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Yang C, Du P, Lu W. MiR-424 Acts as a Novel Biomarker in the Diagnosis of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2023; 38:670-673. [PMID: 34287021 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2020.4141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: MicroRNA-424 (MiR-424) is proved to be a tumor suppressor against many malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nevertheless, its role in diagnosing HCC remained poorly understood. The authors' research investigated diagnostic value of serum miR-424 in HCC. Materials and Methods: Relative expression levels of serum miR-424 in HCC patients and healthy individuals were measured via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. χ2 test was applied to analyze the correlation between miR-424 expression and clinical features of HCC cases. Diagnostic value was estimated via plotting a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Serum miR-424 expression was obviously downregulated in HCC cases in comparison to healthy persons (p < 0.001). miR-424 expression presented strong correlation with tumor node metastasis stage (p = 0.022), Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage (p < 0.001), metastasis (p = 0.037), and vein invasion (p = 0.033). ROC curve analysis manifested an area under the curve of 0.768 with a sensitivity of 75.0% and a specificity of 72.4%, suggesting that serum miR-424 had high diagnostic value in HCC patients. Conclusions: The data suggest that serum miR-424 may represent a biomarker in early detection of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Du
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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2
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Yang Y, Xia Y, Su C, Chen J, Long E, Zhang H, Gan Y, Yan F, Chen Y. Measuring the indirect cost associated with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a nationwide cross-sectional study in China. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022:10.1007/s00432-022-04258-w. [PMID: 36056953 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04258-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was conducted to estimate the indirect cost of locally advanced and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without sensitizing EGFR and ALK alterations in China and explore the predictors from both patient and caregiver perspectives. METHODS Data were obtained from a nationwide cross-sectional study for the patients with advanced NSCLC (stage IIIB-IV) and their caregivers. Indirect medical cost was estimated as health productivity loss based on self-reported income and loss of work time. The generalized linear model was used to assess the independent associations between statistically significant variables and indirect economic burden. RESULTS 611 pairs of patients and patient caregivers from 13 medical centers in five provinces in China participated in this investigation. The indirect medical cost associated with advanced NSCLC since the patient diagnosed was $1413 per capita in China. General linear regression results showed that the indirect medical cost was significantly influenced by duration of disease since diagnosis, treatment options, caregivers' occupation and age (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The indirect economic burden linked to advanced NSCLC in China is considerable on patients, and their caregivers. To minimize the severe challenges of indirect economic burden related to advanced NSCLC, expanding the coverage of the medical insurance and assistance system to reimburse part of the indirect costs related to cancer, as well as strengthening the accessibility for more effective therapies to improve the prognosis of advanced NSCLC, and further promote the patients and their caregivers to return to work or normal life may be the potentially feasible approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Xia
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxia Su
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University & Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Enwu Long
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences/Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Department of Organization and Personnel, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuying Gan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fei Yan
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingyao Chen
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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3
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Zhang Y, Wang X, Zhou X. Functions of Yes-association protein (YAP) in cancer progression and anticancer therapy resistance. BRAIN SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.26599/bsa.2022.9050008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway, a highly conserved kinase cascade, regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, organ size, and tissue homeostasis. Dysregulation of this pathway reportedly plays an important role in the progression of various human cancers. Yes-association protein (YAP), the Hippo pathway’s core effector, is considered a marker for cancer therapy and patient prognosis. In addition, studies have indicated that YAP is involved in promoting anticancer drug resistance. This review summarizes current knowledge on YAP’s role in cancer progression, anticancer drug resistance, and advances in the development of YAP-targeting drugs. A thorough understanding of the complex interactions among molecular, cellular, and environmental factors concerning YAP function in cancer progression may provide new insight into the underlying mechanism of anticancer drug resistance. It might lead to improved prognosis through novel combined therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Xiang Wang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Xiuping Zhou
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
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4
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Zhao M, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Wang K, Wang X, Zhou D, Wang Y, Yu R, Zhou X. YAP promotes autophagy and progression of gliomas via upregulating HMGB1. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:99. [PMID: 33726796 PMCID: PMC7968184 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01897-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the hypoxia and nutrient deficiency microenvironment, glioblastoma (GBM) exhibits high autophagy activity and autophagy plays an important role in the progression of GBM. However, the molecular mechanism of autophagy in GBM progression remains unclear. The aim of this study is to delve out the role and mechanism of yes-associated protein (YAP) in GBM autophagy and progression. METHODS The level of autophagy or autophagy flux were assessed by using western blotting, GFP-LC3 puncta (Live) imaging, transmission electron microscopy and GFP-RFP-LC3 assay. The GBM progression was detected by using CCK8, EdU, nude mouse xenograft and Ki67 staining. Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTraq) quantitative proteomics was used to find out the mediator of YAP in autophagy. Expression levels of YAP and HMGB1 in tissue samples from GBM patients were examined by Western blotting, tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS YAP over-expression enhanced glioma cell autophagy under basal and induced conditions. In addition, blocking autophagy by chloroquine abolished the promoting effect of YAP on glioma growth. Mechanistically, YAP over-expression promoted the transcription and translocation of high mobility group box 1(HMGB1), a well-known regulator of autophagy, from nucleus to cytoplasm. Down-regulation of HMGB1 abolished the promoting effect of YAP on autophagy and glioma growth. Furthermore, the expression of YAP and HMGB1 were positively associated with each other and suggested poor prognosis for clinical GBM. CONCLUSION YAP promoted glioma progression by enhancing HMGB1-mediated autophagy, indicating that YAP-HMGB1 axis was a feasible therapeutic target for GBM. Our study revealed a clinical opportunity involving the combination of chemo-radiotherapy with pharmacological autophagy inhibition for treating GBM patients with YAP high expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Present address: Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ding Zhou
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rutong Yu
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiuping Zhou
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China.
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5
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Gu Y, Rampin A, Alvino VV, Spinetti G, Madeddu P. Cell Therapy for Critical Limb Ischemia: Advantages, Limitations, and New Perspectives for Treatment of Patients with Critical Diabetic Vasculopathy. Curr Diab Rep 2021; 21:11. [PMID: 33651185 PMCID: PMC7925447 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-021-01378-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To provide a highlight of the current state of cell therapy for the treatment of critical limb ischemia in patients with diabetes. RECENT FINDINGS The global incidence of diabetes is constantly growing with consequent challenges for healthcare systems worldwide. In the UK only, NHS costs attributed to diabetic complications, such as peripheral vascular disease, amputation, blindness, renal failure, and stroke, average £10 billion each year, with cost pressure being estimated to get worse. Although giant leaps forward have been registered in the scope of early diagnosis and optimal glycaemic control, an effective treatment for critical limb ischemia is still lacking. The present review aims to provide an update of the ongoing work in the field of regenerative medicine. Recent advancements but also limitations imposed by diabetes on the potential of the approach are addressed. In particular, the review focuses on the perturbation of non-coding RNA networks in progenitor cells and the possibility of using emerging knowledge on molecular mechanisms to design refined protocols for personalized therapy. The field of cell therapy showed rapid progress but has limitations. Significant advances are foreseen in the upcoming years thanks to a better understanding of molecular bottlenecks associated with the metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Gu
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK
| | - A Rampin
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, IRCCS, MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - V V Alvino
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK
| | - G Spinetti
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, IRCCS, MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - P Madeddu
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK.
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6
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Bishnu A, Phadte P, Dhadve A, Sakpal A, Rekhi B, Ray P. Molecular imaging of the kinetics of hyperactivated ERK1/2-mediated autophagy during acquirement of chemoresistance. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:161. [PMID: 33558461 PMCID: PMC7870816 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03451-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in key kinases and signaling pathways can fine-tune autophagic flux to promote the development of chemoresistance. Despite empirical evidences of strong association between enhanced autophagic flux with acquired chemoresistance, it is still not understood whether an ongoing autophagic flux is required for both initiation, as well as maintenance of chemoresistance, or is sufficient for one of the either steps. Utilizing indigenously developed cisplatin-paclitaxel-resistant models of ovarian cancer cells, we report an intriguing oscillation in chemotherapy-induced autophagic flux across stages of resistance, which was found to be specifically elevated at the early stages or onset of chemoresistance. Conversely, the sensitive cells and cells at late stages of resistance showed stalled and reduced autophagic flux. This increased flux at early stages of resistance was found to be dictated by a hyperactive ERK1/2 signaling, which when inhibited either pharmacologically (U0126/Trametinib) or genetically, reduced p62 degradation, number of LC3+veLAMP1+ve puncta, autophagolysosome formation, and led to chemo-sensitization and apoptosis. Inhibition of ERK1/2 activation also altered the level of UVRAG and Rab7, the two key proteins involved in autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Noninvasive imaging of autophagic flux using a novel autophagy sensor (mtFL-p62 fusion reporter) showed that combinatorial treatment of platinum-taxol along with Trametinib/chloroquine blocked autophagic flux in live cells and tumor xenografts. Interestingly, Trametinib was found to be equally effective in blocking autophagic flux as chloroquine both in live cells and tumor xenografts. Combinatorial treatment of Trametinib and platinum-taxol significantly reduced tumor growth. This is probably the first report of real-time monitoring of chemotherapy-induced autophagy kinetics through noninvasive bioluminescence imaging in preclinical mouse model. Altogether our data suggest that an activated ERK1/2 supports proper completion of autophagic flux at the onset of chemoresistance to endure initial chemotherapeutic insult and foster the development of a highly chemoresistant phenotype, where autophagy becomes dispensable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniketh Bishnu
- Imaging Cell Signalling & Therapeutics Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, TMC, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Pratham Phadte
- Imaging Cell Signalling & Therapeutics Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, TMC, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Ajit Dhadve
- Imaging Cell Signalling & Therapeutics Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, TMC, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Asmita Sakpal
- Imaging Cell Signalling & Therapeutics Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, TMC, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - Bharat Rekhi
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Pritha Ray
- Imaging Cell Signalling & Therapeutics Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, TMC, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
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7
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Hua YT, Xu WX, Li H, Xia M. Emerging roles of MiR-133a in human cancers. J Cancer 2021; 12:198-206. [PMID: 33391416 PMCID: PMC7738817 DOI: 10.7150/jca.48769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of cancer-relevant genes via binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of the target mRNAs. MiR-133a, as a miRNA, participate in tumorigenesis, progression, autophagy and drug-resistance in various malignancies. Based on the recent insights, we discuss the functions of miR-133a in physiological and pathological processes and its potential effects on cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Hua
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, China
| | - Wen-Xiu Xu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, China
| | - Min Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, China
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8
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Khan K, Quispe C, Javed Z, Iqbal MJ, Sadia H, Raza S, Irshad A, Salehi B, Reiner Ž, Sharifi-Rad J. Resveratrol, curcumin, paclitaxel and miRNAs mediated regulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway: go four better to treat bladder cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:560. [PMID: 33292283 PMCID: PMC7685642 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01660-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a leading cause of death among urothelial malignancies that more commonly affect male population. Poor prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy are the two most important characteristics of this disease. PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway has been considered pivotal in the regulation of proliferation, migration, invasiveness, and metastasis. Deregulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling has been found in 40% of bladder cancers. Several microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to interact with the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway with a different possible role in proliferation and apoptosis in bladder cancer. Thus, miRNAs can be used as potential biomarkers for BC. Natural compounds have been in the spotlight for the past decade due to their effective anti-proliferative capabilities. However, little is known of its possible effects in bladder cancer. The aim of this review is to discuss the interplay between PI3K/Akt/mTOR, miRNAs, and natural compounds and emphasize the importance of miRNAs as biomarkers and resveratrol, curcumin and paclitaxel as a possible therapeutic approach against bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushbukhat Khan
- Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Cristina Quispe
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Avda. Arturo Prat 2120, 1110939, Iquique, Chile
| | - Zeeshan Javed
- Lahore Garrison University, Main Campus, Sector C, Phase VI, DHA Lahore Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Javed Iqbal
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Haleema Sadia
- Department of Biotechnology, BUITMS, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Raza
- Lahore Garrison University, Main Campus, Sector C, Phase VI, DHA Lahore Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asma Irshad
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Željko Reiner
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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9
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Wang D, He J, Huang B, Liu S, Zhu H, Xu T. Emerging role of the Hippo pathway in autophagy. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:880. [PMID: 33082313 PMCID: PMC7576599 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03069-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a dynamic circulatory system that occurs in all eukaryotic cells. Cytoplasmic material is transported to lysosomes for degradation and recovery through autophagy. This provides energy and macromolecular precursors for cell renewal and homeostasis. The Hippo-YAP pathway has significant biological properties in controlling organ size, tissue homeostasis, and regeneration. Recently, the Hippo-YAP axis has been extensively referred to as the pathophysiological processes regulating autophagy. Understanding the cellular and molecular basis of these processes is crucial for identifying disease pathogenesis and novel therapeutic targets. Here we review recent findings from Drosophila models to organisms. We particularly emphasize the regulation between Hippo core components and autophagy, which is involved in normal cellular regulation and the pathogenesis of human diseases, and its application to disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongying Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, 218 Zi Qiang Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China
| | - Jiaxing He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, 218 Zi Qiang Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China
| | - Bingyu Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, 218 Zi Qiang Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, 218 Zi Qiang Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China
| | - Hongming Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, 218 Zi Qiang Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China
| | - Tianmin Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, 218 Zi Qiang Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China.
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10
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The crucial choice of reference genes: identification of miR-191-5p for normalization of miRNAs expression in bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell and HS27a/HS5 cell lines. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17728. [PMID: 33082452 PMCID: PMC7576785 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74685-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) have a critical role in tissue regeneration and in the hematopoietic niche due to their differentiation and self-renewal capacities. These mechanisms are finely tuned partly by small non-coding microRNA implicated in post-transcriptional regulation. The easiest way to quantify them is RT-qPCR followed by normalization on validated reference genes (RGs). This study identified appropriate RG for normalization of miRNA expression in BM-MSCs and HS27a and HS5 cell lines in various conditions including normoxia, hypoxia, co-culture, as model for the hematopoietic niche and after induced differentiation as model for regenerative medicine. Six candidates, namely miR-16-5p, miR-34b-3p, miR-103a-3p, miR-191-5p, let-7a-5p and RNU6A were selected and their expression verified by RT-qPCR. Next, a ranking on stability of the RG candidates were performed with two algorithms geNorm and RefFinder and the optimal number of RGs needed to normalize was determined. Our results indicate miR-191-5p as the most stable miRNA in all conditions but also that RNU6a, usually used as RG is the less stable gene. This study demonstrates the interest of rigorously evaluating candidate miRNAs as reference genes and the importance of the normalization process to study the expression of miRNAs in BM-MSCs or derived cell lines.
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Lin Y, Jian Z, Jin H, Wei X, Zou X, Guan R, Huang J. Long non-coding RNA DLGAP1-AS1 facilitates tumorigenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma via the feedback loop of miR-26a/b-5p/IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:34. [PMID: 31949128 PMCID: PMC6965175 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2188-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and lethal malignancies worldwide, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial factor affecting HCC progression and metastasis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been validated to act as critical regulators of biological processes in various tumors. Herein, we attempted to elucidate the uncharacterized function and mechanism of lncRNA DLGAP1-AS1 in regulating tumorigenesis and EMT of HCC. In our study, DLGAP1-AS1 was shown to be upregulated in HCC cell lines and capable to promote HCC progression and EMT. Besides, DLGAP1-AS1 was proven to serve as a molecular sponge to sequester the HCC-inhibitory miRNAs, miR-26a-5p and miR-26b-5p, thus enhancing the level of an oncogenic cytokine IL-6, which could activate JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and reciprocally elevate the transcriptional activity of DLGAP1-AS1, thus forming a positive feedback loop. Moreover, we elaborated that the cancerogenic effects of DLGAP1-AS1 in HCC cells could be effectuated via activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway by positively regulating CDK8 and LRP6, downstream genes of miR-26a/b-5p. In conclusion, our results demonstrated the detailed molecular mechanism of DLGAP1-AS1 in facilitating HCC progression and EMT in vitro and in vivo, and suggested the potentiality of DLGAP1-AS1 as a therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Zhixiang Jian
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Haosheng Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiangling Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiongfeng Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Renguo Guan
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jianfeng Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
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12
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Chen B, Li Q, Zhou Y, Wang X, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Zhuang H, Jiang X, Xiong W. The long coding RNA AFAP1-AS1 promotes tumor cell growth and invasion in pancreatic cancer through upregulating the IGF1R oncogene via sequestration of miR-133a. Cell Cycle 2019; 17:1949-1966. [PMID: 30300116 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1496741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play a significant role in the progression of many cancers, including pancreatic cancer (PC). However, the biological function and regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in PC remains largely unclear. The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate the potential functions of lncRNAs in PC and reveal the underlying mechanisms of their effects. Screening of published microarray data (GEO accession Nos. GSE16515 and GSE32688), revealed lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 to be one of the most upregulated lncRNAs in PC tissues. High expression of AFAP1-AS1 was correlated with advanced stages, tumor size and lymph node metastasis, as well as with poorer overall survival in patients with PC. Functionally, knockdown of AFAP1-AS1 by transfection with siRNA inhibited the proliferative and invasive capacities of PaCa-2 and SW1990 PC cells, promoted apoptosis of PC cells in vitro, and impaired in-vivo tumorigenicity. In particular, it was hypothesized that AFAP1-AS1 may act as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA), effectively becoming a sink for miR-133a whose expression was found to be downregulated in PC tissues and cell lines, and which was negatively correlated with the expression of AFAP1-AS1. We also found that the IGF1R oncogene which is an important regulator of MEK/ERK signaling pathway, was positively regulated by AFAP1-AS1 through ameliorating miR-133a-mediated IGF1R repression in PC tissues. Moreover, we demonstrated that knockdown of IGF1R by transfection with si-IGF1R suppressed cell proliferation, invasion and migration of PaCa-2 and SW1990 PC cells, suggesting that IGF1R may function as an oncogene in PC cells. Further investigations revealed that miR-133a reversed the biological effects of AFAP1-AS1 on PC cells. Collectively, the findings provide new evidence that AFAP1-AS1 could regulate the progression of pancreatic cancer by acting as a ceRNA, and suggest it has potential for use as both a biomarker for the early detection PC and for the development of individualized therapies for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- a Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery , Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Qinhua Li
- b Department of Hepatology , Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yongping Zhou
- c Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , Wuxi Second Hospital, Nanjing Medical University , Wuxi , Jiangsu , China
| | - Xujing Wang
- a Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery , Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Qiqi Zhang
- a Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery , Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yongkun Wang
- a Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery , Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Huiren Zhuang
- a Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery , Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- d Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Wujun Xiong
- b Department of Hepatology , Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
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13
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He J, Shi XY, Li ZM, Pan XH, Li ZL, Chen Y, Yan SJ, Xiao L. Proton pump inhibitors can reverse the YAP mediated paclitaxel resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2019; 20:49. [PMID: 31718559 PMCID: PMC6852784 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-019-0227-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several reports indicated that the expression of Yes-associated protein (YAP) was associated with multi-drug resistance. Acidic microenvironment increased by the overexpression of vacuolar-ATPase (V-ATPase) was also observed in tumor growth and drug resistance. We hypothesize that proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), currently used in the anti-acid treatment of peptic disease, could inhibit the acidification of the tumor microenvironment and increase the sensitivity of tumor cells to cytotoxic agents. Thus, our objective is to explore the reversal of drug resistance by the inhibition of YAP through specific PPIs in the epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) cells. . Results We found that V-ATPase D1 was a positive regulator of YAP. Sub-lethal doses of the proton pump inhibitor esomeprazole (EMSO) in combination with paclitaxel (PTX) increased the PTX sensitivity in PTX-resistant EOC cells, as compared to PTX single treatments by inhibiting YAP and reserving pH gradient created by the V-ATPase D1. Moreover, sub-lethal doses of EMSO combined with PTX decreased autophagy and improved caspases independent apoptosis of PTX-resistant EOC cells. Conclusions These results suggested that sub-lethal doses of esomeprazole reverse YAP-mediated PTX resistance through the inhibiting of both YAP expression and acidic tumor microenvironment created by the V-ATPase D1. Therefore, we think the use of PPIs represents a promising strategy to improve the effectiveness of anti-EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, An Hui Medical University, Hefei, 230020, Anhui, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, 230020, Anhui, People's Republic of China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecoloy, An Qing Municipal Hospital, An Qing, 246003, AnHui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yan Shi
- Central Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Min Li
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 510010, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hua Pan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, An Hui Medical University, Hefei, 230020, Anhui, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, 230020, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Lian Li
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, An Hui Medical University, Hefei, 230020, Anhui, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, 230020, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, An Hui Medical University, Hefei, 230020, Anhui, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, 230020, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Jie Yan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, An Hui Medical University, Hefei, 230020, Anhui, People's Republic of China. .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, 230020, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lan Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, An Hui Medical University, Hefei, 230020, Anhui, People's Republic of China. .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, 230020, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Madadi S, Schwarzenbach H, Saidijam M, Mahjub R, Soleimani M. Potential microRNA-related targets in clearance pathways of amyloid-β: novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Cell Biosci 2019; 9:91. [PMID: 31749959 PMCID: PMC6852943 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-019-0354-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Imbalance between amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide synthesis and clearance results in Aβ deregulation. Failure to clear these peptides appears to cause the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In recent years, microRNAs have become established key regulators of biological processes that relate among others to the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD. This review article gives an overview on microRNAs that are involved in the Aβ cascade and discusses their inhibitory impact on their target mRNAs whose products participate in Aβ clearance. Understanding of the mechanism of microRNA in the associated signal pathways could identify novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Madadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Heidi Schwarzenbach
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Reza Mahjub
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Meysam Soleimani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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15
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García-Gil A, Galán-Enríquez CS, Pérez-López A, Nava P, Alpuche-Aranda C, Ortiz-Navarrete V. SopB activates the Akt-YAP pathway to promote Salmonella survival within B cells. Virulence 2019; 9:1390-1402. [PMID: 30103648 PMCID: PMC6177241 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2018.1509664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
B cells are a target of Salmonella infection, allowing bacteria survival without inducing pyroptosis. This event is due to downregulation of Nlrc4 expression and lack of inflammasome complex activation, which impairs the secretion of IL-1β. YAP phosphorylation is required for downregulation of Nlrc4 in B cells during Salmonella infection; however, the microorganism’s mechanisms underlying the inhibition of the NLRC4 inflammasome in B cells are not fully understood. Our findings demonstrate that the Salmonella effector SopB triggers a signaling cascade involving PI3K, PDK1 and mTORC2 that activates Akt with consequent phosphorylation of YAP. When we deleted sopB in Salmonella, infected B cells that lack Rictor, or inhibited the signaling cascade using a pharmacological approach, we were able to restore the function of the NLRC4 inflammasome in B cells and the ability to control the infection. Furthermore, B cells from infected mice exhibited activation of Akt and YAP phosphorylation, suggesting that Salmonella also triggers this pathway in vivo. In summary, our data demonstrate that the Salmonella effector inositide phosphate phosphatase SopB triggers the PI3K-Akt-YAP pathway to inhibit the NLRC4 inflammasome in B cells. This study provides further evidence that Salmonella triggers cellular mechanisms in B lymphocytes to manipulate the host environment by turning it into a survival niche to establish a successful infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham García-Gil
- a Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular , Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Ciudad de México , México
| | - Carlos Samuel Galán-Enríquez
- a Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular , Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Ciudad de México , México
| | - Araceli Pérez-López
- b Department of Pediatrics , University of California San Diego , San Diego , CA , USA
| | - Porfirio Nava
- c Departamento de Fisiología , Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Ciudad de México , México
| | - Celia Alpuche-Aranda
- d Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosa , Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, SSA , Cuernavaca , México
| | - Vianney Ortiz-Navarrete
- a Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular , Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Ciudad de México , México
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16
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The Impact of MicroRNA-133a on Prognosis and Clinicopathological Parameters for Digestive System Cancers: a Comprehensive Study Based on Meta-Analysis and TCGA Database. Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 26:771-781. [PMID: 30810894 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00619-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a meta-analysis on the impact of microRNA-133a (miR-133a) on digestive system cancers, and verified the results through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Relevant studies were searched in English and Chinese database and meta-analysis was performed using Stata 12.0. The corresponding information of miR-133a and digestive system cancers were obtained from TCGA database and analysis was performed using SPSS. Increased miR-133a expression was linked with favorable overall survival (OS) in digestive system cancers (HR = 0.539, 95% CI: 0.416-0.698, P < 0.001), digestive tract cancers (HR =0.558, 95% CI: 0.406-0.767, P < 0.001), esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) (HR = 0.427, 95% CI: 0.265-0.690, P = 0.001) and gastric cancer (HR = 0.541, 95% CI: 0.385-0.761, P < 0.001). The expression of miR-133a was significantly lower in cancer tissue compared with adjacent tissue for ESCC (P < 0.001), gastric cancer (P < 0.001), colorectal cancer (P < 0.001) and hepatocellular carcinoma (P = 0.002). Meanwhile, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) value for miR-133a was 0.836, 0.888, and 0.99 in ESCC, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer. MiR-133a is a tumor suppressor with prognostic and diagnostic values for digestive system cancers. High miR-133a expression was associated with better prognosis and less adverse clinicopathological parameters. More research should be performed to test these findings.
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17
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Yang ZQ, Wu CA, Cheng YX. Prognostic Value of microRNA-133a Expression and Its Clinicopathologic Significance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Comprehensive Study Based on Meta-Analysis and the TCGA Database. Oncol Res Treat 2018; 41:762-768. [DOI: 10.1159/000492343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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18
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Extensive screening of microRNA populations identifies hsa-miR-375 and hsa-miR-133a-3p as selective markers for human rectal and colon cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 9:27256-27267. [PMID: 29930763 PMCID: PMC6007480 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ∼22-nt molecules exerting control of protein expression in cancer tissues. The current study determined the full spectrum of miRNA dysregulation in freshly isolated human colon or rectal cancer biopsies as well as in controls of healthy adjacent tissue (total of n = 100) using an Illumina sequencing technology. In this work, we aimed to identify miRNAs that may serve as future marker to discern between these two subtypes. DESeq2 analysis revealed 53 significantly dysregulated miRNAs in colon cancer, 67 miRNAs in rectal cancer, and 97 miRNAs in both at a Padj value < 0.05 and ≥ 10 read counts. 65% of miRNAs were upregulated in colon as well as rectal cancer. Highest significant dysregulation (Padj < 0.00001) was detected for hsa-miR-21-5p, -215-5p and -378a in both colon and rectal cancer. Among the group of miRNAs with Padj < 0.05 and more than 2-fold expression differences, hsa-miR-375 was detected in rectal cancer only, and hsa-miR-133a-3p only in colon cancer. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis confirmed highly distinct sensitivities for hsa-miR-375 to detect rectal cancer (area under the curve (AUC): 0.9), while hsa-miR-133a-3p (AUC: 0.89) had the highest sensitivity for detecting colon cancer. We conclude that hsa-miR-375 and hsa-miR-133a-3p may serve as new markers of rectal or colon cancer and should be further investigated to search for different etiologies of colorectal cancer.
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Shi L, Middleton J, Jeon YJ, Magee P, Veneziano D, Laganà A, Leong HS, Sahoo S, Fassan M, Booton R, Shah R, Crosbie PAJ, Garofalo M. KRAS induces lung tumorigenesis through microRNAs modulation. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:219. [PMID: 29440633 PMCID: PMC5833396 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0243-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Oncogenic KRAS induces tumor onset and development by modulating gene expression via different molecular mechanisms. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that have been established as main players in tumorigenesis. By overexpressing wild type or mutant KRAS (KRASG12D) and using inducible human and mouse cell lines, we analyzed KRAS-regulated microRNAs in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We show that miR-30c and miR-21 are significantly upregulated by both KRAS isoforms and induce drug resistance and enhance cell migration/invasion via inhibiting crucial tumor suppressor genes, such as NF1, RASA1, BID, and RASSF8. MiR-30c and miR-21 levels were significantly elevated in tumors from patients that underwent surgical resection of early stages NSCLC compared to normal lung and in plasma from the same patients. Systemic delivery of LNA-anti-miR-21 in combination with cisplatin in vivo completely suppressed the development of lung tumors in a mouse model of lung cancer. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that ELK1 is responsible for miR-30c and miR-21 transcriptional activation by direct binding to the miRNA proximal promoter regions. In summary, our study defines that miR-30c and miR-21 may be valid biomarkers for early NSCLC detection and their silencing could be beneficial for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- Transcriptional Networks in Lung Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester and University College London, London, UK
| | - Justin Middleton
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Young-Jun Jeon
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Peter Magee
- Transcriptional Networks in Lung Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
| | - Dario Veneziano
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Alessandro Laganà
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, 10029, USA
| | - Hui-Sun Leong
- RNA Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
| | - Sudhakar Sahoo
- RNA Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine, Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Richard Booton
- Manchester Thoracic Oncology Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester, Southmoor Road, Wythenshawe, M23 9LT, UK
| | - Rajesh Shah
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of South Manchester, Southmoor Road, Wythenshawe, M23 9LT, UK
| | - Philip A J Crosbie
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester and University College London, London, UK
- Manchester Thoracic Oncology Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester, Southmoor Road, Wythenshawe, M23 9LT, UK
| | - Michela Garofalo
- Transcriptional Networks in Lung Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK.
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester and University College London, London, UK.
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20
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Maroof H, Islam F, Ariana A, Gopalan V, Lam AK. The roles of microRNA-34b-5p in angiogenesis of thyroid carcinoma. Endocrine 2017; 58:153-166. [PMID: 28840508 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-017-1393-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to determine the expression of miR-34b-5p in thyroid carcinomas and to investigate the role of miR34b-5p in the modulation of proteins involved in angiogenesis of thyroid carcinoma cells. METHODS The expressions of miR-34b-5p levels in five cell lines and 65 tissue samples from thyroid carcinomas were examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. An exogenous miR-34b-5p (mimic) transiently overexpress miR-34b-5p in theses thyroid carcinoma cells. The effects of miR-34b-5p overexpression on the proteins involved in angiogenesis and cell cycle regulations (VEGF-A, Bcl-2 and Notch1) were investigated by Western blot, immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay followed by cell cycle analysis and apoptosis assays. RESULTS miR-34b-5p is markedly downregulated in all thyroid carcinoma cell lines and tissues samples when compared with non-neoplastic immortalised thyroid cell line and non-neoplastic thyroid tissues, respectively. The expression levels of miR-34b were significantly associated with T-stages of thyroid carcinomas (p = 0.042). Downregulation of VEGF-A, Bcl-2 and Notch1 proteins in thyroid carcinoma cells were noted in cells that transiently transfected with miR-34b-5p mimic. In addition, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay confirmed the decreased expression of VEGF in thyroid carcinoma cells after transfection with miR-34b-5p mimic. Furthermore, miR-34b-5p mimic transfection induces significant accumulation of cells in G0-G1 of the cell cycle by blocking of their entry into the S transitional phase as well as increasing the total apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS miR-34b-5p functions as a potent regulator of angiogenesis, apoptosis and cell proliferation via modulation of VEGF-A, Bcl-2 and Notch1 proteins. It could be a target for developing treatment strategies of thyroid carcinoma with aggressive clinical behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Maroof
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia
| | - Farhadul Islam
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Armin Ariana
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia
| | - Vinod Gopalan
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia
| | - Alfred K Lam
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia.
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Kim MH, Kim J. Role of YAP/TAZ transcriptional regulators in resistance to anti-cancer therapies. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:1457-1474. [PMID: 27826640 PMCID: PMC11107740 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2412-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A diverse range of drug resistance mechanisms in cancer cells and their microenvironment significantly reduces the effectiveness of anti-cancer therapies. Growing evidence suggests that transcriptional effectors of the Hippo pathway, YAP and TAZ, promote resistance to various anti-cancer therapies, including cytotoxic chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, and radiation therapy. Here, we overview the role of YAP and TAZ as drug resistance mediators, and also discuss potential upstream regulators and downstream targets of YAP/TAZ in cancer. The widespread involvement of YAP and TAZ in resistance mechanisms suggests that therapeutic targeting of YAP and TAZ may expedite the development of effective anti-resistance therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hwan Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Taejon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Taejon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Miyamoto M, Takano M, Aoyama T, Soyama H, Yoshikawa T, Tsuda H, Furuya K. Inhibition of autophagy protein LC3A as a therapeutic target in ovarian clear cell carcinomas. J Gynecol Oncol 2017; 28:e33. [PMID: 28382796 PMCID: PMC5391392 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2017.28.e33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (CCC) is one of histological subtypes showing poor prognosis due to chemoresistance. The association of autophagy-related proteins and clinical implementation in CCC has not been determined. Methods The present study investigated whether expression of autophagy-related protein, light chain 3A (LC3A), was related with prognoses in the patients with CCC using immuno-histochemical stainings, and whether inhibition of autophagy modified the sensitivity to cisplatin in CCC cells in vitro. Results High expression of autophagy-related protein, LC3A, was detected in 78 cases (78%) in all CCC cases. The patients with high LC3A expression showed significantly lower response rate to primary chemotherapy (17% vs. 100%, p<0.010), and had worse progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared with those with LC3A low expression. Furthermore, multivariate analyses revealed that high expression of LC3A was identified as independent worse prognostic factors for PFS and OS. Inhibition of autophagy protein LC3A using hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) increased sensitivity to cisplatin in CCC cells in vitro. Conclusion High expression of LC3A proteins was associated with lower response to platinum therapy, leading to worse prognoses in CCC. Although further studies are needed to confirm the results, inhibition of autophagy by HCQ was associated with platinum sensitivity. Autophagy protein LC3A could be a promising target for treatment for CCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morikazu Miyamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Masashi Takano
- Department of Clinical Oncology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Japan.
| | - Tadashi Aoyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Soyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yoshikawa
- Department of Clinical Oncology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tsuda
- Department of Basic Pathology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Kenichi Furuya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Japan
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Xu YP, He Q, Shen Z, Shu XL, Wang CH, Zhu JJ, Shi LP, Du LZ. MiR-126a-5p is involved in the hypoxia-induced endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition of neonatal pulmonary hypertension. Hypertens Res 2017; 40:552-561. [PMID: 28148930 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2017.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is a clinical syndrome characterized by increased medial and adventitial thickness of the lung vasculature. The underlying mechanisms that regulate the cell phenotype alteration during PPHN remodeling are largely unknown. We randomly selected newborn rats that were exposed to hypoxia (10-12%) or room air for 2 weeks and used a microarray to identify the lung tissue microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in PPHN progression. The role of a key miRNA that affects the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in primary cultured rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (RPMECs) was investigated. The expression of miR-126a-5p was elevated in the PPHN model according to microarray analysis. The relative expression of miR-126a-5p in RPMECs increased when they were exposed to hypoxia (P<0.05), consistent with the microarray results. Pecam1 expression decreased, whereas alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) increased in the hypoxic RPMECs. Knockdown of miR-126a-5p in RPMECs followed by treatment with hypoxia for 48 h resulted in a significant increase in the expression of Pecam1 and a reduction in α-SMA expression, with a simultaneous increase in PI3K (p85β) and phosphorylation of AKT at serine 473 compared with the negative control. Finally, the circulating miR-126a-5p concentration was upregulated in the PPHN model compared with healthy neonates. We concluded that hypoxia changed the cell homeostasis and that miR-126a-5p was upregulated in PPHN, which is partly responsible for hypoxia-induced EndMT. The mechanism underlying the upregulation of miR-126a-5p by hypoxia probably acts through the p85-β/p-AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ping Xu
- NICU, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Therapy of Neonatal Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi He
- NICU, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Therapy of Neonatal Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Shen
- Center Lab, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Li Shu
- Center Lab, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen-Hong Wang
- NICU, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Therapy of Neonatal Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Jun Zhu
- Department of Neonatology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Ping Shi
- NICU, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Therapy of Neonatal Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Zhong Du
- NICU, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Therapy of Neonatal Diseases, Hangzhou, China
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Lian Y, Cai Z, Gong H, Xue S, Wu D, Wang K. HOTTIP: a critical oncogenic long non-coding RNA in human cancers. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 12:3247-3253. [PMID: 27546609 DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00475j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We focus on the current knowledge of HOTTIP in various cancers and illustrate the corresponding mechanism and biological function of HOTTIP during tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Lian
- Department of Oncology
- Second Affiliated Hospital
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing 210000
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zeling Cai
- Department of General Surgery
- Second Affiliated Hospital
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing
- People's Republic of China
| | - Huangbo Gong
- Department of General Surgery
- Second Affiliated Hospital
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing
- People's Republic of China
| | - Songling Xue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University
- Nanjing
- People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Wu
- Department of General Surgery
- Second Affiliated Hospital
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing
- People's Republic of China
| | - Keming Wang
- Department of Oncology
- Second Affiliated Hospital
- Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing 210000
- People's Republic of China
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