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Selič-Zupančič P, Petek D, Jerala N. Exploring Personality Traits, Values, and Attitudes toward Professionalism: Implications for the Promotion of Mental Health and Functioning in Medical Students. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1732. [PMID: 39273756 PMCID: PMC11394833 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12171732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Healthcare workers face significant mental health challenges, including stress, burnout, and psychological distress, leading to high rates of mental health symptoms and even suicide attempts, as well as an increase in medication errors and unprofessional behavior. Targeted interventions are needed to address these issues. However, promoting healthier traits in medical students or refining selection could also prove beneficial, as research shows that mental health is significantly influenced by personality traits and personal values. This study examines the relationship between personality traits, values, and attitudes toward professionalism among medical students in Slovenia. A total of 996 participants were examined in three data collections from the academic years 2015-2016 to 2019-2020 using the Big Five Questionnaire, the Personal Values Scale, and the Attitude Toward Professionalism Scale. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the factors associated with professionalism. The results showed that attitudes toward professionalism were stable over the years, with higher scores consistently associated with the female gender, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. Conversely, material value orientation had a negative impact on professionalism. In addition, we examine the associations between mental health and personality traits, personal values, and attitudes toward professionalism to illustrate the importance of selecting and nurturing medical students, based on traits that promote mental health and professional behavior. These findings may lead to improvements in medical education and selection processes to improve the well-being and functioning of future medical professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polona Selič-Zupančič
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Poljanski Nasip 58, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Davorina Petek
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Poljanski Nasip 58, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nina Jerala
- University Psychiatric Clinic Ljubljana, Studenec 48, 1260 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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He H, Hong L, Jin W, Xu Y, Kang W, Liu J, Song J, Zheng T, Chen H, Zhao K. Heterogeneity of non-suicidal self-injury behavior in adolescents with depression: latent class analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:301. [PMID: 37127584 PMCID: PMC10152699 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04808-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) by adolescent patients with depression has become a serious public health problem. This cross-sectional study aims to identify subgroups of adolescents based on NSSI and explore the factors related to these subgroups. METHODS The study recruited 326 in- and out-patient adolescents (263 girls and 63 boys) aged 12 to 18 years (mean = 14.7, SD = 1.6) who had self-injured in the past year. Latent class indicators included 12 NSSI variables, as well as suicidal ideation. Logistic regression examined associations between identified classes and related factors. RESULTS In this study, two distinct subgroups were identified: a "high suicidal ideation NSSI group" (n = 129, 39.6%) and a "low suicidal ideation NSSI group" (n = 197, 60.4%). Depression (OR = 1.10; 95% CI, 1.05-1.16), female (OR = 2.01; 95% CI, 1.09-3.69), left-behind experience (OR = 2.08; 95% CI, 1.17-3.71), single-parent family (OR = 1.84; 95% CI, 1.11-3.04) and peer victimization (OR = 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02-1.05) increases the probability of belonging to the "high suicidal ideation NSSI group". A high level of perceived social support (OR = 0.99; 95% CI, 0.97-0.99) was a protective factor towards NSSI. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies two subgroups of NSSI and the factors associated with each subgroup. The early identification of high-risk groups for major NSSI in adolescents diagnosed with depression is possible due to the identification of correlating factors. Different treatment plans can be developed for different subtypes of NSSI to improve the effectiveness of prevention and intervention, promoting the healthy physical and mental development of adolescents with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- He He
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Lan Hong
- The Third Hospital of QuZhou, Quzhou, 324003, China
| | - Wei Jin
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yao Xu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Wei Kang
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jingyao Song
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Tiansheng Zheng
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Lishui Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China.
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, Wenzhou, China.
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Salman H, Powell L, Alsuwaidi L, Nair B, Tegginmani SA, Mohamadeya J, Zary N. Profiling of Learners in Medical Schools as a Move Toward Precision Education: Protocol for a Scoping Review. JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e41828. [DOI: 10.2196/41828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Academic experiences seek to get the best out of learners, maximizing performance and developing the skills and competencies needed to foster lifelong learning. The more personalized and tailored the academic experience among learners, the better the outcome. Precision education is a novel approach to research and practice, which is concerned with identifying and tailoring education to the precise needs of the learner. An emerging area of precision education is using data to develop learner profiles for a better understanding of individual learners relative to the characteristics and competencies of lifelong learners.
Objective
This scoping review aims to identify literature that reports on profiling learners within medical schools. Our review, as described in this paper, will describe the characteristics being measured, the methods and data sources used to generate profiles, and the resulting profiles that emerge. This review aims to provide guidance to those supporting medical school learners on the current state of learner profiling.
Methods
This scoping review will use the Population, Concept, and Context framework, published by Joanna Briggs Institute, adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. The search strategy was developed in collaboration with a library specialist. An initial search was conducted in PubMed, ERIC, Google Scholar, Cochrane, CINAHL, and SCOPUS. Data will be extracted, and 2 authors will undertake the screening procedure using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews checklist.
Results
The database searches yielded 166 results, and title and abstract screening of 135 extracted articles is currently underway after eliminating 31 duplicates. We anticipate the scoping review to be completed in the first week of October 2022. The final scoping review will present the findings in a narrative and pictorial fashion.
Conclusions
This review will help guide scholars looking to understand the current state of learner profiling within medical schools.
International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/41828
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Mao C, Lin M, Shen S, Li Y, Xie Z, Li P. Latent profiles of emotion regulation strategies associated with alexithymia, nonsuicidal self-injury and resilience among nursing students. Stress Health 2022; 38:69-78. [PMID: 34152072 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The present study sought to better understand the complex nature of emotion regulation in nursing students by exploring patterns of emotion regulation strategies (ERSs), and to examine the relationships between these unique profiles with alexithymia, nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and resilience. A total of 1960 nursing students (Mage = 19.56, SD = 1.13 years) were recruited. Using latent profile analysis, nursing students were classified into four profiles based on their ERS use: high reaction profile (HRP; 11.53%), medium reaction profile (MRP; 55.46%), adaptive reaction profile (ARP; 22.86%) and low reaction profile (LRP; 10.15%). This study found that relative to HRP and MRP, ARP and LRP showed a lower incidence of NSSI and alexithymia; HRP and ARP showed a higher level of resilience than MRP and LRP. Furthermore, LRP had the lowest level of resilience. This study highlights the importance of identifying the different ERS profiles among nursing students. Targeted programs are needed to enhance adaptive strategies and reduce maladaptive strategies to improve nursing students' psychological and behavioural performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Mao
- Department of Health Psychology, School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mingjing Lin
- Shandong Mental Health Center, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shiyu Shen
- Jinan Vocational College of Nursing, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Health Psychology, School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zihui Xie
- Department of Health Psychology, School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Health Psychology, School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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O’Tuathaigh CMP, Nadhirah Idris A, Duggan E, Costa P, Costa MJ. Medical students' empathy and attitudes towards professionalism: Relationship with personality, specialty preference and medical programme. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215675. [PMID: 31048851 PMCID: PMC6497245 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Existing research has suggested that self-reported empathy in medical students is moderated by personality traits and diverse demographic and educational factors including age, gender, nationality, career aspirations, as well as year of curriculum. It is unclear how empathy, personality, and background factors might impact on students’ attitudes towards professionalism in medicine. Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted in first and final year medical students at an Irish medical school. The following instruments were administered: (a) Jefferson Scale of Empathy; (b) NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI-3); (c) Attitudes towards Professionalism Scale. Demographic and educational variables were also measured. Descriptive and correlational analysis was conducted to examine the association between empathy, personality, professionalism-related attitudes and additional measures. Regression analysis was used to examine determinants of attitudes towards professional behaviour. Results Both selected NEO-FFI personality traits and empathy were independently associated with distinct categories of professional behaviour. Specifically, Openness to Experience was associated with higher empathy scores, and higher ‘Social responsibility’. Extraversion was linked with higher scores on the “Personal characteristics” and “Interactions with team” categories, while Conscientiousness was also positively associated with “Personal characteristics”. In agreement with previous studies, the personality traits most associated empathy were Agreeableness and Openness to Experience. Empathy did not vary according to programme year or career specialty preference. Conclusions This study is the first to show that empathy and personality factors may act as determinants of students’ attitudes towards medical professionalism in a manner which is dependent upon category of professional behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colm M. P. O’Tuathaigh
- Medical Education Unit, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Eileen Duggan
- Medical Education Unit, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Patricio Costa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Manuel João Costa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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