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Tarabeih N, Kalinkovich A, Ashkenazi S, Cherny SS, Shalata A, Livshits G. Analysis of the Associations of Measurements of Body Composition and Inflammatory Factors with Cardiovascular Disease and Its Comorbidities in a Community-Based Study. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1066. [PMID: 38791028 PMCID: PMC11117926 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12051066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The associations of cardiovascular disease (CVD) with comorbidities and biochemical and body composition measurements are repeatedly described but have not been studied simultaneously. In the present cross-sectional study, information on CVD and comorbidities [type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension (HTN), and hyperlipidemia (HDL)], body composition, levels of soluble markers, and other measures were collected from 1079 individuals. When we examined the association of each comorbidity and CVD, controlling for other comorbidities, we observed a clear pattern of the comorbidity-related specific associations with tested covariates. For example, T2DM was significantly associated with GDF-15 levels and the leptin/adiponectin (L/A) ratio independently of two other comorbidities; HTN, similarly, was independently associated with extracellular water (ECW) levels, L/A ratio, and age; and HDL was independently related to age only. CVD showed very strong independent associations with each of the comorbidities, being associated most strongly with HTN (OR = 10.89, 6.46-18.38) but also with HDL (2.49, 1.43-4.33) and T2DM (1.93, 1.12-3.33). An additive Bayesian network analysis suggests that all three comorbidities, particularly HTN, GDF-15 levels, and ECW content, likely have a main role in the risk of CVD development. Other factors, L/A ratio, lymphocyte count, and the systemic inflammation response index, are likely indirectly related to CVD, acting through the comorbidities and ECW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Tarabeih
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel; (N.T.); (S.A.)
| | - Alexander Kalinkovich
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; (A.K.); (S.S.C.)
| | - Shai Ashkenazi
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel; (N.T.); (S.A.)
| | - Stacey S. Cherny
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; (A.K.); (S.S.C.)
| | - Adel Shalata
- The Simon Winter Institute for Human Genetics, Bnai Zion Medical Center, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel;
| | - Gregory Livshits
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel; (N.T.); (S.A.)
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; (A.K.); (S.S.C.)
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Tarabeih N, Kalinkovich A, Ashkenazi S, Cherny SS, Shalata A, Livshits G. Relationships between Circulating Biomarkers and Body Composition Parameters in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Community-Based Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:881. [PMID: 38255954 PMCID: PMC10815336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex disease involving multiple physiological, biochemical, and metabolic abnormalities. The search for reliable biomarkers may help to better elucidate its pathogenesis and develop new preventive and therapeutic strategies. In the present population-based study, we looked for biomarkers of MetS among obesity- and inflammation-related circulating factors and body composition parameters in 1079 individuals (with age range between 18 and 80) belonging to an ethnically homogeneous population. Plasma levels of soluble markers were measured by using ELISA. Body composition parameters were assessed using bioimpedance analysis (BIA). Statistical analysis, including mixed-effects regression, with MetS as a dependent variable, revealed that the most significant independent variables were mainly adipose tissue-related phenotypes, including fat mass/weight (FM/WT) [OR (95% CI)], 2.77 (2.01-3.81); leptin/adiponectin ratio (L/A ratio), 1.50 (1.23-1.83); growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) levels, 1.32 (1.08-1.62); inflammatory markers, specifically monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR), 2.53 (2.00-3.15), and a few others. Additive Bayesian network modeling suggests that age, sex, MHR, and FM/WT are directly associated with MetS and probably affect its manifestation. Additionally, MetS may be causing the GDF-15 and L/A ratio. Our novel findings suggest the existence of complex, age-related, and possibly hierarchical relationships between MetS and factors associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Tarabeih
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel; (N.T.); (S.A.)
| | - Alexander Kalinkovich
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; (A.K.); (S.S.C.)
| | - Shai Ashkenazi
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel; (N.T.); (S.A.)
| | - Stacey S. Cherny
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; (A.K.); (S.S.C.)
| | - Adel Shalata
- The Simon Winter Institute for Human Genetics, Bnai Zion Medical Center, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel;
| | - Gregory Livshits
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel; (N.T.); (S.A.)
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; (A.K.); (S.S.C.)
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Ratajczak M, Waszak M, Śliwicka E, Wendt M, Skrypnik D, Zieliński J, Krutki P. In search of biomarkers for low back pain: can traction therapy effectiveness be prognosed by surface electromyography or blood parameters? Front Physiol 2023; 14:1290409. [PMID: 38143914 PMCID: PMC10739392 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1290409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Lumbar traction therapy is a common method to reduce low back pain (LBP) but is not always effective. The search for biomarkers that would prognose the effectiveness of LBP management is one priority for improving patients' quality of life. Objectives: 1) To determine the phenotype of patients benefiting most from lumbar traction therapy. 2) To correlate systemic and electromyographic biomarkers with pain and pain-related disability. Methods: Data on muscle bioelectrical activity (surface electromyography [SEMG]) in the flexion-extension task, the concentrations of twelve systemic biochemical factors, LBP intensity (Visual Analog Scale), the Oswestry Disability Index, and the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) were collected before and 72 h after 20 sessions of lumbar traction therapy. Patients were divided into responders and nonresponders based on the criterion of a 50% reduction in maximal pain. Results: The responders had lower maximal muscle bioactivity in the extension phase on the left side (p < 0.01) and higher flexion-extension ratios on both sides of the body in the SEMG (left: p < 0.05; right: p < 0.01), and higher adipsin, interleukin-2, interleukin-4, and interleukin-10 concentrations (p < 0.05) than nonresponders. Patients with higher interleukin-4 concentrations before therapy achieved greater reductions in maximal pain in the sitting position, bioelectrical muscle activity in flexion, and flexion-relaxation ratio on the left side of the body. Changes in adipsin and interleukin-4 concentrations correlated with changes in LBP intensity (r = 0.68; r = -0.77). Changes in stem cell growth factor and interleukin-17A correlated with changes in RMDQ (R = 0.53) and bioelectrical muscle activity in extension (left: R = -0.67; right: R = -0.76), respectively. Conclusion: Responders to traction therapy had SEMG indices of less favorable muscle activity in the flexion-extension task and elevated indices of inflammation before the study. For the first time, interleukin-4 was indicated as a potential biomarker for prognosing post-therapy changes in pain intensity and muscle activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Ratajczak
- Department of Medical Biology, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Waszak
- Department of Medical Biology, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Śliwicka
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland
| | - Michał Wendt
- Department of Medical Biology, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland
| | - Damian Skrypnik
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jacek Zieliński
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Krutki
- Department of Medical Biology, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland
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Tarabeih N, Shalata A, Kalinkovich A, Higla O, Livshits G. Elevated circulating levels of IL-34 are strongly associated with osteoporosis. Arch Osteoporos 2023; 18:132. [PMID: 37947892 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-023-01343-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
In this cross-sectional study, we observed a strong, age-independent association of circulating interleukin-34 (IL-34) levels with osteoporosis. PURPOSE The reported capacity of IL-34 to induce and enhance osteoclastogenesis suggests its potential involvement in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Our study aimed to evaluate whether there is an association between IL-34 expression and osteoporosis. METHODS We enrolled 30 women with osteoporosis and 230 age-matched non-osteoporotic women as a control group. Osteoporosis diagnosis was based on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the lumbar spine and femoral neck. Body composition parameters were assessed by the bioimpedance method. Plasma IL-34 levels were measured by ELISA. RESULTS In comparison with the control group, the mean plasma IL-34 levels were significantly higher in osteoporotic women (164.61 ± 36.40 pg/ml vs. 665.43 ± 253.67 pg/ml, p = 0.0002), whereas basal metabolic rate (BMR) was significantly lower (1422.03 ± 6.80 kcal vs. 1339.39 ± 17.52 kcal, p = 0.00007). Both variables remained statistically significant after adjustment for age (p < 0.001). We did not observe correlations between plasma IL-34 levels and body composition parameters in osteoporotic and control groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis with osteoporosis status as a dependent variable clearly showed that age, BMR and IL-34 levels were independently and significantly associated with osteoporosis. The calculated odds ratios (OR) were 1.66 (95% CI = 1.16-2.38) for IL-34 levels and 0.22 (95% CI = 0.07-0.65) for BMR. CONCLUSION The significant (fourfold) elevation of IL-34 plasma levels in osteoporosis patients suggests that circulating IL-34 could be used as a biomarker for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Tarabeih
- Department of Morphological Studies, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, 40700, Ariel, Israel
- Department of Nursing, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, 19300, Yezreel Valley, Israel
| | - Adel Shalata
- Faculty of Medicine, The Simon Winter Institute for Human Genetics, Bnai Zion Medical Center, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport, 32000, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Alexander Kalinkovich
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, 6905126, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Orabi Higla
- Orthopedics Clinic, Clalit, Migdal HaMeah, 6203854, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Gregory Livshits
- Department of Morphological Studies, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, 40700, Ariel, Israel.
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, 6905126, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
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Tarabeih N, Kalinkovich A, Shalata A, Higla O, Livshits G. Pro-Inflammatory Biomarkers Combined with Body Composition Display a Strong Association with Knee Osteoarthritis in a Community-Based Study. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1315. [PMID: 37759715 PMCID: PMC10527309 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the most common progressive, age-dependent chronic degenerative joint diseases. KOA often develops as a result of a gradual articular cartilage loss caused by its wear and tear. Numerous studies suggest that the degradation of the knee joint involves inflammatory components. This process is also associated with body composition, particularly being overweight and muscle mass loss. The present study aimed to search for novel circulating KOA inflammatory biomarkers, taking into account body composition characteristics. To this aim, we recruited 98 patients diagnosed and radiologically confirmed with KOA and 519 healthy controls from the Arab community in Israel. A panel of soluble molecules, related to inflammatory, metabolic, and musculoskeletal disorders, was measured by ELISA in plasma samples, while several body composition parameters were assessed with bioimpedance analysis. Statistical analysis, including multivariable logistic regression, revealed a number of the factors significantly associated with KOA, independently of age and sex. The most significant independent associations [OR (95% CI)] were fat body mass/body weight index-1.56 (1.20-2.02), systemic immune-inflammation index-4.03 (2.23-7.27), circulating vaspin levels-1.39 (1.15-1.68), follistatin/FSTL1 ratio-1.32 (1.02-1.70), and activin A/FSTL1 ratio-1.33 (1.01-1.75). Further clinical studies are warranted to confirm the relevance of these KOA-associated biological factors. Hereafter, they could serve as reliable biomarkers for KOA in the general human population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Tarabeih
- Department of Morphological Studies, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
| | - Alexander Kalinkovich
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6905126, Israel;
| | - Adel Shalata
- The Simon Winter Institute for Human Genetics, Bnai Zion Medical Center, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel;
| | - Orabi Higla
- Orthopedics Clinic, Clalit, Migdal HaMeah, Tel-Aviv 6203854, Israel;
| | - Gregory Livshits
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6905126, Israel;
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Kasher M, Williams FMK, Freidin MB, Cherny SS, Malkin I, Livshits G. Insights into the pleiotropic relationships between chronic back pain and inflammation-related musculoskeletal conditions: rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporotic abnormalities. Pain 2023; 164:e122-e134. [PMID: 36017880 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The ageing process includes the development of debilitating musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions, including chronic back pain (CBP), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and osteoporosis (OP). The mechanisms involved in the genetic-epidemiological relationships between these MSK phenotypes are controversial and limited and thus require clarification, in particular, between CBP and the other MSK phenotypes. A cross-sectional statistical analysis was conducted using Europeans from the UK Biobank data collection, including 73,794 CBP, 4883 RA, and 7153 OP cases as well as 242,216 calcaneus bone mineral density scores. C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured for 402,165 subjects in this sample. Genetic correlations were assessed to evaluate shared genetic background between traits. Mendelian randomization was performed to assess a causal relationship between CBP and RA and OP along with other risk factors, such as CRP. Colocalization analysis was conducted to identify shared pleiotropic regions between the examined traits. Bayesian modelling was performed to determine a potential pathway that may explain the interrelationships among these traits. Mendelian randomization analyses revealed that CRP causally predicts CBP only (β = 0.183, 95% CI = 0.077-0.290, P -value = 0.001). Horizontally pleiotropy appeared to explain the relationship between CBP and RA and OP. Through colocalization analysis, several genomic regions emerged describing common genetic influences between CBP and its proposed risk factors, including HLA-DQA1/HLA-DQB1, APOE , SOX5, and MYH7B as well as Histone 1 genes. We speculate that among other factors, CBP and its MSK comorbidities may arise from common inflammatory mechanisms. Colocalized identified genes may aid in advancing or improving the mode of treatment in patients with CBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody Kasher
- Human Population Biology Research Unit, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Frances M K Williams
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maxim B Freidin
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stacey S Cherny
- Human Population Biology Research Unit, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ida Malkin
- Human Population Biology Research Unit, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gregory Livshits
- Human Population Biology Research Unit, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Adelson Medical School, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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Zhang C, Lu Z, Lyu C, Zhang S, Wang D. Andrographolide Inhibits Static Mechanical Pressure-Induced Intervertebral Disc Degeneration via the MAPK/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:535-550. [PMID: 36845666 PMCID: PMC9951603 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s392535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore the molecular mechanism by which andrographolide (ADR) inhibits static mechanical pressure-induced apoptosis in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) and to assess the role of ADR in inhibiting IDD. Methods Hematoxylin-eosin (HE), toluidine blue, and immunofluorescence staining were used to identify NPCs. An NPC apoptosis model was constructed using a homemade cell pressurization device. The proliferation activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, and apoptosis rate were detected using kits. The expression of related proteins was detected using Western blot. A rat tailbone IDD model was constructed using a homemade tailbone stress device. HE staining and safranine O-fast green FCF cartilage staining were used to observe the degeneration degree of the intervertebral disk. Results ADR inhibits static mechanical pressure-induced apoptosis and ROS accumulation in NPCs and improves cell viability. ADR can promote the expression of Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), p-Nrf2, p-p38, p-Erk1/2, p-JNK, and other proteins, and its effects can be blocked by inhibitors of the above proteins. Conclusion ADR can inhibit IDD by activating the MAPK/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and suppressing static mechanical pressure-induced ROS accumulation in the NPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunxin Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266061, People’s Republic of China,Department of Spine Surgery, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, 272011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziang Lu
- Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaoliang Lyu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, 272011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, 272011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dechun Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266061, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Dechun Wang, Department of Spine surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, 5# Donghai Road, Shinan District, Qingdao, 266061, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86+18661809296, Fax +86-0532-82716868, Email
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Tarabeih N, Shalata A, Higla O, Kalinkovich A, Livshits G. The search for systemic biomarkers for monitoring degenerative lumbar spinal disorders. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2022; 4:100323. [PMID: 36601335 PMCID: PMC9805972 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2022.100323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives In our previous study, we reported that low back pain (LBP) severity and disability significantly correlate with body composition and several blood biochemical factors. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that these covariates are associated with anatomical deformations of the lumbar spine, in particular, radiographic facet joint osteoarthritis (FJOA) and lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) features important contributors to LBP. Methods CT and MRI images of the lumbar spine were obtained from 200 individuals suffering from LBP-sciatica. We examined the FJOA and total LDD score - the sum of the scores of the three radiographic features (intervertebral disc herniation, osteophythosis and spondylolisthesis) at the L1 - S1 vertebral levels. By implementing a bioelectrical impedance analysis, we assessed the participants for body composition, specifically, extracellular water (ECW). Plasma levels of growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) and visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor (vaspin), were detected by ELISA. Results By conducting a series of multivariable regression analyses, we report that the circulating levels of GDF-15, vaspin, and ECW are significantly and independently associated with FJOA scores [βGDF15 = 0.38 ± 0.08, p = 0.0001; βVASPIN = 0.36 ± 0.07, p = 0.000004; βECW = 0.24 ± 0.07, p = 0.002]. The levels of GDF-15 (β = 0.30 ± 0.10, p = 0.007) and ECW (β = 0.20 ± 0.09, p = 0.03) were also found significantly associated with the LDD scores. Conclusion The obtained new data suggest that GDF-15, vaspin and ECW may serve as biomarkers for FJOA and LDD phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Tarabeih
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel,Maale HaCarmel Mental Health Center, Affiliated to Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Adel Shalata
- The Simon Winter Institute for Human Genetics, Bnai Zion Medical Center, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Orabi Higla
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alexander Kalinkovich
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Gregory Livshits
- Deparment of Morphological Sciences, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel,Corresponding author. Department of Morphological Sciences, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 4077625, Israel.
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