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Moulefera I, Trabelsi M, Mamun A, Sabantina L. Electrospun Carbon Nanofibers from Biomass and Biomass Blends-Current Trends. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1071. [PMID: 33805323 PMCID: PMC8036826 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, ecological issues have led to the search for new green materials from biomass as precursors for producing carbon materials (CNFs). Such green materials are more attractive than traditional petroleum-based materials, which are environmentally harmful and non-biodegradable. Biomass could be ideal precursors for nanofibers since they stem from renewable sources and are low-cost. Recently, many authors have focused intensively on nanofibers' production from biomass using microwave-assisted pyrolysis, hydrothermal treatment, ultrasonication method, but only a few on electrospinning methods. Moreover, still few studies deal with the production of electrospun carbon nanofibers from biomass. This review focuses on the new developments and trends of electrospun carbon nanofibers from biomass and aims to fill this research gap. The review is focusing on recollecting the most recent investigations about the preparation of carbon nanofiber from biomass and biopolymers as precursors using electrospinning as the manufacturing method, and the most important applications, such as energy storage that include fuel cells, electrochemical batteries and supercapacitors, as well as wastewater treatment, CO2 capture, and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marah Trabelsi
- Junior Research Group “Nanomaterials”, Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany; (M.T.); (A.M.)
- Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Department of Materials Engineering, Sfax 3038, Tunisia
| | - Al Mamun
- Junior Research Group “Nanomaterials”, Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany; (M.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Lilia Sabantina
- Junior Research Group “Nanomaterials”, Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany; (M.T.); (A.M.)
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Mamman HB, Jamil MMA, Ibrahim TNT, Wahab MHA, Sharif JM, Rahman NAA, Youseffi M, Javid F. Studying the Influence of Electroporation on HT29 Cell Line Interaction with Fibronectin and Collagen Protein Micro-Patterned Surface. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS: CONFERENCE SERIES 2020; 1529:052028. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1529/5/052028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Micro-contact printing (MCP) is a scheme that allows a substrate or surface to be functionalized freely with extracellular matrix (ECM) protein such as fibronectin and collagen, in a well-defined manner. MCP can be used to regulate cell adhesion geometry on a substrate and in controlling wound healing process by facilitating directed cell migration. In this study, human colon cancer cell line, HT29 were grown on a micro-contact printed pattern of fibronectin and collagen protein with repeat gratings of 25μm, 50μm, and 100μm wide, for 48 hours. The cells alignments to the patterned substrates were then computed, where 0° means 100% alignment to the pattern. This was done with the purpose of finding those pattern that stimulated the best degree of cell alignment. Best alignment and elongation were obtained on 50μm of the two ECM proteins. The quantitative analysis of the results revealed that HT29 cells aligned most readily to the 50μm width pattern with a mean angle of alignment of 5.0° ± 1.3 and 16.1° ± 4.6, respectively, on fibronectin and collagen pattern surfaces. Contrarily, the cells aligned poorly on the 25μm width pattern of fibronectin, collagen and the control substrates with a mean angle of 33.4° ± 8.4, 36.2° ± 8.9 and 54.5° ± 6.0, respectively. Furthermore, the 50μm stamp pattern was used to investigate the influence of pulse electric field (PEF) on the HT29 alignment to the patterned substrate. The result revealed that there was significant improvement (P < 0.05) in the cell alignment between the electrically treated and the untreated cells. The alignment angles of the electrically treated cells were 4.0° ± 1.2 and 11.2° ± 3.5, respectively, on the 50μm pattern surface of fibronectin and collagen. Therefore, the result of the study revealed that micro-contact printing technique together with pulse electric field could offer a potentially fast method of controlling directed cell migration for wound healing application.
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Ashtari K, Nazari H, Ko H, Tebon P, Akhshik M, Akbari M, Alhosseini SN, Mozafari M, Mehravi B, Soleimani M, Ardehali R, Ebrahimi Warkiani M, Ahadian S, Khademhosseini A. Electrically conductive nanomaterials for cardiac tissue engineering. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 144:162-179. [PMID: 31176755 PMCID: PMC6784829 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Patient deaths resulting from cardiovascular diseases are increasing across the globe, posing the greatest risk to patients in developed countries. Myocardial infarction, as a result of inadequate blood flow to the myocardium, results in irreversible loss of cardiomyocytes which can lead to heart failure. A sequela of myocardial infarction is scar formation that can alter the normal myocardial architecture and result in arrhythmias. Over the past decade, a myriad of tissue engineering approaches has been developed to fabricate engineered scaffolds for repairing cardiac tissue. This paper highlights the recent application of electrically conductive nanomaterials (carbon and gold-based nanomaterials, and electroactive polymers) to the development of scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering. Moreover, this work summarizes the effects of these nanomaterials on cardiac cell behavior such as proliferation and migration, as well as cardiomyogenic differentiation in stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijeh Ashtari
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hojjatollah Nazari
- Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hyojin Ko
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Peyton Tebon
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Masoud Akhshik
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Center for Biocomposites and Biomaterials Processing (CBBP), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Shahdad Ronak Commercialization Company, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Akbari
- Laboratory for Innovations in MicroEngineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada; Center for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada; Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
| | - Sanaz Naghavi Alhosseini
- Biomaterials Group, Department of Biomaterial Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Bita Mehravi
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ardehali
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California - Los Angeles, USA
| | - Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Samad Ahadian
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA; Department of Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.
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Abdul Jamil MM, Milad Zaltum MA, Abd Rahman NA, Ambar R, Denyer MCT, Javed F, Sefat F, Mozafari M, Youseffi M. Investigation of Pulse electric field effect on HeLa cells alignment properties on extracellular matrix protein patterned surface. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1019/1/012018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Lin HY, Peng ZX. Nanofibers grafted on titanium alloy: the effects of fiber alignment and density on osteoblast mineralization. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2017; 28:140. [PMID: 28819756 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-017-5951-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The surface of medical implant alloy Ti-6Al-4V was chemically modified to allow it to covalently bond with collagen/PVA nanofibers. These nanofibers were successfully attached to the Ti-6Al-4V surface in three different morphologies: randomly oriented high-density fiber, COL(H); randomly oriented low-density fiber, COL(L); and aligned high-density fiber, COL(A). The effects of the morphology of these covalently-bound collagen nanofibers on the growth and differentiation of osteoblasts were studied for 21 days. The low-density nanofibers covered approximately 80% of the Ti64 surface, while the high-density nanofibers covered nearly 100%. These covalently attached fibrous coatings remained attached to the metal surface after 3 weeks of cell culture. In the first week the aligned fibers of COL(A) allowed the osteoblasts to stretch and elongate in the direction of the fibers. This directional elongation was not seen in the cells on the randomly-oriented samples. Cells proliferated and differentiated on all three surfaces over time. By the end of the test, the amount of type I collagen secreted by the cells on COL(H) was the highest, while the degree of mineralization was highest on COL(A) among the three samples (p < 0.05). Different nanofiber morphologies changed the cell morphology and the secretion of cellular products. The mechanisms remained to be investigated. The surface of medical implant alloy Ti-6Al-4V was chemically modified to allow it to covalently bond with collagen/PVA nanofibers. The SEM micrographs in the top row show the random and aligned morphology of the collagen-PVA nanofibers. The nanofibers on COL(A) were aligned in the general direction indicated by the arrow. The second row are images from EDX titanium element mapping. The location of the titanium elements are shown as bright dots. The low-density nanofibers, COL(L), covered approximately 80% of the Ti64 surface, while the high-density nanofibers, COL(H) and COL(A), covered nearly 100%. All three surfaces demonstrated good biocompatibility for the cultured osteoblasts. The fiber alignment seemed to have an effect on early cellular morphology (day 7), collagen secretion and calcium deposition, while the density of the fibers seemed to have no significant effect on cell behavior. SEM micrographs of osteoblasts after 7 and 14 days of cell culture are shown in the third and fourth rows. The surface of COL(L) has more cell-free spots indicated by (*) on day 7 as other two surfaces were covered by cells. The nanofibers could no longer be observed and were covered with mineralized granules (circles) after 14 days of cell culture. The cells appear stretched out on the mineralized granules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, 106.
- Graduate Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, 106.
| | - Zhao-Xiang Peng
- Graduate Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, 106
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Bhardwaj G, Webster TJ. Reduced bacterial growth and increased osteoblast proliferation on titanium with a nanophase TiO 2 surface treatment. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:363-369. [PMID: 28123296 PMCID: PMC5229166 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s116105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The attachment and initial growth of bacteria on an implant surface dictates the progression of infection. Treatment often requires aggressive antibiotic use, which does not always work. To overcome the difficulties faced in systemic and local antibiotic delivery, scientists have forayed into using alternative techniques, which includes implant surface modifications that prevent initial bacterial adhesion, foreign body formation, and may offer a controlled inflammatory response. Objective The current study focused on using electrophoretic deposition to treat titanium with a nanophase titanium dioxide surface texture to reduce bacterial adhesion and growth. Two distinct nanotopographies were analyzed, Ti-160, an antimicrobial surface designed to greatly reduce bacterial colonization, and Ti-120, an antimicrobial surface with a topography that upregulates osteoblast activity while reducing bacterial colonization; the number following Ti in the nomenclature represents the atomic force microscopy root-mean-square roughness value in nanometers. Results There was a 95.6% reduction in Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive bacteria) for the Ti-160-treated surfaces compared to the untreated titanium alloy controls. There was a 90.2% reduction in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (gram-negative bacteria) on Ti-160-treated surfaces compared to controls. For ampicillin-resistant Escherichia coli, there was an 81.1% reduction on the Ti-160-treated surfaces compared to controls. Similarly for surfaces treated with Ti-120, there was an 86.8% reduction in S. aureus, an 82.1% reduction in P. aeruginosa, and a 48.6% reduction in ampicillin-resistant E. coli. The Ti-120 also displayed a 120.7% increase at day 3 and a 168.7% increase at day 5 of osteoblast proliferation over standard titanium alloy control surfaces. Conclusion Compared to untreated surfaces, Ti-160-treated titanium surfaces demonstrated a statistically significant 1 log reduction in S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, whereas Ti-120 provided an additional increase in osteoblast proliferation for up to 5 days, criteria, which should be further studied for a wide range of orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Bhardwaj
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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A Review on the Respiratory System Toxicity of Carbon Nanoparticles. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13030325. [PMID: 26999172 PMCID: PMC4808988 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13030325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The respiratory system represents the main gateway for nanoparticles’ entry into the human body. Although there is a myriad of engineered nanoparticles, carbon nanoparticles/nanotubes (CNPs/CNTs) have received much attention mainly due to their light weight, very high surface area, durability, and their diverse applications. Since their discovery and manufacture over two decades ago, much has been learned about nanoparticles’ interactions with diverse biological system models. In particular, the respiratory system has been of great interest because various natural and man-made fibrous particles are known to be responsible for chronic and debilitating lung diseases. In this review, we present up-to-date the literature regarding the effects of CNTs or carbon nanofibers (CNFs) on the human respiratory system with respect to respiratory toxicity pathways and associated pathologies. This article is intended to emphasize the potentially dangerous effects to the human respiratory system if inadequate measures are used in the manufacture, handling, and preparation and applications of CNP or CNP-based products.
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Park S, Kang YJ, Majd S. A Review of Patterned Organic Bioelectronic Materials and their Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:7583-7619. [PMID: 26397962 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201501809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Organic electronic materials are rapidly emerging as superior replacements for a number of conventional electronic materials, such as metals and semiconductors. Conducting polymers, carbon nanotubes, graphenes, organic light-emitting diodes, and diamond films fabricated via chemical vapor deposition are the most popular organic bioelectronic materials that are currently under active research and development. Besides the capability to translate biological signals to electrical signals or vice versa, organic bioelectronic materials entail greater biocompatibility and biodegradability compared to conventional electronic materials, which makes them more suitable for biomedical applications. When patterned, these materials bring about numerous capabilities to perform various tasks in a more-sophisticated and high-throughput manner. Here, we provide an overview of the unique properties of organic bioelectronic materials, different strategies applied to pattern these materials, and finally their applications in the field of biomedical engineering, particularly biosensing, cell and tissue engineering, actuators, and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- SooHyun Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - You Jung Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Sheereen Majd
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
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Gattazzo F, De Maria C, Whulanza Y, Taverni G, Ahluwalia A, Vozzi G. Realisation and characterization of conductive hollow fibers for neuronal tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2014; 103:1107-19. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gattazzo
- Research Center “E. Piaggio,” University of Pisa; Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1 Pisa 56122 Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine; University of Padova; Padova 35131 Italy
| | - Carmelo De Maria
- Research Center “E. Piaggio,” University of Pisa; Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1 Pisa 56122 Italy
- Department of Ingegneria dell'Informazione; University of Pisa; Via G. Caruso 16 Pisa 56122 Italy
| | - Yudan Whulanza
- Research Center “E. Piaggio,” University of Pisa; Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1 Pisa 56122 Italy
| | - Gemma Taverni
- Research Center “E. Piaggio,” University of Pisa; Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1 Pisa 56122 Italy
| | - Arti Ahluwalia
- Research Center “E. Piaggio,” University of Pisa; Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1 Pisa 56122 Italy
- Department of Ingegneria dell'Informazione; University of Pisa; Via G. Caruso 16 Pisa 56122 Italy
| | - Giovanni Vozzi
- Research Center “E. Piaggio,” University of Pisa; Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1 Pisa 56122 Italy
- Department of Ingegneria dell'Informazione; University of Pisa; Via G. Caruso 16 Pisa 56122 Italy
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Murugan E, Arumugam S. New dendrimer functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube hybrids for bone tissue engineering. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04646c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Carbon nanotubes: their potential and pitfalls for bone tissue regeneration and engineering. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2013; 9:1139-58. [PMID: 23770067 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The extracellular environment which supports cell life is composed of a hierarchy of maintenance, force and regulatory systems which integrate from the nano- through to macroscale. For this reason, strategies to recreate cell supporting environments have been investigating the use of nanocomposite biomaterials. Here, we review the use of carbon nanotubes as part of a bottom-up approach for use in bone tissue engineering. We evaluate the properties of carbon nanotubes in the context of synthetic tissue substrates and contrast them with the nanoscale features of the extracellular environment. Key studies are evaluated with an emphasis on understanding the mechanisms through which carbon nanotubes interact with biological systems. This includes an examination of how the different properties of carbon nanotubes affect tissue growth, how these properties and variation to them might be leveraged in regenerative tissue therapies and how impurities or contaminates affect their toxicity and biological interaction. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR In this comprehensive review, the authors describe the status and potential applications of carbon nanotubes in bone tissue engineering.
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Bruinink A, Bitar M, Pleskova M, Wick P, Krug HF, Maniura-Weber K. Addition of nanoscaled bioinspired surface features: A revolution for bone related implants and scaffolds? J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:275-94. [PMID: 23468287 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Our expanding ability to handle the "literally invisible" building blocks of our world has started to provoke a seismic shift on the technology, environment and health sectors of our society. During the last two decades, it has become increasingly evident that the "nano-sized" subunits composing many materials—living, natural and synthetic—are becoming more and more accessible for predefined manipulations at the nanosize scale. The use of equally nanoscale sized or functionalised tools may, therefore, grant us unprecedented prospects to achieve many therapeutic aims. In the past decade it became clear that nano-scale surface topography significantly influences cell behaviour and may, potentially, be utilised as a powerful tool to enhance the bioactivity and/ or integration of implanted devices. In this review, we briefly outline the state of the art and some of the current approaches and concepts for the future utilisation of nanotechnology to create biomimetic implantable medical devices and scaffolds for in vivo and in vitro tissue engineering,with a focus on bone. Based on current knowledge it must be concluded that not the materials and surfaces themselves but the systematic biological evaluation of these new material concepts represent the bottleneck for new biomedical product development based on nanotechnological principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arie Bruinink
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research, Laboratory for Materials - Biology Interaction, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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Smith BS, Capellato P, Kelley S, Gonzalez-Juarrero M, Popat KC. Reduced in vitro immune response on titania nanotube arrays compared to titanium surface. Biomater Sci 2013; 1:322-332. [DOI: 10.1039/c2bm00079b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Jun Han Z, Rider AE, Ishaq M, Kumar S, Kondyurin A, Bilek MMM, Levchenko I, Ostrikov K(K. Carbon nanostructures for hard tissue engineering. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra23306a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Arora P, Sindhu A, Dilbaghi N, Chaudhury A, Rajakumar G, Rahuman AA. Nano-regenerative medicine towards clinical outcome of stem cell and tissue engineering in humans. J Cell Mol Med 2012; 16:1991-2000. [PMID: 22260258 PMCID: PMC3822969 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2012.01534.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a fast growing area of research that aims to create nanomaterials or nanostructures development in stem cell and tissue-based therapies. Concepts and discoveries from the fields of bio nano research provide exciting opportunities of using stem cells for regeneration of tissues and organs. The application of nanotechnology to stem-cell biology would be able to address the challenges of disease therapeutics. This review covers the potential of nanotechnology approaches towards regenerative medicine. Furthermore, it focuses on current aspects of stem- and tissue-cell engineering. The magnetic nanoparticles-based applications in stem-cell research open new frontiers in cell and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Arora
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and TechnologyHisar, Haryana, India
| | - Annu Sindhu
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and TechnologyHisar, Haryana, India
| | - Neeraj Dilbaghi
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and TechnologyHisar, Haryana, India
| | - Ashok Chaudhury
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and TechnologyHisar, Haryana, India
- Crop Science Department, North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh, NC, USA
| | - Govindasamy Rajakumar
- Unit of Nanotechnology and Bioactive Natural Products, C. Abdul Hakeem CollegeVellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abdul Abdul Rahuman
- Unit of Nanotechnology and Bioactive Natural Products, C. Abdul Hakeem CollegeVellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Tonelli FMP, Santos AK, Gomes KN, Lorençon E, Guatimosim S, Ladeira LO, Resende RR. Carbon nanotube interaction with extracellular matrix proteins producing scaffolds for tissue engineering. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:4511-29. [PMID: 22923989 PMCID: PMC3423153 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s33612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, significant progress has been made in organ transplantation, surgical reconstruction, and the use of artificial prostheses to treat the loss or failure of an organ or bone tissue. In recent years, considerable attention has been given to carbon nanotubes and collagen composite materials and their applications in the field of tissue engineering due to their minimal foreign-body reactions, an intrinsic antibacterial nature, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and the ability to be molded into various geometries and forms such as porous structures, suitable for cell ingrowth, proliferation, and differentiation. Recently, grafted collagen and some other natural and synthetic polymers with carbon nanotubes have been incorporated to increase the mechanical strength of these composites. Carbon nanotube composites are thus emerging as potential materials for artificial bone and bone regeneration in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda M P Tonelli
- Cell Signaling and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Sirivisoot S, Pareta R. Orthopedic carbon nanotube biosensors for controlled drug delivery. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2012. [DOI: 10.1533/9780857096449.2.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Meng D, Rath SN, Mordan N, Salih V, Kneser U, Boccaccini AR. In vitro evaluation of 45S5 Bioglass®-derived glass-ceramic scaffolds coated with carbon nanotubes. J Biomed Mater Res A 2011; 99:435-44. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.33185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Revised: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Yang L, Zhang L, Webster TJ. Carbon nanostructures for orthopedic medical applications. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2011; 6:1231-44. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.11.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanostructures (including carbon nanofibers, nanostructured diamond, fullerene materials and so forth) possess extraordinary physiochemical, mechanical and electrical properties attractive to bioengineers and medical researchers. In the past decade, numerous developments towards the fabrication and biological studies of carbon nanostructures have provided opportunities to improve orthopedic applications. Therefore, the aim of this article is to provide an up-to-date review on carbon nanostructure advances in orthopedic research. Orthopedic medical device applications of carbon nanotubes/carbon nanofibers and nanostructured diamond (including particulate nanodiamond and nanocrystalline diamond coatings) are emphasized here along with other carbon nanostructures that have promising potential. In addition, widely used fabrication techniques for producing carbon nanostructures in both the laboratory and in industry are briefly introduced. In conclusion, carbon nanostructures have demonstrated tremendous promise for orthopedic medical device applications to date, and although some safety, reliability and durability issues related to the manufacturing and implantation of carbon nanomaterials remain, their future is bright.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation (IMNI), Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation (IMNI), Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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Smith BS, Yoriya S, Johnson T, Popat KC. Dermal fibroblast and epidermal keratinocyte functionality on titania nanotube arrays. Acta Biomater 2011; 7:2686-96. [PMID: 21414425 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2011] [Revised: 03/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Transcutaneous implants that penetrate through the depth of the skin are used in numerous clinical applications, including prosthetics and dental implants. Favorable interactions between the implant surface and the respective skin layers are critical for the long-term success of transcutaneous implantable devices, hence, it is essential to understand the physiologic response elicited by skin-biomaterial interactions. Recent studies have shown that material surfaces that provide topographic cues at the nanoscale level may provide one possible solution to enhanced biomaterial integration, thus preventing biomaterial rejection. In this study titania nanotube arrays were fabricated using a simple anodization technique as potential interfaces for transcutaneous implantable devices. The in vitro functionality of human dermal fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes were evaluated on these nanotube arrays (diameter 70-90 nm, length 1-1.5 μm). Cellular functionality in terms of adhesion, proliferation, orientation, viability, cytoskeletal organization, differentiation and morphology were investigated for up to 4 days in culture using fluorescence microscope imaging, a cell viability assay, indirect immunofluorescence and scanning electron microscopy. The results reported in this study indicate increased dermal fibroblast and decreased epidermal keratinocyte adhesion, proliferation and differentiation on titania nanotube arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara S Smith
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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Wang B, Cai Q, Zhang S, Yang X, Deng X. The effect of poly (L-lactic acid) nanofiber orientation on osteogenic responses of human osteoblast-like MG63 cells. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2011; 4:600-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2011.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2010] [Revised: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 01/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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SEFAT F, DENYER M, YOUSEFFI M. Imaging via widefield surface plasmon resonance microscope for studying bone cell interactions with micropatterned ECM proteins. J Microsc 2011; 241:282-90. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2010.03430.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lu J, Webster TJ. Endothelial Cell Adhesion on Highly Controllable Compared to Random Nanostructured Titanium Surface Features. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-0951-e12-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTThe application of vascular stents using conventional metals is limited because the implantation process will cause significant injury to the vascular wall and endothelium, resulting in neointima hyperplasia and then the development of long-term restenosis. The objective of this in vitro study was to investigate endothelial cell function (especially their adhesion behavior) on highly controllable nanostructured surface features. Considering the importance of the endothelium and its properties, highly controllable nanostructured surface features of titanium (a popular vascular stent metal) were created using E-beam evaporation to promote endothelialization and to control the direction of endothelial cells on vascular stents. Endothelial cells are aligned with blood flow naturally in the body. In this manner, the present in vitro study provides much promise for the use of nanotechnology for improving metals for vascular stent applications.
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Sirivisoot S, Yao C, Xiao X, Sheldon BW, Webster TJ. Developing Biosensors for Monitoring Orthopedic Tissue Growth. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-0950-d15-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTThe objective of this in vitro present study was to create a biosensor which can monitor in situ orthopedic tissue growth juxtaposed to a newly implanted orthopedic material. This biosensor has unique properties including the ability to sense, detect, and control bone regrowth. Such a biosensor is useful not only in regenerating tissue necessary for orthopedic implant success, but also to aid in informing an orthopedic surgeon whether sufficient new bone growth occurred. If the sensor determines that insufficient new bone growth occurred, the sensor can also act in an intelligent manner to release bone growth factors to increase bone formation. The primary biomaterial in this biosensor is anodized Ti, developed by chemical etching and passivation treatments. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), because of their electrical and mechanical properties, are essential to consider when designing such biosensors since they will be used to apply and measure conductivity changes as new bone grows next to the implant. For this, parallel multiwall CNTs were grown from the pores of the anodized Ti by a chemical vapor deposition process. Lastly, these sensors will be composed of a conductive, biodegradable, polymer layer that degrades when bone grows and, consequently, undergoes a change in conductivity that can be measured by the CNTs grown out of the anodized Ti. This conductive, biodegradable polymer consists of polypyrrole (which is conductive) and poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (which is biodegradable). Preliminaryin vitroresults suggest that osteoblast functions (specifically alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition) on CNTs grown on anodized Ti are significantly enhanced when compared to anodized Ti and currently-used Ti; thus, it is anticipated that bone growth could be enhanced on these novel biomaterial sensors.
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Yang X, Chen X, Wang H. Acceleration of osteogenic differentiation of preosteoblastic cells by chitosan containing nanofibrous scaffolds. Biomacromolecules 2010; 10:2772-8. [PMID: 19743842 DOI: 10.1021/bm900623j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To accelerate bone tissue formation, scaffolds better provide stimulatory niches to the residing cells for osteogenic differentiation. In this study, polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers containing various amounts of chitosan (0, 3, 9, and 23%) were prepared and evaluated for their osteogenic differentiation of preosteoblasts in 2D and 3D cultures. Characterization of the obtained nanofibers revealed that average fiber diameter, hydrophilicity, Young's modulus, and fiber degradation were closely correlated with the amount of chitosan in PCL nanofibers. Incorporation of chitosan in PCL nanofibers not only improved the adhesion and proliferation of MC 3T3-E1 cells but also elevated calcium deposition, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and the expression of osteopontin (OPN) compared to PCL alone nanofibers. Culture of cell-rich 3D constructs prepared by layer-by-layer assembling MC 3T3-E1 with chitosan containing PCL nanofibers led to a uniform tissue formation with significant mineralization at 21 days. In all, chitosan containing PCL nanofibers are superior to PCL nanofibers in promoting bone tissue formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, USA
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von der Mark K, Park J, Bauer S, Schmuki P. Nanoscale engineering of biomimetic surfaces: cues from the extracellular matrix. Cell Tissue Res 2009; 339:131-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-009-0896-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2009] [Accepted: 10/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tran PA, Zhang L, Webster TJ. Carbon nanofibers and carbon nanotubes in regenerative medicine. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2009; 61:1097-114. [PMID: 19647768 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2009.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2008] [Accepted: 07/16/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers have long been investigated for applications in composite structural materials, semiconductor devices, and sensors. With the recent well-documented ability to chemically modify nanofibrous carbon materials to improve their solubility and biocompatibility properties: a whole new class of bioactive carbon nanostructures has been created for biological applications. This review focuses on the latest applications of carbon nanofibers and carbon nanotubes in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phong A Tran
- Physics Department, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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28
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Fu G, Soboyejo W. Cell/surface interactions of human osteo-sarcoma (HOS) cells and micro-patterned polydimelthylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2009.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kim JY, Khang D, Lee JE, Webster TJ. Decreased macrophage density on carbon nanotube patterns on polycarbonate urethane. J Biomed Mater Res A 2009; 88:419-26. [PMID: 18306321 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is creating materials that can regenerate numerous tissues (including those used for bone, vascular, cartilage, bladder, and neuronal systems) better than what is currently being implanted. Despite this promise, little is known about the functions of wound healing cells (such as macrophages) on nanomaterials. Carbon nanotubes are intriguing nanomaterials for implantation due to their unique biologically inspired surface, electrical, and mechanical properties. For the above reasons, the objective of the present study was to investigate macrophage function on one promising type of nano-implant material for orthopedic applications (carbon nanotubes microscopically aligned on polymers). To align carbon nanotubes on polymers, a novel imprinting method placing carbon nanotubes in grids of defined spacings (from 30 to 100 microm) on a polymer matrix was developed. In this study, the selective adhesion and proliferation of macrophages after 4 h, 24 h, and 4 days on aligned regions of a currently implanted polymer (specifically, polycarbonate urethane) compared to aligned carbon nanotube patterns were found. That is, decreased macrophage functions were observed in this study on aligned regions of carbon nanotubes compared to polycarbonate urethane. The present in vitro study, thus, provided evidence of the ability of carbon nanotubes to down-regulate macrophage adhesion and proliferation which is important to decrease a harmful persistence wound-healing reaction to orthopedic implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Youl Kim
- Department of Anatomy, BK21 Project for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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Khang D, Park GE, Webster TJ. Enhanced chondrocyte densities on carbon nanotube composites: The combined role of nanosurface roughness and electrical stimulation. J Biomed Mater Res A 2008; 86:253-60. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Christenson EM, Anseth KS, van den Beucken JJJP, Chan CK, Ercan B, Jansen JA, Laurencin CT, Li WJ, Murugan R, Nair LS, Ramakrishna S, Tuan RS, Webster TJ, Mikos AG. Nanobiomaterial applications in orthopedics. J Orthop Res 2007; 25:11-22. [PMID: 17048259 DOI: 10.1002/jor.20305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Advancements in nanobiotechnology are revolutionizing our capability to understand biological intricacies and resolve biological and medical problems by developing subtle biomimetic techniques. Nanocomposites and nanostructured materials are believed to play a pivotal role in orthopedic research since bone itself is a typical example of a nanocomposite. This article reviews current strategies using nanobiomaterials to improve current orthopedic materials and examines their applications in bone tissue engineering. Preliminary investigations support the potential of nanobiomaterials in orthopedic applications; however, significant advancements are necessary to achieve clinical use. Overall, current trends in nanobiotechnology foreshadow a bright future through the use of nanobiomaterials in the orthopedic domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Christenson
- Department of Bioengineering-MS142, Rice University, PO Box 1892, Houston, Texas 77251-1892, USA
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Abstract
Nanotechnology is defined as the use of materials with at least one dimension less than 100 nm. Although nanotechnology has revolutionized many fields to date, it use in medical applications remains at it infancy. This manuscript describes recent promising studies made towards increasing tissue regeneration through the use of nano compared to conventional materials.
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Bajaj P, Khang D, Webster TJ. Control of spatial cell attachment on carbon nanofiber patterns on polycarbonate urethane. Int J Nanomedicine 2006; 1:361-5. [PMID: 17717976 PMCID: PMC2426804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly aligned pattern of carbon nanofibers (CNF) on polycarbonate urethane (PCU) for tissue engineering applications was created by placing a CNF-ethanol solution in 30 microm width copper grid grooves on top of PCU. In vitro results provided the first evidence that fibroblasts and vascular smooth muscle cells selectively adhered to the PCU regions. However, endothelial cells did not display a preference for adhesion to the CNF compared with PCU regions. Previous studies have shown selective adhesion of osteoblasts (bone-forming cells) on CNF compared with PCU regions. Thus, the present results suggest that CNF aligned on PCU may be useful substrates for the control of spatial cell attachment, criteria useful for the design of a wide range of tissue engineering materials, from orthopedic to vascular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Bajaj
- Weldon School of Biomedical EngineeringWest Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Dongwoo Khang
- Department of Physics, Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette, IN, USA
- Division of Engineering, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Weldon School of Biomedical EngineeringWest Lafayette, IN, USA
- Division of Engineering, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI 02912, USA
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