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Eyi S, Ünver S, Yıldırım M, Çulha İ. The Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence and Fear of Pain in Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery. J Perianesth Nurs 2024; 39:263-269. [PMID: 37943189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopan.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the effect of emotional intelligence levels on the fear of pain for patients undergoing surgical intervention. DESIGN This descriptive and cross-sectional study consisted of 254 patients. METHODS Data were collected using the Personal Characteristics Information Form, Modified Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale, Fear of Pain Questionnaire-III, and Numerical Pain Form. A correlational analysis was performed. FINDINGS The mean age of patients was 47.33 ± 17.70 years, and 57.9% (n = 147) were female. More than half of the patients (n = 174) were experiencing a certain degree of preoperative pain. A positive and statistically significant correlation was observed between the mean scores of the Fear of Pain Questionnaire-III and the Emotional Intelligence Scale. Female patients had significantly more fear of pain and higher scores in the Fear of Pain Questionnaire-III (optimism/mood regulation, utilization of emotions) and the Emotional Intelligence Scale. CONCLUSIONS The patients who manage "optimism/mood regulation" and have increasing levels of Emotional Intelligence could have a relatively higher fear of experiencing severe pain in the preoperative period. Despite the fear of experiencing severe pain, the patients tried to turn this negative situation into a positive one, as the dimensions of their emotional intelligence that provide and manage optimism/mood regulation were at a high level. The increasing level of Emotional Intelligence and "appraisal of emotions" might result in a decrease in the levels of fear of "minor pain" and "medical pain".
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Affiliation(s)
- Semra Eyi
- Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Surgical Nursing, Eskişehir, Türkiye.
| | - Seher Ünver
- Trakya University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Surgical Nursing, Edirne, Türkiye.
| | - Meltem Yıldırım
- Research group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O). Faculty of Health Sciences and Welfare. Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS). University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC). Institute for Research and Innovation in Life Sciences and Health in Central Catalonia (IRIS-CC), Vic, Spain.
| | - İlkay Çulha
- Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Surgical Nursing, Bilecik, Türkiye.
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Üstünel F, Tura İ, Akçam AT, Erden S. The Effect of Preoperative Fear of Pain on Postoperative Pain Levels and the Amount of Analgesic Consumption. Pain Manag Nurs 2023; 24:617-621. [PMID: 37302944 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2023.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preoperative fear of pain can increase the surgical stress response along with anxiety, increasing postoperative pain and the amount of analgesia consumption. AIMS To determine the effect of preoperative fear of pain on postoperative pain level and analgesic consumption. DESIGN A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used. METHODS A total of 532 patients who were scheduled for a variety of surgical procedures in a tertiary hospital were included in the study. Data were collected using Patient Identification Information Form and Fear of Pain Questionnaire-III. RESULTS 86.1% of the patients thought that they would experience postoperative pain, and 70% of the patients reported moderate-to-severe postoperative pain. The examination of the postoperative first 24-hour pain levels indicated that there was a significant positive correlation between patients' pain levels within 0-2 hours and their mean scores on the fear of severe and minor pain sub-dimensions and the total scale and between pain experienced within 3-8 hours and their scores on the fear of severe pain sub-dimension (p <.05). Also, a significant positive correlation was found between patients' mean scores on the total fear of pain scale and the amount of nonopioid (diclofenac sodium) consumption (p <0.05). CONCLUSIONS The fear of pain increased patients' postoperative pain levels, and thus the amount of analgesic consumption. Therefore, patients' fear of pain should be determined in the preoperative period, and pain management practices should be initiated in this period. As a matter of fact, effective pain management will positively affect patient outcomes by reducing the amount of analgesic consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatmagül Üstünel
- Cukurova University, Balcalı Hospital Health Practice Center, Nephrology Clinic, Balcalı Campus, Adana, Turkey
| | - İlknur Tura
- Cukurova University, Department of Nursing (RN, MsN)
| | - Atılgan Tolga Akçam
- Cukurova University, Balcalı Hospital Health Practice Center, Surgical Sciences, Department of General Surgery, Balcalı Campus, Adana, Turkey
| | - Sevilay Erden
- Cukurova University, Balcalı Hospital Health Practice Center, Nephrology Clinic, Balcalı Campus, Adana, Turkey.
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Tuncay S, Sarman A, Budak Y. SuperKid makes it easier: Effect of an intervention prepared with cognitive behavioral technique on reducing fear and pain of children during intravenous insertion. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 73:e164-e171. [PMID: 37591703 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioral SuperKid intervention, in reducing fear and pain among children undergoing intravenous insertion in outpatient services. DESIGN AND METHODS This study was designed as a randomized controlled trial, with 96 children aged 5-7 years. SuperKid intervention employed cognitive-behavioral techniques, implemented through a set of prepared cards. Fear was assessed using the Child Fear Scale, while pain status was measured using the Wong Baker Face Pain Scale. Scoring was performed by the mother, child, and researcher. Time series tests were conducted using the Wilks Lambda test. RESULTS Most children in both the experimental and control groups reported fear regarding hospital procedures, particularly those involving pain and separation from their mothers. However, children in the experimental group who underwent the SuperKid intervention during and after IV insertion procedure experienced significantly less fear and pain than those in the control group. CONCLUSIONS SuperKid intervention was found to be effective in reducing the procedural fear and pain of children undergoing intravenous insertion in outpatient services. The utilization of cognitive-behavioral techniques through a set of prepared cards provides an accessible and engaging means of alleviating negative emotional experiences among children undergoing medical/nursing procedures. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS SuperKid intervention can potentially improve children's attitudes toward medical care and make future procedures easier for them. Healthcare providers could consider incorporating cognitive-behavioral interventions, such as the SuperKid intervention, into their clinical practice to reduce the fear and pain experienced by children during medical/nursing procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suat Tuncay
- Bingöl University, Faculty of Health Science, Department of Pediatric Nursing, Bingöl, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Sarman
- Bingöl University, Faculty of Health Science, Department of Pediatric Nursing, Bingöl, Turkey.
| | - Yusuf Budak
- Bingöl University, Faculty of Health Science, Department of Pediatric Nursing, Bingöl, Turkey
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Sharma S, Birnie KA, Wang S, Fernandes Gomes FI, Gibbs JL, Mittinty MM. The value of the International Association for the Study of Pain to career development: perspectives of trainee and early career members. Pain 2023; 164:S31-S38. [PMID: 37831958 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Supporting its young members has been a key priority of the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) for the past 5 decades. The IASP, along with its federations, chapters, and special interest groups, has provided benefits to its trainee and early career members for their career development. This article summarizes various key IASP initiatives and benefits offered to IASP members and how these benefits have positively impacted their careers, including examples from the authors of this article. Suggestions are made for future directions that the IASP could implement to enhance the value provided to its trainee and early career members, which will in turn contribute to IASP achieving its mission to stimulate and support the study of pain and to translate that knowledge into improved pain relief worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurab Sharma
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kathryn A Birnie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Shan Wang
- Global Health Research Centre, Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Francisco Isaac Fernandes Gomes
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases (CRID), Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jennifer L Gibbs
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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Ogawa M, Sago T, Furukawa H, Saito A. Psychometric evaluation of the Japanese version of the fear of pain questionnaire-III and its association with dental anxiety: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:559. [PMID: 37573290 PMCID: PMC10422720 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03273-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fear of pain is a significant concern related to chronic pain and its impact on daily functioning. It is also associated with dental anxiety, highlighting its relevance in dental practice. This study aimed to validate the Japanese version of the Fear of Pain Questionnaire-III (FPQ-III) and explore its relationship with dental anxiety. METHODS 400 participants completed the Japanese version of the FPQ-III, with 100 participants re-evaluated after one month. Convergent validity was tested against dental anxiety and pain catastrophizing, while discriminant validity was assessed by examining general anxiety and depression correlations. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine the factorial validity of the FPQ-III and a shortened version of the FPQ-III (FPQ-9). Item response theory was applied for each subscale to estimate the discriminative power of each item and draw a test information curve. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to investigate the relationship between fear of pain and dental anxiety. RESULTS Data from 400 participants (200 women, 44.9 ± 14.5 years) were analyzed. The FPQ-III showed good internal validity, intra-examiner reliability, discriminant validity, and convergent validity. Confirmatory factor analysis results supported a three-factor structure, and the FPQ-9 showed a good fit. Test information curves demonstrated that the FPQ-9 maintained high accuracy over a similarly wide range as the FPQ-III. SEM revealed that fear of minor pain was associated with dental anxiety via fear of medical pain even in individuals without painful medical or dental experiences (indirect effect 0.48 [95% CI: 0.32-0.81]). Fear of severe pain tended to be higher in individuals with chronic pain compared to those without (latent mean values 0 vs. 0.27, p = 0.002) and was also associated with dental anxiety via fear of medical pain in women (indirect effect 0.15 [95% CI: 0.01-0.34]). CONCLUSION The Japanese version of the FPQ-9 demonstrated high reliability and validity, making it a valuable tool in dental clinical and research settings. It provides insights into the fear of pain among individuals with chronic pain and dental anxiety, informing potential intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Ogawa
- Section of Anesthesiology, Department of Diagnostics and General Care, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Teppei Sago
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Furukawa
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Naruto University of Education, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akihiro Saito
- Department of Business Administration, The University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu, Japan
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Mittinty MM, Santiago PHR, Jamieson L. Assessment of Pain-Related Fear in Indigenous Australian Populations Using the Fear of Pain Questionnaire-9 (FPQ-9). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106256. [PMID: 35627793 PMCID: PMC9141503 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we examined the psychometric properties of the Fear of Pain Questionnaire (FPQ-9) in Indigenous Australian people. FPQ-9, a shorter version of the original Fear of Pain Questionnaire-III, was developed to support the demand for more concise scales with faster administration time in the clinical and research setting. The psychometric properties of FPQ-9 in Indigenous Australian participants (n = 735) were evaluated with network psychometrics, such as dimensionality, model fit, internal consistency and reliability, measurement invariance, and criterion validity. Our findings indicated that the original FPQ-9 three-factor structure had a poor fit and did not adequately capture pain-related fear in Indigenous Australian people. On removal of two cross-loading items, an adapted version Indigenous Australian Fear of Pain Questionnaire-7 (IA-FPQ-7) displayed good fit and construct validity and reliability for assessing fear of pain in a sample of Indigenous Australian people. The IA-FPQ-7 scale could be used to better understand the role and impact of fear of pain in Indigenous Australian people living with chronic pain. This could allow for more tailored and timely interventions for managing pain in Indigenous Australian communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasi Murthy Mittinty
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2050, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-088-3134-611
| | - Pedro H. R. Santiago
- Indigenous Oral Health Unit, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (P.H.R.S.); (L.J.)
| | - Lisa Jamieson
- Indigenous Oral Health Unit, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (P.H.R.S.); (L.J.)
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Yılmaz E, Balcı H, Başer G, Özkalp B. Pain fear levels and affecting factors of health students in the university. Work 2022; 71:1043-1050. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-205054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Fear of pain, which is defined as verbal, physiological, and behavioral responses against potentially painful situations, refers to extreme fear of pain, painful sensation, and anything that may cause this sensation. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the pain fear levels of students and factors affecting fear of pain. METHODS: The study sample consisted of 544 students. To measure the students’ pain fear levels, a 12-item questionnaire, developed by the researchers, and 30-item Fear of Pain Questionnaire-III (FPQ-III) was used. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software. RESULTS: Students the severity of pain subscale, 31.9±8.9; mild pain subscale, 23.8±7.5; medical pain subscale, 27.5±9.0; and average total FPQ score, 83.1±22.0 was foud as. Of the students participating in the study, 80% reported that they had previously experienced pain. Of those who experienced pain, 32.9% reported dysmenorrhea, 18.2% reported headache, and 16.6% reported posttraumatic pain. Moreover, 61.0% of the students attempted to relieve their pain by their own means (medicine, herbal medicine, hot–cold application, etc.), while 70.6% stated that they do not frequently use painkillers. CONCLUSION: It is recommended to develop multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches in the management of fear of pain, which has biological, psychological, social, cultural, economic aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evre Yılmaz
- First and Immediate Aid Program, Medical Services and Techniques Department, KTO Karatay University, Karatay, Turkey
| | - Hatice Balcı
- Dialysis Program, Medical Services and Techniques Department, KTO Karatay University, Karatay, Turkey
| | - Gülfidan Başer
- Dialysis Program, Medical Services and Techniques Department, KTO Karatay University, Karatay, Turkey
| | - Birol Özkalp
- Medicine Department, KTO Karatay University, Karatay, Turkey
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Auliffe SM, Korakakis V, Hilfiker R, Whiteley R, O'Sullivan K. Participant characteristics are poorly reported in exercise trials in tendinopathy: A systematic review. Phys Ther Sport 2020; 48:43-53. [PMID: 33360409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2020.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the reporting of eligibility criteria and baseline participant characteristics in randomised controlled trials investigating the effects of exercise interventions in tendinopathy. METHODS Randomised controlled trials investigating the effects of exercise therapy compared to a non-exercising intervention in upper and lower limb tendinopathy were included. Data extraction was categorised into the following domains: participant demographics, tendinopathy descriptors, general health, participant recruitment and eligibility criteria. RESULTS The review included the following tendinopathies: Achilles (n = 9), gluteal (n = 2), lateral elbow tendinopathy (n = 15), patellar (n = 3) plantar (n = 3), and rotator cuff (n = 13). Age, sex, duration of symptoms and symptom severity were commonly reported across the review, while prior history of tendinopathy was poorly reported (6/45). Variables such as physical activity level (17/45), sleep (0/45), psychological factors (2/45), medication at baseline (8/45), co morbid health complaints (10/45) and sociodemographic factors (11/45) were poorly reported across the included studies. Substantial variation existed between studies in the specific eligibility criteria used. CONCLUSION The findings of this systematic review demonstrate that participant characteristics are poorly reported in exercise trials in tendinopathy. To improve effectiveness of exercise interventions in tendinopathy, improved reporting of participant characteristics may allow better comparisons and targeted interventions for specific subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seán Mc Auliffe
- Department of Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | | | - Roger Hilfiker
- School of Health Sciences, HES-SO Valais-Wallis, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland Valais, Leukerbad, Switzerland
| | - Rodney Whiteley
- Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Kieran O'Sullivan
- School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Ageing Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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