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Gasheya KA, Belay AA, Abegaze T, Zele YT, Daba C. Computer vision syndrome and ergonomic risk factors among workers of the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: an institutional-based cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1341031. [PMID: 38784585 PMCID: PMC11111856 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1341031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is the most pressing public health concern that affects vision and reduces quality of life and productivity, particularly in developing countries. Most of the previous studies conducted in Ethiopia focus on the knowledge and personal risk factors of bank workers. Moreover, ergonomic workstation design was not objectively assessed, which could hinder the implementation of effective intervention strategies. Therefore, this study aimed to determine CVS and ergonomic factors among commercial bank workers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 466 study participants from May 26 to July 24, 2022. A multistage sampling technique was applied to select the study participants. Data were collected via a standardized tool of CVS (CVS-Q). Besides, workstation ergonomics were pertinently assessed. The collected data was entered into EpiData version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 26 for data analysis and cleaning. Multivariable logistics regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with CVS. The variables with a p-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant factors. Results Prevalence of CVS was 75.3% (95% CI: 71.2-79.2%). Blurred vision, eye redness, and headache, 59.8%, 53.7%, and 50.7%, respectively, were frequently reported symptoms. Glare (AOR = 4.45: 95% CI: 2.45-8.08), 20-20-20 principle (AOR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.06-3.67), wearing non-prescription eyeglasses (AOR = 4.17; 95% CI: 1.92-9.06), and poor workstation (AOR = 7.39; 95% CI: 4.05-13.49) was significantly associated with CVS. Conclusion The prevalence of CVS was found to be high. Glare at work, ignoring the 20-20-20 principle, wearing non-prescription eyeglasses, and poor workstation ergonomic design were independent predictors of CVS. Therefore, comprehensive interventional activities like adhering to the 20-20-20 principle, avoiding the use of non-prescription glasses, minimizing glare, and improving workstation ergonomic setup are essential to prevent CVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassahun Ayele Gasheya
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Azanaw Asega Belay
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Teferi Abegaze
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yifokire Tefera Zele
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Chala Daba
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
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Wolffsohn JS, Lingham G, Downie LE, Huntjens B, Inomata T, Jivraj S, Kobia-Acquah E, Muntz A, Mohamed-Noriega K, Plainis S, Read M, Sayegh RR, Singh S, Utheim TP, Craig JP. TFOS Lifestyle: Impact of the digital environment on the ocular surface. Ocul Surf 2023; 28:213-252. [PMID: 37062428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Eye strain when performing tasks reliant on a digital environment can cause discomfort, affecting productivity and quality of life. Digital eye strain (the preferred terminology) was defined as "the development or exacerbation of recurrent ocular symptoms and/or signs related specifically to digital device screen viewing". Digital eye strain prevalence of up to 97% has been reported, due to no previously agreed definition/diagnostic criteria and limitations of current questionnaires which fail to differentiate such symptoms from those arising from non-digital tasks. Objective signs such as blink rate or critical flicker frequency changes are not 'diagnostic' of digital eye strain nor validated as sensitive. The mechanisms attributed to ocular surface disease exacerbation are mainly reduced blink rate and completeness, partial/uncorrected refractive error and/or underlying binocular vision anomalies, together with the cognitive demand of the task and differences in position, size, brightness and glare compared to an equivalent non-digital task. In general, interventions are not well established; patients experiencing digital eye strain should be provided with a full refractive correction for the appropriate working distances. Improving blinking, optimizing the work environment and encouraging regular breaks may help. Based on current, best evidence, blue-light blocking interventions do not appear to be an effective management strategy. More and larger clinical trials are needed to assess artificial tear effectiveness for relieving digital eye strain, particularly comparing different constituents; a systematic review within the report identified use of secretagogues and warm compress/humidity goggles/ambient humidifiers as promising strategies, along with nutritional supplementation (such as omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and berry extracts).
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Affiliation(s)
- James S Wolffsohn
- College of Health & Life Sciences, School of Optometry, Aston University, Birmingham, UK; Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Gareth Lingham
- Centre for Eye Research Ireland, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Laura E Downie
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Byki Huntjens
- Division of Optometry and Visual Sciences, City, University of London, EC1V 0HB, UK
| | - Takenori Inomata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saleel Jivraj
- College of Health & Life Sciences, School of Optometry, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Alex Muntz
- Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Karim Mohamed-Noriega
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo León (UANL). Monterrey, 64460, Mexico
| | - Sotiris Plainis
- College of Health & Life Sciences, School of Optometry, Aston University, Birmingham, UK; Laboratory of Optics and Vision, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece
| | - Michael Read
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rony R Sayegh
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sumeer Singh
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tor P Utheim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jennifer P Craig
- College of Health & Life Sciences, School of Optometry, Aston University, Birmingham, UK; Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Prevalence of computer vision syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1801. [PMID: 36720986 PMCID: PMC9888747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28750-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Although computer vision syndromes are becoming a major public health concern, less emphasis is given to them, particularly in developing countries. There are primary studies on different continents; however, there are inconsistent findings in prevalence among the primary studies. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of computer vision syndrome. In this study, the review was developed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Online electronic databases, including PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, and Google Scholar, were used to retrieve published and unpublished studies. The study was conducted from December 1 to April 9/2022. Study selection, quality assessment, and data extraction were performed independently by two authors. Quality assessment of the studies was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument tool. Heterogeneity was assessed using the statistical test I2. STATA 14 software was used for statistical analysis. A total of 7,35 studies were retrieved, and 45 studies were included in the final meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of computer vision syndrome was 66% (95% CI: 59, 74). Subgroup analysis based on country was highest in Pakistan (97%, 95% CI: 96, 98) and lowest in Japan (12%, 95% CI: 9, 15). Subgroup analysis based on country showed that studies in Saudi Arabia (I2 = 99.41%, p value < 0.001), Ethiopia (I2 = 72.6%, p value < 0.001), and India (I2 = 98.04%, p value < 0.001) had significant heterogeneity. In the sensitivity analysis, no single study unduly influenced the overall effect estimate. Nearly two in three participants had computer vision syndrome. Thus, preventive practice strategic activities for computer vision syndrome are important interventions.
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Wang C, Joltikov KA, Kravets S, Edward DP. Computer Vision Syndrome in Undergraduate and Medical Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Clin Ophthalmol 2023; 17:1087-1096. [PMID: 37064959 PMCID: PMC10103703 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s405249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) in undergraduate and medical students since transitioning to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients and Methods This was a cross-sectional single center survey-based study using a validated CVS questionnaire (CVS-Q). The survey was distributed to 20,080 undergraduate students and 680 medical students at the University of Illinois at Chicago. The primary outcome measures were prevalence of CVS (based on CVS severity score of 6 or more), frequency of CVS and intensity of CVS symptoms. Results The survey was completed by 2300 undergraduate students (11.4% response rate) and 154 medical students (22.6% response rate). The prevalence of CVS was 77.1% in undergraduate students and 69.1% in medical students. CVS-Q severity scores were highest for headaches and eye dryness, with over half of students reporting worsening of symptoms since March 2020. Increased time spent on online learning (undergraduate: P <0.001, medical: P = 0.018), blue light glasses usage (undergraduate: P <0.001, medical: P = 0.0015), and increased number of device usage were associated with higher CVS severity scores (undergraduate: P <0.001, medical: P = 0.0032). Conclusion CVS among undergraduate and medical students has increased since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. More focus should be placed on the management of CVS for students in higher education. Physicians should be cognizant of the consequences of online learning and be proactive about providing advice regarding preventative measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Wang
- University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Katherine A Joltikov
- University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sasha Kravets
- Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Deepak P Edward
- Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Correspondence: Deepak P Edward, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, 1009 S Wood St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA, Tel +1 312 996 6590, Fax +1 312 996 4255, Email
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Mrayyan MT, Alseid ARH, Ghoolah TS, Al-Shaikh Ali MH, Mrayan M. Investigating the Prevalence of Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) Among Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231191883. [PMID: 37546525 PMCID: PMC10399248 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231191883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction During the pandemic, health issues associated with using digital devices and exploring social media, such as Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS), have increased considerably. Objectives This study looked into CVS and its significance in Jordan and the CVS outcomes of undergraduate nursing students who used digital devices to surf social media during COVID-19. Methods To assess CVS, a quantitative cross-sectional research design was used. Data were collected in 2022 through an online diagnostic and formative survey utilizing the CVS-Questionnaire (CVS-Q) with 310 undergraduate nursing students from a government and a private university in Jordan. Descriptive statistics and the univariate general linear model were used to analyze the collected data. Results To report the prevalence of CVS among the studied sample, the median score was 1.80. The median prevalence score was 24.50 (range = 13-31), and 26.75% of participants reported having intense social media searches. For a student in this study to be diagnosed with CVS, they must receive a score of at least 5, and the current sample score was around 2, indicating they didn't have a CVS; however, it was moderate when it occurred. About 26.75% of participants reported having problematic social media searches. Back and neck pain and headaches were the typical signs of CVS. The average daily hours spent using digital devices for social media searches increased during the pandemic utilizing mobile phones, especially among male nursing students. Being a junior student with no social media account and unable to balance study and social media were among the predictors of CVS. Most students used protective tools on their digital devices, such as protective films and phone screens, to prevent or accommodate CVS. Conclusion There were no prior collected data about CVS in Jordan, and based on the international trend, the COVID-19 pandemic didn't directly contribute to the prevalence of CVS. However, when the CVS occurred, it was moderate, which mandates proactive and prophylactic redesigning of our educational system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majd T. Mrayyan
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
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Lema AK, Anbesu EW. Computer vision syndrome and its determinants: A systematic review and meta-analysis. SAGE Open Med 2022; 10:20503121221142402. [PMCID: PMC9743027 DOI: 10.1177/20503121221142402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Computer vision syndromes are becoming a major public health concern. Inconsistent findings existed on computer vision syndrome. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of computer vision syndrome and identify its determinants. Methods: In this study, the review was developed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Online electronic databases, including PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, and Google Scholar, were used to retrieve studies from 1 December to 9 April 2022. Quality assessment of the studies was performed using the JBI-MAStARI. RevMan and STATA 14 software were used for statistical analysis. Result: A total of 725 studies were retrieved, and 49 studies were included. The pooled prevalence of computer vision syndrome was 66% (95%, Confidence interval: 59, 74). Being female (Odd Ratio = 1.74, 95% Confidence interval [1.2, 2.53]), improper body posturing while using electronic devices (Odd Ratio = 2.65, 95% Confidence interval [1.7, 4.12]), use of electronic devices out of work (Odd Ratio = 1.66, 95% CI [1.15, 2.39]), no habit of taking breaks (Odd Ratio = 2.24, 95% Confidence interval [1.13, 4.44]), long duration of visual display terminal use (Odd Ratio = 2.02, 95% Confidence interval [1.08, 3.77]), short distance screen (Odd Ratio = 4.24, 95% Confidence interval [2.33, 7.71]), and general ergonomic practice (Odd Ratio = 3.87, 95% Confidence interval [2.18, 6.86]) were associated with increased odds of computer vision syndrome. However, good knowledge (Odd Ratio = 4.04, 95% Confidence interval [2.75, 5.94]) of computer vision syndrome was associated with decreased odds of computer vision syndrome. Conclusion: Nearly two in three participants had computer vision syndrome. Being female, improper body posturing, use of electronics devices out of work, no habit of taking a break, long-hour duration of visual display terminal use, short-distance screen, and general ergonomic practice were associated with increased odds of computer vision syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asamene Kelelom Lema
- Department of Computer Science, College of Engineering and Technology, Samara University, Samara, Ethiopia
| | - Etsay Woldu Anbesu
- Department of Public Health, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Samara University, Samara, Ethiopia,Etsay Woldu Anbesu, Department of Public Health, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Samara University, 132, Semera, Afar region, Ethiopia.
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Alamri A, Amer KA, Aldosari AA, Althubait BMS, Alqahtani MS, AL Mudawi AAM, AL Mudawi BAM, Alqahtani FAM, Alhamoud NSY. Computer vision syndrome: Symptoms, risk factors, and practices. J Family Med Prim Care 2022; 11:5110-5115. [PMID: 36505560 PMCID: PMC9730965 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1627_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background According to computer vision syndrome (CVS). Due to constant use of computers by the students, it has become one of the growing health risks associated with technology (cell phones and tablets). CVS is a combination of eye and vision disorders associated with activities that affect near vision and is experienced in relation to or during the use of computers. The main aim of the study was to find the risk factors of CVS, its symptoms, and other factors associated with CVS. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, data was collected using a purposely constructed E-questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of demographic items and items related to the usage of E-devices and the symptoms of eye problems. After data collection, data was coded and entered in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) ver. 20 software for analyses. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation, frequencies and percentages) were computed. To measure the significant differences, Chi-square test was used at 5% level of significance. Results The mean (SD) age of 400 respondents was 22.5 (11.5) years. We computed the internal consistency, and the overall Cronbach alpha was 0.81. Also, 40% of the respondents were females, while 60% were males. Results showed that 20% of the respondents had multiple symptoms of eye problems, while 9% had no symptoms, 9% had eye pain, 8% had dryness of eye, and 6% had watering of eyes and redness of eye symptoms. The rest of the symptoms was found in less than 5% of the respondents. Conclusion This worldwide issue requires immediate attention. Long-term computer use has been linked to significant visual impairments, particularly in people who use computers and similar gadgets for extended periods of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Alamri
- Department Ophthalmology College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled A. Amer
- Medical Interns, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia,Address for correspondence: Khaled A. Amer, Medical Interns, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
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Coronel-Ocampos J, Gómez J, Gómez A, Quiroga-Castañeda PP, Valladares-Garrido MJ. Computer Visual Syndrome in Medical Students From a Private University in Paraguay: A Survey Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:935405. [PMID: 35910871 PMCID: PMC9330381 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.935405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PurposeTo determine the prevalence and factors associated with computer vision syndrome in medical students at a private university in Paraguay.MethodsA survey study was conducted in 2021 in a sample of 228 medical students from the Universidad del Pacífico, Paraguay. The dependent variable was CVS, measured with the Computer Visual Syndrome Questionnaire (CVS-Q). Its association with covariates (hours of daily use of notebook, smartphone, tablet and PC, taking breaks when using equipment, use of preventive visual measures, use of glasses, etc.) was examined.ResultsThe mean age was 22.3 years and 71.5% were women. CVS was present in 82.5% of participants. Higher prevalence of CVS was associated with wearing a framed lens (PR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.03–1.20). In contrast, taking a break when using electronic equipment at least every 20 min and every 1 h reduced 7% (PR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.87–0.99) and 6% (PR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89–0.99) the prevalence of CVS, respectively.ConclusionEight out of 10 students experienced CVS during the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of framed lenses increased the presence of CVS, while taking breaks when using electronic equipment at least every 20 min and every 1 h reduced CVS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan Gómez
- School of Medicine, Universidad del Pacífico, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Alexis Gómez
- School of Medicine, Universidad del Pacífico, Asunción, Paraguay
| | | | - Mario J. Valladares-Garrido
- Vice-rectorate for Research, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
- Office of Epidemiology, Hospital Regional Lambayeque, Chiclayo, Peru
- Directorate of Health Research, Instituto de Evaluación de Tecnologías en Salud e Investigación-IETSI, EsSalud, Lima, Peru
- *Correspondence: Mario J. Valladares-Garrido
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Tesfaye AH, Alemayehu M, Abere G, Mekonnen TH. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Computer Vision Syndrome Among Academic Staff in the University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia: An Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2022; 16:11786302221111865. [PMID: 35846168 PMCID: PMC9280790 DOI: 10.1177/11786302221111865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is the leading occupational hazard of the 21st century, which causes the critical public health issues in the present era. In developing countries, including Ethiopia, data on the proportion and the causes of CVS are scarce among academic staff for policy conclusions. Accordingly, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence and factors associated with CVS among academic staff at the University of Gondar. METHODS Institution-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from March to April, 2021. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 525 study participants. Data were collected using a pre-tested self-administered structured questionnaire. The collected data were then entered into EpiData version 4.6 and analyzed using STATA version 14 software. The association between dependent and independent variables was computed with a binary logistic regression. RESULTS The prevalence of CVS was found to be 78.8% out of a total of 500 participants [95% CI (74.95, 82.30)], of which the majority (71.60%) of them were males. Using a computer for more than 9 years [AOR = 1.65, 95% CI (1.01, 2.71)], using visual display terminals [AOR = 2.63, 95% CI (1.60, 4.32)], and working in improper illumination levels (300 and >500 lux) [AOR = 2.47, 95% CI (1.47, 4.33)] increased the risk of CVS, whereas, Using eye droplets [AOR = 0.30, 95% CI (0.15, 0.58)] and taking rest breaks [AOR = 0.55, 95% CI (0.34-0.92)] were protective factors. CONCLUSION This study disclosed that CVS was common among academicians. In the current study, the manifestation of CVS was affected by years of computer use, visual display terminals use, workplace illumination level, rest breaks, and eye droplets. Taking rest breaks in between the work, reducing exposure to display screens, use of eye drops, and optimizing workplace illumination levels are recommended to reduce the problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amensisa Hailu Tesfaye
- Amensisa Hailu Tesfaye, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, P.O.Box: 196, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
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Abusamak M, Jaber HM, Alrawashdeh HM. The Effect of Lockdown Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic on Digital Eye Strain Symptoms Among the General Population: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Front Public Health 2022; 10:895517. [PMID: 35812520 PMCID: PMC9256929 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.895517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Repetitive prolonged use of digital devices without regular breaks has detrimental effects on ocular health and quality of vision. Individuals with chronic eye problems and refractive errors are at higher risk of developing digital eye strain (DES). Correction of refractive errors, adopting healthy practices will reduce its risk. The survey examined the effect of prolonged lockdown on the development and increased severity of digital eye strain (DES) symptoms among the general population. An online survey was conducted in March 2020 on social media platforms in Jordan. Data from 1,460 responders were analyzed. About half of the respondents were between 30–49 years, 28.4% were retired, 21% had chronic systemic illness, and 23% reported chronic eye problems. A rise in the use of digital devices during lockdown was reported by 957 participants, with 33% of them used digital devices more than 4 h a day. The most common symptoms before and during lockdown were headache and neck / shoulder pain have the highest associations (X2 = 280.0, 271.3, df = 4, p < 0.001 respectively). Female gender, existence of chronic eye problems and systemic diseases, and duration of using digital devices were found to be statistically significant factors associated with increasing severity of eye symptoms during lockdown. Not taking enough regular breaks from digital devices showed significant association with blurred vision at distance and near (X2 = 13.03, 10.74, df = 4, P = 0.011, 0.03, respectively). People with chronic eye problems and increased time using devices during lockdown developed new eye complaints three times more than before the lockdown and males were two times more likely than females to have more severe eye symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abusamak
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Public Health, Amman Eye Clinic, Amman, Jordan
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Abusamak
| | - Hatim M. Jaber
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hamzeh Mohammad Alrawashdeh
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, Amman, Jordan
- Ophthalmology Department, Sharif Eye Centers, Amman, Jordan
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Adane F, Alamneh YM, Desta M. Computer vision syndrome and predictors among computer users in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Trop Med Health 2022; 50:26. [PMID: 35331333 PMCID: PMC8943996 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-022-00418-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A computer is one of the most widely used office tools. The leading occupational health problem of the twenty-first century is computer vision syndrome (CVS). Research findings across Ethiopia on the magnitude and predictors of CVS among computer users are highly variable and inconsistent. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the overall prevalence of CVS and its predictors among computer users in Ethiopia. Methods We searched articles in all databases and other sources. Cochrane Q test statistics and I2 tests were used. A random-effect meta-analysis model was used. In addition, the association between risk factors and CVS among computer users was examined. Results Eight eligible studies were included. The pooled prevalence of CVS among computer users in Ethiopia was 73.21% (95% CI 70.32–76.11). Sub-group analysis by profession has shown that the highest prevalence of CVS was observed in bank employees [73.76% (95% CI 70.40–77.13)]. The most common reported symptoms of CVS were blurred vision (34.26%; 95% CI 22.08, 46.43). The previous history of eye disease (95% CI 2.30, 5.47), inappropriate sitting position (95% CI 1.76, 3.22), the frequent use of a computer (95% CI 2.04, 3.60), and using eyeglass/spectacles (95% CI 1.10, 3.91) were significantly associated with CVS among computer users in Ethiopia. Conclusions According to this study, computer vision syndrome was high among computer users in Ethiopia. Computer vision syndrome (CVS) was significantly associated with a previous history of eye disease, inappropriate sitting position, frequent use of a computer, and the use of spectacles. Based on the findings, it is suggested that efforts be made to optimize computer exposure time. It is also worth noting that employees should be properly seated when using a computer. Furthermore, people with vision problems should be extra cautious when using a computer. Finally, community awareness of the safety precautions that can be taken to reduce CVS is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fentahun Adane
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
| | - Yoseph Merkeb Alamneh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Melaku Desta
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
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Marya A, Venugopal A, Karobari MI, Heboyan A. Computer Vision Syndrome: Will the Pandemic Lead to Eye Problems for Dentists? PESQUISA BRASILEIRA EM ODONTOPEDIATRIA E CLÍNICA INTEGRADA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/pboci.2022.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anand Marya
- University of Puthisastra, Cambodia; Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, India
| | | | | | - Artak Heboyan
- Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi, Armenia
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