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Belviso BD, Shen Y, Carrozzini B, Morishita M, di Luccio E, Caliandro R. Structural insights into the C-terminus of the histone-lysine N-methyltransferase NSD3 by small-angle X-ray scattering. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1191246. [PMID: 38516186 PMCID: PMC10955146 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1191246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
NSD3 is a member of six H3K36-specific histone lysine methyltransferases in metazoans. Its overexpression or mutation is implicated in developmental defects and oncogenesis. Aside from the well-characterized catalytic SET domain, NSD3 has multiple clinically relevant potential chromatin-binding motifs, such as the proline-tryptophan-tryptophan-proline (PWWP), the plant homeodomain (PHD), and the adjacent Cys-His-rich domain located at the C-terminus. The crystal structure of the individual domains is available, and this structural knowledge has allowed the designing of potential inhibitors, but the intrinsic flexibility of larger constructs has hindered the characterization of mutual domain conformations. Here, we report the first structural characterization of the NSD3 C-terminal region comprising the PWWP2, SET, and PHD4 domains, which has been achieved at a low resolution in solution by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data on two multiple-domain NSD3 constructs complemented with size-exclusion chromatography and advanced computational modeling. Structural models predicted by machine learning have been validated in direct space, by comparison with the SAXS-derived molecular envelope, and in reciprocal space, by reproducing the experimental SAXS profile. Selected models have been refined by SAXS-restrained molecular dynamics. This study shows how SAXS data can be used with advanced computational modeling techniques to achieve a detailed structural characterization and sheds light on how NSD3 domains are interconnected in the C-terminus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yunpeng Shen
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | | | - Masayo Morishita
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eric di Luccio
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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2
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Mojarad BA, Crees ZD, Schroeder MC, Xiang Z, Vader J, Sina J, Jacoby M, Frater JL, Duncavage EJ, Spencer DH, Lavine K, Neidich JA, Amarillo I. Clinical whole-genome sequencing and FISH identify two different fusion partners for NUP98 in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia: A case report. Cancer Genet 2024; 280-281:1-5. [PMID: 38056049 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Only rare cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have been shown to harbor a t(8;11)(p11.2;p15.4). This translocation is believed to involve the fusion of NSD3 or FGFR1 with NUP98; however, apart from targeted mRNA quantitative PCR analysis, no molecular approaches have been utilized to define the chimeric fusions present in these rare cases. CASE PRESENTATION Here we present the case of a 51-year-old female with AML with myelodysplastic-related morphologic changes, 13q deletion and t(8;11), where initial fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assays were consistent with the presence of NUP98 and FGFR1 rearrangements, and suggestive of NUP98/FGFR1 fusion. Using a streamlined clinical whole-genome sequencing approach, we resolved the breakpoints of this translocation to intron 4 of NSD3 and intron 12 of NUP98, indicating NUP98/NSD3 rearrangement as the likely underlying aberration. Furthermore, our approach identified small variants in WT1 and STAG2, as well as an interstitial deletion on the short arm of chromosome 12, which were cryptic in G-banded chromosomes. CONCLUSIONS NUP98 fusions in acute leukemia are predictive of poor prognosis. The associated fusion partner and the presence of co-occurring mutations, such as WT1, further refine this prognosis with potential clinical implications. Using a clinical whole-genome sequencing analysis, we resolved t(8;11) breakpoints to NSD3 and NUP98, ruling out the involvement of FGFR1 suggested by FISH while also identifying multiple chromosomal and sequence level aberrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh A Mojarad
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Pathology Lab, Division of Lab and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Zachary D Crees
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Molly C Schroeder
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Pathology Lab, Division of Lab and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Zhifu Xiang
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Justin Vader
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jason Sina
- Division of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Meagan Jacoby
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - John L Frater
- Division of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eric J Duncavage
- Division of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - David H Spencer
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kory Lavine
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Julie A Neidich
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Pathology Lab, Division of Lab and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, MO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ina Amarillo
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Pathology Lab, Division of Lab and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, MO, USA
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3
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Yao Y, Gu J, Li M, Li G, Ai J, Zhao L. WHSC1L1-mediated epigenetic downregulation of VMP1 participates in herpes simplex virus 1 infection-induced mitophagy impairment and neuroinflammation. Mol Immunol 2023; 163:63-74. [PMID: 37748280 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Microglia are the first-line defenders against invading pathogens in the brain whose activation mediates virus clearance and leads to neurotoxicity as well. This work studies the role of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 1-like 1 (WHSC1L1)/vacuole membrane protein 1 (VMP1) interaction in the activation of microglia and neuroinflammation following herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection. Aberrantly expressed genes after HSV-1 infection were screened by analyzing the GSE35943 dataset. C57BL/6J mice and mouse microglia BV2 were infected with HSV-1 for in vivo and in vitro assays. VMP1 was downregulated but WHSC1L1 was upregulated in HSV-1-infected mouse brain tissues as well as in BV2 cells. The VMP1 overexpression enhanced mitophagy activity and suppressed oxidative stress and inflammatory activation of BV2 cells, but these effects were blocked by the autophagy antagonist 3-methyladenine. WHSC1H1 suppressed VMP1 transcription through H3K36me2-recruited DNMT3A. Downregulation of WHSC1H1 similarly enhanced mitophagy in BV2 cells, and it alleviated microglia activation, nerve cell inflammation, and brain tissue damage in HSV-1-infected mice. However, the alleviating roles of WHSC1H1 silencing were negated by further VMP1 silencing. Taken together. this study demonstrates that WHSC1L1 upregulation following HSV-1 infection leads to mitophagy impairment and neuroinflammation through epigenetic suppression of VMP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yao
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001, Hebei, PR China.
| | - Juxian Gu
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001, Hebei, PR China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001, Hebei, PR China
| | - Guoce Li
- Department of MRI, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001, Hebei, PR China
| | - Jingyi Ai
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001, Hebei, PR China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061001, Hebei, PR China
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4
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Kim S, Hwang I, Kim SH, Chung HW, Ji MJ, Moon S, Park HM, Kong G, Hur W. Identification of novel class inhibitors of NSD3 methyltransferase showing a unique, bivalent binding mode in the SET domain. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:500-513. [PMID: 37072259 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
NSD3/WHSC1L1 lysine methyltransferase promotes the transcription of target genes through di- or tri-methylation at histone H3K36 using SAM as a cofactor. Genetic alterations such as amplification and gain-of-function mutation of NSD3 act as oncogenic drivers in several cancers including squamous cell lung cancer and breast cancer. NSD3 is an important therapeutic target for cancers, but the reported NSD3 inhibitors targeting the catalytic SET domain are very rare and show a poor activity. Herein, from a virtual library screening and the subsequent medicinal chemistry optimization, we identified a novel class of NSD3 inhibitors. Our docking analysis and pulldown result suggested that the most potent analogue 13i shows a unique, bivalent binding mode interacting with both SAM-binding site and BT3-bindig site within the SET domain. We found 13i inhibits NSD3 activity with IC50 = 287 μM in vitro and suppresses the proliferation of JIMT1 breast cancer cells with GI50 = 36.5 μM, which express a high level of NSD3. Also, 13i downregulated the levels of H3K36me2/3 in a dose-dependent manner. Our study could provide an insight in designing high-affinity NSD3 inhibitors. Also, as the acrylamide group of 13i was predicted to position near Cys1265 in the BT3-binding site, further optimization would lead to a discovery of novel irreversible NSD3 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumin Kim
- HY-KIST Bioconvergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Injeoung Hwang
- HY-KIST Bioconvergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Suhn Hyung Kim
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hwan Won Chung
- Computational Science Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi-Jung Ji
- Advanced Analysis Data Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sojeong Moon
- HY-KIST Bioconvergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Mee Park
- Advanced Analysis Data Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gu Kong
- HY-KIST Bioconvergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Pathology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wooyoung Hur
- HY-KIST Bioconvergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
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5
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Li D, Tian T, Ko CN, Yang C. Prospect of targeting lysine methyltransferase NSD3 for tumor therapy. Pharmacol Res 2023; 194:106839. [PMID: 37400043 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein 3 (NSD3) has recently been recognized as a new epigenetic target in the fight against cancer. NSD3, which is amplified, overexpressed or mutated in a variety of tumors, promotes tumor development by regulating the cell cycle, apoptosis, DNA repair and EMT. Therefore, the inhibition, silencing or knockdown of NSD3 are highly promising antitumor strategies. This paper summarizes the structure and biological functions of NSD3 with an emphasis on its carcinogenic or cancer-promoting activity. The development of NSD3-specific inhibitors or degraders is also discussed and reviewed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Tiantian Tian
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519087, China
| | - Chung-Nga Ko
- C-MER Dennis Lam and Partners Eye Center, Hong Kong International Eye Care Group, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chao Yang
- National Engineering Research Center For Marine Aquaculture, Institute of Innovation & Application, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province 316022, China.
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Zhao J, Liu Y, Cui Q, He R, Zhao JR, Lu L, Wang HQ, Dai H, Wang H, Yang W. A prediction model for prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma based on six metabolism-related genes. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 34:101440. [PMID: 36852096 PMCID: PMC9957706 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The study of tumor metabolism is of great value to elucidate the mechanism of tumorigenesis and predict the prognosis of patients. However, the prognostic role of metabolism-related genes (MRGs) in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAD) remains poorly understood. Methods We downloaded the gene chip dataset GSE79973 (n = 20) of GAD from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to compare differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between normal and tumor tissues. We then extracted MRGs from these DEGs and systematically investigated the prognostic value of these differential MRGs for predicting patients' overall survival by univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis. Six metabolic genes (ACOX3, APOE, DIO2, HSD17B4, NUAK1, and WHSC1L1) were identified as prognosis-associated hub genes, which were used to build a prognostic model in the training dataset GSE15459 (n = 200), and then validated in the dataset GSE62254 (n = 300). Results Patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk subgroups based on the model's risk score, and it was found that patients in the high-risk subgroup had shorter overall survival than those in the low-risk subgroup, both in the training and testing datasets. In addition, for the training and testing cohorts, the area under the ROC curve of the prognostic model for one-year survival prediction was 0.723 and 0.667, respectively, indicating that the model has good predictive performance. Furthermore, we established a nomogram based on tumor stage and risk score to effectively predict the overall survival (OS) of GAD patients. The expression of 6 MRGs at the protein level was confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis further confirmed that their expression influenced OS in GAD patients. Conclusion Collectively, the 6 MRGs signature might be a reliable tool for assessing OS in GAD patients, with potential application value in clinical decision-making and individualized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Zhao
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology, Institute of Health & Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.,Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology, Institute of Health & Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.,Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.,Science Island Branch, Graduate School of USTC, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Qianwen Cui
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology, Institute of Health & Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.,Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.,Science Island Branch, Graduate School of USTC, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Rongli He
- Department of Anatomy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Jia-Rong Zhao
- Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Anatomy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Hong-Qiang Wang
- Science Island Branch, Graduate School of USTC, Hefei, 230026, China.,Biological Molecular Information System Laboratory, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Haiming Dai
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology, Institute of Health & Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.,Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.,Science Island Branch, Graduate School of USTC, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology, Institute of Health & Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.,Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.,Science Island Branch, Graduate School of USTC, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Wulin Yang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology, Institute of Health & Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.,Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.,Science Island Branch, Graduate School of USTC, Hefei, 230026, China
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7
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Rakheja D, Park JY, Yang MS, Martinez DP, Koduru P, Wilson KS, Garcia R, Uddin N. Rhabdomyosarcoma With Epithelioid Features And NSD3::FOXO1 Fusion: Evidence For Reconsideration Of Previously Reported FOXO1::FGFR1 Fusion. Int J Surg Pathol 2023; 31:213-220. [PMID: 35502835 DOI: 10.1177/10668969221098084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Epithelioid rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare rhabdomyosarcoma variant for which no diagnostic recurrent driver genetic events have been identified. Here we report a rapidly progressive and widely metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma with epithelioid features that arose in the thigh of a male infant. Conventional cytogenetics revealed a t(8;13)(p11.2;q14) translocation. Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies showed rearrangement of FOXO1 and amplification of its 3" end, and rearrangement of NSD3 and amplification of its 5` end. Next generation sequencing identified a NSD3::FOXO1 fusion, which is a previously unreported gene fusion. We also review the historic report of a FOXO1::FGFR1 fusion in a solid variant of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma and propose that NSD3::FOXO1 fusion may have been the more appropriate interpretation of the data presented in that report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Rakheja
- Department of Pathology, 12334University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Children's Health, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jason Y Park
- Department of Pathology, 12334University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Children's Health, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mary S Yang
- Children's Health, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Radiology, 12334University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Diana P Martinez
- Department of Pathology, 12334University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Prasad Koduru
- Department of Pathology, 12334University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kathleen S Wilson
- Department of Pathology, 12334University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rolando Garcia
- Department of Pathology, 12334University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Naseem Uddin
- Department of Pathology, 12334University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Children's Health, Dallas, TX, USA
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8
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Liu X, Wang A, Shi Y, Dai M, Liu M, Cai HB. PROTACs in Epigenetic Cancer Therapy: Current Status and Future Opportunities. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031217. [PMID: 36770884 PMCID: PMC9919707 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The epigenetic regulation of gene functions has been proven to be strongly associated with the development and progression of cancer. Reprogramming the cancer epigenome landscape is one of the most promising target therapies in both treatments and in reversing drug resistance. Proteolytic targeted chimeras (PROTACs) are an emerging therapeutic modality for selective degradation via the native ubiquitin-proteasome system. Rapid advances in PROTACs have facilitated the exploration of targeting epigenetic proteins, a lot of PROTAC degraders have already been designed in the field of epigenetic cancer therapy, and PROTACs targeting epigenetic proteins can better exploit target druggability and improve the mechanistic understanding of the epigenetic regulation of cancer. Thus, this review focuses on the progress made in the development of PROTAC degraders and PROTAC drugs targeting epigenetics in cancer and discusses challenges and future opportunities for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Liu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan 430071, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Anjin Wang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan 430071, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yuying Shi
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan 430071, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Mengyuan Dai
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan 430071, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan 430071, China
- Correspondence: (M.D.); (H.-B.C.)
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hong-Bing Cai
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan 430071, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan 430071, China
- Correspondence: (M.D.); (H.-B.C.)
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9
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Sun Y, Zhang Y, Chen X, Yu A, Du W, Huang Y, Wu F, Yu L, Li J, Wen C, Yang H, Shi Q, Geng M, Huang X, Xu S. Discovery of a potent and selective proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) degrader of NSD3 histone methyltransferase. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 239:114528. [PMID: 35717870 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein 3 (NSD3) is an attractive potential target in the therapy for human cancers. Herein, we report the discovery of a series of small-molecule NSD3 degraders based on the proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) strategy. The represented compound 8 induces NSD3 degradation with DC50 values of 1.43 and 0.94 μM in NCI-H1703 and A549 lung cancer cells, respectively, and shows selectivity over two other NSD proteins. 8 reduces histone H3 lysine 36 methylation and induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in lung cancer cells. Moreover, the RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry assays showed that 8 downregulates NSD3-associated gene expression. Significantly, 8, but not 1 (a reported NSD3-PWWP antagonist) could inhibit the cell growth of NCI-H1703 and A549 cells. A single administration of 8 effectively decreases the NSD3 protein level in lung cancer xenograft models. Therefore, this study demonstrated that inducing NSD3 degradation is a more effective approach inhibiting the function of NSD3 than blocking the NSD3-PWWP domain, which may provide a potential therapeutic approach for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoliang Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, NO. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Xiaoai Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Aisong Yu
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, NO. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Wenhao Du
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Yuting Huang
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, NO. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Feifei Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, NO. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Lei Yu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, 310024, PR China
| | - Cuiyun Wen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Hong Yang
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai, 200210, PR China
| | - Qiongyu Shi
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai, 200210, PR China
| | - Meiyu Geng
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, NO. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, 310024, PR China.
| | - Xun Huang
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, NO. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, 310024, PR China; Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai, 200210, PR China.
| | - Shilin Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, NO. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, PR China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
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10
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He M, Cao C, Ni Z, Liu Y, Song P, Hao S, He Y, Sun X, Rao Y. PROTACs: great opportunities for academia and industry (an update from 2020 to 2021). Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:181. [PMID: 35680848 PMCID: PMC9178337 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00999-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs) technology is a new protein-degradation strategy that has emerged in recent years. It uses bifunctional small molecules to induce the ubiquitination and degradation of target proteins through the ubiquitin–proteasome system. PROTACs can not only be used as potential clinical treatments for diseases such as cancer, immune disorders, viral infections, and neurodegenerative diseases, but also provide unique chemical knockdown tools for biological research in a catalytic, reversible, and rapid manner. In 2019, our group published a review article “PROTACs: great opportunities for academia and industry” in the journal, summarizing the representative compounds of PROTACs reported before the end of 2019. In the past 2 years, the entire field of protein degradation has experienced rapid development, including not only a large increase in the number of research papers on protein-degradation technology but also a rapid increase in the number of small-molecule degraders that have entered the clinical and will enter the clinical stage. In addition to PROTAC and molecular glue technology, other new degradation technologies are also developing rapidly. In this article, we mainly summarize and review the representative PROTACs of related targets published in 2020–2021 to present to researchers the exciting developments in the field of protein degradation. The problems that need to be solved in this field will also be briefly introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming He
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chaoguo Cao
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China.,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhihao Ni
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yongbo Liu
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Peilu Song
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Hao
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yuna He
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiuyun Sun
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yu Rao
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China. .,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China.
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11
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Sun Y, Xie J, Cai S, Wang Q, Feng Z, Li Y, Lu JJ, Chen W, Ye Z. Elevated expression of nuclear receptor-binding SET domain 3 promotes pancreatic cancer cell growth. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:913. [PMID: 34615858 PMCID: PMC8494902 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04205-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear receptor-binding SET domain 3 (NSD3) catalyzes methylation of histone H3 at lysine 36 (H3K36), and promotes malignant transformation and progression of human cancer. Its expression, potential functions and underlying mechanisms in pancreatic cancer are studied. Bioinformatics studies and results from local human tissues show that NSD3 is upregulated in human pancreatic cancer tissues, which is correlated with poor overall survival. In primary and established pancreatic cancer cells, NSD3 silencing (by shRNAs) or CRISPR/Cas9-induced NSD3 knockout potently inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while provoking cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Conversely, ectopic expression of NSD3-T1232A mutation significantly accelerated proliferation, migration, and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. H3K36 dimethylation, expression of NSD3-dependent genes (Prkaa2, Myc, Irgm1, Adam12, and Notch3), and mTOR activation (S6K1 phosphorylation) were largely inhibited by NSD3 silencing or knockout. In vivo, intratumoral injection of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-packed NSD3 shRNA potently inhibited pancreatic cancer xenograft growth in nude mice. These results suggest that elevated NSD3 could be an important driver for the malignant progression of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiaming Xie
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shang Cai
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Feng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yecheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jing-Jing Lu
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Zhenyu Ye
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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12
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Reyes DA, Sarría VMS, Salazar-Viedma M, D'Afonseca V. Histone Methyltransferases Useful in Gastric Cancer Research. Cancer Inform 2021; 20:11769351211039862. [PMID: 34413625 PMCID: PMC8369960 DOI: 10.1177/11769351211039862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most frequent tumors in the world. Stomach adenocarcinoma is a heterogeneous tumor, turning the prognosis prediction and patients’ clinical management difficult. Some diagnosis tests for GC are been development using knowledge based in polymorphisms, somatic copy number alteration (SCNA) and aberrant histone methylation. This last event, a posttranslational modification that occurs at the chromatin level, is an important epigenetic alteration seen in several tumors including stomach adenocarcinoma. Histone methyltransferases (HMT) are the proteins responsible for the methylation in specific amino acids residues of histones tails. Here, were presented several HMTs that could be relating to GC process. We use public data from 440 patients with stomach adenocarcinoma. We evaluated the alterations as SCNAs, mutations, and genes expression level of HMTs in these aforementioned samples. As results, it was identified the 10 HMTs most altered (up to 30%) in stomach adenocarcinoma samples, which are the PRDM14, PRDM9, SUV39H2, NSD2, SMYD5, SETDB1, PRDM12, SUV39H1, NSD3, and EHMT2 genes. The PRDM9 gene is among most mutated and amplified HMTs within the data set studied. PRDM14 is downregulated in 79% of the samples and the SUV39H2 gene is down expressed in patients with recurred/progressed disease. Several HMTs are altered in many cancers. It is important to generate a genetic atlas of alterations of cancer-related genes to improve the understanding of tumorigenesis events and to propose novel tools of diagnosis and prognosis for the cancer control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafne Alejandra Reyes
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | | | - Marcela Salazar-Viedma
- Laboratorio de Genética y Microevolución, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Vívian D'Afonseca
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
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13
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Rathert P. Structure, Activity and Function of the NSD3 Protein Lysine Methyltransferase. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:726. [PMID: 34440470 PMCID: PMC8398374 DOI: 10.3390/life11080726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
NSD3 is one of six H3K36-specific lysine methyltransferases in metazoans, and the methylation of H3K36 is associated with active transcription. NSD3 is a member of the nuclear receptor-binding SET domain (NSD) family of histone methyltransferases together with NSD1 and NSD2, which generate mono- and dimethylated lysine on histone H3. NSD3 is mutated and hyperactive in some human cancers, but the biochemical mechanisms underlying such dysregulation are barely understood. In this review, the current knowledge of NSD3 is systematically reviewed. Finally, the molecular and functional characteristics of NSD3 in different tumor types according to the current research are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Rathert
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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14
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Aiyer S, Swapna GVT, Ma LC, Liu G, Hao J, Chalmers G, Jacobs BC, Montelione GT, Roth MJ. A common binding motif in the ET domain of BRD3 forms polymorphic structural interfaces with host and viral proteins. Structure 2021; 29:886-898.e6. [PMID: 33592170 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2021.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The extraterminal (ET) domain of BRD3 is conserved among BET proteins (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4), interacting with multiple host and viral protein-protein networks. Solution NMR structures of complexes formed between the BRD3 ET domain and either the 79-residue murine leukemia virus integrase (IN) C-terminal domain (IN329-408) or its 22-residue IN tail peptide (IN386-407) alone reveal similar intermolecular three-stranded β-sheet formations. 15N relaxation studies reveal a 10-residue linker region (IN379-388) tethering the SH3 domain (IN329-378) to the ET-binding motif (IN389-405):ET complex. This linker has restricted flexibility, affecting its potential range of orientations in the IN:nucleosome complex. The complex of the ET-binding peptide of the host NSD3 protein (NSD3148-184) and the BRD3 ET domain includes a similar three-stranded β-sheet interaction, but the orientation of the β hairpin is flipped compared with the two IN:ET complexes. These studies expand our understanding of molecular recognition polymorphism in complexes of ET-binding motifs with viral and host proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Aiyer
- Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - G V T Swapna
- Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Li-Chung Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Gaohua Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Jingzhou Hao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Gordon Chalmers
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Brian C Jacobs
- Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Gaetano T Montelione
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
| | - Monica J Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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15
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Luen SJ, Asher R, Lee CK, Savas P, Kammler R, Dell'Orto P, Biasi OM, Demanse D, Hackl W, Thuerlimann B, Viale G, Di Leo A, Colleoni M, Regan MM, Loi S. Identifying oncogenic drivers associated with increased risk of late distant recurrence in postmenopausal, estrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative early breast cancer: results from the BIG 1-98 study. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:1359-1365. [PMID: 32652112 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In postmenopausal, estrogen receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative early breast cancer, the risk for distant recurrence can extend beyond 5 years of adjuvant endocrine therapy. This study aims to identify genomic driver alterations associated with late distant recurrence. PATIENTS AND METHODS Next generation sequencing was used to characterize driver alterations in primary tumors from a subset of 764 postmenopausal estrogen receptor-positive/HER2-negative patients from the BIG 1-98 randomized trial. Late distant recurrence events were defined as ≥5 years from time of randomization). The association of driver alterations with distant recurrence-free interval in early and late time periods was assessed using Cox regression models. Multivariable analyses were carried out to adjust for clinicopathological factors. Weighted analysis methods were used in order to correct for over-sampling of distant recurrences. RESULTS A total of 538 of 764 (70%) samples were successfully sequenced including 88 (63%) early and 52 (37%) late distant recurrence events after a median follow up of 8.1 years. In univariable analysis for late distant recurrence, PIK3CA mutations (58.8%) were significantly associated with reduced risk [hazard ratio (HR) 0.40, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.20-0.82, P = 0.012], whereas amplifications on chromosome 8p11 (10.9%) (HR 4.79, 95% CI 2.30-9.97, P < 0.001) and BRCA2 mutations (2.3%) (HR 5.39, 95% CI 1.51-19.29, P = 0.010) were significantly associated with an increased risk. In multivariable analysis, only amplifications on 8p11 (P = 0.002) and BRCA2 mutations (P = 0.013) remained significant predictors. CONCLUSIONS In estrogen receptor-positive/HER2-negative postmenopausal early breast cancer, PIK3CA mutations were associated with reduced risk of late distant recurrence, whereas amplifications on 8p11 and BRCA2 mutations were associated with increased risk of late distant recurrence. The characterization of oncogenic driver alterations may aid in refining treatment choices in the late disease setting, and help identify potential drug targets for testing in future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Luen
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R Asher
- National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - C K Lee
- National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - P Savas
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R Kammler
- International Breast Cancer Study Group, Coordinating Center, Central Pathology Office, Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Dell'Orto
- International Breast Cancer Study Group Central Pathology Office, Department of Pathology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - O M Biasi
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - D Demanse
- Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - W Hackl
- OncogenomX Inc., Allschwil, Basel, Switzerland
| | - B Thuerlimann
- Breast Center, Cantonal Hospital, St Gallen, Switzerland; Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK), Bern, Switzerland
| | - G Viale
- Department of Pathology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - A Di Leo
- Sandro Pitigliani Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital of Prato, Prato, Italy
| | - M Colleoni
- Division of Medical Senology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - M M Regan
- International Breast Cancer Study Group Statistical Center, Division of Biostatistics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - S Loi
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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16
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Han X, Piao L, Xu X, Luo F, Liu Z, He X. NSD2 Promotes Renal Cancer Progression Through Stimulating Akt/Erk Signaling. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:375-383. [PMID: 32021450 PMCID: PMC6974414 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s222673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nuclear receptor suppressor of variegation, enhancer of zeste, and trithorax (SET) domain-containing 2 (NSD2), is a well-known histone lysine methyltransferase (HMTase). The aim of this study was to investigate the biological role of NSD2 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Methods GEO and OncoLnc databases were used to identify NSD2 expression and estimate its clinical value in ccRCC. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was applied to further evaluate NSD2 protein level in ccRCC tissues. The expression of NSD2 in different cell lines and the transfection efficiency were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. The effect of NSD2 and the underlying mechanism in ccRCC progression were investigated via MTT, flow cytometry, Western blotting and xenograft tumor assays. Results NSD2 was over-expressed in both ccRCC tissues and cell lines. NSD2 expression could discriminate ccRCC samples from normal samples, and moreover, high NSD2 expression was characterized with a short overall survival (OS) time. Additionally, knockdown of NSD2 suppressed proliferation and induced apoptosis of cancer cells by inhibiting Akt/Erk signaling and regulating Bcl-2 and Bax expression. Meanwhile, up-regulation of NSD2 contributed to the opposite effects. Silencing of NSD2 reduced xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion NSD2 serves as an oncogenic factor in the progression of ccRCC via activation of Akt/Erk signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Han
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianhua Piao
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoshuang Xu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengbao Luo
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhou He
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, People's Republic of China
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17
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Li J, Ahn JH, Wang GG. Understanding histone H3 lysine 36 methylation and its deregulation in disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:2899-2916. [PMID: 31147750 PMCID: PMC11105573 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03144-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Methylation of histone H3 lysine 36 (H3K36) plays crucial roles in the partitioning of chromatin to distinctive domains and the regulation of a wide range of biological processes. Trimethylation of H3K36 (H3K36me3) demarcates body regions of the actively transcribed genes, providing signals for modulating transcription fidelity, mRNA splicing and DNA damage repair; and di-methylation of H3K36 (H3K36me2) spreads out within large intragenic regions, regulating distribution of histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) and possibly DNA methylation. These H3K36 methylation-mediated events are biologically crucial and controlled by different classes of proteins responsible for either 'writing', 'reading' or 'erasing' of H3K36 methylation marks. Deregulation of H3K36 methylation and related regulatory factors leads to pathogenesis of disease such as developmental syndrome and cancer. Additionally, recurrent mutations of H3K36 and surrounding histone residues are detected in human tumors, further highlighting the importance of H3K36 in biology and medicine. This review will elaborate on current advances in understanding H3K36 methylation and related molecular players during various chromatin-templated cellular processes, their crosstalks with other chromatin factors, as well as their deregulations in the diseased contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jeong Hyun Ahn
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Gang Greg Wang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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18
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Yi L, Yi L, Liu Q, Li C. Downregulation of NSD3 (WHSC1L1) inhibits cell proliferation and migration via ERK1/2 deactivation and decreasing CAPG expression in colorectal cancer cells. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:3933-3943. [PMID: 31190890 PMCID: PMC6535100 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s191732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: NSD3 (WHSC1L1) is a protein lysine methyltransferase that is recurrently amplified (8p11.23) in several cancer types, and its upregulation is involved in tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We aimed to evaluate its potential function as an oncogenic force in colorectal cancer (CRC), and to elucidate relevant mechanisms of its oncogenic activity. Materials and methods: NSD3 levels were analyzed in human CRC and adjacent normal tissues or cells by Western blot analysis and RT-qPCR. Expression levels of the proteins were detected by Western blot analysis and RT-qPCR. Results: NSD3 was significantly upregulated in both CRC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of NSD3 expression resulted in significant decreases in CRC cell proliferation, migration, and EMT process marker proteins vimentin, simultaneously reducing E-cadherin and N-cadherin expression. The opposite results were observed when NSD3 was overexpressed. Additionally, overexpressing of NSD3 dramatically activated the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway and enhanced actin-capping protein (CAPG) expression. Furthermore, the proliferation and migration abilities evidently facilitated by pcDNA3.1(+) expression vector containing full-length CDS of NSD3 (pcDNA3.1(+)-NSD3, or NSD3) were partially decreased after incubation with ERK1/2 signaling pathway inhibitor (PD98059) and/or specific siRNA against CAPG (siCAPG) in SW480 and HT-29 CRC cells. Conclusion: NSD3 overexpression stimulated CRC cell proliferation and migration through targeting the ERK1/2 signaling pathway and downstream CAPG. Thus, NSD3 could serve as a promising target for anticancer drug development for patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanjuan Yi
- Department of gastroenterology, Yantai Shan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong264001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lanjie Yi
- Research Office of Clinical literature, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Control, Xuzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, Jiangsu310015, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xuzhou Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, Jiangsu310015, People’s Republic of China
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