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Toyoshima K, Inoue T, Masuya J, Fujimura Y, Higashi S, Kusumi I. The mediating role of depressive symptoms and subjective cognitive dysfunction in the relationship between stressful life events and functional disability in adult community volunteers. J Affect Disord 2023; 330:110-116. [PMID: 36871914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stressful life events (SLE) impact psychosocial functioning. However, the psychological mechanism underlying the association between SLE and functional disability (FD) has not been fully elucidated. This study focused on whether depressive symptoms (DS) and subjective cognitive dysfunction (SCD) mediated the influence of SLE, comprising negative SLE (NSLE) and positive SLE (PSLE), on FD. METHODS A total of 514 adults from Tokyo, Japan, completed the self-administered questionnaires to evaluate DS, SCD, SLE, and FD. We investigated the relationships among the variables using path analysis. RESULTS Path analyses showed that NSLE positively affected FD directly (β = 0.253, p < .001), and indirectly via DS and SCD (β = 0.192, p < .001). PSLE negatively affected FD indirectly via DS and SCD (β = -0.068, p = .010), although PSLE did not affect FD directly (β = -0.049, p = .163). LIMITATIONS Causal relationships could not be determined owing to the cross-sectional design. All participants were recruited in Japan, which limits the generalization of findings to other countries. CONCLUSIONS DS and SCD, in this order, may partially mediate the positive effect of NSLE on FD. DS and SCD may fully mediate the negative effect of PSLE on FD. When considering the impact of SLE on FD, evaluating the mediating role of DS and SCD could be useful. Our findings may elucidate how perceived life stress affects daily functioning via depressive and cognitive symptoms. In the future, it is desirable to conduct a longitudinal study based on our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniyoshi Toyoshima
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Jiro Masuya
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Yota Fujimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo 193-0998, Japan
| | - Shinji Higashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Ibaraki Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-0395, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kusumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
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Toyoshima K, Inoue T, Shimura A, Masuya J, Fujimura Y, Higashi S, Kusumi I. Cognitive complaints mediate childhood parental bonding influence on presenteeism. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266226. [PMID: 35349609 PMCID: PMC8963541 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Childhood parental bonding and cognitive complaints (CCs) affect a worker’s mental health (MH), and CCs affect presenteeism. However, the impact of childhood parental bonding on presenteeism and the mediating effect of CCs with respect to the association among childhood parental bonding and presenteeism remain poorly understood. Aim We aimed to investigate the mediating role of CCs on the relationship between childhood parental bonding and presenteeism to better understand the influence of childhood parental bonding on adulthood presenteeism. Setting A total of 440 Japanese adult workers recruited using convenience sampling were evaluated. Methods The Parental Bonding Instrument, Cognitive Complaints in Bipolar Disorder Rating Assessment and Work Limitations Questionnaire 8 were used to assess childhood parental bonding, CCs, and presenteeism, respectively. We performed Spearman’s correlation analysis and path analysis to investigate the relationship among the variables. Results Path analysis revealed that childhood parental bonding and CCs significantly affected presenteeism. More specifically, CCs fully and partially mediated the effect of paternal and maternal care on presenteeism, respectively. Moreover, CCs partially mediated the effects of both paternal and maternal overprotection on presenteeism. Conclusion The mediating role of CCs on the relationship between childhood parental bonding and presenteeism was shown in this study. In occupational MH, evaluating the mediating effect of CCs may be useful for addressing adulthood presenteeism associated with childhood parental bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniyoshi Toyoshima
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Shimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jiro Masuya
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yota Fujimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Higashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Ibaraki Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kusumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Toyoshima K, Ichiki M, Inoue T, Shimura A, Masuya J, Fujimura Y, Higashi S, Kusumi I. Cognitive complaints mediate the influence of sleep disturbance and state anxiety on subjective well-being and ill-being in adult community volunteers: a cross sectional study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:566. [PMID: 35317767 PMCID: PMC8939175 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12936-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sleep disturbance, state anxiety, and cognitive complaints (CCs) have been recognized as important issues in public health. Although the mediating role of CCs has been proposed, their role in the relationships between sleep disturbance, state anxiety, and subjective well-being (SWB) and subjective ill-being (SIB) are not yet fully understood. This study used path analyses to investigate whether CCs mediate these relationships. Methods The study recruited 523 Japanese adult volunteers using convenience sampling. Participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (Form Y), Cognitive Complaints in Bipolar Disorder Rating Assessment, and Subjective Well-Being Inventory to evaluate sleep disturbance, state anxiety, CCs, and SWB and SIB, respectively. Path analyses were conducted to assess the mediating effects of CCs. Results The path analyses showed significant indirect associations of sleep disturbance and state anxiety with SWB (p = 0.024 and p = 0.012) and SIB (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001), respectively, mediated by CCs. Furthermore, there were significant indirect associations of sleep disturbance with CCs (p < 0.001), SWB (p < 0.001), and SIB (p < 0.001), via state anxiety, respectively. Conclusions This study suggests that CCs mediate the associations of sleep disturbance and state anxiety with SWB and SIB, respectively, in adult community volunteers. To address SWB and SIB associated with sleep disturbance and state anxiety, evaluating CCs may be useful in public mental health. Our findings will encourage health care workers to assess CCs more systematically. Future studies may need to target CCs to develop interventions for SWB and SIB. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-12936-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniyoshi Toyoshima
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Masahiko Ichiki
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Shimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Jiro Masuya
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Yota Fujimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo, 193-0998, Japan
| | - Shinji Higashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Ibaraki Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, 300-0395, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kusumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
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Toyoshima K, Ichiki M, Inoue T, Shimura A, Masuya J, Fujimura Y, Higashi S, Kusumi I. Subjective cognitive impairment and presenteeism mediate the associations of rumination with subjective well-being and ill-being in Japanese adult workers from the community. Biopsychosoc Med 2021; 15:15. [PMID: 34600577 PMCID: PMC8487485 DOI: 10.1186/s13030-021-00218-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, the roles of rumination, subjective cognitive impairment (SCI), and presenteeism have been emphasized in occupational mental health. However, associations between rumination, SCI, presenteeism, and psychological well-being are not fully understood. We hypothesized that SCI and presenteeism mediate the associations between rumination and subjective well-being (SWB) and subjective ill-being (SIB). Hence, we investigated the mediating roles of SCI and presenteeism in this study. Methods A total of 458 adult workers (mean age, 40.8±11.9 years; 44.1% male), who were recruited in Tokyo using convenience sampling, were analyzed in this study. The Ruminative Responses Scale, Cognitive Complaints in Bipolar Disorder Rating Assessment, Work Limitations Questionnaire 8, and Subjective Well-being Inventory were used to evaluate rumination, SCI, presenteeism, and psychological well-being (SWB and SIB), respectively. Path analyses were performed to evaluate the relations between these parameters. Results The path analysis indicated that rumination, SCI, and presenteeism were directly and negatively associated with SWB and SIB. Regarding indirect effects, rumination was negatively associated with SWB and SIB via SCI, presenteeism, and both SCI and presenteeism. Furthermore, SCI was negatively associated with SWB and SIB via presenteeism. Conclusions The results suggest that SCI and presenteeism mediate the associations of rumination with SWB and SIB in Japanese adult workers. To address the psychological well-being associated with rumination, evaluating SCI and presenteeism simultaneously may be useful in occupational mental health. This study provides key insights into the development of comprehensive intervention strategy based on the biopsychosocial perspective for worker’s psychological well-being. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13030-021-00218-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniyoshi Toyoshima
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Masahiko Ichiki
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Shimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Jiro Masuya
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Yota Fujimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, 1163, Tate-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 193-0998, Japan
| | - Shinji Higashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, 3-20-1 Chuo, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, 300-0395, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kusumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
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Toyoshima K, Inoue T, Shimura A, Masuya J, Fujimura Y, Higashi S, Kusumi I. The relationship among sleep reactivity, job-related stress, and subjective cognitive dysfunction: a cross-sectional study using path analysis. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2021; 59:229-238. [PMID: 34261824 PMCID: PMC8426552 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2020-0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Insomnia, job-related stress, and cognitive dysfunction affect the mental health of workers. However, the relationships among sleep reactivity, job-related stress, and subjective cognitive dysfunction in workers remains not fully understood. Therefore, this study seeks to investigate the relationships among these variables in Japanese adult workers. In total, 536 adult workers in Japan were evaluated using the Japanese version of Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test, Brief Job Stress Questionnaire, and Cognitive Complaints in Bipolar Disorder Rating Assessment to assess sleep reactivity, job-related stress, and subjective cognitive function, respectively. Path analysis was also carried out. The results of the path analysis showed that sleep reactivity significantly influenced on subjective cognitive dysfunction directly and indirectly via job stressors and stress reaction. Our results may not be generalizable to underage workers because only adult workers were included, which is a limitation of this study. The results of the present study suggest that job-related stress mediates the effect of sleep reactivity on subjective cognitive dysfunction in Japanese adult workers. This underscores the need to evaluate the mediating effect of job-related stress in addressing the subjective cognitive dysfunction associated with insomnia in workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniyoshi Toyoshima
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | | | - Jiro Masuya
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Yota Fujimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Japan
| | - Shinji Higashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Ibaraki Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kusumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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Toyoshima K, Inoue T, Shimura A, Uchida Y, Masuya J, Fujimura Y, Higashi S, Kusumi I. The mediating effects of perceived cognitive disturbances on reported sleep disturbance, presenteeism, and functional disability in Japanese adult workers. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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7
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Toyoshima K, Inoue T, Shimura A, Uchida Y, Masuya J, Fujimura Y, Higashi S, Kusumi I. Mediating Roles of Cognitive Complaints on Relationships between Insomnia, State Anxiety, and Presenteeism in Japanese Adult Workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094516. [PMID: 33923141 PMCID: PMC8123047 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Complaints of cognitive functions (CCFs), defined as subjective cognitive dysfunction, affect social function; additionally, for workers, this condition is an important factor in presenteeism and mediates the effect of depressive symptoms on presenteeism. This study aimed to investigate whether CCFs mediate the relationships among insomnia, state anxiety (SA), and presenteeism. Participants were 471 Japanese adult workers evaluated using the Athens Insomnia Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Form Y), Cognitive Complaints in Bipolar Disorder Rating Assessment, and Work Limitations Questionnaire 8 to assess insomnia, SA, CCFs, and presenteeism, respectively. Path analysis was used to evaluate the correlations between variables. CCFs significantly mediated the associations among insomnia, SA, and presenteeism. To address the presenteeism associated with insomnia and SA, it may be useful to assess the mediating roles of CCFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniyoshi Toyoshima
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-011-716-1161; Fax: +81-011-706-5081
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (T.I.); (A.S.); (Y.U.); (J.M.); (Y.F.); (S.H.)
| | - Akiyoshi Shimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (T.I.); (A.S.); (Y.U.); (J.M.); (Y.F.); (S.H.)
| | - Yoshihiro Uchida
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (T.I.); (A.S.); (Y.U.); (J.M.); (Y.F.); (S.H.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Ibaraki Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-0395, Japan
| | - Jiro Masuya
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (T.I.); (A.S.); (Y.U.); (J.M.); (Y.F.); (S.H.)
| | - Yota Fujimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (T.I.); (A.S.); (Y.U.); (J.M.); (Y.F.); (S.H.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 193-0998, Japan
| | - Shinji Higashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; (T.I.); (A.S.); (Y.U.); (J.M.); (Y.F.); (S.H.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Ibaraki Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-0395, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kusumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan;
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Toyoshima K, Ichiki M, Inoue T, Masuya J, Fujimura Y, Higashi S, Kusumi I. The Role of Cognitive Complaints in the Relationship Between Trait Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms, and Subjective Well-Being and Ill-Being in Adult Community Volunteers. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:1299-1309. [PMID: 33958871 PMCID: PMC8096453 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s303751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Trait anxiety, depressive symptoms, and cognitive complaints affect mental health. The mediating role of cognitive complaints has been reported recently. However, the mediating effects of cognitive complaints in the relationships between trait anxiety, depressive symptoms, and subjective well-being (SWB) and ill-being (SIB) remain unknown. Therefore, we used path analyses to investigate these mediating effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 554 adult community volunteers in Japan were studied using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Form Y), Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Cognitive Complaints in Bipolar Disorder Rating Assessment, and Subjective Well-Being Inventory. These assessment tools evaluated trait anxiety, depressive symptoms, cognitive complaints, SWB, and SIB. Path analyses were performed in this study. RESULTS Path analyses revealed that there were significant indirect effects, via cognitive complaints, of trait anxiety and depressive symptoms on SIB. However, there were no significant indirect effects of trait anxiety and depressive symptoms on SWB. There were significant indirect effects, via depressive symptoms, of trait anxiety on cognitive complaints, SWB, and SIB. CONCLUSION The role of cognitive complaints may be different between SWB and SIB associated with trait anxiety and depressive symptoms. Evaluating the mediating effect of cognitive complaints may be more useful on SIB than SWB associated with trait anxiety and depressive symptoms. These findings may be useful when considering intervention targets in mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniyoshi Toyoshima
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ichiki
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Jiro Masuya
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Yota Fujimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo, 193-0998, Japan
| | - Shinji Higashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo, 193-0998, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Ibaraki Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, Ibaraki, 300-0395, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kusumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
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Toyoshima K, Inoue T, Masuya J, Fujimura Y, Higashi S, Tanabe H, Kusumi I. Structural equation modeling approach to explore the influence of childhood maltreatment in adults. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239820. [PMID: 33002039 PMCID: PMC7529428 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Childhood maltreatment affects social functioning in the general adult population. However, how child abuse affects functional disability in adulthood remains unknown. Thus, we investigated the correlation between child abuse, depressive symptoms, cognitive complaints, and functional disability in adult community volunteers. Methods Participants (N = 556) completed the Child Abuse and Trauma Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Cognitive Complaints in Bipolar Disorder Rating Assessment, and Sheehan Disability Scale. Multiple regression analyses and structural equation modeling were performed to evaluate scale correlations. Results Structural equation modeling showed that the direct effect of childhood maltreatment on depressive symptoms, the indirect effect of childhood maltreatment on cognitive function via depressive symptoms, and the indirect effects of childhood maltreatment on functional disability via depressive symptoms and via cognitive function were all significant. The direct effects of childhood maltreatment on cognitive function and functional disability were not significant. There was no significant association between variables. Limitations Cross-sectional designs cannot identify causal relationships between parameters. Participants were adult volunteers from the community; therefore, results may not be generalizable to individuals with psychiatric disorders. Sociodemographic variability was a limitation because we used self-reported childhood maltreatment. Conclusions Childhood maltreatment indirectly affects functional disability via depressive symptoms and via cognitive function through depressive symptoms. We suggest that depressive symptoms and cognitive function play crucial roles in the influence of childhood maltreatment on functional disability in adult community volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniyoshi Toyoshima
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita, Nishi, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jiro Masuya
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yota Fujimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Higashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Ibaraki Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hajime Tanabe
- Department of Clinical Human Sciences, Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shizuoka University, Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kusumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita, Nishi, Sapporo, Japan
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