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Taher WT, Bawazir AA, Sallam TA, Alsurimi K. Seroprevalence and factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers: cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:761. [PMID: 37932664 PMCID: PMC10626741 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08760-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at a higher risk of contracting COVID-19 due to their close contact with infected patients. However, the true burden of COVID-19 among HCWs in Yemen is unknown due to the inadequate availability of healthcare and the subclinical nature of the disease. This study aims to estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCWs in two Yemeni governorates and identify associated factors using a cross-sectional design. METHOD A total of 404 HCWs were surveyed from June 2022 to September 2022 in Lahj and AL-Dhalea hospitals. A self-administered questionnaire collected demographic data, COVID-19 infection history, and vaccination status. A total of 404 human sera were tested using a specific electrochemiluminescence immunoassay assay. Association analysis was conducted to identify associations between antibody prevalence and demographic and vaccine-related variables. RESULT The median age of the HCWs was 31 (Range 20-64) years, with 65.0% being male and 35.0% female. Of all HCWs, 94% were SARS-CoV-2 seropositive and 77.0% had no confirmed test of COVID-19-related symptoms. There was no significant association between seropositivity and demographic factors such as age, gender, occupation, or COVID-19 vaccination (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 was high among HCWs in Yemen, primarily due to natural infection rather than vaccination. Compliance with infection prevention and control measures did not significantly affect seropositivity. This study highlights the need for improved healthcare systems and resources to reduce the burden of COVID-19 and promote infection prevention and control (IPC) measures among HCWs in Yemen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Watheq Thabet Taher
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Aden, Aden, Republic of Yemen
| | - Amen A Bawazir
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Aden, Aden, Republic of Yemen.
- College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Talal A Sallam
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Baha University, Al Bahah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Helou M, Zoghbi S, El Osta N, Mina J, Mokhbat J, Husni R. COVID-19 infection and seroconversion rates in healthcare workers in Lebanon: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32992. [PMID: 37115042 PMCID: PMC10143398 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is a recent pandemic. Healthcare workers (HCW) are at high risk of acquiring the infection and transmitting it to others. Seroprevalence for COVID-19 among HCW varies between countries, hospitals in the same country and even among different departments in the same hospital. In this study, we aim to determine the prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibodies and the seroconversion among the HCW in our hospital. A total of 203 HCW were included. The rate of conversion to seropositive was 19.7% in total, with a rate of 13.4% in female versus 25% in male. The seropositivity in the House keeping group was 83%, followed by 45% in the COVID Floor while the seropositivity in the Anesthesia was 4% and the Infection Control 0%. The highest seropositivity rate in the COVID floor, and in the intensive care unit was explained by the long time spent with the patients. While in the inhalation team and the anesthesia, the lower rates of seropositivity was due to the N95 mask wearing the whole time. Seropositivity for COVID-19 in HCW is a major public health concern. Policies should be implemented to better protect HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Helou
- Division of Emergency, Department of Internal Medicine, Lebanese American University, School of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sanaa Zoghbi
- Division of Infection Control, Lebanese American University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nour El Osta
- Division of Emergency, Department of Internal Medicine, Lebanese American University, School of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jonathan Mina
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Lebanese American University, School of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jacques Mokhbat
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Lebanese American University, School of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rola Husni
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Lebanese American University, School of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
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Mohamed AA, Abd-Elsalam S, Abdelghani A, Hassan MB, Ghaith D, Ezzat O, El-Damasy DA, Madbouli NN, Hamada M, Elkady MAK, Al-Tabbakh ASM, Eshra KAE, Baiomy N. Human ACE-2, MCP1 and micro-RNA 146 as Novel Markers for COVID- 19 Affection and Severity. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2023; 23:e290822208187. [PMID: 36043754 DOI: 10.2174/1871526522666220829153042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Coronavirus disease - 2019 (COVID-19) is a major pandemic that causes high morbidity and mortality rates. AIM OF THIS STUDY to detect the relations between many risk factors, ACE-2, MCP-1, Micro RNA 146 gene expression, and COVID-19 infection and disease severity. METHODS This study was carried out on 165 cases of COVID-19 and 138 controls. ACE2 and MCP1 levels were measured in COVID-19 cases and control by ELISA and micro-RNA-146 expression by PCR. RESULTS We found an increased blood level of ACE2 and MCP1 in COVID- 19 patients than in healthy persons and a significant down-regulation of micro-RNA 146 gene expression in cases than in controls. There was a significant correlation between increased blood level of ACE2, regulation of micro-RNA 146 gene expression and severity of lung affection, a significant correlation was found between increased blood level of MCP1 and thrombosis in COVID-19 patients. Neurological complications were significantly correlated with more viral load, more ACE2 blood level, and down regulation of micro RNA146 expression. CONCLUSION High viral load, increased blood level of ACE2, and down-regulation of micro-RNA 146 expression are associated with more severe lung injury and the presence of neurologic complications like convulsions and coma in COVID-19 Egyptian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Ahmed Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Hepatology & Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherief Abd-Elsalam
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdelghani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Badr Hassan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa Ghaith
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omnia Ezzat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia Ali El-Damasy
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Mohmoud Hamada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Al-Shaimaa M Al-Tabbakh
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | | | - Nivin Baiomy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Dandachi I, Aljabr W. Prognosis of COVID-19 in the middle eastern population, knowns and unknowns. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:974205. [PMID: 36118201 PMCID: PMC9471247 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.974205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its emergence in China in 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has affected all countries worldwide. The virus is easily transmitted from one person to another via infected aerosols or contaminated surfaces. Unlike its counterparts, the prognosis of COVID-19 ranges from asymptomatic to critical disease or death. Several factors play a role in determining the severity of the disease in infected patients. Among others, is the pre-existence of an underlying medical condition such as diabetes, cancer, and others. Furthermore, although children are less prone to the severe form of the COVID-19 disease, they require attention due to the report of many atypical presentations of the infection, post-asymptomatic exposure. In the Middle East, little is known about the prognosis of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in high-risk categories, notably patients with diabetes, cancer, and pregnant women. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about this group of population in the middle eastern region as well as to highlight the gap in the literature. We have found that the majority of the papers were from the Gulf countries. Although, few studies were conducted; high-risk patients appear to have an increased risk of morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 compared to their counterparts. Higher levels of inflammatory markers, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, D-dimer, and ferritin levels were also observed. Children are often asymptomatic or present with atypical presentations. More studies should be conducted to determine the clinical biomarkers of COVID-19 in high-risk categories to help in patient risk stratification and management in the middle eastern population.
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Massi MN, Abidin RS, Farouk AE, Halik H, Soraya GV, Hidayah N, Sjahril R, Handayani I, Hakim MS, Gazali FM, Setiawaty V, Wibawa T. Full-genome sequencing and mutation analysis of SARS-CoV-2 isolated from Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13522. [PMID: 35707124 PMCID: PMC9190667 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction A global surge in SARS-CoV-2 cases is occurring due to the emergence of new disease variants, and requires continuous adjustment of public health measures. This study aims to continuously monitor and mitigate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 through genomic surveillance, to determine the emergence of variants and their impact on public health. Methods Data were collected from 50 full-genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 isolates from Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Mutation and phylogenetic analysis was performed of SARS-CoV-2 from Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Results Phylogenetic analysis showed that two samples (4%) were of the B.1.319 lineage, while the others (96%) were of the B.1.466.2 lineage. Mutation analysis of the spike (S) protein region showed that the most common mutation was D614G (found in 100% of the sequenced isolates), followed by N439K (98%) and P681R (76%). Several mutations were also identified in other genomes with a high frequency, including P323L (nsp12), Q57H (ns3-orf3a), and T205I (nucleoprotein). Conclusion Our findings highlight the importance of continuous genomic surveillance to identify new viral mutations and variants with possible impacts on public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nasrum Massi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia,Microbiology Laboratory, Hasanuddin University Hospital, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia,Hasanuddin University Medical Research Center Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
| | - Rufika Shari Abidin
- Hasanuddin University Medical Research Center Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
| | - Abd-ElAziem Farouk
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif City, Al-Hawiyya, Saudi Arabia
| | - Handayani Halik
- Hasanuddin University Medical Research Center Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia,Mega Rezky University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
| | - Gita Vita Soraya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
| | - Najdah Hidayah
- Hasanuddin University Medical Research Center Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
| | - Rizalinda Sjahril
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia,Microbiology Laboratory, Hasanuddin University Hospital, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
| | - Irda Handayani
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
| | - Mohamad Saifudin Hakim
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Faris Muhammad Gazali
- Master Program in Biotechnology, Postgraduate School, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Vivi Setiawaty
- National Institute for Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tri Wibawa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Biological Factors in the Workplace-Current Threats to Employees, the Effects of Infections, Prevention Options. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095592. [PMID: 35564987 PMCID: PMC9099500 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases or communicable diseases are spread from person to person by various routs [...].
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Basso P, Negro C, Cegolon L, Larese Filon F. Risk of Vaccine Breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Associated Factors in Healthcare Workers of Trieste Teaching Hospitals (North-Eastern Italy). Viruses 2022; 14:336. [PMID: 35215930 PMCID: PMC8875653 DOI: 10.3390/v14020336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are particularly exposed to biological risk, including SARS-CoV-2 infection. In order to contrast the current pandemic and alleviate the burden of the disease on the healthcare system, a mass vaccination campaign against COVID-19 has been launched worldwide. Aim To evaluate the impact of COVID-19 vaccination in HCWs exposed to SARS-CoV-2, to describe the clinical presentation of COVID-19 in infected HCWs, and to investigate clinical and occupational risk factors for breakthrough infection. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Methods: The cohort of HCWs of Trieste Hospitals were followed up from 1 March 2020, to 30 November 2021 (21 months). All HCWs were periodically screened for SARS-CoV-2 infection by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) analysis. Clinical data were obtained through routine medical surveillance records. Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection were investigated by univariable as well as multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: Among 4394 HCWs routinely screened for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR on nasopharyngeal swab, a total of 800 incident cases were identified during the entire study period (1 March 2020 to 30 November 2021). Five hundred and sixty-four cases occurred before, and 236 after the start of the vaccination campaign against COVID-19, of whom 155 received a complete vaccination scheme before SARS-CoV-2 infection. Breakthrough infection was featured by mild or no symptoms and was significantly associated with the male sex, BMI > 25, and diabetes mellitus. Some categories of HCWs (physicians and nurse aids/auxiliary personnel) were at a higher risk of breakthrough infection. Conclusions: Fully vaccinated HCWs were less likely to acquire symptomatic as well as asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection after a full COVID-19 vaccination scheme included the male gender, diabetes mellitus, and overweight. HCWs with higher exposure to COVID-19 patients were at higher risk of breakthrough infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Basso
- Department of Medical, Surgical & Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy; (P.B.); (C.N.); (F.L.F.)
| | - Corrado Negro
- Department of Medical, Surgical & Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy; (P.B.); (C.N.); (F.L.F.)
- Clinical Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Cegolon
- Department of Medical, Surgical & Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy; (P.B.); (C.N.); (F.L.F.)
- Public Health Department, University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), 34128 Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesca Larese Filon
- Department of Medical, Surgical & Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy; (P.B.); (C.N.); (F.L.F.)
- Clinical Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy
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Polastri M. Getting infected with SARS-CoV-2. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERAPY AND REHABILITATION 2022. [DOI: 10.12968/ijtr.2021.0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Polastri
- Department of Continuity of Care and Disability, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St Orsola University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
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