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Ferrara F, Yan X, Pecorelli A, Guiotto A, Colella S, Pasqui A, Ivarrson J, Lynch S, Anderias S, Choundhary H, White S, Valacchi G. Combined exposure to UV and PM affect skin oxinflammatory responses and it is prevented by antioxidant mix topical application: Evidences from clinical study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38590207 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to environmental stressors like particulate matter (PM) and ultraviolet radiation (UV) induces cutaneous oxidative stress and inflammation and leads to skin barrier dysfunction and premature aging. Metals like iron or copper are abundant in PM and are known to contribute to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. AIMS Although it has been suggested that topical antioxidant may be able to help in preventing and/or reducing outdoor skin damage, limited clinical evidence under real-life exposure conditions have been reported. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability of a topical serum containing 15% ascorbic acid, 0.5% ferulic acid, and 1% tocopherol (CF Mix) to prevent oxinflammatory skin damage and premature aging induced by PM + UV in a human clinical trial. METHODS A 4-day single-blinded, clinical study was conducted on the back of 15 females (18-40 years old). During the 4 consecutive days, the back test zones were treated daily with or without the CF Mix, followed by with/without 2 h of PM and 5 min of UV daily exposure. RESULTS Application of the CF Mix prevented PM + UV-induced skin barrier perturbation (Involucrin and Loricrin), lipid peroxidation (4HNE), inflammatory markers (COX2, NLRP1, and AhR), and MMP9 activation. In addition, CF Mix was able to prevent Type I Collagen loss. CONCLUSION This is the first human study confirming the multipollutants cutaneous damage and suggesting the utility of a daily antioxidant topical application to prevent pollution induced skin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ferrara
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Xi Yan
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Clark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Anna Guiotto
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sante Colella
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - John Ivarrson
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Stephen Lynch
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Clark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Sara Anderias
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Clark, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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Benedusi M, Kerob D, Guiotto A, Cervellati F, Ferrara F, Pambianchi E. Topical Application of M89PF Containing Vichy Mineralising Water and Probiotic Fractions Prevents Cutaneous Damage Induced by Exposure to UV and O 3. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:1769-1776. [PMID: 37448587 PMCID: PMC10337690 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s414011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Exposure of the skin to ultraviolet radiation (UV) or ozone (O3) results in stressed skin, leading to the alteration of the skin physical barrier and defence functions. In this work, the preventive benefit of a dermocosmetic, M89PF, containing Vichy mineralising water, probiotic fractions, antioxidant vitamins and hyaluronic acid, in the alteration of skin physical barrier and skin defence functions after exposure to O3 and UV, alone or combined, was assessed. Methods Untreated and treated (M89PF) skin explants were exposed to O3, to UV rays or to O3+UV. Immunofluorescence was performed for skin barrier, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers after one and four days of exposure to the pollutants. Results M89PF significantly (p≤0.05) prevented the decrease of the expression level of different skin barrier markers, and significantly (p≤0.05) prevented the induction of OxInflammatory markers and inflammasome components by UV, O3, or both combined. Conclusion M89PF prevents skin barrier damage, as well as oxidative stress and inflammatory markers induced by exposome factors, such as UV, O3, or both combined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mascia Benedusi
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Anna Guiotto
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Franco Cervellati
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrara
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Erika Pambianchi
- North Carolina Research Campus, Plants for Human Health Institute, Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
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3
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Gruber JV, Holtz R. Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Disodium (PQQ2Na) Has an NLRP Inflammasome-Induced Caspase-1 Release Influence in UVB-Irradiated but Not ATP-Treated Human Keratinocytes but Has No Influence in Increasing Skin Cell Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Either Human Keratinocytes or Fibroblasts. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022; 15:107-115. [PMID: 35087283 PMCID: PMC8789319 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s343123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Pyrroloquinoline quinone is a bacterial-derived redox factor that has been shown to have numerous benefits in humans. Recently, a model for examining the ability of normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) to demonstrate anti-inflammatory benefits via nod-like receptor protein (NLRP)-activated caspase-1 release was reported. The question of whether PQQ2Na might have anti-inflammatory benefits that function through NLRP-activated release of active caspase-1 has not been explored. In addition, it has been reported that PQQ2Na will induce mitochondrial biogenesis in humans when taken orally. Whether or not this effect occurs in skin cells is presently unknown. Methods The inflammation studies followed previously published methods that demonstrated both UVB and ATP were able to upregulate the NLRP-activated release of caspase-1 in NHEKs. In addition, NHEK and normal dermal human fibroblasts (NHDF) were treated with PQQ2Na to see if the molecule might stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis measured by increased expression of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit A (SDHA). Results At non-cytotoxic concentrations between 5 µg/mL and 100 µg/mL in NHEKs and between 0.1 µg/mL and 5 µg/mL in fibroblasts, the PQQ2Na had no influence on cellular mitochondrial biogenesis. In ATP-activated NHEKs at concentrations of PQQ2Na between 0.05 µg/mL and 50 µg/mL, there was no influence of PQQ2Na on release of active caspase-1. In NHEKs irradiated with 60mJ/cm2 of UVB radiation as previously described and treated with 0.05 µg/mL to 50 µg/mL of PQQ2Na, the molecule showed a dose-dependent benefit at reducing the expression of active caspase-1 in the irradiated cells. Discussion Benefits of PQQ2Na on various skin cell types which had not been investigated previously were addressed. Surprisingly, the PPQ2Na had no apparent influence on skin cell mitochondrial biogenesis. However, the molecule has a strong suppressing influence on UVB-induced active caspase-1 release in UVB-irradiated NHEKs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Holtz
- BioInnovation Laboratories, Inc., Denver, CO, USA
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4
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Abstract
SUMMARY Exposure to air pollutants has been now associated with detrimental effects on a variety of organs, including the heart, lungs, GI tract, and brain. However, recently it has become clear that pollutant exposure can also promote the development/exacerbation of a variety of skin conditions, including premature aging, psoriasis, acne, and atopic dermatitis. Although the molecular mechanisms by which pollutant exposure results in these cutaneous pathological manifestations, it has been noticed that an inflammatory status is a common denominator of all those skin conditions. For this reason, recently, the activation of a cytosolic multiprotein complex involved in inflammatory responses (the inflammasome) that could promote the maturation of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 has been hypothesized to play a key role in pollution-induced skin damage. In this review, we summarize and propose the cutaneous inflammasome as a novel target of pollutant exposure and the eventual usage of inflammasome inhibitor as new technologies to counteract pollution-induced skin damage. Possibly, the ability to inhibit the inflammasome activation could prevent cutaneous inflammaging and ameliorate the health and appearance of the skin.
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Therapeutic Effects of Dipterocarpus tuberculatus with High Antioxidative Activity Against UV-Induced Photoaging of NHDF Cells and Nude Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050791. [PMID: 34067673 PMCID: PMC8157063 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the therapeutic effects of methanol extracts of Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. (MED) against UV-induced photoaging, we assessed for alterations in the antioxidant activity, anti-apoptotic effects, ECM modulation, skin appearances, and anti-inflammatory response in normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) cells and nude mice orally treated with MED. High levels of tannin content and high free radical scavenging activity to DPPH were determined in MED, while seven active components, namely, gallic acid, bergenin, ellagic acid, ε-viniferin, asiatic acid, oleanolic acid, and 2α-hydroxyursolic acid, were identified using LC–MS analyses. UV-induced alterations in the NO concentration, SOD activity, and Nrf2 expression were remarkably recovered in MED-treated NHDF cells. Moreover, the decreased number of apoptotic cells and G2/M phase arrest were observed in the UV + MED-treated groups. Similar recoveries were detected for β-galactosidase, MMP-2/9 expression, and intracellular elastase activity. Furthermore, MED treatment induced suppression of the COX-2-induced iNOS mediated pathway, expression of inflammatory cytokines, and inflammasome activation in UV-radiated NHDF cells. The anti-photoaging effects observed in NHDF cells were subsequently evaluated and validated in UV + MED-treated nude mice through skin phenotypes and histopathological structure analyses. Taken together, these results indicate that MED exerts therapeutic effects against UV-induced photoaging and has the potential for future development as a treatment for photoaging.
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Liu C, Li H, Xu F, Jiang X, Ma H, Seeram NP. Cannabidiol Protects Human Skin Keratinocytes from Hydrogen-Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress via Modulation of the Caspase-1-IL-1β Axis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:1563-1572. [PMID: 33955754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical and clinical studies support cannabidiol (CBD)'s antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which are linked to its skin protective effects, but there have been limited mechanistic studies reported. Herein we evaluated CBD's protective effects against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells and explored its possible mechanism(s) of action. CBD (10 μM) protected HaCaT cells by alleviating H2O2 (200 μM)-induced cytotoxicity (by 11.3%) and reactive oxygen species (total- and mitochondrial-derived). Several NLRP3 inflammasome-related genes including CASP1 and IL1B were identified as potential molecular targets for CBD's antioxidant effects by multiplexed gene and network pharmacology analyses. CBD treatment down-regulated the mRNA expression levels of CASP1 and IL1B (by 32.9 and 51.0%, respectively) and reduced IL-1β level (by 16.2%) in H2O2-stimulated HaCaT cells. Furthermore, CBD inhibited the activity of caspase-1 enzyme (by 15.7%) via direct binding to caspase-1 protein, which was supported by data from a biophysical binding assay (surface plasmon resonance) and a computational docking experiment. In addition, CBD mitigated H2O2-induced pyroptosis (capase-1-mediated cell death) and apoptosis by 23.6 and 44.0%, respectively. The findings from the current study suggest that CBD exerts protective effects in human keratinocytes via the modulation of the caspase-1-IL-1β axis, supporting its potential skin health applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Huifang Li
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Feng Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Xian Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Laboratory of Dermatology, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology (CIII), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hang Ma
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Navindra P Seeram
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
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7
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Gruber JV, Holtz R. Purified Cannabidiol isolate does not inhibit active caspase-1 release in NLRP inflammasome-mediated UVB or ATP-activated keratinocytes or appear to reduce key inflammatory cytokines in UVB-irradiate keratinocytes. Int J Cosmet Sci 2021; 43:283-291. [PMID: 33559194 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cannabidiol is a plant-derived cannabinoid that has been suggested to have several human health benefits including potential anti-inflammatory effects. It is now common to find various forms of Cannabidiol, most often referred to as CBD, in nutritional supplements and topical treatments. The mechanisms by which CBD can influence inflammatory pathways in the body, and more particularly in the skin, are presently still unclear. It is known that CBD will bind to cannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2, in the body and recent work has shown that in keratinocytes, CBD can regulate inflammation through transcriptional regulation involving the NFƙβ nuclear pathways. The fact that CBD operates through the NFƙβ pathways suggests that, perhaps, the molecule may influence the expression of active caspase-1 through NLRP inflammasome-mediated pathways. METHODS Recently, work has published demonstrating that Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes (NHEKs) can be activated by UVB and ATP to express active caspase-1 via NLRP inflammasome-mediated pathways. There was a strong interest to see whether highly purified Cannabidiol Isolate (>99% purity) might function to control release of active caspase-1 by testing of NHEKs using the previously described models. In addition, NHEKs expression of non-NLRP inflammasome-induced inflammation markers including IL-6, IL-8 and PGE2 was examined in UVB-activated NHEKs. RESULTS It was found that purified Cannabidiol Isolate did not influence active caspase-1 release in either UVB or ATP-activated NHEKs suggesting the molecule does not influence the NLRP inflammasome pathways. In addition, it was surprisingly found that the Cannabidiol Isolate did not impact the expression of additional UVB-activated non-NLRP inflammatory markers. CONCLUSIONS Data presented suggest that if Cannabidiol functions as an anti-inflammatory, it does so through pathways not associated with either the NLRP inflammasome-mediated expression of caspase-1 or through the more commonly known expression of interleukin or prostaglandin inflammatory pathways.
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8
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Chiu LY, Wu NL, Hung CF, Bai P, Dai YS, Lin WW. PARP-1 involves in UVB-induced inflammatory response in keratinocytes and skin injury via regulation of ROS-dependent EGFR transactivation and p38 signaling. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21393. [PMID: 33570794 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002285rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
UV irradiation can injure the epidermis, resulting in sunburn, inflammation, and cutaneous tissue disorders. Previous studies demonstrate that EGFR in keratinocytes can be activated by UVB and contributes to inflammation. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is a nuclear enzyme and plays an essential role in DNA repair under moderate stress. In this study, we set out to understand how PARP-1 regulates UVB irradiation-induced skin injury and interplays with EGFR to mediate the inflammation response. We found that PARP-1 deficiency exacerbated the UVB-induced inflammation, water loss, and back skin damage in mice. In human primary keratinocytes, UVB can activate PARP-1 and enhance DNA damage upon PARP-1 gene silencing. Moreover, PARP-1 silencing and PARP inhibitor olaparib can suppress UVB-induced COX-2 and MMP-1 expression, but enhance TNF-α and IL-8 expression. In addition, EGFR silencing or EGFR inhibition by gefitinib can decrease UVB-induced COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-8 expression, suggesting EGFR activation via paracrine action can mediate UVB-induced inflammation responses. Immunoblotting data revealed that PARP-1 inhibition decreases UVB-induced EGFR and p38 activation. Pharmacological inhibition of p38 also dramatically led to the attenuation of UVB-induced inflammatory gene expression. Of note, genetic ablation of PARP-1 or EGFR can attenuate UVB-induced ROS production, and antioxidant NAC can attenuate UVB-induced EGFR-p38 signaling axis and PARP-1 activation. These data suggest the regulatory loops among EGFR, PARP-1, and ROS upon UVB stress. PARP-1 not only serves DNA repair function but also orchestrates interactions to EGFR transactivation and ROS production, leading to p38 signaling for inflammatory gene expression in keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ya Chiu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Lin Wu
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Feng Hung
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary.,Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Yang-Shia Dai
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Wan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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9
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De Martinis M, Ginaldi L, Sirufo MM, Bassino EM, De Pietro F, Pioggia G, Gangemi S. IL-33/Vitamin D Crosstalk in Psoriasis-Associated Osteoporosis. Front Immunol 2021; 11:604055. [PMID: 33488605 PMCID: PMC7819870 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.604055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with psoriasis (Pso) and, in particular, psoriatic arthritis (PsoA) have an increased risk of developing osteoporosis (OP). It has been shown that OP is among the more common pathologies associated with Pso, mainly due to the well-known osteopenizing conditions coexisting in these patients. Pso and OP share common risk factors, such as vitamin D deficiency and chronic inflammation. Interestingly, the interleukin (IL)-33/ST2 axis, together with vitamin D, is closely related to both Pso and OP. Vitamin D and the IL-33/ST2 signaling pathways are closely involved in bone remodeling, as well as in skin barrier pathophysiology. The production of anti-osteoclastogenic cytokines, e.g., IL-4 and IL-10, is promoted by IL-33 and vitamin D, which are stimulators of both regulatory and Th2 cells. IL-33, together with other Th2 cytokines, shifts osteoclast precursor differentiation towards macrophage and dendritic cells and inhibits receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis by regulating the expression of anti-osteoclastic genes. However, while the vitamin D protective functions in OP and Pso have been definitively ascertained, the overall effect of IL-33 on bone and skin homeostasis, because of its pleiotropic action, is still controversial. Emerging evidence suggests a functional link between vitamin D and the IL-33/ST2 axis, which acts through hormonal influences and immune-mediated effects, as well as cellular and metabolic functions. Based on the actions of vitamin D and IL-33 in Pso and OP, here, we hypothesize the role of their crosstalk in the pathogenesis of both these pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo De Martinis
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Lia Ginaldi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Maria Maddalena Sirufo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Enrica Maria Bassino
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesca De Pietro
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Chen W, Wei T, Chen Y, Yang L, Wu X. Downregulation of IRAK1 Prevents the Malignant Behavior of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Blocking Activation of the MAPKs/NLRP3/IL-1β Pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:12787-12796. [PMID: 33363384 PMCID: PMC7751837 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s260793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) was shown to contribute to a variety of cancer-related processes. However, the function of IRAK1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis has not been investigated in detail. METHODS IRAK1 expression in HCC was examined by immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR, and Western blot assays. In addition, Huh7 and Hep3B cells were transfected with IRAK1 siRNAs and/or a NOD-like receptor family pyrindomain containing 3 (NLRP3) plasmid. Western blot, EdU staining, and Transwell assays were performed to determine changes of apoptosis, proliferation, migration, and invasion in HCC cells. Moreover, changes in the expression of proteins involved in the MAPKs/NLRP3/IL-1β pathway were confirmed by Western blotting. RESULTS IRAK1 was found to be highly upregulated in HCC tissues and cells. Knockdown of IRAK1 signaling prevented the proliferation, invasion, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HCC cells. Mechanistically, we found that activation of the MAPKs/NLRP3/IL-1β pathway could be markedly suppressed by IRAK1 knockdown in HCC cells. Furthermore, our data showed that NLRP3 could partially reverse the reduced aggressive biological behaviors of HCC cells which were caused by RAK1 knockdown. CONCLUSION Knockdown of IRAK1 prevented HCC progression by inhibiting the ability of NLRP3 to block the MAPKs/IL-1β pathway, suggesting that approach as a strategy for treating HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Oncology, People’s Hospital of Huadu District, Guangzhou510800, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Wei
- Department of Oncology, People’s Hospital of Huadu District, Guangzhou510800, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinghua Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510515, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Laser Beauty, People’s Hospital of Huadu District, Guangzhou510800, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- Department of Oncology, People’s Hospital of Huadu District, Guangzhou510800, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Ferrara F, Pambianchi E, Woodby B, Messano N, Therrien JP, Pecorelli A, Canella R, Valacchi G. Evaluating the effect of ozone in UV induced skin damage. Toxicol Lett 2020; 338:40-50. [PMID: 33279629 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Air pollution represents one of the main risks for both environment and human health. The rapid urbanization has been leading to a continuous release of harmful manmade substances into the atmosphere which are associated to the exacerbation of several pathologies. The skin is the main barrier of our body against the external environment and it is the main target for the outdoor stressors. Among the pollutants, Ozone (O3) is one of the most toxic, able to initiate oxidative reactions and activate inflammatory response, leading to the onset of several skin conditions. Moreover, skin is daily subjected to the activity of Ultraviolet Radiation which are well known to induce harmful cutaneous effects including skin aging and sunburn. Even though both UV and O3 are able to affect the skin homeostasis, very few studies have investigated their possible additive effect. Therefore, in this study we evaluated the effect of the combined exposure of O3 and UV in inducing skin damage, by exposing human skin explants to UV alone or in combination with O3 for 4-days. Markers related to inflammation, redox homeostasis and tissue structure were analyzed. Our results demonstrated that O3 is able to amplify the UV induced skin oxinflammation markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ferrara
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States; Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Erika Pambianchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States
| | - Brittany Woodby
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States
| | - Nicolo' Messano
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States
| | | | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States
| | - Rita Canella
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States; Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Kyung Hee University, Department of Food and Nutrition, South Korea.
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12
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Retinol Has a Skin Dehydrating Effect That Can Be Improved by a Mixture of Water-Soluble Polysaccharides. COSMETICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics7040080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It is common that retinoids used in skincare can cause skin dryness, irritation and redness which is a complaint for the use of these molecules in skincare formulations. Objective: to investigate the influence of a mixture of polysaccharides to improve retinol-based formulations in a 12-day inner volar forearm study. Methods: in total, 22 inner volar forearms were treated over a 12-day topical application of a Placebo formulation containing 0.5% retinol verses a formulation containing 0.5% retinol and 3.0% of a complex of polysaccharides. Application occurred 2X/day in the morning and evening. Skin testing included barrier disruption, erythema, and skin hydration. After a 3-day regression of treatment, skin hydration was measured again. Results: the 0.5% retinol Placebo formulation showed a significant impact on skin dehydration compared to untreated control or polysaccharide-treated areas. The formulation containing retinol and 3.0% of the polysaccharides, maintained skin hydration levels comparable to the untreated control. Neither formulation had a statistically significant impact on skin erythema or barrier disruption. After the 3-day regression, the polysaccharide mixture continued to demonstrate significant moisturization benefits superior to the untreated and active-treated sites. Conclusions: a mixture of polysaccharides was able to mitigate the short-term skin drying effects of retinol and continued to moisturize the skin after a 3-Day regression.
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Bian H, Wang G, Huang J, Liang L, Zheng Y, Wei Y, Wang H, Xiao L, Wang H. Dihydrolipoic acid protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced behavioral deficits and neuroinflammation via regulation of Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 signaling in rat. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:166. [PMID: 32450903 PMCID: PMC7249417 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01836-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, depression has been identified as a prevalent and severe mental disorder. However, the mechanisms underlying the depression risk remain elusive. The neuroinflammation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation are known to be involved in the pathology of depression. Dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) has been reported as a strong antioxidant and exhibits anti-inflammatory properties in various diseases, albeit the direct relevance between DHLA and depression is yet unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the preventive effect and potential mechanism of DHLA in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sickness behavior in rats. Methods Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were utilized. LPS and DHLA were injected intraperitoneally every 2 days and daily, respectively. Fluoxetine (Flu) was injected intraperitoneally daily. PD98059, an inhibitor of ERK, was injected intraperitoneally 1 h before DHLA injection daily. Small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) for nuclear factor erythroid 2-like (Nrf2) was injected into the bilateral hippocampus 14 days before the DHLA injection. Depression-like behavior tests were performed. Western blot and immunofluorescence staining detected the ERK/Nrf2/HO-1/ROS/NLRP3 pathway-related proteins. Results The DHLA and fluoxetine treatment exerted preventive effects in LPS-induced sickness behavior rats. The DHLA treatment increased the expression of ERK, Nrf2, and HO-1 but decreased the ROS generation levels and reduced the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β in LPS-induced sickness behavior rats. PD98059 abolished the effects of DHLA on preventive effect as well as the levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins. Similarly, Nrf2 siRNA reversed the preventive effect of DHLA administration via the decreased expression of HO-1. Conclusions These findings suggested that DHLA exerted a preventive effect via ERK/Nrf2/HO-1/ROS/NLRP3 pathway in LPS-induced sickness behavior rats. Thus, DHLA may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hetao Bian
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238#, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Gaohua Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238#, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Junjie Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238#, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Liang Liang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238#, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yage Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238#, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yanyan Wei
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238#, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238#, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ling Xiao
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238#, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Huiling Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238#, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China
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Mendes ALG, Joaquim HDM, Zamae MIS, Assis RM, Peixoto JRDM, de Araújo MMG, Guedes ACM, Oliveira EJ, Magalhães VP, Pascoal-Xavier MA. Expression of NLRP3 inflammasome in leprosy indicates immune evasion of Mycobacterium leprae. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2020; 115:e190324. [PMID: 32130367 PMCID: PMC7046136 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760190324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leprosy is an infectious-contagious disease caused by Mycobacterium
leprae that remain endemic in 105 countries. This neglected
disease has a wide range of clinical and histopathological manifestations
that are related to the host inflammatory and immune responses. More
recently, the inflammasome has assumed a relevant role in the inflammatory
response against microbiological agents. However, the involvement of
inflammasome in leprosy remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVES The aim is to associate biomarkers of inflammasome with the different
immunopathological forms of leprosy. METHODS We performed an observational, cross-sectional, and comparative study of the
immunophenotypic expression of inflammasome-associated proteins in
immunopathological forms of leprosy of 99 skin lesion samples by
immunohistochemistry. The intensity and percentage of NLRP3, Caspase-1,
Caspases-4/5, interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 immunoreactivities in the
inflammatory infiltrate of skin biopsies were evaluated. FINDINGS Strong expression of NLRP3 and inflammatory Caspases-4/5 were observed in
lepromatous leprosy (lepromatous pole). In addition, were observed low
expression of caspase-1, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-18 in tuberculoid
and lepromatous leprosy. The interpolar or borderline form showed
immunophenotype predominantly similar to the lepromatous pole. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that the NLRP3 inflammasome is inactive in leprosy,
suggesting immune evasion of M. leprae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luisa Gomes Mendes
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Anatomia Patológica e Medicina Legal, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Heloísa Di Matteo Joaquim
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Anatomia Patológica e Medicina Legal, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Mara Inês Stefanini Zamae
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Anatomia Patológica e Medicina Legal, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Ramon Meira Assis
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Anatomia Patológica e Medicina Legal, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Jéssica Renata de Moura Peixoto
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Anatomia Patológica e Medicina Legal, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Margarida Maria Gomes de Araújo
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Anatomia Patológica e Medicina Legal, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Antônio Carlos Martins Guedes
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Edward José Oliveira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto René Rachou, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | | | - Marcelo Antônio Pascoal-Xavier
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Anatomia Patológica e Medicina Legal, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.,Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto René Rachou, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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15
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Gruber JV, Stojkoska V. NLRP inflammasomes and induced skin inflammation, barrier recovery and extended skin hydration. Int J Cosmet Sci 2019; 42:68-78. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. V. Gruber
- BotanicalsPlus 163 E Main St Little Falls NJ 07424 USA
| | - V. Stojkoska
- BotanicalsPlus 163 E Main St Little Falls NJ 07424 USA
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