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Krauze A, Fus-Kujawa A, Bajdak-Rusinek K, Żyła-Uklejewicz D, Fernandez C, Bednarek I, Gałka S, Sieroń Ł, Bogunia E, Hermyt M, Nożyński J, Milewski K, Czekaj P, Wojakowski W. Impact of local delivery of allogeneic chondrocytes on the biological response and healing of the sternum bones after sternotomy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15971. [PMID: 37749290 PMCID: PMC10520054 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43255-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Median sternotomy is the surgical method of choice for many procedures where one of the main problems is the long post-operative wound healing process leading to sternal dehiscence and the development of infection. This leads to prolonged hospital stay and increased mortality due to post-operative complications. A promising solution seems to be the use of allogeneic chondrocytes for wound treatment, whose properties in the field of cartilage reconstruction are widely used in medicine, mainly in orthopedics. In the present study, we investigated the effect of local delivery of allogeneic chondrocytes on the biological response and healing of the sternum after sternotomy. We optimized the culture conditions for the isolated chondrocytes, which were then applied to the sternal incision wound. Chondrocytes in the culture were assessed on the basis of the presence of chondrocyte-specific genes: Sox9, Aggrecan and Collagen II. In turn, the histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation was used to assess the safety of implantation. In our work, we demonstrated the possibility of obtaining a viable culture of chondrocytes, which were successfully introduced into the sternal wound after sternotomy. Importantly, implantation of allogeneic chondrocytes showed no significant side effects. The obtained results open new possibilities for research on the use of allogeneic chondrocytes in the process of accelerating wound healing after median sternotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Krauze
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Development, American Heart of Poland SA, 43-450, Ustroń 1, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Fus-Kujawa
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Medykow 18 Street, 40-752, Katowice, Poland
| | - Karolina Bajdak-Rusinek
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Medykow 18 Street, 40-752, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Dorota Żyła-Uklejewicz
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Development, American Heart of Poland SA, 43-450, Ustroń 1, Poland
| | - Carlos Fernandez
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Development, American Heart of Poland SA, 43-450, Ustroń 1, Poland
| | - Ilona Bednarek
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055, Katowice, Poland
| | - Sabina Gałka
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055, Katowice, Poland
| | - Łukasz Sieroń
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Medykow 18 Street, 40-752, Katowice, Poland
| | - Edyta Bogunia
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Medykow 18 Street, 40-752, Katowice, Poland
| | - Mateusz Hermyt
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Medykow 18 Street, 40-752, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jerzy Nożyński
- Department of Histopathology, Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases, 41-800, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Milewski
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Development, American Heart of Poland SA, 43-450, Ustroń 1, Poland
| | - Piotr Czekaj
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Medykow 18 Street, 40-752, Katowice, Poland
| | - Wojciech Wojakowski
- Division of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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Liang W, Han B, Hai Y, Sun D, Yin P. Mechanism of Action of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in the Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Treatment and Bone Repair and Regeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:833840. [PMID: 35096846 PMCID: PMC8795890 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.833840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles formed by various donor cells that regulate gene expression and cellular function in recipient cells. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-Exos) perform the regulatory function of stem cells by transporting proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is one of the main causes of low back pain, and it is characterized by a decreased number of nucleus pulposus cells, extracellular matrix decomposition, aging of the annulus fibrosus, and cartilage endplate calcification. Besides, nutrient transport and structural repair of intervertebral discs depend on bone and cartilage and are closely related to the state of the bone. Trauma, disease and aging can all cause bone injury. However, there is a lack of effective drugs against IDD and bone injury. Recent MSC-Exos fine tuning has led to significant progress in the IDD treatment and bone repair and regeneration. In this review, we looked at the uniqueness of MSC-Exos, and the potential treatment mechanisms of MSC-Exos with respect to IDD, bone defects and injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weishi Liang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Han
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Hai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Duan Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Yin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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The Holy Grail of Orthopedic Surgery: Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Their Current Uses and Potential Applications. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:2638305. [PMID: 28698718 PMCID: PMC5494105 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2638305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Only select tissues and organs are able to spontaneously regenerate after disease or trauma, and this regenerative capacity diminishes over time. Human stem cell research explores therapeutic regenerative approaches to treat various conditions. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are derived from adult stem cells; they are multipotent and exert anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. They can differentiate into multiple cell types of the mesenchyme, for example, endothelial cells, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, fibroblasts, tenocytes, vascular smooth muscle cells, and sarcomere muscular cells. MSCs are easily obtained and can be cultivated and expanded in vitro; thus, they represent a promising and encouraging treatment approach in orthopedic surgery. Here, we review the application of MSCs to various orthopedic conditions, namely, orthopedic trauma; muscle injury; articular cartilage defects and osteoarthritis; meniscal injuries; bone disease; nerve, tendon, and ligament injuries; spinal cord injuries; intervertebral disc problems; pediatrics; and rotator cuff repair. The use of MSCs in orthopedics may transition the practice in the field from predominately surgical replacement and reconstruction to bioregeneration and prevention. However, additional research is necessary to explore the safety and effectiveness of MSC treatment in orthopedics, as well as applications in other medical specialties.
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Aleksander-Konert E, Paduszyński P, Zajdel A, Dzierżewicz Z, Wilczok A. In vitro chondrogenesis of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells in hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2016; 21:11. [PMID: 28536614 PMCID: PMC5415830 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-016-0016-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In this study, we evaluated the usefulness of two commercially available hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels, HyStem and HyStem-C, for the cultivation of Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) and their differentiation towards chondrocytes. Methods The WJ-MSCs were isolated from umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly using the explant method and their immunophenotype was evaluated via flow cytometry analysis. According to the criteria established by the International Society for Cellular Therapy, they were true MSCs. We assessed the ability of the WJ-MSCs and chondrocytes to grow in three-dimensional hydrogels and their metabolic activity. Chondrogenesis of WJ-MSCs in the hydrogels was determined using alcian blue and safranin O staining and real-time PCR evaluation of gene expression in the extracellular matrixes: collagen type I, II, III and aggrecan. Results Chondrocytes and WJ-MSCs cultured in the HyStem and HyStem-C hydrogels adopted spherical shapes, which are characteristic for encapsulated cells. The average viability of the WJ-MSCs and chondrocytes in the HyStem hydrogels was approximately 67 % when compared with the viability in 2D culture. Alcian blue and safranin O staining revealed intensive production of proteoglycans by the cells in the HyStem hydrogels. Increased expression of collagen type II and aggrecan in the WJ-MSCs cultured in the HyStem hydrogel in the presence of chondrogenic medium showed that under these conditions, the cells have a high capacity to differentiate towards chondrocytes. The relatively high viability of WJ-MSCs and chondrocytes in both HyStem hydrogels suggests the possibility of their use for chondrogenesis. Conlusions The results indicate that WJ-MSCs have some degree of chondrogenic potential in HyStem and HyStem-C hydrogels, showing promise for the engineering of damaged articular cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Aleksander-Konert
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Jednosci 8, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Piotr Paduszyński
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Jednosci 8, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Alicja Zajdel
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Jednosci 8, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Zofia Dzierżewicz
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Jednosci 8, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.,Department of Health Care, Silesian Medical College, ul. Mickiewicza 29, 40-085 Katowice, Poland
| | - Adam Wilczok
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Jednosci 8, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
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A 3D Porous Gelatin-Alginate-Based-IPN Acts as an Efficient Promoter of Chondrogenesis from Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:252909. [PMID: 26106422 PMCID: PMC4461772 DOI: 10.1155/2015/252909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage has limited regeneration potential. Thus, there is an imperative need to develop new strategies for cartilage tissue engineering (CTE) amenable for clinical use. Recent CTE approaches rely on optimal cell-scaffold interactions, which require a great deal of optimization. In this study we attempt to build a novel gelatin- (G-) alginate- (A-) polyacrylamide (PAA) 3D interpenetrating network (IPN) with superior performance in promoting chondrogenesis from human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs). We show that our G-A-PAA scaffold is capable of supporting hADSCs proliferation and survival, with no apparent cytotoxic effect. Moreover, we find that after exposure to prochondrogenic conditions a key transcription factor known to induce chondrogenesis, namely, Sox9, is highly expressed in our hADSCs/G-A-PAA bioconstruct, along with cartilage specific markers such as collagen type II, CEP68, and COMP extracellular matrix (ECM) components. These data suggest that our G-A-PAA structural properties and formulation might enable hADSCs conversion towards functional chondrocytes. We conclude that our novel G-A-PAA biomatrix is a good candidate for prospective in vivo CTE applications.
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