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Leandro LA, Zotz TGG, Camilotti BM, Olandoski M, Moreira CA. Effect of physical therapy on the isokinetic performance of knee flexors and extensors and functional balance in older adults with Parkinson's disease, according to severity. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Selenium Forms and Dosages Determined Their Biological Actions in Mouse Models of Parkinson's Disease. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010011. [PMID: 36615668 PMCID: PMC9824164 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se), an essential antioxidant trace element, is reported to play a role in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, there is a lack of systematic studies on different Se forms against PD. Our study is designed to compare the neuroprotective effects of inorganic and organic Se in two classical PD mice models and investigate the underlying mechanisms for their potentially differential actions against PD. In this study, different dosages of inorganic sodium selenite (Se-Na) or organic seleno-L-methionine (Se-Met) were fed to either acute or chronic PD mice models, and their neuroprotective effects and mechanisms were explored and compared. Se-Na provided better neuroprotective effects in PD mice than Se-Met administered at the same but at a relatively low Se dosage. Se-Na treatment could influence GPX activities but not their mRNA expressions in the midbrains of PD mice. The enhanced GPX activities caused by Se-Na, but not Se-Met, in PD mice could be the major reason for the positive actions of inorganic Se to prevent dopaminergic neuronal loss in this study. In vivo bio-distribution experiments found MPTP injection greatly changed Se bio-distribution in mice, which led to reversed alterations in the bioavailability of Se-Met and Se-Na. Se-Na had higher bioavailability than Se-Met in PD mice, which could explain its better neuroprotective effects compared to Se-Met. Our results proved that Se forms and dosages determined their biological actions in mouse models of PD. Our study will provide valuable scientific evidence to researchers and/or medical professionals in using Se for PD prevention or therapy.
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Li F, Wang D, Ba X, Liu Z, Zhang M. The comparative effects of exercise type on motor function of patients with Parkinson's disease: A three-arm randomized trial. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:1033289. [PMID: 36530197 PMCID: PMC9751317 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.1033289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yang-ge dancing is a culturally specific exercise in which people are required to perform motor skills in coordination with rhythmic music. As an integrated exercise with both physical (decelerating the progression of aged-related motor function degeneration) and mental benefits, it has gained great popularity in China, especially among middle-aged and older adults. It remains largely unknown whether Yang-ge dancing (YG) can effectively improve main symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), while conventional exercise rehabilitation program has been recommended in the hospital setting. To this end, this study aimed to investigate the comparative effects of exercise therapy on motor function of PD patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A sample of 51 PD patients were randomly assigned to Yang-ge dancing, conventional exercise, or conventional exercise with music. Participants in each group performed 60 min per session, five sessions per week of interventions for 4 weeks. All the participants were assessed using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-motor examination, Berg balance test, timed up and go test, and Purdue pegboard test. Motor performances were examined before and after intervention. RESULTS All the three groups were benefited from exercise. Compared to conventional exercise, the Yang-ge dancing and conventional exercise with music had additional positive effects in mobility with reference to baseline.In addition, compared to the two conventional exercise groups (either with/without music), the Yang-ge dancing further enhanced manual dexterity. CONCLUSION Exercise with rhythmic auditory stimulation optimized mobility in PD, while YG dance specifically contributed to improvement in manual dexterity. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTERATION [https://clinicaltrials.gov/], identifier [ChiCTR2200061252].
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Dongyu Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Center Hospital of Jinzhou, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Ba
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Zhan Liu
- Department of Physical Education and Health Education, Springfield College, Springfield, MA, United States
| | - Meiqi Zhang
- Department of Physical Education and Health Education, Springfield College, Springfield, MA, United States
- Learning-Based Recovery Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
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Chen F, Chen S, Si A, Luo Y, Hu W, Zhang Y, Ma J. The long-term trend of Parkinson’s disease incidence and mortality in China and a Bayesian projection from 2020 to 2030. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:973310. [PMID: 36185486 PMCID: PMC9520003 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.973310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Parkinson’s disease is a disabling degenerative disease of the central nervous system that occurs mainly in elderly people. The changes in the incidence and mortality of Parkinson’s disease at the national level in China over the past three decades have not been fully explored.Methods: Research data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study. The trends of crude and age-standardized incidence and mortality rates by gender of Parkinson’s disease in China were analyzed with the age-period-cohort model and the Joinpoint regression analysis. The effects of age, time period, and birth cohort on the incidence and mortality of Parkinson’s disease were estimated. The gender- and age-specific incidence and mortality rates of Parkinson’s disease from 2020 to 2030 were projected using the Bayesian age-period-cohort model with integrated nested Laplace approximations.Results: From 1990 to 2019, the annual percentage change of the age-standardized incidence rate was 0.8% (95% CI: 0.7%–0.8%) for males and 0.2% (95% CI, 0.2–0.2%) for females. And the age-standardized mortality rate for males was 2.9% (95% CI: 2.6%–3.2%) and 1.8% (95% CI: 1.5%–2.1%) for females. The results of the age-period-cohort analysis suggested that the risk and burden of Parkinson’s disease continued to increase for the last several decades. Projection analysis suggested that the overall Parkinson’s disease incidence will continue to increase for the next decades. It was projected that China would have 4.787 million Parkinson’s patients by the year 2030, however, the mortality of Parkinson’s disease for both genders in China may keep decreasing.Conclusion: Though the mortality risk may decrease, Parkinson’s disease continues to become more common for both genders in China, especially in the senior-aged population. The burden associated with Parkinson’s disease would continue to grow. Urgent interventions should be implemented to reduce the burden of Parkinson’s disease in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyao Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shiyu Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Aima Si
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Yaqi Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Weiwei Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuxiang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Jiaojiao Ma
- Department of Neurology, Xi’an Gaoxin Hospital, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Jiaojiao Ma
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Wang Y, Wu S, Li Q, Lang W, Li W, Jiang X, Wan Z, Chen J, Wang H. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate: A phytochemical as a promising drug candidate for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:977521. [PMID: 36172194 PMCID: PMC9511047 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.977521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG), an abundant polyphenolic component derived from green tea extract, possesses versatile bioactivities that can combat many diseases. During the last decade, EGCG was shown to be effective in experimental models of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Several experimental studies have suggested that it has pleiotropic neuroprotective effects, which has enhanced the appeal of EGCG as a therapeutic strategy in PD. In this review, we compiled recent updates and knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of EGCG in PD. We focused on the effects of EGCG on apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, ferroptosis, modulation of dopamine production, and the aggregation of α-synuclein. The review highlights the pharmacological features of EGCG and its therapeutic implications in PD. Taken together, the accumulated data indicate that EGCG is a promising neuroprotective compound for the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Weihong Lang
- Department of Psychological Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Xiaodong Jiang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Chifeng University Health Science Center, Chifeng, China
| | - Zhirong Wan
- Department of Neurology,Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jichao Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jichao Chen, ; Hongquan Wang,
| | - Hongquan Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Jichao Chen, ; Hongquan Wang,
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Zhang Y, Tong D, Zhao Y, Wang X, Chen Z, Yuan T. Analyses of n-back high-load working memory in early Parkinson's disease: An fMRI study. J Clin Neurosci 2022; 102:80-86. [PMID: 35738185 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is common in Parkinson's disease (PD). Working memory is a group of basic processes that is part of many cognitive operations (from complex decision-making to selective attention). To date, there is not sufficient research on working memory impairment in early PD patients, especially patients under high load. AIM The aim of this study was to observe the activation of brain regions in early PD patients during verbal high-load cognitive tasks and to explore the correlation between cognitive behavior indexes and gray matter areas of brain structure. METHODS A total of 45 participants were included: 15 healthy controls and 30 PD patients without dementia. They underwent BOLD imaging during a digital N-back working memory task in a 3 T scanner, and their high-resolution T1-weighted three-dimensional brain anatomical images were collected. The SPM12 standard method was used to generate a comparison map with 2 plus 3-back greater than 0-back, and with age, sex, levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD) and education as covariables, and multiple regression analysis was conducted to analyze the correlation between MOCA, MES and brain gray matter volume. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the frontoparietal region was significantly activated in patients with PD under the background of high working memory burden. In addition, there was a widespread area correlation between the brain structure and basic cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS The frontoparietal cortex is the core hub of working memory, and there may be a compensation mechanism in PD patients without dementia with a high-load of working memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Dan Tong
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongping Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Tingting Yuan
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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Liu XQ, Wang XY, Shen HM, Pang WY, Zhong MK, Ma CL. Real-World Prescription Patterns For Patients With Young-Onset Parkinson’s Disease in China: A Trend Analysis From 2014 to 2019. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:858139. [PMID: 35645835 PMCID: PMC9133339 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.858139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pharmacotherapy is one of the main treatments for patients with young-onset Parkinson’s disease (YOPD). Although numerous studies on the treatment of YOPD have been published, the real-world prescription patterns of these populations remain unclear in China.Methods A national comprehensive evaluation was performed to reveal the pharmacological treatment patterns in Chinese patients with Parkinson’s disease from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2019, with patients aged 21–50 years classified as having YOPD for the subgroup analysis. Information on patients and drugs was extracted to analyse the demographic characteristics, prescription patterns, and levodopa equivalent daily dose (LED) during disease progression.Results A total of 1,134 patients with YOPD were included, and the majority were aged 41–50 years. Prescription of L-DOPA/benserazide and pramipexole accounted for more than 30 and 20%, respectively, in each year from 2014 to 2019. There was no difference in prescription patterns in terms of age, sex and geographical areas. Half of the patients with YOPD were on monotherapy, but the proportion decreased from 2016. Correspondingly, the proportion of patients receiving polytherapy increased, especially those who were prescribed more than two anti-Parkinson’s disease drugs. During the disease course, LED showed high variability, which increased over time.Conclusion L-DOPA/benserazide and pramipexole were the most frequently prescribed anti-PD drugs for patients with YOPD in China. There was a slight trend in the transition from monotherapy to polytherapy. LED increased with disease duration. Thus, we provided an overview of the prescription patterns for patients with YOPD in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-qin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui-ming Shen
- Beijing Prescription Consulting Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Wen-yuan Pang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-kang Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun-lai Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Chun-lai Ma,
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Behl T, Madaan P, Sehgal A, Singh S, Makeen HA, Albratty M, Alhazmi HA, Meraya AM, Bungau S. Demystifying the Neuroprotective Role of Neuropeptides in Parkinson's Disease: A Newfangled and Eloquent Therapeutic Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094565. [PMID: 35562956 PMCID: PMC9099669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) refers to one of the eminently grievous, preponderant, tortuous nerve-cell-devastating ailments that markedly impacts the dopaminergic (DArgic) nerve cells of the midbrain region, namely the substantia nigra pars compacta (SN-PC). Even though the exact etiopathology of the ailment is yet indefinite, the existing corroborations have suggested that aging, genetic predisposition, and environmental toxins tremendously influence the PD advancement. Additionally, pathophysiological mechanisms entailed in PD advancement encompass the clumping of α-synuclein inside the lewy bodies (LBs) and lewy neurites, oxidative stress, apoptosis, neuronal-inflammation, and abnormalities in the operation of mitochondria, autophagy lysosomal pathway (ALP), and ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). The ongoing therapeutic approaches can merely mitigate the PD-associated manifestations, but until now, no therapeutic candidate has been depicted to fully arrest the disease advancement. Neuropeptides (NPs) are little, protein-comprehending additional messenger substances that are typically produced and liberated by nerve cells within the entire nervous system. Numerous NPs, for instance, substance P (SP), ghrelin, neuropeptide Y (NPY), neurotensin, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), nesfatin-1, and somatostatin, have been displayed to exhibit consequential neuroprotection in both in vivo and in vitro PD models via suppressing apoptosis, cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy, neuronal toxicity, microglia stimulation, attenuating disease-associated manifestations, and stimulating chondriosomal bioenergetics. The current scrutiny is an effort to illuminate the neuroprotective action of NPs in various PD-experiencing models. The authors carried out a methodical inspection of the published work procured through reputable online portals like PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Frontier, by employing specific keywords in the subject of our article. Additionally, the manuscript concentrates on representing the pathways concerned in bringing neuroprotective action of NPs in PD. In sum, NPs exert substantial neuroprotection through regulating paramount pathways indulged in PD advancement, and consequently, might be a newfangled and eloquent perspective in PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (P.M.); (A.S.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (T.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Piyush Madaan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (P.M.); (A.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (P.M.); (A.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (P.M.); (A.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Hafiz A. Makeen
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.M.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Mohammed Albratty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (H.A.A.)
| | - Hassan A. Alhazmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (H.A.A.)
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkarim M. Meraya
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.M.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: (T.B.); (S.B.)
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Wang Y, Gao L, Chen J, Li Q, Huo L, Wang Y, Wang H, Du J. Pharmacological Modulation of Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway as a Therapeutic Target of Parkinson's Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:757161. [PMID: 34887759 PMCID: PMC8650509 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.757161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder featuring both motor and nonmotor symptoms associated with a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Oxidative stress (OS) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. Genetic and environmental factors can produce OS, which has been implicated as a core contributor to the initiation and progression of PD through the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) orchestrates activation of multiple protective genes, including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which protects cells from OS. Nrf2 has also been shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects and modulate both mitochondrial function and biogenesis. Recently, a series of studies have reported that different bioactive compounds were shown to be able to activate Nrf2/antioxidant response element (ARE) and can ameliorate PD-associated neurotoxin, both in animal models and in tissue culture. In this review, we briefly overview the sources of OS and the association between OS and the pathogenesis of PD. Then, we provided a concise overview of Nrf2/ARE pathway and delineated the role played by activation of Nrf2/HO-1 in PD. At last, we expand our discussion to the neuroprotective effects of pharmacological modulation of Nrf2/HO-1 by bioactive compounds and the potential application of Nrf2 activators for the treatment of PD. This review suggests that pharmacological modulation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway by bioactive compounds is a therapeutic target of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Luyan Gao
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, The Fourth Central Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University, The Fourth Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jichao Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Liang Huo
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanchao Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Hongquan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jichen Du
- Department of Neurology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
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Qi S, Yin P, Wang L, Qu M, Kan GL, Zhang H, Zhang Q, Xiao Y, Deng Y, Dong Z, Shi Y, Meng J, Chan P, Wang Z. Prevalence of Parkinson's Disease: A Community-Based Study in China. Mov Disord 2021; 36:2940-2944. [PMID: 34390510 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND China's socioeconomic and population structures have evolved markedly during the past few decades, and consequently, monitoring the prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) is crucial. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of PD within Chinese communities, particularly in older people. METHODS A nationwide study of 24,117 participants, aged 60 years or older, was carried out in 2015 using multistage clustered sampling. All participants were initially screened using a nine-item questionnaire, from which those suspected of having PD were examined by neurologists and a diagnosis was given, according to the 2015 Movement Disorder Society Clinical Diagnostic Criteria. RESULTS The prevalence of PD was 1.37% (95% confidence interval 1.02%-1.73%) in people aged over 60 years. Thus, the estimated total number of people in China with PD could be as high as 3.62 million. CONCLUSIONS Although the PD population prevalence percentage did not change significantly, the total number of PD sufferers has increased with the increased population, which poses a significant challenge in a rapidly aging population. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shige Qi
- Department of Elderly Health, National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Yin
- Department of Elderly Health, National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Linhong Wang
- Department of Elderly Health, National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Qu
- Division of Public Health, Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Ge Lin Kan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Elderly Health, National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Qingjun Zhang
- Department of Noncomunicable Disease, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China
| | - Yize Xiao
- Department of Noncomunicable Disease, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Deng
- Department of Noncomunicable Disease, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhong Dong
- Department of Noncomunicable Disease, Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Department of Noncomunicable Disease, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Meng
- Department of Noncomunicable Disease, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, China
| | - Piu Chan
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Department of Elderly Health, National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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Yang Q, Zhuang J, Cai P, Li L, Wang R, Chen Z. JKAP relates to disease risk, severity, and Th1 and Th17 differentiation in Parkinson's disease. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2021; 8:1786-1795. [PMID: 34289265 PMCID: PMC8419400 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective JNK pathway‐associated phosphatase (JKAP) is previously reported to regulate immune/inflammatory process via T‐cell signaling, and closely involves in neurological diseases, while its implication in Parkinson's disease (PD) is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the correlation of JKAP with Th1/Th2/Th17 cells and their clinical roles in PD patients, and then further explore the effect of JKAP on regulating CD4+ T‐cell differentiation in PD. Methods Totally 50 PD patients and 50 age‐/gender‐matched controls were enrolled. Their blood samples were collected and proposed to ELISA and flow cytometry assays for JKAP, Th1, Th2, and Th17 measurements. In vitro, CD4+ T cells were isolated from PD patients then transfected with JKAP overexpression and knockdown Lentivirus, followed by detection of markers (CD25+ cell proportion, CD69+ cell proportion, IFN‐γ, IL10, and IL17). Results JKAP was downregulated in PD patients compared to controls, which also showed good potency to discriminate them. Besides, JKAP negatively correlated with Th1 and Th17 cell proportions, but did not associate with Th2 cell proportion in PD patients; Interestingly, JKAP did not correlated with Th1, Th2, or Th17 cell proportions in controls. Furthermore, JKAP correlated with some parts of unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. In vitro, JKAP overexpression repressed CD4+ T‐cell activation and its differentiation into Th1 and Th17 cells in PD, while JKAP knockdown appeared opposite effect. Interpretation JKAP associates with disease risk and severity, correlates with Th1 and Th17 cells, and regulates CD4+ T‐cell activation/differentiation in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Yang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jingcong Zhuang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Pingping Cai
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Longling Li
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhongjie Chen
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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12
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Cacabelos R, Carrera I, Martínez O, Alejo R, Fernández-Novoa L, Cacabelos P, Corzo L, Rodríguez S, Alcaraz M, Nebril L, Tellado I, Cacabelos N, Pego R, Naidoo V, Carril JC. Atremorine in Parkinson's disease: From dopaminergic neuroprotection to pharmacogenomics. Med Res Rev 2021; 41:2841-2886. [PMID: 34106485 DOI: 10.1002/med.21838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Atremorine is a novel bioproduct obtained by nondenaturing biotechnological processes from a genetic species of Vicia faba. Atremorine is a potent dopamine (DA) enhancer with powerful effects on the neuronal dopaminergic system, acting as a neuroprotective agent in Parkinson's disease (PD). Over 97% of PD patients respond to a single dose of Atremorine (5 g, p.o.) 1 h after administration. This response is gender-, time-, dose-, and genotype-dependent, with optimal doses ranging from 5 to 20 g/day, depending upon disease severity and concomitant medication. Drug-free patients show an increase in DA levels from 12.14 ± 0.34 pg/ml to 6463.21 ± 1306.90 pg/ml; and patients chronically treated with anti-PD drugs show an increase in DA levels from 1321.53 ± 389.94 pg/ml to 16,028.54 ± 4783.98 pg/ml, indicating that Atremorine potentiates the dopaminergic effects of conventional anti-PD drugs. Atremorine also influences the levels of other neurotransmitters (adrenaline, noradrenaline) and hormones which are regulated by DA (e.g., prolactin, PRL), with no effect on serotonin or histamine. The variability in Atremorine-induced DA response is highly attributable to pharmacogenetic factors. Polymorphic variants in pathogenic (SNCA, NUCKS1, ITGA8, GPNMB, GCH1, BCKDK, APOE, LRRK2, ACMSD), mechanistic (DRD2), metabolic (CYP2D6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP3A4/5, NAT2), transporter (ABCB1, SLC6A2, SLC6A3, SLC6A4) and pleiotropic genes (APOE) influence the DA response to Atremorine and its psychomotor and brain effects. Atremorine enhances DNA methylation and displays epigenetic activity via modulation of the pharmacoepigenetic network. Atremorine is a novel neuroprotective agent for dopaminergic neurons with potential prophylactic and therapeutic activity in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Cacabelos
- Department of Genomic Medicine, EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, Spain
| | - Iván Carrera
- Department of Health Biotechnology, EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, Spain
| | - Olaia Martínez
- Department of Medical Epigenetics, EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, Spain
| | | | | | - Pablo Cacabelos
- Department of Digital Diagnosis, EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, Spain
| | - Lola Corzo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, Spain
| | - Susana Rodríguez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, Spain
| | - Margarita Alcaraz
- Department of Genomic Medicine, EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, Spain
| | - Laura Nebril
- Department of Genomic Medicine, EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, Spain
| | - Iván Tellado
- Department of Digital Diagnosis, EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, Spain
| | - Natalia Cacabelos
- Department of Medical Documentation, EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, Spain
| | - Rocío Pego
- Department of Neuropsychology, EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, Spain
| | - Vinogran Naidoo
- Department of Neuroscience, EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, Spain
| | - Juan C Carril
- Department of Genomics & Pharmacogenomics, EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, Spain
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13
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Li J, Dai X, Zhou L, Li X, Pan D. Edaravone Plays Protective Effects on LPS-Induced Microglia by Switching M1/M2 Phenotypes and Regulating NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:691773. [PMID: 34135761 PMCID: PMC8201503 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.691773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder in which activated microglia may appear prior to motor symptoms, but the specific therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the potential effects of Edaravone (EDA) on M1/M2 polarization of microglia in rats with dopaminergic neurons damage induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and its mechanism. Rats were randomly grouped as the following (n = 10): Control, EDA alone (10 mg/kg), LPS-model (LPS 5 μg), LPS + EDA (5 mg/kg) and LPS + EDA (10 mg/kg). After intragastric administration of EDA once a day for seven consecutive days, LPS was injected into SN pars unilaterally. Rotarod test, pole test, and traction test were used to analyze the intervention effect of EDA on neurobehavioral function in rats. Protein expression levels of TH, TNF-α, Arg-1, Iba-1, NLRP3 and caspase-1 were measured by immunofluorescence staining and western blot. In vitro, BV-2 cells were treated with LPS (100 ng/ml) before adding different doses of EDA. Levels of inflammatory cytokines in culture medium were detected by ELISA. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate microglial activation and polarization. First, rotarod test, pole test, and traction test all showed that EDA mitigated motor dysfunction of PD rats. Second, pathological analysis suggested that EDA inhibited LPS-induced microglial activation and remitted declines of dopaminergic neurons. In addition, EDA shifted M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype of microglia to M2 anti-inflammatory state, while decreased expression of M1 markers (TNF-α and IL-1β) and facilitated expression of M2 markers (Arg-1 and IL-10). EDA suppressed inflammatory responses through inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-18 and NO), but the neuroprotective effects were invalid while siRNA NLRP3 existed. In conclusion, these results indicated that EDA could improve neurobehavioral functions and play anti-neuroinflammatory roles in PD rats, possibly by inhibiting NLPR3 inflammasome activation and regulating microglia M1/M2 polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiping Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Xinping Dai
- Department of Emergency, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Liuyi Zhou
- Operating Room, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xinxiu Li
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Hwamei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Dongxiao Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
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14
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Cacabelos R, Carrera I, Martínez O, Naidoo V, Cacabelos N, Aliev G, Carril JC. Influence of dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin transporters on the pharmacogenetics of Atremorine in Parkinson's disease. Drug Dev Res 2021; 82:695-706. [PMID: 33458869 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Atremorine is a potent dopamine (DA) enhancer obtained by nondenaturing biotechnological processes from a genetic species of Vicia faba. Atremorine affects the neuronal dopaminergic system by acting as a neuroprotective agent against Parkinson's disease (PD). PD patients (N = 127) responded to a single dose of Atremorine (5 g, p.o.) 1 h after administration in a sex-, time-, dose-, and genotype-dependent fashion. Drug-free patients (N = 81) showed an increase in DA levels from 12.14 ± 0.34 pg/ml to 6463.21 ± 1306.90 pg/ml; and patients chronically treated with anti-PD drugs (N = 46) showed an increase in DA levels from 1321.53 ± 389.94 pg/ml to 16,028.54 ± 4783.98 pg/ml, indicating that Atremorine potentiates the dopaminergic effect of conventional anti-PD drugs. The variability in Atremorine-induced DA response is strongly attributable to pharmacogenetic factors. Polymorphic variants in pathogenic, mechanistic, metabolic, transporter, and pleiotropic genes influence the DA response to Atremorine. Genetic variation in the DA (SLC6A3; rs460000), noradrenaline (NA) (SLC6A2; rs12708954, rs3785143, rs5569), and serotonin (5-HT) transporter (SLC6A4; rs2020934, rs2020936, rs4251417, rs6354) genes exert a genotype-dependent Atremorine-induced DA response in PD, with potential impact on the DA-related pharmacogenetic outcome and minimum effects on NA and 5-HT levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Cacabelos
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, Spain
| | - Iván Carrera
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, Spain
| | - Olaia Martínez
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, Spain
| | - Vinogran Naidoo
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, Spain
| | - Natalia Cacabelos
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, Spain
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, Spain.,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation.,Research Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Science, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.,GALLY International Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Juan C Carril
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, Bergondo, Spain
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15
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Sun Z, Ma X, Yang H, Chen S, He S, Sun R, Lu H, Zhang J. Characterization of Age-dependent Behavior Deficits in the PGC-1α Knockout Mouse, in Relevance to the Parkinson's Disease Model. Neuroscience 2020; 440:39-47. [PMID: 32439544 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a disorder of adult onset involving the progressive degeneration of selective portions of the central nervous system. It is known that mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of PD. Given that PGC-1α induces proliferation of mitochondria via transcription regulation, it is possible that PGC-1α pathway dysregulation is involved in PD pathogenesis. To determine how derangement of the PGC-1α pathway in age contributes to PD, in this study, we have characterized the number of dopaminergic neuron in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), motor behaviors and related expression of mitochondrial markers (CoxIV, SDHA, and Tomm20) in the ventral midbrains of PGC-1α null mice. We found an overall decrease in spontaneous, voluntary movements and severely impaired motor coordination in all age groups (10 months and 20 months) of PGC-1α null mice, while pole testing detected impaired motor activity in older PGC-1α null mice only. TH-positive neurons were significantly less in older PGC-1α null mice. Concentration of DA as well as its two metabolites reduced in an age-dependent manner in PGC-1α null mice. Expression of CoxIV, SDHA and Tomm20 also significantly decreased in the ventral midbrains of 10-month-old PGC-1α null mice. Thus, PGC-1α KO in mice induced dopaminergic neuron degeneration in the SNpc and DA deficits in the striatum in an age-dependent manner. Progressive impairment of motor coordination in an age-dependent manner was correlated to the extent of nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway degeneration and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikun Sun
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Cerebrovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Xingrong Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450052, China
| | - Hongqi Yang
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Cerebrovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Cerebrovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Shuang He
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Cerebrovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Ruihua Sun
- Department of Neurology, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450052, China
| | - Hong Lu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450052, China.
| | - Jiewen Zhang
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Cerebrovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China.
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16
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Cacabelos R. Pharmacogenomics of drugs used to treat brain disorders. EXPERT REVIEW OF PRECISION MEDICINE AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/23808993.2020.1738217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Cacabelos
- International Center of Neuroscience and Genomic Medicine, EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Corunna, Spain
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17
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Wu H, Li H, Shi Z, Tang J, Mei S, Ai T, He Z. Association between NMD3 and symptoms of Parkinson's disease in Chinese patients. BMC Neurol 2020; 20:19. [PMID: 31937261 PMCID: PMC6961280 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-019-1574-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder that is characterized by motor symptoms such as tremor, rigidity, slowness of movement and problems with gait. Large-scale meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified few susceptibility loci in patients with sporadic PD. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between NMD3 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and symptoms in PD patients in South China. Methods A total of 217 PD patients were recruited in this study and genotyped by using the SNaPshot technique and the polymerase chain reaction. All subjects were evaluated by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Beijing version Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Sniffin’ Sticks 16 (SS-16), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) and MDS Unified PD Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). Results NMD3 rs34016896 (C > T) carriers have worse cognitive function than wild types (MMSE: p = 0.042, NMD3 wild type: 27.44 ± 2.89, NMD3 carriers: 26.31 ± 3.79; MoCA: p = 0.005, NMD3 wild type: 23.15 ± 4.20, NMD3 carriers: 20.75 ± 6.68). Conclusions The recessive and overdominant model of NMD3 rs34016896 was associated with cognitive impairment in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2000 Jiangyue Road, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2000 Jiangyue Road, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Zhiqiang Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2000 Jiangyue Road, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Jiajia Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2000 Jiangyue Road, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Shuya Mei
- Department of Anesthesiology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2000 Jiangyue Road, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Tianyi Ai
- Department of Anesthesiology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2000 Jiangyue Road, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Zhenzhou He
- Department of Anesthesiology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2000 Jiangyue Road, Shanghai, 201112, China.
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Du B, Xue Q, Liang C, Fan C, Liang M, Zhang Y, Bi X, Hou L. Association between alpha-synuclein (SNCA) rs11931074 variability and susceptibility to Parkinson's disease: an updated meta-analysis of 41,811 patients. Neurol Sci 2019; 41:271-280. [PMID: 31758346 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-019-04107-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common forms of neurodegenerative disorders, and its etiology remains unclear. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of alpha-synuclein (SNCA) have been found to be significantly associated with PD risk. In particular, the variant rs11931074 was found in one meta-analysis to appear to play a role in the occurrence of PD. This finding has been questioned in subsequent studies, however. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between PD risk and rs11931074 polymorphism. METHODS We performed a systematic online search, including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), aiming to identify case-control studies looking at the role of rs11931074 in PD. We performed calculations of pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) to assess the associations, and subgroup meta-analyses to verify differences between various ethnicities of different study populations. RESULTS A total of 13 studies involving 13,403 cases and 28,408 controls met the inclusion criteria after assessment by two reviewers. Overall, there exists significant associations between SNCA rs11931074 polymorphism and the risk of PD under five genetic models (allele contrast model: T vs. G, OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.12-1.45, P = 0.0001; homozygote model: TG vs. GG, OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.17-2.05, P = 0.002; heterozygote model (TT vs. GG, OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.05-1.42, P = 0.009; dominant model: TG+TT vs. GG: OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.05-1.50, P = 0.01 and recessive model: TT vs. TG+GG: OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.18-1.68, P = 0.0002). When ethnicities were stratified, significant associations were found in the allelic, homozygote, and recessive models for Asians, and in the allelic model for Caucasians. CONCLUSION SNCA rs11931074 polymorphism is found to be associated with PD risk and this risk appears to be influenced by genetic status and ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingying Du
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Caiquan Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cunxiu Fan
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Liang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Xiaoying Bi
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lijun Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Neurosurgical Institute, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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RETRACTED: Long non-coding RNA Mirt2 prevents TNF-α-triggered inflammation via the repression of microRNA-101. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 76:105878. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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20
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Zhang Q, Hu C, Huang J, Liu W, Lai W, Leng F, Tang Q, Liu Y, Wang Q, Zhou M, Sheng F, Li G, Zhang R. ROCK1 induces dopaminergic nerve cell apoptosis via the activation of Drp1-mediated aberrant mitochondrial fission in Parkinson's disease. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-13. [PMID: 31578315 PMCID: PMC6802738 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0318-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine deficiency is mainly caused by apoptosis of dopaminergic nerve cells in the substantia nigra of the midbrain and the striatum and is an important pathologic basis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Recent research has shown that dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-mediated aberrant mitochondrial fission plays a crucial role in dopaminergic nerve cell apoptosis. However, the upstream regulatory mechanism remains unclear. Our study showed that Drp1 knockdown inhibited aberrant mitochondrial fission and apoptosis. Importantly, we found that ROCK1 was activated in an MPP+-induced PD cell model and that ROCK1 knockdown and the specific ROCK1 activation inhibitor Y-27632 blocked Drp1-mediated aberrant mitochondrial fission and apoptosis of dopaminergic nerve cells by suppressing Drp1 dephosphorylation/activation. Our in vivo study confirmed that Y-27632 significantly improved symptoms in a PD mouse model by inhibiting Drp1-mediated aberrant mitochondrial fission and apoptosis. Collectively, our findings suggest an important molecular mechanism of PD pathogenesis involving ROCK1-regulated dopaminergic nerve cell apoptosis via the activation of Drp1-induced aberrant mitochondrial fission. Researchers in China have revealed how a protein molecule plays an early part in the molecular steps that can lead to Parkinson’s disease, which is caused by the death of nerve cells that make the neurotransmitter dopamine. Disruption of mitochondria, the energy-generating bodies inside cells, was already known to lead to the death of dopamine-producing cells. Rong Zhang, Guobing Li and colleagues at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University in Chongqing, China traced the chain of cause and effect back to a protein called ROCK-1. Using a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease, they found that ROCK-1 activates another protein previously shown to trigger the disruption of mitochondria. ROCK-1’s early role in the sequence might make it a suitable target for treatment using drugs that inhibit its activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, 400037, Chongqing, China
| | - Changpeng Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, 400037, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingbin Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, 400037, Chongqing, China
| | - Wuyi Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, 400037, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenjing Lai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, 400037, Chongqing, China
| | - Faning Leng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, 400037, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, 400037, Chongqing, China
| | - Yali Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, 400037, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, 400037, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, 400037, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangfang Sheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, 400037, Chongqing, China
| | - Guobing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, 400037, Chongqing, China.
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, 400037, Chongqing, China.
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The diagnostic value of SNpc using NM-MRI in Parkinson’s disease: meta-analysis. Neurol Sci 2019; 40:2479-2489. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-019-04014-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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22
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Parkinson's disease in the Western Pacific Region. Lancet Neurol 2019; 18:865-879. [PMID: 31175000 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(19)30195-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
1·8 billion people of diverse ethnicities and cultures live in the Western Pacific Region. The increasing longevity of populations in this region is a major contributor to the exponential increase in Parkinson's disease prevalence worldwide. Differences exist between Parkinson's disease in the Western Pacific Region and in Europe and North America that might provide important insights into our understanding of the disease and approaches to management. For example, some genetic factors (such as LRRK2 mutations or variants) differ, environmental exposures might play differential roles in modulating the risk of Parkinson's disease, and fewer dyskinesias are reported, with some differences in the profile of non-motor symptoms and comorbidities. Gaps in awareness of the disease and inequitable access to treatments pose challenges. Further improvements in infrastructure, clinical governance, and services, and concerted collaborative efforts in training and research, including greater representation of the Western Pacific Region in clinical trials, will improve care of patients with Parkinson's disease in this region and beyond.
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Han X, Sun S, Sun Y, Song Q, Zhu J, Song N, Chen M, Sun T, Xia M, Ding J, Lu M, Yao H, Hu G. Small molecule-driven NLRP3 inflammation inhibition via interplay between ubiquitination and autophagy: implications for Parkinson disease. Autophagy 2019; 15:1860-1881. [PMID: 30966861 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1596481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging-related, nonresolving inflammation in both the central nervous system (CNS) and periphery predisposes individuals to the development of neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). Inflammasomes are thought to be especially relevant to immune homeostasis, and their dysregulation contributes to inflammation and NDDs. However, few agents have been clinically shown to reduce NDD incidence by targeting inflammasomes. Our study indicated that NLRP3 (NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3) inflammasome is involved in Parkinson disease (PD) progression in patients and various murine models. In addition, the small molecule kaempferol (Ka) protected mice against LPS- and SNCA-induced neurodegeneration by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation as evidenced by the fact that Ka reduced cleaved CASP1 expression and disrupted NLRP3-PYCARD-CASP1 complex assembly with concomitant decreased IL1B secretion. Mechanically, Ka promoted macroautophagy/autophagy in microglia, leading to reduced NLRP3 protein expression, which in turn deactivated the NLRP3 inflammasome. Intriguingly, ubiquitination was involved in Ka-induced autophagic NLRP3 degradation. These findings were further confirmed in vivo as knockdown of Atg5 expression or autophagy inhibitor treatment significantly inhibited the Ka-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition and neurodegeneration amelioration. Thus, we demonstrated that Ka promotes neuroinflammatory inhibition via the cooperation of ubiquitination and autophagy, suggesting that Ka is a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of NDDs. Abbreviations: 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; AAV: adeno-associated virus; ACTB: actin, beta; AIF1/IBA1: allograft inflammatory factor 1; ATG5: autophagy related 5; ATG7: autophagy related 7; BafA1: bafilomycin A1; BECN1: beclin 1, autophagy related; CASP1: caspase 1; CNS: central nervous system; CQ: chloroquine; DA neurons: dopaminergic neurons; DAMPS: damage-associated molecular patterns; DAPI: 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GFP: green fluorescent protein; GFAP: glial fibrillary acidic protein; IP: immunoprecipitation; i.p.: intraperitoneally; Ka: kaempferol; KD: knockdown; KO: knockout; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; IL1B: interleukin 1 beta; IL6: interleukin 6; Ly: lysate; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MPTP: 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; NC: negative control; NDD: neurodegenerative diseases; NLRP3: NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3; OE: overexpression; PD: Parkinson disease; poly-Ub: poly-ubiquitin; PTM: post-translational modification; PYCARD/ASC: PYD and CARD domain containing; Rapa: rapamycin; RFP: red fluorescent protein; SN: supernatant; SNCA: synuclein alpha; SNpc: substantia nigra pars compacta; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; TH: tyrosine hydroxylase; TNF/TNF-alpha: tumor necrosis factor; Ub: ubiquitin; WT: wild type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Sifan Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Yiming Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Qiqi Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Jialei Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Nanshan Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Miaomiao Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Meiling Xia
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Jianhua Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Ming Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Honghong Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Gang Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
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24
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Zhang Z, Wang J, Chen S, Liu C, Zhang B, Peng R, Sun S, Sun X, Zhao G, Qu Q, Li Y, Zhu S, Pan X, Shao M, Wang Y. Efficacy and safety of rasagiline in Chinese patients with early Parkinson's disease: a randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled, fixed-dose study. Transl Neurodegener 2018; 7:32. [PMID: 30534374 PMCID: PMC6282325 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-018-0137-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rasagiline is a monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor used for Parkinson's disease (PD) treatment, but its effectiveness on Chinese patients is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rasagiline monotherapy in Chinese patients with early PD. Methods A 26-weeks, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study has been performed at 15 sites in China and enrolled outpatients (≥35 years old) with idiopathic PD without a history of using any dopaminergic drugs. Participants were randomized 1:1 to receive rasagiline 1 mg once daily or placebo. The primary endpoint was the change of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) total score from baseline to 26 weeks treatment. Secondary endpoints included changes in UPDRS subscale scores from part I to III. Health status was assessed with the PD Questionnaire (PDQ)-39 and EuroQol-Five-Dimension (EQ-5D) questionnaire. Safety profile was collected until 30 weeks after randomization. Results A total of 130 patients (n = 65/group) were recruited, and 127 (rasagiline, n = 64; placebo, n = 63) were included in the full analysis set. Baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups. The decrease in the mean UPDRS total score was greater in the rasagiline group than in the placebo group (- 3.18 ± 0.95 vs. - 0.18 ± 0.98, P = 0.025), and the mean UPDRS part I non-motor symptoms score (- 0.54 ± 0.15 vs. -0.08 ± 0.15, P = 0.003) were significantly decreased in the rasagiline group compared with placebo treated patients. An improvement trend was observed in the active treatment group for the subscales evaluation with parts II and III, while the difference to placebo was not statistically significant. Life quality assessed by the EQ-5D visual analog scale improved in the rasagiline group but worsened in placebo treated patients. The overall incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) was slightly lower in the rasagiline group (41.5%) than in the placebo group (46.2%). Conclusions Rasagiline is effective, safe, and well tolerated as monotherapy for the treatment of Chinese PD patients. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01556165. Registered 13 Mar 2012.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxin Zhang
- 1Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- 2Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengdi Chen
- 3Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunfeng Liu
- 4The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Baorong Zhang
- 5The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou China
| | - Rong Peng
- 6West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shenggang Sun
- 7Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangru Sun
- 8Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- 9Xijing Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiumin Qu
- 10The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yansheng Li
- 11Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Suiqiang Zhu
- 12Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoping Pan
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Shao
- 14The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- 15The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhang Z, Shao M, Chen S, Liu C, Peng R, Li Y, Wang J, Zhu S, Qu Q, Zhang X, Chen H, Sun X, Wang Y, Sun S, Zhang B, Li J, Pan X, Zhao G. Adjunct rasagiline to treat Parkinson's disease with motor fluctuations: a randomized, double-blind study in China. Transl Neurodegener 2018; 7:14. [PMID: 29988514 PMCID: PMC6026338 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-018-0119-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The use of adjunct rasagiline in levodopa-treated patients with Parkinson’s disease and motor fluctuations is supported by findings from large-scale clinical studies. This study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of adjunct rasagiline in Chinese patients with Parkinson’s disease, as a product registration study. Methods This 16-week, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, multicenter, placebo-controlled study of rasagiline 1 mg/day included levodopa-treated patients with Parkinson’s disease and motor fluctuations. The primary efficacy endpoint was mean change from baseline in total daily OFF time over 16 weeks. Secondary endpoints were Clinical Global Impressions – Improvement (CGI-I), and change in Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) Activities of daily living (ADL) and Motor scores. Patient well-being (EQ-5D), and the frequency of adverse events were also assessed. Results In total, 324 levodopa-treated patients were randomized to rasagiline 1 mg/day (n = 165) or placebo (n = 159). Over 16 weeks, rasagiline statistically significantly reduced the mean [95% confidence interval] total daily OFF time versus placebo (− 0.5 h [− 0.92, − 0.07]; p = 0.023). There were also statistically significant improvements versus placebo in CGI-I (− 0.4 points [− 0.61, − 0.22]; p < 0.001), UPDRS-ADL OFF (− 1.0 points [− 1.75, − 0.27]; p = 0.008), and UPDRS-Motor ON (− 1.6 points [− 3.05, − 0.14]; p = 0.032) scores, as well as the EQ-5D utility index (p < 0.05). Rasagiline was safe and well tolerated. Conclusions In levodopa-treated Chinese patients with Parkinson’s disease and motor fluctuations, adjunct rasagiline 1 mg/day statistically significantly reduced OFF time, and improved daily function and overall well-being, versus placebo. Consistent with findings in other countries, adjunct rasagiline was proven efficacious and well tolerated in Chinese patients. Trial registration number NCT01479530. Registered 22 November 2011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxin Zhang
- 1Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, 53 Dongdan N St, Dongcheng, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Shao
- 2Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengdi Chen
- 3Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunfeng Liu
- 4Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Rong Peng
- 5Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yansheng Li
- 6Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wang
- 7Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Suiqiang Zhu
- 8Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiumin Qu
- 9Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- 10Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haibo Chen
- 11Department of Neurology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangru Sun
- 12Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- 13Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenggang Sun
- 14Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Baorong Zhang
- 15Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, Hangzhou China
| | - Jimei Li
- 16Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoping Pan
- 17Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- 18Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Han X, Zhu J, Zhang X, Song Q, Ding J, Lu M, Sun S, Hu G. Plin4-Dependent Lipid Droplets Hamper Neuronal Mitophagy in the MPTP/p-Induced Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:397. [PMID: 29967574 PMCID: PMC6015897 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that both lipid metabolism disorder and mitochondrial dysfunction are correlated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), including Parkinson’s disease (PD). Emerging evidence suggests that deposition of intracellular lipid droplets (LDs) participates in lipotoxicity and precedes neurodegeneration. Perilipin family members were recognized to facilitate LD movement and cellular signaling interactions. However, the direct interaction between Perilipin-regulated LD deposition and mitochondrial dysfunction in dopaminergic (DA) neurons remains obscure. Here, we demonstrate a novel type of lipid dysregulation involved in PD progression as evidenced by upregulated expression of Plin4 (a coating protein and regulator of LDs), and increased intracellular LD deposition that correlated with the loss of TH-ir (Tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive) neurons in the MPTP/p-induced PD model mouse mesencephalon. Further, in vitro experiments showed that inhibition of LD storage by downregulating Plin4 promoted survival of SH-SY5Y cells. Mechanistically, reduced LD storage restored autophagy, leading to alleviation of mitochondrial damage, which in turn promoted cell survival. Moreover, the parkin-poly-Ub-p62 pathway was involved in this Plin4/LD-induced inhibition of mitophagy. These findings were further confirmed in primary cultures of DA-nergic neurons, in which autophagy inhibitor treatment significantly countermanded the ameliorations conferred by Plin4 silencing. Collectively, these experiments demonstrate that a dysfunctional Plin4/LD/mitophagy axis is involved in PD pathology and suggest Plin4-LDs as a potential biomarker as well as therapeutic strategy for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jialei Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinlei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiqi Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianhua Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sifan Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Yang FC, Chen HJ, Lee JT, Chen SJ, Sung YF, Kao CH, Yang TY. Increased risk of Parkinson's disease following tension-type headache: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Oncotarget 2018; 9:2148-2157. [PMID: 29416761 PMCID: PMC5788629 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies have suggested associations between primary headache and neurodegenerative diseases; however, the relationship between tension-type headache (TTH), which is the most common type of primary headache, and Parkinson's disease (PD) remains controversial. Hence, in this nationwide, population-based, retrospective cohort study, we explored the temporal association between TTH and PD. METHODS Using claims data in the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, we evaluated 12,309 subjects aged ≥20 years who were newly diagnosed with TTH from 2000 to 2005. The non-TTH group included 49,236 randomly selected sex- and age-matched patients without TTH. Subjects were followed up until the end of 2011, diagnosis of PD, or death. The incidence of PD was compared between the two groups. A Cox multivariable proportional hazards model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to estimate the risk of PD. RESULTS The overall incidence of PD (per 1,000 person-years) in the TTH and non-TTH groups was 3.01 and 1.68, respectively. After adjustment for sex, age, and comorbidities, the association between TTH and PD remained statistically significant (adjusted HR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.19-1.57). The TTH group had a higher risk of PD than the non-TTH group did, regardless of subjects' sex, age, and comorbidity status. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that patients diagnosed with TTH exhibit an increased risk of PD. Additional studies should investigate the potential shared pathophysiological mechanisms of TTH and PD. Clinicians should be aware that TTH is a potential risk factor for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Ju Chen
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Tay Lee
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sy-Jou Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Feng Sung
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Yen Yang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Molecular and Genomic Epidemiology Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Abbas MM, Xu Z, Tan LCS. Epidemiology of Parkinson's Disease-East Versus West. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2017; 5:14-28. [PMID: 30363342 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.12568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The cause of PD at present remains unknown. A number of epidemiological studies have been conducted across the globe to ascertain the disease burden and the possible risk factors. In this review, we analyze the various studies from East and West with an aim to observe the important similarities and differences in the disease occurrence and risk factor profile. Methods A comprehensive search of descriptive and analytical epidemiological studies was undertaken. The descriptive studies and meta-analysis providing the standardised population rates were selected. The demographics, ethnicity and geographical differences between East and West were analysed. In analytical epidemiology, more established and well-studied non-genetic risk factors for PD were reviewed utilising the prospective cohort studies, case control studies and meta-analysis where available. Results and Conclusion PD is more common with increasing age and shows male predominance, which is more obvious in Western studies. The PD prevalence and incidence rates are slightly lower in the East compared to the West. Incidence studies on different ethnic populations in the same country have also found a lower occurrence of PD amongst Easterners compared to Westerners. Setting methodological differences aside, studies from East and West suggest a role for both environmental and genetic risk factors in PD causation. Smoking, caffeine intake and pesticide exposure are well-established risk factors across regions. There is a robust data for dairy product consumption, urate levels and physical activity in the West while studies on certain risk factors like head injury and alcohol show conflicting and mixed results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoom M Abbas
- Department of Neurology National Neuroscience Institute Singapore.,Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Centre National Neuroscience Institute NPF International Center of Excellence Singapore
| | - Zheyu Xu
- Department of Neurology National Neuroscience Institute Singapore.,Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Centre National Neuroscience Institute NPF International Center of Excellence Singapore
| | - Louis C S Tan
- Department of Neurology National Neuroscience Institute Singapore.,Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Centre National Neuroscience Institute NPF International Center of Excellence Singapore.,Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore
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Zhang ZX, Liu CF, Tao EX, Shao M, Liu YM, Wang J, Asgharnejad M, Xue HB, Surmann E, Bauer L. Rotigotine transdermal patch in Chinese patients with advanced Parkinson's disease: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pivotal study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2017; 44:6-12. [PMID: 28827011 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rotigotine was demonstrated to be efficacious and well-tolerated in three placebo-controlled studies (CLEOPATRA-PD/PREFER/SP921) of patients with advanced-stage Parkinson's disease (PD), most of whom were Caucasian. This multicenter phase 3 study (SP1037; NCT01646255) was the first to investigate the efficacy and safety of rotigotine in Chinese patients with advanced-stage PD. METHODS Chinese patients with PD, inadequately controlled on levodopa (stable dose ≥200 mg/day), with ≥2.5 h/day "off" time, and Hoehn & Yahr stage 2-4, were randomized 1:1 to receive transdermal rotigotine or placebo, titrated over ≤7 weeks, maintained at optimal/maximum dose (4-16 mg/24 h) for 12 weeks. Primary efficacy variable: mean change in absolute "off" time (according to patient diaries) from baseline to end of maintenance. Safety variables included adverse events (AEs) and discontinuations due to AEs. RESULTS 346 patients were randomized and 89.9% completed the study (87.8% placebo; 92.0% rotigotine). All were Chinese (58.7% male; mean ± SD age: 62.2 ± 8.9 years; mean ± SD time since PD diagnosis: 6.62 ± 3.70 years). Rotigotine significantly reduced "off" time vs placebo (LS mean [95% CI] treatment difference: -1.20 h/day [-1.83, -0.57]; p = 0.0002), and resulted in more responders (≥30% decrease in "off" time: 36.9% placebo; 48.8% rotigotine; p = 0.0269). AEs were reported for 86 (50.0%) placebo- and 103 (59.2%) rotigotine-treated patients; 15 discontinued due to AEs (placebo 7; rotigotine 8). The most common AEs (≥5%) were dizziness, nausea, pruritus, and dyskinesia. CONCLUSIONS Rotigotine was efficacious in Chinese patients with advanced-stage PD as add-on therapy to levodopa, significantly reducing "off" time vs placebo; the treatment difference was similar to that observed in previous studies of mainly Caucasian patients. Rotigotine was generally well-tolerated and had a similar AE profile to those observed in previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Xin Zhang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Feng Liu
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - En-Xiang Tao
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Shao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ming Liu
- Qilu Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Shen T, Ye R, Zhang B. Efficacy and safety of pramipexole extended-release in Parkinson's disease: a review based on meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Neurol 2017; 24:835-843. [PMID: 28480621 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pramipexole extended-release (pramipexole ER) versus pramipexole immediate-release (pramipexole IR) or placebo in Parkinson's disease. METHODS We performed a systematic online search for clinical trials for pramipexole ER treatment up to 1 August 2016. We assessed differences in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) scores, percentage of 'on' time or 'off' time, withdrawals, adverse events (AEs) and life quality between pramipexole ER and pramipexole IR or placebo. Data analyses were performed by the Cochrane Collaboration's Review Manager 5.3 software. RESULTS Six randomized controlled trials were included. Compared with placebo, pramipexole ER achieved a significant improvement in the UPDRS Part II + III score [weighted mean difference, -4.81; 95% confidence interval (CI), -6.40 to -3.23], whereas no significant difference was found in the UPDRS Part III + III score between pramipexole ER and pramipexole IR groups (weighted mean difference, -0.26; 95% CI, -1.15 to 0.64). No differences were found in total AEs (relative risk, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.92 to 1.03), drug-related AEs (relative risk, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.92 to 1.03) or the commonly reported AEs between pramipexole ER and pramipexole IR. CONCLUSIONS Pramipexole ER is as safe and effective as pramipexole IR in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shen
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang, China
| | - R Ye
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang, China
| | - B Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang, China
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Cacabelos R. Parkinson's Disease: From Pathogenesis to Pharmacogenomics. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E551. [PMID: 28273839 PMCID: PMC5372567 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most important age-related neurodegenerative disorder in developed societies, after Alzheimer's disease, with a prevalence ranging from 41 per 100,000 in the fourth decade of life to over 1900 per 100,000 in people over 80 years of age. As a movement disorder, the PD phenotype is characterized by rigidity, resting tremor, and bradykinesia. Parkinson's disease -related neurodegeneration is likely to occur several decades before the onset of the motor symptoms. Potential risk factors include environmental toxins, drugs, pesticides, brain microtrauma, focal cerebrovascular damage, and genomic defects. Parkinson's disease neuropathology is characterized by a selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, with widespread involvement of other central nervous system (CNS) structures and peripheral tissues. Pathogenic mechanisms associated with genomic, epigenetic and environmental factors lead to conformational changes and deposits of key proteins due to abnormalities in the ubiquitin-proteasome system together with dysregulation of mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. Conventional pharmacological treatments for PD are dopamine precursors (levodopa, l-DOPA, l-3,4 dihidroxifenilalanina), and other symptomatic treatments including dopamine agonists (amantadine, apomorphine, bromocriptine, cabergoline, lisuride, pergolide, pramipexole, ropinirole, rotigotine), monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors (selegiline, rasagiline), and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitors (entacapone, tolcapone). The chronic administration of antiparkinsonian drugs currently induces the "wearing-off phenomenon", with additional psychomotor and autonomic complications. In order to minimize these clinical complications, novel compounds have been developed. Novel drugs and bioproducts for the treatment of PD should address dopaminergic neuroprotection to reduce premature neurodegeneration in addition to enhancing dopaminergic neurotransmission. Since biochemical changes and therapeutic outcomes are highly dependent upon the genomic profiles of PD patients, personalized treatments should rely on pharmacogenetic procedures to optimize therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Cacabelos
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science and Genomic Medicine, 15165-Bergondo, Corunna, Spain.
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Rotigotine transdermal patch in Chinese patients with early Parkinson's disease: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pivotal study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2016; 28:49-55. [PMID: 27172830 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Two phase3 studies (SP512; SP513) involving mostly Caucasian patients showed that rotigotine (≤8 mg/24 h) was efficacious and welltolerated in early-stage Parkinson's disease (PD). We report results from a phase 3 study (SP0914/NCT01646268) investigating rotigotine in Chinese patients with early-stage PD. METHODS Patients were randomized 1:1 to rotigotine or placebo, titrated over 1-4 weeks, maintained at optimal/maximum dose (≤8 mg/24 h) for 24 weeks. Primary efficacy variable: change in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) II + III total score from Baseline to End-of-Maintenance. Secondary variables: UPDRS II + III responders (≥20% decrease in UPDRS II + III) and changes in UPDRS II (activities of daily living [ADL]) and III (motor examination) subscores. RESULTS Of 247 patients randomized, 113/124 (91.1%) rotigotine- and 107/123 (87.0%) placebo-treated patients completed the study. PATIENTS mean (SD) age: 59.4 (10.2) years; time since PD diagnosis: 1.01 (1.22) years, 60.7% male. Rotigotine significantly improved UPDRS II + III total score (change from Baseline LSmean [95%CI] treatment difference, -4.82 [-7.18 to -2.45]; P < 0.0001). UPDRS II + III responder rates were higher with rotigotine (42.3% vs 22.3%; P = 0.0006). UPDRS II and III subscores improved with rotigotine (both subscores: P < 0.0005 vs. placebo). Most frequent adverse events (AEs): nausea (8.9% rotigotine, 3.3% placebo), dizziness (8.1%, 5.7%), pruritus (8.1%, 4.1%), somnolence (8.1%, 3.3%), erythema (6.5%, 1.6%), and vomiting (5.6%, 1.6%). Thirteen (5.3%) patients discontinued due to AEs (6 rotigotine, 7 placebo). CONCLUSIONS Rotigotine was efficacious in Chinese patients with early-stage PD, providing benefits to control of ADL and motor function. Rotigotine was generally welltolerated, with similar AEs to those observed in Caucasian patients.
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Li X, Zhuang P, Li Y. Altered Neuronal Firing Pattern of the Basal Ganglia Nucleus Plays a Role in Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Patients with Parkinson's Disease. Front Hum Neurosci 2015; 9:630. [PMID: 26635583 PMCID: PMC4658433 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Levodopa therapy alleviates the symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), but long-term treatment often leads to motor complications such as levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). AIM To explore the neuronal activity in the basal ganglia nuclei in patients with PD and LID. METHODS Thirty patients with idiopathic PD (age, 55.1 ± 11.0 years; disease duration, 8.7 ± 5.6 years) were enrolled between August 2006 and August 2013 at the Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, China. Their Hoehn and Yahr (1967) scores ranged from 2-4 and their UPDRS III scores were 28.5 ± 5.2. Fifteen of them had severe LID (UPDRS IV scores of 6.7 ± 1.6). Microelectrode recording was performed in the globus pallidus internus (GPi) and subthalamic nucleus (STN) during pallidotomy (n = 12) or STN deep brain stimulation (DBS; bilateral, n = 12; unilateral, n = 6). The firing patterns and frequencies of various cell types were analyzed by assessing single cell interspike intervals (ISIs) and the corresponding coefficient of variation (CV). RESULTS A total of 295 neurons were identified from the GPi (n = 12) and STN (n = 18). These included 26 (8.8%) highly grouped discharge, 30 (10.2%) low frequency firing, 78 (26.4%) rapid tonic discharge, 103 (34.9%) irregular activity, and 58 (19.7%) tremor-related activity. There were significant differences between the two groups (p < 0.05) for neurons with irregular firing, highly irregular cluster-like firing, and low-frequency firing. CONCLUSION Altered neuronal activity was observed in the basal ganglia nucleus of GPi and STN, and may play important roles in the pathophysiology of PD and LID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing, China
| | - Ping Zhuang
- Beijing Institute of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing, China
| | - Yongjie Li
- Beijing Institute of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing, China
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