogeneous disease that can be divided into multiple subtypes with variable etiology, pathogenesis, and prognosis. We analyzed DNA methylation profiling data to identify biologic subgroups of ovarian cancer and study their relationship with histologic subtypes, copy number variation, RNA expression data, and outcomes. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A total of 162 paraffin-embedded ovarian epithelial tumor tissues, including the five major epithelial ovarian tumor subtypes (high- and low-grade serous, endometrioid, mucinous, and clear cell) and tumors of low malignant potential were selected from two different sources: The Polish Ovarian Cancer study, and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Residual Tissue Repository (SEER RTR). Analyses were restricted to Caucasian women. Methylation profiling was conducted using the Illumina 450K methylation array. For 45 tumors array copy number data were available. NanoString gene expression data for 39 genes were available for 61 high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSC). RESULTS Consensus nonnegative matrix factorization clustering of the 1,000 most variable CpG sites showed four major clusters among all epithelial ovarian cancers. We observed statistically significant differences in survival (log-rank test, P = 9.1 × 10-7) and genomic instability across these clusters. Within HGSC, clustering showed three subgroups with survival differences (log-rank test, P = 0.002). Comparing models with and without methylation subgroups in addition to previously identified gene expression subtypes suggested that the methylation subgroups added significant survival information (P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS DNA methylation profiling of ovarian cancer identified novel molecular subgroups that had significant survival difference and provided insights into the molecular underpinnings of ovarian cancer.See related commentary by Ishak et al., p. 5729.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Bodelon
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - J Keith Killian
- Center for Cancer Research (CCR), NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joshua N Sampson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - William F Anderson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Rayna Matsuno
- Foundation Medicine Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts.,University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Louise A Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michael S Anglesio
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - David D L Bowtell
- The Kinghorn Cancer Center, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia.,Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Doherty
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Susan J Ramus
- The Kinghorn Cancer Center, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Aline Talhouk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Mark E Sherman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.,Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kim BI, Kim JH, Sim DY, Nam M, Jung JH, Shim B, Lee J, Kim SH. Inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 and activation of caspase‑9/3 are involved in KYS05090S‑induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2019; 55:203-210. [PMID: 31059018 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To overcome the poor prognosis of patients with ovarian cancer, attempting to target ovarian cancer with effective antitumor compounds has been conducted for numerous years. Although the 3,4‑dihydroquinazoline derivative KYS05090S was known to exert antitumor effects in A549 and ovarian cancer cells by inhibition of T‑type Ca2+ channels, the complete underlying antitumor mechanism of this compound remains unclear. Thus, in the present study, the potential apoptotic mechanism of KYS05090S was elucidated in SKOV3 and OVCAR3 ovarian cancer cells. KYS05090S exerted significant cytotoxicity in SKOV3 and OVCAR3 ovarian cancer cells, and also increased the number of apoptotic bodies, and the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling positive cells and the sub‑G1 population as a feature of apoptosis. Consistently, KYS05090S induced cleavage of poly(ADP‑ribose) polymerase and caspase‑9/3 in ovarian cancer cells. Notably, KYS05090S attenuated the expression of anti‑apoptotic proteins, including cyclin D1 and B‑cell lymphoma‑2 (Bcl‑2), and reduced the phosphorylation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in ovarian cancer cells. Additionally, KYS05090S blocked the nuclear translocation of STAT3 and suppressed the signaling of JAK2/STAT3 in interleukin‑6‑treated SKOV3 cells, as a STAT3 activator. Overall, these observations indicated that inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 signaling and activation of caspase‑9/3 are critically involved in the effects of KYS05090S on apoptosis in ovarian cancer types, and the compound may be beneficial as a potent antitumor agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Im Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Ha Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Yong Sim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Nam
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jung
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumsang Shim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyeol Lee
- Research Institute for Basic Sciences and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Blockade pf CD73/adenosine axis improves the therapeutic efficacy of docetaxel in epithelial ovarian cancer. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2019; 299:1737-1746. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-019-05139-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
34
|
Increased expression of FAK isoforms as potential cancer biomarkers in ovarian cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:4779-4786. [PMID: 31186683 PMCID: PMC6507456 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that is expressed in most human cell types (example: Epithelial cells, fibroblasts and endothelial), it serves a key role in the control of cell survival, proliferation and motility. The abnormal expression of FAK has been associated with poor prognosis in cancer, including ovarian cancer. However, although FAK isoforms with specific molecular and functional properties have been characterized, there are a limited number of published studies that examine FAK isoforms in ovarian cancer. The aim of the present study was to analyze the expression level of FAK and its isoforms in ovarian cancer. The expression of FAK kinase and focal adhesion targeting (FAT) domains was determined with immunohistochemistry in healthy ovary, and serous and mucinous cystadenoma, borderline tumor and carcinoma samples. Additionally, the expression of FAK and its isoforms were investigated in three ovarian cancer-derived cell lines with western blotting and reverse transcription-semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. An increased expression of FAK kinase domain was determined in serous tumor samples and was associated with advancement of the lesion. FAK kinase domain expression was moderate-to-low in mucinous tumor samples. The expression of the FAK FAT domain in tumor samples was reduced, compared with healthy ovary samples; however, the FAT domain was localized to the cellular nucleus. Expression of alternative transcripts FAK°, FAK28,6 and FAK28 was determined in all three cell lines investigated. In conclusion, FAK kinase and FAT domains are differentially expressed among ovarian tumor types. These results indicated the presence of at least two isoforms of FAK (FAK and the putative FAK-related non-kinase) in tumor tissue, which is supported by the cells producing at least three FAK alternative transcripts. These results may support the use of FAK and its isoforms as biomarkers for ovarian cancer.
Collapse
|
35
|
BRCA1 and MAD2 Are Coexpressed and Are Prognostic Indicators in Tubo-ovarian High-Grade Serous Carcinoma. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2019; 28:472-478. [PMID: 29465507 DOI: 10.1097/igc.0000000000001214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between BRCA1 and mitotic arrest deficiency protein 2 (MAD2) protein expression, as determined by immunohistochemistry, and clinical outcomes in epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). METHODS A tissue microarray consisting of 94 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded EOC with fully matched clinicopathological data were immunohistochemically stained with anti-BRCA1 and anti-MAD2 antibodies. The cores were scored in a semiquantitative manner evaluating nuclear staining intensity and extent. Coexpression of BRCA1 and MAD2 was evaluated, and patient survival analyses were undertaken. RESULTS Coexpression of BRCA1 and MAD2 was assessed in 94 EOC samples, and survival analysis was performed on 65 high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSCs). There was a significant positive correlation between BRCA1 and MAD2 expression in this patient cohort (P < 0.0001). Both low BRCA1 and low MAD2 are independently associated with overall survival because of HGSC. Low coexpression of BRCA1 and MAD2 was also significantly associated with overall survival and was driven by BRCA1 expression. CONCLUSION BRCA1 and MAD2 expressions are strongly correlated in EOC, but BRCA1 expression remains the stronger prognostic factor in HGSC.
Collapse
|
36
|
Khadirnaikar S, Kumar P, Shukla SK. Development and validation of an immune prognostic signature for ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2019; 3:e1166. [PMID: 32794637 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer (OC) causes a significant proportion of cancer-related deaths in women. Recently, immunotherapy has emerged as a substantial player in cancer treatment. Lymphocyte infiltration, an important indicator of immune activity and disease aggressiveness, can be identified by gene expression profiling of immune-related genes of tumours which may prove useful in prognosis of patients. AIMS The aim of this study is to identify and validate a novel immune gene-based prognostic signature for OC. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we extracted the expression of immune-related genes and performed the Cox regression analysis and identified five genes with significant correlation with survival in training cohort of patients (n = 286). We utilised regression coefficient and expression level of five genes to calculate immune prognostic signature (IPS) score for OC patients. In univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis with other clinicopathological factors, we showed that IPS is an independent predictor of survival (P value <0.01). More importantly, we utilised 404 patients from TCGA dataset as the validation cohort and validated the survival capability of IPS in the univariate and multivariate analysis (P value <0.001). Interestingly, KM analysis showed a significant difference in survival of patients with high and low IPS score in both datasets (training dataset P value <0.01, validation dataset P value <0.01). Further, we showed that all the five genes are differentially expressed and involved in immune modulation among other pathways. Interestingly, GSEA analysis showed that high IPS patients had low immune activity and activated EMT and other oncogenic pathways. CONCLUSION In summary, we have developed and validated robust immune-related gene-based prognostic signature to identify the OC patients with high immune activity who can be taken for immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seema Khadirnaikar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Dharwad, Dharwad, India.,Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Dharwad, Dharwad, India
| | - Pranjal Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Dharwad, Dharwad, India
| | - Sudhanshu Kumar Shukla
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Dharwad, Dharwad, India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Braga EA, Loginov VI, Filippova EA, Burdennyi AM, Pronina IV, Kazubskaya TP, Khodyrev DS, Utkin DO, Kushlinskii DN, Adamyan LV, Kuslinskii NE. Diagnostic Value of a Group of MicroRNA Genes Hypermethylated in Ovarian Carcinoma. Bull Exp Biol Med 2018; 166:253-256. [PMID: 30488208 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-018-4326-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The study was designed to determine genes of microRNAs hypermethylated in malignant ovarian tumors and to select new diagnostic and prognostic markers of the disease and effective system of markers. Using methyl-specific PCR and a representative sample of 54 ovarian cancer specimens, we determined 5 microRNA genes (MIR-34b/c, MIR-9-1, MIR-124-3, MIR-129-2, and MIR-107) hypermethylated in the majority of tumor samples in comparison with paired samples of histologically unchanged tissue (48-57% vs. 4-19%, p<0.001). Using ROC-analysis, we selected an effective system of 4 markers for diagnosis of ovarian cancer (MIR-9-1, MIR-124-3, MIR-129-2, and MIR-107) characterized by high sensitivity and specificity (up to 87-94% at AUC=0.92) relative to the conventional norm (54 paired samples of histologically unchanged tissue) and absolute norm (18 ovarian tissue samples from subjects who died from non-tumor diseases). It was also shown that methylation of MIR-129-2, MIR-9-1, and MIR-34b/c genes is significantly (p<0.01) correlated with the clinical stage or the presence of metastases. The results indicate that epigenetic modifications of the studied microRNA genes are involved in the pathogenesis and progression of ovarian cancer and attest to their diagnostic and prognostic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E A Braga
- Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia. .,Research Center of medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia.
| | - V I Loginov
- Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia.,Research Center of medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Filippova
- Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A M Burdennyi
- Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - I V Pronina
- Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - T P Kazubskaya
- N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - D S Khodyrev
- Federal Scientific and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Assistance and Medical Technologies, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - D O Utkin
- N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - D N Kushlinskii
- V. I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - L V Adamyan
- V. I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - N E Kuslinskii
- N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Barbolina MV. Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Organ-Specific Metastases in Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10110444. [PMID: 30445726 PMCID: PMC6266311 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10110444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian carcinoma is the most predominant type of ovarian carcinoma, the deadliest gynecologic malignancy. It is typically diagnosed late when the cancer has already metastasized. Transcoelomic metastasis is the most predominant mechanism of dissemination from epithelial ovarian carcinoma, although both hematogenously and lymphogenously spread metastases also occur. In this review, we describe molecular mechanisms known to regulate organ-specific metastasis from epithelial ovarian carcinoma. We begin by discussing the sites colonized by metastatic ovarian carcinoma and rank them in the order of prevalence. Next, we review the mechanisms regulating the transcoelomic metastasis. Within this chapter, we specifically focus on the mechanisms that were demonstrated to regulate peritoneal adhesion—one of the first steps in the transcoelomic metastatic cascade. Furthermore, we describe mechanisms of the transcoelomic metastasis known to regulate colonization of specific sites within the peritoneal cavity, including the omentum. Mechanisms underlying hematogenous and lymphogenous metastatic spread are less comprehensively studied in ovarian cancer, and we summarize mechanisms that were identified to date. Lastly, we discuss the outcomes of the clinical trials that attempted to target some of the mechanisms described in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Barbolina
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kanis MJ, Qiang W, Pineda M, Maniar KP, Kim JJ. A small molecule inhibitor of the perinucleolar compartment, ML246, attenuates growth and spread of ovarian cancer. GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2018; 5:7. [PMID: 30305911 PMCID: PMC6167785 DOI: 10.1186/s40661-018-0064-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer remains a major health problem for women as it is often diagnosed at a late stage with metastatic disease. There are limited therapeutic agents and survival rates remain poor. The perinucleolar compartment (PNC) has been shown to be associated with malignancy and is considered a surrogate phenotypic marker for metastatic cancer cells. A small molecule, ML246, was derived from a screen against PNCs. In this study, the effect of ML246 on ovarian cancer growth and spread was investigated. METHODS SKOV3 or OVCAR3 cells were treated with ML246 in vitro and PNC was visualized with immunofluorescent staining. Cell invasion was assessed using Matrigel-coated transwell systems. SKOV3 cells were xenografted orthotopically under the ovarian bursa of immunocompromised mice. Additionally, a patient derived ovarian cancer cell line was grafted subcutaneously. Mice were treated with ML246 and tumor growth and spread was assessed. RESULTS PNCs were prevalent in the ovarian cancer cell lines OVCAR3 and SKOV3 with higher prevalence in OVCAR3 cells. Treatment with ML246 significantly reduced PNC prevalence in OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cells. Moreover, the invasive activity of both cell lines was significantly inhibited in vitro. Orthotopic implantation of SKOV3 cells resulted in growth of the tumor on the ovary as well as spread of tumor tissues outside of the primary site on organs into the abdominal cavity. Treatment with ML246 decreased the incidence of tumors outside of the ovary. In addition, a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) line was grafted subcutaneously to monitor tumor growth. ML246 significantly attenuated growth of tumors over a 5-week treatment period. CONCLUSIONS PNC's are present in ovarian cancer cells and treatment with ML246 decreases invasion in vitro and tumor growth and spread in vivo. Additional studies are warranted to determine the efficacy of ML246 as an inhibitor of metastatic disease in ovarian cancer and to determine its precise mechanism of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaux J. Kanis
- Division of Gynecology Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Wenan Qiang
- Division of Reproductive Science in Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Mario Pineda
- Division of Gynecology Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Kruti P. Maniar
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - J. Julie Kim
- Division of Reproductive Science in Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior Street, 4-117, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sureechatchaiyan P, Hamacher A, Brockmann N, Stork B, Kassack MU. Adenosine enhances cisplatin sensitivity in human ovarian cancer cells. Purinergic Signal 2018; 14:395-408. [PMID: 30078088 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-018-9622-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecologic cancer due to lack of early effective diagnosis and development of resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy. Several studies reported that adenosine concentrations are higher in tumor microenvironment than in non-tumor tissue. This finding inspired us to study the role of adenosine in ovarian cancer cells and to investigate if adenosine pathways offer new treatment options urgently needed to prevent or overcome chemoresistance. The ovarian cancer cell lines HEY, A2780, and its cisplatin-resistant subline A2780CisR were used in this study. Expression and functional activity of adenosine receptors were investigated by RT-PCR, Western blotting, and cAMP assay. A1 and A2B adenosine receptors were expressed and functionally active in all three cell lines. Adenosine showed moderate cytotoxicity (MTT-IC50 values were between 700 and 900 μM) and induced apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner by increasing levels of sub-G1 and cleaved PARP. Apoptosis was diminished by QVD-OPh, confirming caspase-dependent induction of apoptosis. Forty-eight hours pre-incubation of adenosine prior to cisplatin significantly enhanced cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in a synergistic manner and increased apoptosis. SLV320 or PSB603, selective A1 and A2B antagonists, was not able to inhibit adenosine-induced increase in cisplatin cytotoxicity or apoptosis whereas dipyridamole, a nucleoside transporter inhibitor, completely abrogated both effects. Mechanistically, adenosine increased pAMPK and reduced pS6K which was prevented by dipyridamole. In conclusion, application of adenosine prior to cisplatin could be a new therapeutic option to increase the potency of cisplatin in a synergistic manner and thus overcome platinum resistance in ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parichat Sureechatchaiyan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine University, Building 26.23.02, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexandra Hamacher
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine University, Building 26.23.02, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicole Brockmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine University, Building 26.23.02, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Bjoern Stork
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine University, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias U Kassack
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine University, Building 26.23.02, Universitaetsstrasse 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yousefi H, Momeny M, Ghaffari SH, Parsanejad N, Poursheikhani A, Javadikooshesh S, Zarrinrad G, Esmaeili F, Alishahi Z, Sabourinejad Z, Sankanian G, Shamsaiegahkani S, Bashash D, Shahsavani N, Tavakkoly-Bazzaz J, Alimoghaddam K, Ghavamzadeh A. IL-6/IL-6R pathway is a therapeutic target in chemoresistant ovarian cancer. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 105:84-91. [DOI: 10.1177/0300891618784790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy worldwide and despite an initial response to therapeutic agents, the majority of patients have chemoresistant disease. There is no treatment strategy with proven efficacy against chemoresistant EOC and in this setting, overcoming therapy resistance is the key to successful treatment. Methods: This study aimed to investigate expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) (IL-6) and IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) in a panel of the EOC cell lines. To achieve this, the expression of IL-6 and its receptor were compared in the EOC cells using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. MTT assay was performed to obtain chemosensitivity of the EOC cells. Results: In this report, we show that expressions of IL6 and IL6R are higher in therapy-resistant EOC cells compared to sensitive ones. Higher expression of IL6 and its receptor correlated with resistance to certain chemotherapeutic agents. Moreover, our findings showed that combination of tocilizumab (Actemra; Roche), an anti-IL-6R monoclonal antibody, with carboplatin synergistically inhibited growth and proliferation of the EOC cells and the most direct axis for IL-6 gene expression was NF-κB pathway. Conclusion: Collectively, our findings suggest that blockade of the IL-6 signaling pathway with anti-IL-6 receptor antibody tocilizumab might resensitize the chemoresistant cells to the current chemotherapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Yousefi
- Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Momeny
- Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed H. Ghaffari
- Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Arash Poursheikhani
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sepehr Javadikooshesh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Zarrinrad
- Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Esmaeili
- Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zivar Alishahi
- Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Sabourinejad
- Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Sankanian
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Shamsaiegahkani
- Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narjes Shahsavani
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Spinal Cord Research Center, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Javad Tavakkoly-Bazzaz
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Alimoghaddam
- Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ardeshir Ghavamzadeh
- Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Liu J, Jiang Y, Wan Y, Zhou S, Thapa S, Cheng W. MicroRNA‑665 suppresses the growth and migration of ovarian cancer cells by targeting HOXA10. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2661-2668. [PMID: 30015865 PMCID: PMC6102655 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological cancer and its metastasis leads to a poor prognosis. The present study was designed to elucidate how microRNA (miR)-665 regulates the proliferation and migration of ovarian tumor cells. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) demonstrated that miR-665 expression was decreased in ovarian cancer tissues. Increased expression of miR-665 suppressed the growth and migration of ovarian cancer cells, whereas the downregulated expression of miR-665 led to the opposite results. Bioinformatics tools identified homeobox A10 (HOXA10) as a target of miR-665. Following miR-665 overexpression, HOXA10 protein expression was significantly reduced. A dual luciferase assay revealed that miR-665 bound to the 3′-untranslated region of HOXA10. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR revealed that the expression of HOXA10 was negatively correlated with the expression of miR-665. It was concluded that miR-665 targets HOXA10 and may act as a tumor-suppressing gene in ovarian cancer. This pathway may be involved in the development and metastasis of ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yicong Wan
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Shulin Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Sunita Thapa
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Cheng
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Novel miRNA genes deregulated by aberrant methylation in ovarian carcinoma are involved in metastasis. Gene 2018; 662:28-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
44
|
Zhao C, Yan M, Li C, Feng Z. POZ/BTB and AT-Hook-Containing Zinc Finger Protein 1 (PATZ1) Suppresses Progression of Ovarian Cancer and Serves as an Independent Prognosis Factor. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:4262-4270. [PMID: 29926841 PMCID: PMC6044213 DOI: 10.12659/msm.908766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The POZ/BTB and AT-hook-containing Zinc finger protein 1 (PATZ1) is a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor belonging to the POZ domain Krüppel-like zinc finger (POK) family. It is involved in the pathogenesis of a growing list of human diseases, including cancer. The effect of PATZ1 on serous ovarian carcinoma (SOC) remains unclear. This study initially explored the clinical significance of PATZ1 in patients with SOC, the relationship between its expression and the prognosis of SOC patients, and its role in tumor proliferation and invasion. MATERIAL AND METHODS Immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were performed to characterize the expression of PATZ1 in SOC tissues. The relationship between PATZ1 expression and the clinicopathological features of patients with SOC was analyzed by chi-square test. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analyses were utilized to evaluate the prognosis of SOC. PATZ1-constructed transfection-mediated overexpression was conducted. The CCK-8 assay was performed to examine the proliferation, while Transwell assay was used to detect the invasive capability. RESULTS The results of IHC and qPCR analyses showed that the expression of PATZ1 in cancerous tissue was significantly lower than that in non-cancerous tissues. Meanwhile, PATZ1 expression was significantly associated with tumor differentiation and LN metastasis. Survival analysis showed that PATZ1 expression was one of the independent prognosis factors for overall survival of SOC patients. In addition, overexpression of PATZ1 inhibited the proliferation and invasion of OVCAR3 cells by in vitro experiments. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that PATZ1 is a novel prognostic marker in SOC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cuihong Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Min Yan
- Department of Obstetrics, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Chengjuan Li
- Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Zhongtao Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Co-expression and prognostic significance of the HER family members, EGFRvIII, c-MET, CD44 in patients with ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 9:19662-19674. [PMID: 29731973 PMCID: PMC5929416 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
EGFR and HER-2 are important targets but none of the monoclonal antibodies or small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors specific for the HER members has been approved for the treatment of patients with ovarian cancers. In some studies, co-expression of other growth factor receptors has been associated with resistance to therapy with the HER inhibitors. The aim of the present study was to determine the relative expression, cellular location, and prognostic significance of HER-family members, the EGFR mutant (EGFRvIII) c-MET, IGF-1R and the cancer stem cell biomarker CD44 in 60 patients with FIGO stage III and IV ovarian cancer. At cut off >5% of tumour cells with positive staining, 62%, 59%, 65% and 45% of the cases were EGFR, HER-2, HER-3 and HER-4 positive, and 3%, 22% and 48.3% of the cases were positive for EGFRvIII, c-MET, and CD44 respectively. Interestingly, 23% co-expressed all four members of the HER family. On univariate analysis, only EGFR staining at >50% of tumour cells (HR = 3.57, p = 0.038) and CD44 staining at 3+ intensity (HR = 7.99, p = 0.004) were associated with a poorer overall survival. EGFR expression (HR = 2.83, p = 0.019) and its co-expression with HER-2, HER-3, HER-2/HER-3, and c-MET were all associated with poorer disease-free survival. Our results suggest co-expression of the HER-family members is common in Stage III and IV ovarian cancer patients. Further studies on the prognostic significance and predictive value of all HER family member proteins for the response to treatment with various forms of the HER inhibitors are warranted.
Collapse
|
46
|
Roy L, Bobbs A, Sattler R, Kurkewich JL, Dausinas PB, Nallathamby P, Cowden Dahl KD. CD133 Promotes Adhesion to the Ovarian Cancer Metastatic Niche. CANCER GROWTH AND METASTASIS 2018; 11:1179064418767882. [PMID: 29662326 PMCID: PMC5894897 DOI: 10.1177/1179064418767882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are an attractive therapeutic target due to their predicted role in both metastasis and chemoresistance. One of the most commonly agreed on markers for ovarian CSCs is the cell surface protein CD133. CD133+ ovarian CSCs have increased tumorigenicity, resistance to chemotherapy, and increased metastasis. Therefore, we were interested in defining how CD133 is regulated and whether it has a role in tumor metastasis. Previously we found that overexpression of the transcription factor, ARID3B, increased the expression of PROM1 (CD133 gene) in ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in xenograft tumors. We report that ARID3B directly regulates PROM1 expression. Importantly, in a xenograft mouse model of ovarian cancer, knockdown of PROM1 in cells expressing exogenous ARID3B resulted in increased survival time compared with cells expressing ARID3B and a control short hairpin RNA. This indicated that ARID3B regulation of PROM1 is critical for tumor growth. Moreover, we hypothesized that CD133 may affect metastatic spread. Given that the peritoneal mesothelium is a major site of ovarian cancer metastasis, we explored the role of PROM1 in mesothelial attachment. PROM1 expression increased adhesion to mesothelium in vitro and ex vivo. Collectively, our work demonstrates that ARID3B regulates PROM1 adhesion to the ovarian cancer metastatic niche.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Roy
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, IN, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend, South Bend, IN, USA
| | - Alexander Bobbs
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, IN, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend, South Bend, IN, USA
| | - Rachel Sattler
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, IN, USA.,Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Kurkewich
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, IN, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Paige B Dausinas
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, IN, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend, South Bend, IN, USA
| | - Prakash Nallathamby
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Karen D Cowden Dahl
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, IN, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend, South Bend, IN, USA.,Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.,Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Bonilla L, Oza A, Lheureux S. Emerging growth factor receptor antagonists for ovarian cancer treatment. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2018. [PMID: 29528256 DOI: 10.1080/14728214.2018.1446942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy. EOC outcomes remain unsatisfactory despite aggressive surgical approach, disease chemo-sensitivity and recent introduction of agents targeting angiogenesis and tumour genome instability. Advances in EOC research have allowed for a tailored treatment approach and accelerated development of novel treatments strategies from bench to bed side, anticipated to improve patient outcomes. Areas covered: Comprehensive review of growth factor receptor antagonists for EOC treatment currently in different stages of development was performed. English peer-reviewed articles and abstracts were searched in MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase and major conferences. We focused on agents that antagonize growth factors promoting sustained proliferative signaling, angiogenesis and evasion of immune destruction blocking the receptor or its stimulating factors. Expert opinion: Receptor signaling has been well characterized for most cancer generating pathways. Growth receptor antagonists are represented by both high receptor affinity monoclonal antibodies as well as tyrosine kinase inhibitors; both are especially effective when a related predictive biomarker of response is identified. Therefore, along with the promising development of novel receptor antagonists or modulators in EOC treatment, targeting essential growth pathways in the tumour and associated microenvironment, is fundamental for biomarker discovery and towards achieving significant improvements in response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Bonilla
- a Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , Toronto , Canada
| | - Amit Oza
- a Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , Toronto , Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Multipoint Kras oncogene mutations potentially indicate mucinous carcinoma on the entire spectrum of mucinous ovarian neoplasms. Oncotarget 2018; 7:82097-82103. [PMID: 27888800 PMCID: PMC5347677 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Kras mutation is a common phenomenon in many human neoplasms. We aimed to assess the Kras mutational status along the histological continuum from normal ovaries to the development of benign, borderline and malignant ovarian mucinous neoplasms. We analyzed 41 cases of malignant, 10 cases of borderline, 7 cases of benign mucinous ovarian tumors and 7 cases of normal ovarian tissue. The prevalence of Kras mutations in the normal ovary was 0.00% (n=0/7), while the prevalence in benign, borderline and malignant mucinous neoplasms was 57.14% (n=4/7), 90.00% (n=9/10) and 75.61% (n=31/41), respectively. Multiple Kras mutations were detected in 6 cases of mucinous carcinoma, including 5 double mutations with G13D/V14I (n=1), G12V/G13S (n=1), G12D/G13S (n=3) and one triple mutation with A11V/G13N/V14I (n=1). We identified six cases with 3 novel Kras mutations not previously described in the COSMIC database, which included A11V (n=3) and V14I (n=2) in mucinous carcinomas, and A11T (n=1) in a mucinous borderline tumor. In conclusion, Kras mutation appears to be one of the imperative events in the ovarian mucinous adenoma–borderline tumor–carcinoma sequence, as increased numbers of Kras mutations have been shown to be the strongest predictor of unequivocal malignancy in ovarian mucinous neoplasms.
Collapse
|
49
|
Ramroop JR, Stein MN, Drake JM. Impact of Phosphoproteomics in the Era of Precision Medicine for Prostate Cancer. Front Oncol 2018; 8:28. [PMID: 29503809 PMCID: PMC5820335 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men in the United States. While androgen deprivation therapy results in tumor responses initially, there is relapse and progression to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Currently, all prostate cancer patients receive essentially the same treatment, and there is a need for clinically applicable technologies to provide predictive biomarkers toward personalized therapies. Genomic analyses of tumors are used for clinical applications, but with a paucity of obvious driver mutations in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, other applications, such as phosphoproteomics, may complement this approach. Immunohistochemistry and reverse phase protein arrays are limited by the availability of reliable antibodies and evaluates a preselected number of targets. Mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics has been used to profile tumors consisting of thousands of phosphopeptides from individual patients after surgical resection or at autopsy. However, this approach is time consuming, and while a large number of candidate phosphopeptides are obtained for evaluation, limitations are reduced reproducibility, sensitivity, and precision. Targeted mass spectrometry can help eliminate these limitations and is more cost effective and less time consuming making it a practical platform for future clinical testing. In this review, we discuss the use of phosphoproteomics in prostate cancer and other clinical cancer tissues for target identification, hypothesis testing, and possible patient stratification. We highlight the majority of studies that have used phosphoproteomics in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines and propose ways forward to apply this approach in basic and clinical research. Overall, the implementation of phosphoproteomics via targeted mass spectrometry has tremendous potential to aid in the development of more rational, personalized therapies that will result in increased survival and quality of life enhancement in patients suffering from metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johnny R. Ramroop
- Cancer Metabolism and Growth Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Mark N. Stein
- Developmental Therapeutics/Phase I Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Justin M. Drake
- Cancer Metabolism and Growth Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Huang HC, Liu J, Baglo Y, Rizvi I, Anbil S, Pigula M, Hasan T. Mechanism-informed Repurposing of Minocycline Overcomes Resistance to Topoisomerase Inhibition for Peritoneal Carcinomatosis. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:508-520. [PMID: 29167313 PMCID: PMC5805648 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Mechanism-inspired drug repurposing that augments standard treatments offers a cost-effective and rapid route toward addressing the burgeoning problem of plateauing of effective therapeutics for drug-resistant micrometastases. We show that the antibiotic minocycline, by its ability to minimize DNA repair via reduced expression of tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase-1 (Tdp1), removes a key process attenuating the efficacy of irinotecan, a frequently used chemotherapeutic against metastatic disease. Moreover, minocycline and irinotecan cooperatively mitigate each other's undesired cytokine inductions of VEGF and IL8, respectively, thereby reinforcing the benefits of each modality. These mechanistic interactions result in synergistic enhancement of irinotecan-induced platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer cell death, reduced micrometastases in the omenta and mesentery by >75%, and an extended overall survival by 50% in a late-stage peritoneal carcinomatosis mouse model. Economic incentives and easy translatability make the repurposing of minocycline as a reinforcer of the topoisomerase class of chemotherapeutics extremely valuable and merits further investigations. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(2); 508-20. ©2017 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huang-Chiao Huang
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joyce Liu
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yan Baglo
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Imran Rizvi
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sriram Anbil
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- The University of Texas School of Medicine at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Michael Pigula
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|