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Zhou Y, Song L, Lyu L, Li S, Wang Q. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor with small cell carcinoma infiltration: a case report. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1389975. [PMID: 38952545 PMCID: PMC11215004 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1389975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the digestive system. They usually occur in the gastrointestinal tract. However, we discovered a rare phenomenon in which small cell carcinoma infiltrated the GIST of a patient. The patient came to the hospital and presented with chest tightness and shortness of breath for 2 months and a dry cough for half a month. As the ancillary tests were refined, it was discovered that he also had a lesion in the pelvic cavity. After pathological examination of the core needle biopsy (CNB) samples from the pelvic cavity lesion, the patient was diagnosed with GIST with small cell carcinoma infiltration. The patient is currently receiving a chemotherapy regimen of etoposide combined with cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Li Lyu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Shengjie Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qimin Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Mao Y, Huang M, Liu J. Achieving long-term survival in extensive-stage SCLC: a case report and mini literature review. Lung Cancer Manag 2024; 13:LMT64. [PMID: 38818367 PMCID: PMC11137793 DOI: 10.2217/lmt-2023-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Managing extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC) has long been challenging for clinicians and oncologists due to its aggressive nature and poor prognosis. We report a case of a 41-year-old female with ES-SCLC who survived for six years, defying the disease's typically poor prognosis. Through a heavy treatment strategy involving chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, the patient experienced robust responses and avoided distant metastasis, including brain involvement. The long-term survival case in SCLC highlights the need for further research into personalized strategies and prognostic biomarkers. This case holds significant value for both clinicians and researchers as it challenges the conventional strategies for ES-SCLC and sets the stage for future evidence-based studies aimed at extending survival in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Mao
- Fuzhou Pulmonary Hospital of Fujian, Clinical Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350008, China
| | - Meiping Huang
- Fuzhou Pulmonary Hospital of Fujian, Clinical Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350008, China
| | - Jiafu Liu
- Fuzhou Pulmonary Hospital of Fujian, Clinical Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350008, China
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Sun L, Zhao Q, Wang Y, Wang Y, Zheng M, Ding X, Miao L. Efficacy and Safety of Anlotinib-Containing Regimens in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Real-World Study. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:4165-4179. [PMID: 37720175 PMCID: PMC10505018 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s424777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Anlotinib is widely used in the clinical treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), alone or in combination with other anticancer drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate the real-world efficacy and safety of anlotinib-containing regimens. Patients and Methods Confirmed advanced NSCLC patients who had received anlotinib alone or in combination were enrolled. An overall analysis of the efficacy and safety of anlotinib was performed in all patients, and then subgroup analysis was used to further compare the efficacy between anlotinib monotherapy and combination therapy. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoints were ADR, ORR, and DCR. Results A total of 240 patients were included. The overall median PFS was 8.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.1-9.9 months). Anlotinib treatment regimens (monotherapy or combination therapy) and whether they received previous antiangiogenesis were associated with PFS. Anlotinib plus immunotherapy achieved longer PFS than anlotinib monotherapy (median PFS: 10.5 vs 6.5 months, p=0.007). Stratification analysis showed the PFS of anlotinib plus immunotherapy was significantly longer in male, adenocarcinoma, <=65 years old, patients stage IV, EGFR wild type, with extrathoracic metastasis, performance status scores ≥2, the first-line treatment, patients with a history of hypertension and no previous antiangiogenesis than anlotinib monotherapy. The median PFS of anlotinib plus chemotherapy, targeted therapy was slightly longer than anlotinib alone (respectively, 10.5 vs 6.5 months, p=0.095; 9.5 vs 6.5 months, p=0.177). Adverse reactions were mostly mild and acceptable, with hypertension being the most common. Conclusion Anlotinib is effective and tolerable in advanced NSCLC patients. Immunotherapy combination with anlotinib significantly improved PFS. The efficacy of anlotinib may be impaired by previous antiangiogenic therapy, which can be investigated in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Sun
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanning Wang
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuansheng Ding
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liyun Miao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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Wang N, Zhao L, Zhang D, Kong F. Efficacy and safety of anlotinib as maintenance therapy after induction chemotherapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer. Anticancer Drugs 2023; 34:558-562. [PMID: 36728981 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Anlotinib has been approved as the third-line or beyond treatment regimen for patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). However, it is indistinct whether there are survival benefits of anlotinib in the maintenance therapy of ES-SCLC. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib monotherapy as maintenance therapy after induction chemotherapy for patients with ES-SCLC. The median progression-free survival (mPFS) was considered to be the pivotal symbol as the primary endpoint. The median overall survival (mOS) and safety were recognized as the second endpoints. Eligible patients in stable status after first-line chemotherapy would subsequently accept oral anlotinib (12 mg/d, d1-d14, every 21 days as a course). The maintenance method was continued until disease progression or unmanageable toxicity occurred. The mPFS was 7.7 months (95% CI, 7.20-8.20 months) and the mOS was 11.0 months (95% CI, 9.19-12.82 months), respectively. The most common treatment-related adverse events were hypertension ( n = 9; 64.3%), fatigue ( n = 6; 42.9%), followed by decreased appetite ( n = 5; 35.7%), nausea ( n = 5; 35.7%), weight decrease ( n = 4; 28.6%), and rash ( n = 4; 28.6%). There were no patients who required dose reduction because of severe adverse events. Anlotinib achieved prospective efficacy and manageable safety in the maintenance treatment of ES-SCLC. These above outcomes demonstrated that anlotinib was a tolerable and potent maintenance treatment option after induction chemotherapy in ES-SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Dou Zhang
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Fanming Kong
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
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Song PF, Xu N, Li Q. Efficacy and Safety of Anlotinib for Elderly Patients with Previously Treated Extensive-Stage SCLC and the Prognostic Significance of Common Adverse Reactions. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:11133-11143. [PMID: 33173346 PMCID: PMC7646458 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s275624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib for elderly patients with previously treated extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) and the prognostic significance of common adverse reactions. Patients and Methods A total of 79 elderly patients (≥60 years) with ES-SCLC who failed after at least two lines of previous systemic therapy were included. Baseline characteristics of the patients were collected. Follow-up was conducted regularly. Adverse reactions were documented. Survival curves were drawn using Kaplan–Meier method. Univariate analysis was assessed using log rank test, and multivariate analysis was adjusted by Cox regression analysis. Additionally, the prognostic significance of common adverse reactions was performed. Results All of the 79 patients were available for evaluation of efficacy. Partial response (PR) was observed in 7 patients, stable disease (SD) was noted in 48 patients and progressive disease (PD) was confirmed in 24 patients. Consequently, the objective response rate (ORR) was 8.9% and disease control rate (DCR) was 69.6%. The median progression-free survival (PFS) of the 79 elderly patients with ES-SCLC was 3.0 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.02–3.98]. The median overall survival (OS) was 7.1 months (95% CI: 5.07–9.13). Safety profile demonstrated that the relatively common adverse reactions of the elderly patients with ES-SCLC receiving anlotinib treatment were hypertension (40.5%), hand-foot syndrome (HFS, 31.6%), diarrhea (27.8%), decreased appetite (20.3%), fatigue (17.7%) and weight loss (17.7%). Interestingly, the prognostic significance of common adverse reactions indicated that the median PFS of patients with hypertension and without hypertension was 4.35 and 2.95 months, respectively (P=0.01), and the median PFS of patients with HFS and without HFS was 4.20 and 2.95 months, respectively (P=0.03). Conclusion The preliminary efficacy and safety of anlotinib in the treatment for elderly patients with previously treated ES-SCLC was satisfactory, and patients with hypertension and hand-foot syndrome might confer superior prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Lian Yun Gang, Lian Yun Gang 222000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Lian Yun Gang, Lian Yun Gang 222000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Lian Yun Gang, Lian Yun Gang 222000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Rodríguez-Remírez M, Del Puerto-Nevado L, Fernández Aceñero MJ, Ebrahimi-Nik H, Cruz-Ramos M, García-García L, Solanes S, Baños N, Molina-Roldán E, García-Foncillas J, Cebrián A. Strong Antitumor Activity of Bevacizumab and Aflibercept in Neuroendocrine Carcinomas: In-Depth Preclinical Study. Neuroendocrinology 2020; 110:50-62. [PMID: 31030198 DOI: 10.1159/000500591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is a rare and very aggressive tumor. It has been greatly understudied, and very little is known about optimal treatment strategy for patients with this disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vivo whether anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs could be a therapeutic alternative for these tumors with a poor prognosis. METHODS We have developed 2 xenograft models using either human cell line derived from lung (H460) or from colon (COLO320) NEC to assess the effect of 2 antiangiogenic drugs, aflibercept and bevacizumab, on tumor growth and their pathological characteristics. Additionally, tumors were subjected to immunohistochemistry staining and proteins were measured with Western blot and ELISA. RESULTS Both aflibercept and bevacizumab showed significant antitumor activity (p < 0.001). In the H460 model, aflibercept resulted in 94% tumor growth inhibition (TGI) and bevacizumab treatment resulted in 72.2% TGI. Similarly, in the COLO320 model, aflibercept and bevacizumab resulted in 89.3 and 84% TGI, respectively. Moreover, antitumor activity occurs early after treatment initiation. Using Tumor Control Index score, which address the kinetics of tumor growth in a way comparable to the methods used in human clinical studies, we confirmed that both drugs inhibit significantly tumor growth. When tumor stabilization was evaluated, aflibercept shows higher ability to stabilize NEC tumors than bevacizumab. CONCLUSION Results derived from this study strongly support anti-VEGF therapies, especially aflibercept, as a novel therapeutic option in NECs. Further studies are necessary, but our observations encourage the evaluation of antiangiogenics in clinical trials combined with standard chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Rodríguez-Remírez
- Division of Translational Oncology, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Del Puerto-Nevado
- Division of Translational Oncology, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Jesús Fernández Aceñero
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Departamento de Anatomía Patològica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hakimeh Ebrahimi-Nik
- Department of Immunology, The Carole and Ray Neag Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Marlid Cruz-Ramos
- Division of Translational Oncology, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura García-García
- Division of Translational Oncology, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Solanes
- Division of Translational Oncology, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Baños
- Division of Translational Oncology, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Molina-Roldán
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Departamento de Anatomía Patològica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús García-Foncillas
- Division of Translational Oncology, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Arancha Cebrián
- Division of Translational Oncology, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain,
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Nicolini G, Forini F, Kusmic C, Iervasi G, Balzan S. Angiopoietin 2 signal complexity in cardiovascular disease and cancer. Life Sci 2019; 239:117080. [PMID: 31756341 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The angiopoietin signal transduction system is a complex of vascular-specific kinase pathways that plays a crucial role in angiogenesis and maintenance of vascular homeostasis. Angiopoietin1 (Ang1) and 2 (Ang2), the ligand proteins of the pathway, belong to a family of glycoproteins that signal primarily through the transmembrane Tyrosine-kinase-2 receptor. Despite a considerable sequence homology, Ang1 and Ang2 manifest antagonistic effects in pathophysiological conditions. While Ang1 promotes the activation of survival pathways and the stabilization of the normal mature vessels, Ang2 can either favor vessel destabilization and leakage or promote abnormal EC proliferation in a context-dependent manner. Altered Ang1/Ang2 balance has been reported in various pathological conditions in association with inflammation and deregulated angiogenesis. In particular, increased Ang2 levels have been documented in human cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD), including ischemic myocardial injury, heart failure and other cardiovascular complications secondary to diabetes, chronic renal damage and hypertension. Despite the obvious phenotypic differences, CVD and cancer share some common Ang2-dependent etiopathological mechanisms such as inflammation, epithelial (or endothelial) to mesenchymal transition, and adverse vascular network remodeling. Interestingly, both cancer and CVD are negatively affected by thyroid hormone dyshomeostasis. This review provides an overview of the complex Ang2-dependent signaling involved in CVD and cancer, as well as a survey of the related clinical literature. Moreover, on the basis of recent molecular acquisitions in an experimental model of post ischemic cardiac disease, the putative novel role of the thyroid hormone in the regulation of Ang1/Ang2 balance is also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Forini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via G.Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Claudia Kusmic
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via G.Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Iervasi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via G.Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Silvana Balzan
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via G.Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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Chang SM, Jain V, Chen TL, Patel AS, Pidugu HB, Lin YW, Wu MH, Huang JR, Wu HC, Shah A, Su TL, Lee TC. Design and Synthesis of 1,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolo[2,1-a]phthalazine Hybrids as Potent Anticancer Agents that Inhibit Angiogenesis and Induce DNA Interstrand Cross-links. J Med Chem 2019; 62:2404-2418. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anamik Shah
- Center of Excellence in Drug Discovery, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360005, India
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Abstract
The neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) acts as an autocrine growth factor for human lung cancer. Several lines of evidence show that lung cancer cells express all of the proteins required for the uptake of choline (choline transporter 1, choline transporter-like proteins) synthesis of ACh (choline acetyltransferase, carnitine acetyltransferase), transport of ACh (vesicular acetylcholine transport, OCTs, OCTNs) and degradation of ACh (acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase). The released ACh binds back to nicotinic (nAChRs) and muscarinic receptors on lung cancer cells to accelerate their proliferation, migration and invasion. Out of all components of the cholinergic pathway, the nAChR-signaling has been studied the most intensely. The reason for this trend is due to genome-wide data studies showing that nicotinic receptor subtypes are involved in lung cancer risk, the relationship between cigarette smoke and lung cancer risk as well as the rising popularity of electronic cigarettes considered by many as a "safe" alternative to smoking. There are a small number of articles which review the contribution of the other cholinergic proteins in the pathophysiology of lung cancer. The primary objective of this review article is to discuss the function of the acetylcholine-signaling proteins in the progression of lung cancer. The investigation of the role of cholinergic network in lung cancer will pave the way to novel molecular targets and drugs in this lethal malignancy.
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Jiang K, Shen M, Xu W. Arginine, glycine, aspartic acid peptide-modified paclitaxel and curcumin co-loaded liposome for the treatment of lung cancer: in vitro/vivo evaluation. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:2561-2569. [PMID: 29731631 PMCID: PMC5927341 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s157746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In this study, a novel arginine, glycine, aspartic acid peptide (RGD)-modified paclitaxel and curcumin co-loaded liposomes were developed to evaluate their antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo. Materials and methods Co-loaded liposomes were prepared using the solvent evaporation method. The particles had spherical shapes under electron microscopy with sizes <130 nm. Results By comparison with the free drug, RGD-modified paclitaxel and curcumin co-loaded liposomes and paclitaxel and curcumin co-loaded liposomes have sustained-release properties in vitro. In vivo, there was no significant difference in pharmacokinetic parameters between the RGD-modified paclitaxel and curcumin co-loaded liposomes and paclitaxel and curcumin co-loaded liposomes. A strong green fluorescence was observed in the cytoplasmic region after incubation of RGD-modified paclitaxel and curcumin co-loaded liposomes for 2 h. RGD-modified paclitaxel and curcumin co-loaded liposomes showed a superior antiproliferative effect on A549 cells with a possible mechanism that suppressed the multidrug resistance phenomenon and exhibited a clear synergistic effect. Conclusion The results indicate that RGD-modified paclitaxel and curcumin co-loaded liposomes had a better antitumor effect in vivo than the non-modified LPs. These results indicate that RGD-modified co-loaded liposomes are a promising candidate for antitumor drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanqiu Jiang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Shi, Jiangsu Sheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjing Shen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Shi, Jiangsu Sheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihua Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Shi, Jiangsu Sheng, People's Republic of China
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Dong Z, Chen J, Yang X, Zheng W, Wang L, Fang M, Wu M, Yao M, Yao D. Ang-2 promotes lung cancer metastasis by increasing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Oncotarget 2018; 9:12705-12717. [PMID: 29560103 PMCID: PMC5849167 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common malignant tumor with increasing angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) and a high rate of metastasis. However, the mechanism of Ang-2 enhancing tumor proliferation and facilitating metastasis remains to be clarified. In this study, Ang-2 expression and its gene transcription on effects of biological behaviors and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were investigated in lung cancers. Total incidence of Ang-2 expression in the cancerous tissues was up to 91.8 % (112 of 122) with significantly higher (χ2=103.753, P2=7.883, P=0.005), differentiation degree (χ2=4.554, P=0.033), tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging (χ2=5.039, P=0.025), and 5-year survival rate (χ2 =11.220, P2=18.881, P2=0.81, P=0.776) or III & IV (χ2=1.845, P=0.174). Over-expression of Ang-2 or Ang-2 mRNA in lung A549 and NCI-H1975 cells were identified among different cell lines. When silencing Ang-2 in A549 cells with specific shRNA-1 transfection, the cell proliferation was significantly inhibited in a time-dependent manner, with up-regulating E-cadherin, down-regulating Vimentin, Twist, and Snail expression, and decreasing invasion and metastasis of cancer cell abilities, suggesting that Ang-2 promote tumor metastasis through increasing EMT, and it could be a potential target for lung cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhen Dong
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianrong Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xuli Yang
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenjie Zheng
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li Wang
- Departments of Medical Informatics & Immunology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Miao Fang
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mengna Wu
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Min Yao
- Departments of Medical Informatics & Immunology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dengfu Yao
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
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Urabe F, Kosaka N, Yoshioka Y, Egawa S, Ochiya T. The small vesicular culprits: the investigation of extracellular vesicles as new targets for cancer treatment. Clin Transl Med 2017; 6:45. [PMID: 29238879 PMCID: PMC5729179 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-017-0176-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous vesicles released from almost all type of cells including cancer cells. EVs transfer their components, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), messenger RNAs, lipids and proteins, from one cell to another, affecting the target cells. Emerging evidence suggests that reciprocal interactions between cancer cells and the cells in their microenvironment via EVs drive disease progression and therapy resistance. Therefore, understanding the roles of EVs in cancer biology will provide us with new opportunities to treat patients. EVs are also useful for monitoring disease processes. EVs have been found in many kinds of biological fluids such as blood, urine, saliva and semen. Because of their accessibility, EVs offer ease of collection with minimal discomfort to patients and are preferred for serial collection. In addition, they reflect and carry dynamic changes in disease, allowing us to access crucial molecular information about the disease status. Therefore, EVs hold great possibility as clinically useful biomarkers to provide multiple non-invasive snapshots of primary and metastatic tumors. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of miRNAs in EVs in cancer biology and as biomarkers. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of miRNAs in EVs for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Urabe
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.,Department of Urology, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8471, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Kosaka
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Yoshioka
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Shin Egawa
- Department of Urology, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8471, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
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Zhao J, Zhang X, Gong C, Zhang J. Targeted therapy with apatinib in a patient with relapsed small cell lung cancer: A case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e9259. [PMID: 29390367 PMCID: PMC5815779 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a lethal malignancy. Once relapsed, the disease is irreversible and most of the patients will die of cancer aggravation in 1 to 2 months. In the past several decades, little progress has been made in the systemic treatment of SCLC. Apatinib, as a novel small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor specifically targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), has achieved progress in treatment of a variety of cancers. However, there has been no report of the targeted therapy with apatinib in SCLC yet. PATIENT CONCERNS A 63-year-old man, an ex-smoker, presented with a slight hoarseness and cough. The patient was admitted to our department with a primary diagnosis of SCLC at an extensive stage (ES-SCLC). After 17 months of successful first-, second-, and third-line chemotherapy, the disease eventually became relapsed. Then, apatinib treatment started promptly on demand by the patient and his family. INTERVENTION After presenting an informed consent, the patient received apatinib treatment immediately at a dose of 250 mg/day orally. OUTCOMES (1) On the 28th day of apatinib therapy, the symptoms of dyspnea and poor appetite of the patient were notably improved. (2) The CT scan taken on the 70th day showed that the pleural effusion in the left lung almost disappeared. (3) The elevated serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) level was decreased. The patient died of acute respiratory failure on the 172nd day of apatinib treatment. Importantly, the tumor mass did not enlarge obviously during apatinib treatment. LESSONS Here, we presented a case with relapsed SCLC who unexpectedly responded to single-agent apatinib treatment. Therefore, this report will shed light on future studies of targeted therapy with apatinib in SCLC at different stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Changzhi People's Hospital, Changzhi, Shanxi
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Changzhi People's Hospital, Changzhi, Shanxi
| | - Chaojie Gong
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai
| | - Jialei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzhi People's Hospital, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
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Elm'hadi C, Zerrik M, Errihani H, Ichou M. A Long Survival Woman with Primary Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Gallbladder: Role of Chemotherapy Maintenance. Cureus 2017; 9:e1368. [PMID: 28744415 PMCID: PMC5519319 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.1368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder small-cell carcinoma (SCC) is an extremely rare cancer characterized by early metastases and associated with poor survival outcomes. The therapeutic options are limited in this indication and dedicated prospective trials are difficult to achieve. Maintenance chemotherapy is an evolving concept in medical oncology whose goal is to prolong chemotherapy-induced response. The role of maintenance therapy has been demonstrated especially in many cancers but the results remain controversial in small cell cancer. We report a case of a 49-year-old woman admitted in our institution with biliary colic, postprandial bilious vomiting, right hypochondrial mass, and deteriorated general condition. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a mass of the gallbladder with lymphadenopathy in the hepatic hilum and multiple liver metastases. CT-guided biopsy was performed that showed small, round cells with high nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio, and frequent atypical mitosis, which is consistent with high-grade small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. Tumor cells were positive for chromogranin A, synaptophysin, and CD56. Ki-67 shows a high proliferation rate with 90% tumor cell staining and the diagnosis of gallbladder SCC was confirmed. The treatment used a combination of carboplatin and etoposide, interrupted by the generalized discomfort and shortness of breath during the second course of the etoposide. Repeated CT scan showed a partial radiological response in the order of 35% and carboplatin monotherapy was maintained with good tolerance and stability of the disease until the 11th cure. Thrombocytopenia at 70,000 per mm3 appeared, and its persistence forced the cessation of this treatment. Five months later, the disease progressed and second-line chemotherapy by irinotecan was given weekly. The death occurred 18 months after initiation of medical treatment due to hepatocellular insufficiency. Maintenance therapy in SCC should be considered as a promising therapeutic option when it is well tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choukri Elm'hadi
- Department of Oncology, National Institute of Oncology Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Meryem Zerrik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital of Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hassan Errihani
- Department of Oncology, National Institute of Oncology Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Ichou
- Department of Oncology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital of Rabat, Morocco
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Zhang F, Lu YX, Chen Q, Zou HM, Zhang JM, Hu YH, Li XM, Zhang WJ, Zhang W, Lin C, Li XN. Identification of NCK1 as a novel downstream effector of STAT3 in colorectal cancer metastasis and angiogenesis. Cell Signal 2017; 36:67-78. [PMID: 28455144 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is known to activate targets associated with invasion, proliferation, and angiogenesis in a wide variety of cancers. The adaptor protein NCK1 is involved in cytoskeletal movement and was identified as a STAT3-associated target in human tumors. However, the underlying molecular mechanism associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis is not yet completely understood. In this study, we report a novel STAT3 to NCK1 signaling pathway in colorectal cancer (CRC). We investigated the expression of NCK1 and its potential clinical and biological significance in CRC. NCK1 was noticeably up-regulated in human CRC tissues. NCK1 was also significantly associated with serosal invasion, lymph metastasis, and tumor-node-metastasis classification but was inversely correlated with differentiation. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies have shown that ectopic expression of NCK1 enhanced metastasis and angiogenesis in CRC cells. By gene expression analyses, we revealed a high co-overexpression of STAT3 and NCK1 in CRC tissues. Ectopic overexpression of STAT3 in CRC cells induced the expression of NCK1, whereas STAT3 knockdown decreased the expression of NCK1. Promoter activation and binding analyses demonstrated that STAT3 promoted the expression of NCK1 via direct action on the NCK1 promoter. The knock down of NCK1 partially reduced the CRC cell metastasis and angiogenesis promoted by STAT3. Additionally, by co-immunoprecipitation assays, we verified that NCK1 interacted with PAK1, which resulted in the activation of the PAK1/ERK pathway. STAT3 induced the transcription of NCK1 and triggered a PAK1/ERK cascade in CRC. These findings suggest a novel STAT3 to NCK1 to PAK1/ERK signaling mechanism that is potentially critical for CRC metastasis and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Yan-Xia Lu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Qing Chen
- Department of Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Hui-Mei Zou
- School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
| | - Jian-Ming Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Yu-Han Hu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Xiao-Min Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Wen-Juan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Chun Lin
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Xue-Nong Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Liu X, Jiang Y, Wu J, Zhang W, Liang Y, Jia L, Yu J, Jeong LS, Li L. NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor, MLN4924 (Pevonedistat) induces NOXA-dependent apoptosis through up-regulation of ATF-4. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 488:1-5. [PMID: 28450112 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.04.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that MLN4924 can inhibit cell growth and metastasis in various kinds of cancer. We have reported that MLN4924 is able to inhibit angiogenesis through the induction of cell apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo models. Moreover, Neddylation inhibition using MLN4924 triggered the accumulation of pro-apoptotic protein NOXA in Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). However, the mechanism of MLN4924-induced NOXA up-regulation has not been addressed in HUVECs yet. In this study, we investigated how MLN4924 induced NOXA expression and cellular apoptosis in HUVECs treated with MLN4924 at indicated concentrations. MLN4924-induced apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin V-FITC/PI analysis and expression of genes associated with apoptosis was assessed by Quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting. As a result, MLN4924 triggered NOXA-dependent apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in HUVECs. Mechanistically, inactivation of Neddylation pathway caused up-regulation of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF-4), a substrate of Cullin-Ring E3 ubiquitin ligases (CRL). NOXA was subsequently transactivated by ATF-4 and further induced apoptosis. More importantly, knockdown of ATF-4 by siRNA significantly decreased NOXA expression and apoptotic induction in HUVECs. In summary, our study reveals a new mechanism underlying MLN4924-induced NOXA accumulation in HUVECs, which may help extend further study of MLN4924 for angiogenesis inhibition treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Liu
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yanan Jiang
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jianfu Wu
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yupei Liang
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lijun Jia
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Cancer Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jinha Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea Department of Pharmacy, South Korea
| | - L S Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea Department of Pharmacy, South Korea.
| | - Lihui Li
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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