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Shen Z, Yu N, Zhang Y, Jia M, Sun Y, Li Y, Zhao L. The potential roles of HIF-1α in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and ferroptosis in tumor cells. Cell Signal 2024; 122:111345. [PMID: 39134249 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
In tumors, the rapid proliferation of cells and the imperfect blood supply system lead to hypoxia, which can regulate the adaptation of tumor cells to the hypoxic environment through hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and promote tumor development in multiple ways. Recent studies have found that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and ferroptosis play important roles in the progression of tumor cells. The activation of HIF-1α is considered a key factor in inducing EMT in tumor cells. When HIF-1α is activated, it can regulate EMT-related genes, causing tumor cells to gradually lose their epithelial characteristics and acquire more invasive mesenchymal traits. The occurrence of EMT allows tumor cells to better adapt to changes in the surrounding tissue, enhancing their migratory and invasive capabilities, thus promoting tumor progression. At the same time, HIF-1α also plays a crucial regulatory role in ferroptosis in tumor cells. In a hypoxic environment, HIF-1α may affect processes such as iron metabolism and oxidative stress responses, inducing ferroptosis in tumor cells. This article briefly reviews the dual role of HIF-1α in EMT and ferroptosis in tumor cells, helping to gain a deeper understanding of the regulatory pathways of HIF-1α in the development of tumor cells, providing a new perspective for understanding the pathogenesis of tumors. The regulation of HIF-1α may become an important strategy for future tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjun Shen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041 Jilin, China
| | - Na Yu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041 Jilin, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041 Jilin, China
| | - Mingbo Jia
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041 Jilin, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041 Jilin, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041 Jilin, China
| | - Liyan Zhao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041 Jilin, China.
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2
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Hou S, Chen Y, Jin C, Lin N. Integrative analysis of bulk RNA-seq and scRNA-seq data indicates the prognostic and immunologic values of SERPINH1 in glioma. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:3654-3665. [PMID: 38506564 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SERPINH1 is abnormally expressed in multiple cancers and is associated with malignant progression. However, few reports detail its role in the etiopathogenesis of glioma. Hence, the aim of this article was to investigate the potential value of SERPINH1 in glioma using an integrative analysis. METHODS Data of RNA-seq and scRNA-seq was obtained and evaluated using online databases. The expression of SERPINH1 was confirmed by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The prognostic value of SERPINH1 was evaluated using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. SERPINH1-related signaling pathways and the interaction of SERPINH1 with immunity were also investigated. RESULTS SERPINH1 exhibited a markedly elevated expression in glioma compared to normal brain tissues in the online databases. Similar results were confirmed by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. SERPINH1 was found to be an independent prognosis factor, and high expression of SERPINH1 indicated poor survival. Moreover, a nomogram was constructed to predict prognosis more accurately and intuitively. GSEA analysis showed that SERPINH1 was involved in seven signaling pathways, including JAK-STAT pathway. Further analysis indicated SERPINH1 was significantly associated with immunity, especially in low-grade glioma. Additionally, an examination of scRNA-seq data revealed that SERPINH1 was primarily expressed in T cells of the CD4+ and CD8+ subsets. CONCLUSIONS SERPINH1 is a key biomarker of glioma prognosis and is immunologically relevant, which provides additional options for targeted therapy of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqiang Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Chuzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Chuzhou, Chuzhou, China
| | - Yinan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Chunjing Jin
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Affiliated Chuzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Chuzhou, Chuzhou, China
| | - Ning Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Chuzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Chuzhou, Chuzhou, China
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3
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Salvato I, Marchini A. Immunotherapeutic Strategies for the Treatment of Glioblastoma: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1276. [PMID: 38610954 PMCID: PMC11010873 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite decades of research and the best up-to-date treatments, grade 4 Glioblastoma (GBM) remains uniformly fatal with a patient median overall survival of less than 2 years. Recent advances in immunotherapy have reignited interest in utilizing immunological approaches to fight cancer. However, current immunotherapies have so far not met the anticipated expectations, achieving modest results in their journey from bench to bedside for the treatment of GBM. Understanding the intrinsic features of GBM is of crucial importance for the development of effective antitumoral strategies to improve patient life expectancy and conditions. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the distinctive characteristics of GBM that significantly influence current conventional therapies and immune-based approaches. Moreover, we present an overview of the immunotherapeutic strategies currently undergoing clinical evaluation for GBM treatment, with a specific emphasis on those advancing to phase 3 clinical studies. These encompass immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive T cell therapies, vaccination strategies (i.e., RNA-, DNA-, and peptide-based vaccines), and virus-based approaches. Finally, we explore novel innovative strategies and future prospects in the field of immunotherapy for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Salvato
- NORLUX Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), L-1210 Luxembourg, Luxembourg;
- Laboratory of Oncolytic Virus Immuno-Therapeutics (LOVIT), Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), L-1210 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine (FSTM), University of Luxembourg, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Antonio Marchini
- Laboratory of Oncolytic Virus Immuno-Therapeutics (LOVIT), Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), L-1210 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Laboratory of Oncolytic Virus Immuno-Therapeutics, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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4
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Lai Y, Lu X, Liao Y, Ouyang P, Wang H, Zhang X, Huang G, Qi S, Li Y. Crosstalk between glioblastoma and tumor microenvironment drives proneural-mesenchymal transition through ligand-receptor interactions. Genes Dis 2024; 11:874-889. [PMID: 37692522 PMCID: PMC10491977 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common intrinsic and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, with a median survival of approximately 15 months. GBM heterogeneity is considered responsible for the treatment resistance and unfavorable prognosis. Proneural-mesenchymal transition (PMT) represents GBM malignant progression and recurrence, which might be a breakthrough to understand GBM heterogeneity and overcome treatment resistance. PMT is a complicated process influenced by crosstalk between GBM and tumor microenvironment, depending on intricate ligand-receptor interactions. In this review, we summarize the autocrine and paracrine pathways in the GBM microenvironment and related ligand-receptor interactions inducing PMT. We also discuss the current therapies targeting the PMT-related autocrine and paracrine pathways. Together, this review offers a comprehensive understanding of the failure of GBM-targeted therapy and ideas for future tendencies of GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yancheng Lai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Brain Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
- Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Xiaole Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Brain Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
- Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Yankai Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Brain Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
- Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Pei Ouyang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Brain Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
- Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Hai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Brain Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
- Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Brain Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
- Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Guanglong Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Brain Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
- Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Songtao Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Brain Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
- Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Yaomin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Brain Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
- Laboratory for Precision Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
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5
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Sun L, Jiang Y, Tan H, Liang R. Collagen and derivatives-based materials as substrates for the establishment of glioblastoma organoids. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:128018. [PMID: 37967599 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a common primary brain malignancy known for its ability to invade the brain, resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, tendency to recur frequently, and unfavorable prognosis. Attempts have been undertaken to create 2D and 3D models, such as glioblastoma organoids (GBOs), to recapitulate the glioma microenvironment, explore tumor biology, and develop efficient therapies. However, these models have limitations and are unable to fully recapitulate the complex networks formed by the glioma microenvironment that promote tumor cell growth, invasion, treatment resistance, and immune escape. Therefore, it is necessary to develop advanced experimental models that could better simulate clinical physiology. Here, we review recent advances in natural biomaterials (mainly focus on collagen and its derivatives)-based GBO models, as in vitro experimental platforms to simulate GBM tumor biology and response to tested drugs. Special attention will be given to 3D models that use collagen, gelatin, further modified derivatives, and composite biomaterials (e.g., with other natural or synthetic polymers) as substrates. Application of these collagen/derivatives-constructed GBOs incorporate the physical as well as chemical characteristics of the GBM microenvironment. A perspective on future research is given in terms of current issues. Generally, natural materials based on collagen/derivatives (monomers or composites) are expected to enrich the toolbox of GBO modeling substrates and potentially help to overcome the limitations of existing models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Sun
- Department of Targeting Therapy & Immunology; Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuelin Jiang
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Hong Tan
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Ruichao Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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6
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ZHANG BIN, ZHAO JIANYI, WANG YONGZHI, XU HUA, GAO BO, ZHANG GUANGNING, HAN BIN, SONG GUOHONG, ZHANG JUNCHEN, MENG WEI. CHRM3 is a novel prognostic factor of poor prognosis and promotes glioblastoma progression via activation of oncogenic invasive growth factors. Oncol Res 2023; 31:917-927. [PMID: 37744266 PMCID: PMC10513942 DOI: 10.32604/or.2023.030425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive cancer of the brain and has a high mortality rate due to the lack of effective treatment strategy. Clarification of molecular mechanisms of GBM's characteristic invasive growth is urgently needed to improve the poor prognosis. Single-nuclear sequencing of primary and recurrent GBM samples revealed that levels of M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (CHRM3) were significantly higher in the recurrent samples than in the primary samples. Moreover, immunohistochemical staining of an array of GBM samples showed that high levels of CHRM3 correlated with poor prognosis, consistent with The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Knockdown of CHRM3 inhibited GBM cell growth and invasion. An assay of orthotopic GBM animal model in vivo indicated that inhibition of CHRM3 significantly suppressed GBM progression with prolonged survival time. Transcriptome analysis revealed that CHRM3 knockdown significantly reduced an array of classic factors involved in cancer invasive growth, including MMP1/MMP3/MMP10/MMP12 and CXCL1/CXCL5/CXCL8. Taken together, CHRM3 is a novel and vital factor of GBM progression via regulation of multiple oncogenic genes and may serve as a new biomarker for prognosis and therapy of GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- BIN ZHANG
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - JIANYI ZHAO
- Brain Injury Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - YONGZHI WANG
- Department of Neurosurgery, The City Peoples’ Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
| | - HUA XU
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - BO GAO
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - GUANGNING ZHANG
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - BIN HAN
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - GUOHONG SONG
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - JUNCHEN ZHANG
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - WEI MENG
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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7
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Linares CA, Varghese A, Ghose A, Shinde SD, Adeleke S, Sanchez E, Sheriff M, Chargari C, Rassy E, Boussios S. Hallmarks of the Tumour Microenvironment of Gliomas and Its Interaction with Emerging Immunotherapy Modalities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13215. [PMID: 37686020 PMCID: PMC10487469 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are aggressive, primary central nervous system tumours arising from glial cells. Glioblastomas are the most malignant. They are known for their poor prognosis or median overall survival. The current standard of care is overwhelmed by the heterogeneous, immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment promoting immune evasion and tumour proliferation. The advent of immunotherapy with its various modalities-immune checkpoint inhibitors, cancer vaccines, oncolytic viruses and chimeric antigen receptor T cells and NK cells-has shown promise. Clinical trials incorporating combination immunotherapies have overcome the microenvironment resistance and yielded promising survival and prognostic benefits. Rolling these new therapies out in the real-world scenario in a low-cost, high-throughput manner is the unmet need of the hour. These will have practice-changing implications to the glioma treatment landscape. Here, we review the immunobiological hallmarks of the TME of gliomas, how the TME evades immunotherapies and the work that is being conducted to overcome this interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian A. Linares
- Guy’s Cancer Centre, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (C.A.L.); (S.A.)
| | - Anjana Varghese
- Kent Oncology Centre, Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust, Hermitage Lane, Maidstone, Kent ME16 9QQ, UK;
| | - Aruni Ghose
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK; (A.G.); (E.S.); (M.S.)
- Barts Cancer Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London EC1A 7BE, UK
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust, Northwood HA6 2RN, UK
- Immuno-Oncology Clinical Network, UK
| | - Sayali D. Shinde
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK Barts Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK;
| | - Sola Adeleke
- Guy’s Cancer Centre, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (C.A.L.); (S.A.)
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Elisabet Sanchez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK; (A.G.); (E.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Matin Sheriff
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK; (A.G.); (E.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Cyrus Chargari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, 75013 Paris, France;
| | - Elie Rassy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France;
| | - Stergios Boussios
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK; (A.G.); (E.S.); (M.S.)
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK
- Kent and Medway Medical School, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7LX, UK
- AELIA Organization, 9th Km Thessaloniki–Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Expression profiling of inflammation-related genes including IFI-16, NOTCH2, CXCL8, THBS1 in COVID-19 patients. Biologicals 2022; 80:27-34. [PMID: 36153188 PMCID: PMC9468312 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to scrutinize the expression profile of inflammatory-related genes (IFI-16, NOTCH2, CXCL8, and THBS1) from acute to post-acute stage of this infectious epidemic. The current cross-sectional study consisted of 53 acute-phase COVID-19 patients and 53 healthy individuals between February and March 2021. The extraction of total RNA was performed from PBMC specimens and also expression level of selected genes (IFI-16, NOTCH2, CXCL8, and THBS1) was evaluated by real-time PCR. Subsequently, levels of these factors were re-measured six weeks after the acute phase to determine if the levels of chosen genes returned to normal after the acute phase of COVID-19. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to test potential of genes as a diagnostic biomarker. The expression levels of inflammatory-related genes were significantly different between healthy and COVID-19 subjects. Besides, a significant higher CXCL8 level was found in the acute-phase COVID-19 compared to post-acute-phase infection which may be able to be considered as a potential biomarker for distinguishing between the acute phases from the post-acute-phase status. Deregulation of the inflammatory-related genes in COVID-19 patients, especially CXCL-8, can be serving as potent biomarkers to manage the COVID-19 infection.
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Cheng J, Sun Y, He J, Wang Z, Li W, Wang R. The mechanism of colon tissue damage mediated by HIF-1α/NF-κB/STAT1 in high-altitude environment. Front Physiol 2022; 13:933659. [PMID: 36164339 PMCID: PMC9508275 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.933659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The high-altitude environment damages the intestinal mucosal barrier, leading to a high incidence of intestinal diseases and seriously affects the working ability of people at high altitude. However, how high altitude induces intestinal mucosal barrier injury has not been well defined. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of colonic tissue injury induced by the influence of the high-altitude environment on the colonic microenvironment. Forty-eight SPF C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into four groups: the control group and three other that were high-altitude exposure groups (Yushu, Qinghai; elevation: 4,010 m; 12 h, 24 h, 48 h). First, HE staining was used to observe the effect of the high-altitude environment on colon histomorphology of mice. The protein expression levels of claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1 were analyzed by molecular biological methods. We found that altitude caused inflammatory damage to colon tissue. Intestinal hypoxia was measured with the hypoxic probe pimonidazole (PMDZ). Interestingly, we observed a decrease in the concentration of oxygen in the microenvironment in the colonic lumen. We sought to explore the mechanism of colonic mucosal barrier damage at different times when entering high altitude. The expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factors: HIF-1α, STAT1, and NF-κB and of inflammatory factors: IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-6 were significantly increased. This work highlights that the high-altitude environment leads to a reduction in the concentration of oxygen in the microenvironment of the colonic lumen, which disrupts the colonic mucosal barrier and ultimately induces and exacerbates intestinal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfei Cheng
- Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- The Logistics Support Force of Chinese People’s Liberation Army Pharmacy Department, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yuemei Sun
- The Logistics Support Force of Chinese People’s Liberation Army Pharmacy Department, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jiaxin He
- Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- The Logistics Support Force of Chinese People’s Liberation Army Pharmacy Department, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- The Logistics Support Force of Chinese People’s Liberation Army Pharmacy Department, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- The Logistics Support Force of Chinese People’s Liberation Army Pharmacy Department, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- *Correspondence: Wenbin Li, Rong Wang,
| | - Rong Wang
- Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- The Logistics Support Force of Chinese People’s Liberation Army Pharmacy Department, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- *Correspondence: Wenbin Li, Rong Wang,
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10
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Gundamaraju R, Wu J, William JNG, Lu W, Jha NK, Ramasamy S, Rao PV. Ascendancy of unfolded protein response over glioblastoma: estimating progression, prognosis and survival. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2022; 39:143-165. [PMID: 35904341 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2022.2106002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is presented with a poor prognosis. The endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) has been implicated as a major contributor to disease progression and chemoresistance in GBM. Triggering ERS by chemical agents or genetic modulations is identified as some of the reasons for regulating gene expression and the pathogenesis of GBM. ERS initiates unfolded protein response (UPR), an integrated system useful in restoring homeostasis or inducing apoptosis. Modulation of UPR might have positive outcomes in GBM treatment as UPR inducers have been shown to alter cell survival and migration. In the current review, we have utilized GSE7806, a publicly available dataset from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), to evaluate the genes expressed during 6.5 hr and 18 hr, which can be comparable to the early and late-onset of the disease. Subsequently, we have elucidated the prognosis and survival information whilst the expression of these genes in the GBM was noted in previous studies. This is the first of its kind review summarizing the most recent gene information correlating UPR and GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Gundamaraju
- ER stress and Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Jian Wu
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jonahunnatha Nesson George William
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences (DSMOB), Ageing Research Center and Translational medicine-CeSI-MeT, "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Wenying Lu
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, UP, Indonesia
| | | | - Pasupuleti Visweswara Rao
- f Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India.,g Department of Biotechnology, School of applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India.,h Cardiac Hypertrophy Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.,i Department of Biomedical Sciences and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.,j Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Abdurrab University, Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia
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Codrici E, Popescu ID, Tanase C, Enciu AM. Friends with Benefits: Chemokines, Glioblastoma-Associated Microglia/Macrophages, and Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052509. [PMID: 35269652 PMCID: PMC8910233 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common primary intracranial tumor and has the greatest prevalence of all brain tumors. Treatment resistance and tumor recurrence in GBM are mostly explained by considerable alterations within the tumor microenvironment, as well as extraordinary cellular and molecular heterogeneity. Soluble factors, extracellular matrix components, tissue-resident cell types, resident or newly recruited immune cells together make up the GBM microenvironment. Regardless of many immune cells, a profound state of tumor immunosuppression is supported and developed, posing a considerable hurdle to cancer cells' immune-mediated destruction. Several studies have suggested that various GBM subtypes present different modifications in their microenvironment, although the importance of the microenvironment in treatment response has yet to be determined. Understanding the microenvironment and how it changes after therapies is critical because it can influence the remaining invasive GSCs and lead to recurrence. This review article sheds light on the various components of the GBM microenvironment and their roles in tumoral development, as well as immune-related biological processes that support the interconnection/interrelationship between different cell types. Also, we summarize the current understanding of the modulation of soluble factors and highlight the dysregulated inflammatory chemokine/specific receptors cascades/networks and their significance in tumorigenesis, cancer-related inflammation, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Codrici
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania;
- Correspondence: (E.C.); (I.-D.P.); (A.-M.E.)
| | - Ionela-Daniela Popescu
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania;
- Correspondence: (E.C.); (I.-D.P.); (A.-M.E.)
| | - Cristiana Tanase
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Enciu
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (E.C.); (I.-D.P.); (A.-M.E.)
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Guha A, Waris S, Nabors LB, Filippova N, Gorospe M, Kwan T, King PH. The versatile role of HuR in Glioblastoma and its potential as a therapeutic target for a multi-pronged attack. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 181:114082. [PMID: 34923029 PMCID: PMC8916685 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant and aggressive brain tumor with a median survival of ∼15 months. Resistance to treatment arises from the extensive cellular and molecular heterogeneity in the three major components: glioma tumor cells, glioma stem cells, and tumor-associated microglia and macrophages. Within this triad, there is a complex network of intrinsic and secreted factors that promote classic hallmarks of cancer, including angiogenesis, resistance to cell death, proliferation, and immune evasion. A regulatory node connecting these diverse pathways is at the posttranscriptional level as mRNAs encoding many of the key drivers contain adenine- and uridine rich elements (ARE) in the 3' untranslated region. Human antigen R (HuR) binds to ARE-bearing mRNAs and is a major positive regulator at this level. This review focuses on basic concepts of ARE-mediated RNA regulation and how targeting HuR with small molecule inhibitors represents a plausible strategy for a multi-pronged therapeutic attack on GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Guha
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Saboora Waris
- Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, PIMS, G-8, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Louis B Nabors
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Natalia Filippova
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | - Thaddaeus Kwan
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Peter H King
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States; Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.
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Xiao K, Zhao S, Yuan J, Pan Y, Song Y, Tang L. Construction of Molecular Subtypes and Related Prognostic and Immune Response Models Based on M2 Macrophages in Glioblastoma. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:913-926. [PMID: 35115817 PMCID: PMC8801375 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s343152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify the molecular subtypes of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) related to M2 macrophage-based prognostic genes, then to preliminarily explore their biological functions and construct immunotherapy response gene models. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used R language to analyze GBM microarray data, and other tools, including xCell and CIBERSORTx, to identify subtypes of GBM that related to M2 macrophages. The process started with the exploration of biological functions of the two subtypes by pathway analyses and GSEA, and continued with a combined procedure of constructing an M2 macrophage-related prognostic gene model and exploring the immune treatment response for GBM. RESULTS A high abundance of M2 macrophages in GBM was associated with poor prognosis. According to M2 macrophage-related prognostic genes, GBM was divided into two subtypes (cluster A and cluster B). The differential gene enrichment analysis of the two clusters showed that cluster A was less enriched in M2 macrophages and had immunopotential. The M2score, which was constructed based on M2 macrophage-related prognostic genes, was not only related to the survival and prognosis of patients with GBM, but also predictive of the effectiveness of immunotherapy in these patients. This result has been effectively verified in an external data set. CONCLUSION GBM was successfully divided into two subtypes according to M2-macrophage-related prognostic genes. In GBM, a high M2score may indicate better clinical outcome and enhancement of the immunotherapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shushan Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yimin Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lanhua Tang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
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The CBL-LSD1-CXCL8 axis regulates methionine metabolism in glioma. Cytokine 2022; 151:155789. [PMID: 34998158 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas are the most frequent type of brain tumors, with a high mortality rate and a lack of efficient targeted therapy. Methionine is an essential amino acid, and restriction of methionine in the diet has been found to prevent metabolic diseases and aging, inhibit cancer growth and improve cancer treatment. However, mechanisms of action by which methionine metabolism affects gliomas remain largely unclear. The present study found that methionine starvation of glioma cells significantly increased the expression of CXCL8. Mechanistically, E3 ubiquitin ligase was found to mediate the ubiquitinated degradation of the histone demethylase LSD1 via CBL, reducing LSD1 protein stability and, enhancing H3K4me1 modification of the CXCL8 gene. CXCL8 was found to be involved in regulating the reprogramming of glycerophospholipid metabolism, enabling it to respond to a methionine-deprived environment. CXCL8 expression was significantly higher in glioma than in normal brain tissue samples, with elevated CXCL8 being associated with poor prognosis. In summary, CBL-mediated degradation of LSD1 acts as an anti-braking system and serves as a quick adaptive mechanism for re-remodeling epigenetic modifications. This, in turn, promotes cell proliferation, even in a methionine-restricted environment. Taken together, these findings indicate that the CBL/LSD1/CXCL8 axis is a novel mechanistic connection linking between methionine metabolism, histone methylation and glycerophospholipid reprogramming in the tumor microenvironment.
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Najafi S, Esmaeili S, Zhaleh H, Rahmati Y. The role of IDH1 mutation on gene expression in glioblastoma. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2021.100812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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16
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Sørensen MD, Kristensen BW. TUMOUR-ASSOCIATED CD204+ MICROGLIA/MACROPHAGES ACCUMULATE IN PERIVASCULAR AND PERINECROTIC NICHES AND CORRELATE WITH AN INTERLEUKIN-6 ENRICHED INFLAMMATORY PROFILE IN GLIOBLASTOMA. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2021; 48:e12772. [PMID: 34713474 PMCID: PMC9306597 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mia Dahl Sørensen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Bjarne Winther Kristensen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Evaluation of Comprehensive Gene Expression and NK Cell-Mediated Killing in Glioblastoma Cell Line-Derived Spheroids. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194896. [PMID: 34638384 PMCID: PMC8508082 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Despite standard treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, it is associated with poor survival. Immunotherapy is a promising alternative for patients with GBM. Natural killer (NK) cells are possible promising targets in GBM treatment because of their potent cytotoxic effect. We previously reported that highly activated and ex vivo-expanded NK cells, or genuine induced NK cells (GiNK), exert a greatly cytotoxic effect on GBM cells. In this study, we investigated the potential of NK cell-based immunotherapy for GBM, which we evaluated using an ex vivo three-dimensional GBM cell-derived spheroid model. Our results indicated that the NK cells had an anti-tumor effect on the spheroid models. Our findings could lead to the development of future NK cell-based immunotherapies for GBM. Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor, with a dismal prognosis. Natural killer (NK) cells are large granular lymphocytes with natural cytotoxicity against tumor cells, and they should be established for the novel treatment of patients with GBM. We previously reported highly activated, and ex vivo-expanded NK cells derived from human peripheral blood, designated genuine induced NK cells (GiNK), which were induced by specific culture conditions and which exerted a cytotoxic effect on GBM cells via apoptosis. Here, we comprehensively summarize the molecular characteristics, especially focusing on the expression of stem cell markers, extracellular matrix markers, chemokines, chemokine receptors, and NK receptor ligands of spheroids derived from GBM cell lines as compared with that of two-dimensional (2D) adherent GBM cells via microarray. The spheroid had upregulated gene expression of stem cell markers, extracellular matrix markers, chemokines, chemokine receptors, and NK cell inhibitory receptor ligands compared with the 2D adherent GBM cells. Preclinical evaluation of the NK cells was performed via an ex vivo 3D spheroid model derived from GBM cell lines. In the model, the NK cells accumulated and infiltrated around the spheroids and induced GBM cell death. Flow cytometry-based apoptosis detection clearly showed that the NK cells induced GBM cell death via apoptosis. Our findings could provide pivotal information for NK cell-based immunotherapy for patients with GBM.
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The Interplay between Glioblastoma and Its Microenvironment. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092257. [PMID: 34571905 PMCID: PMC8469987 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
GBM is the most common primary brain tumor in adults, and the aggressive nature of this tumor contributes to its extremely poor prognosis. Over the years, the heterogeneous and adaptive nature of GBM has been highlighted as a major contributor to the poor efficacy of many treatments including various immunotherapies. The major challenge lies in understanding and manipulating the complex interplay among the different components within the tumor microenvironment (TME). This interplay varies not only by the type of cells interacting but also by their spatial distribution with the TME. This review highlights the various immune and non-immune components of the tumor microenvironment and their consequences f the efficacy of immunotherapies. Understanding the independent and interdependent aspects of the various sub-populations encapsulated by the immune and non-immune components will allow for more targeted therapies. Meanwhile, understanding how the TME creates and responds to different environmental pressures such as hypoxia may allow for other multimodal approaches in the treatment of GBM. Ultimately, a better understanding of the GBM TME will aid in the development and advancement of more effective treatments and in improving patient outcomes.
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19
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Yan W, Jin H, Zhang X, Long S, Xia Q, Meng D, Ding B, Li D, Ma J, Cao J, Wang S. Identification of an immune signature to predict poor clinical outcome in cervical cancer. Epigenomics 2021; 13:891-907. [PMID: 33955785 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2020-0437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To explore tumor immune microenvironment and identify immune prognostic-related circRNAs in cervical cancer. Materials & methods: RNA-seq in combination with bioinformatics were performed to establish a prognostic risk model and a circRNAs-miRNAs-CXCL8 network. Results: High-risk group correlated with poor survival outcome, and had lower PD-1 immunogenicity. Additionally, CXCL8 could distinguish normal tissue, low- and high-risk tumor tissues, the expression of which showed an increasing trend among the three groups. RNA-seq and bioinformatics indicated that circRNAs like hsa_circ_0025721 might upregulate CXCL8 through sponging miRNAs including hsa-miR-4428. Conclusion: We constructed an immune risk model related with CD8 T cells to predict the cervical cancer patients' prognosis and explored the abnormal expression mechanism of CXCL8 through the ceRNA mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University (Nantong Tumor Hospital), Nantong, 226361, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Sigui Long
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qianqian Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Dan Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Bo Ding
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Dake Li
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Jingru Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jian Cao
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Shizhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
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20
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Ou A, Ott M, Fang D, Heimberger AB. The Role and Therapeutic Targeting of JAK/STAT Signaling in Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:437. [PMID: 33498872 PMCID: PMC7865703 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma remains one of the deadliest and treatment-refractory human malignancies in large part due to its diffusely infiltrative nature, molecular heterogeneity, and capacity for immune escape. The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway contributes substantively to a wide variety of protumorigenic functions, including proliferation, anti-apoptosis, angiogenesis, stem cell maintenance, and immune suppression. We review the current state of knowledge regarding the biological role of JAK/STAT signaling in glioblastoma, therapeutic strategies, and future directions for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ou
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Martina Ott
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.O.); (D.F.)
| | - Dexing Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.O.); (D.F.)
| | - Amy B. Heimberger
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.O.); (D.F.)
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21
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Xu B. Prediction and analysis of hub genes between glioblastoma and low-grade glioma using bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e23513. [PMID: 33545929 PMCID: PMC7837950 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Gliomas are an intractable tumor in the central nervous system. The present study aimed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and low-grade gliomas (LGG) in order to investigate the mechanisms of different grades of gliomas. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to identify DEGs between GBM and LGG, and 2641 genes have been found differentially expressed. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were used to determine the related functions and pathways of DEGs. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network extracted a total of 444 nodes and 1953 interactions, and identified the top 6 hub genes in gliomas. The microarray data of the datasets GSE52009 and GSE4412, which were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, were used to externally validate DEGs expression levels. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database which was based on TCGA was used to explore the survival of hub genes in LGG and GBM. Additionally, the Oncomine database and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database were used to validate the mRNA expression level and prognostic value of hub genes. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) identified further hub genes-related pathways. In summary, through biological information and survival analysis, 6 hub genes may be new biomarkers for diagnosis and for guiding the choice of treatment strategies for different grades of gliomas.
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Li J, Liao T, Liu H, Yuan H, Ouyang T, Wang J, Chai S, Li J, Chen J, Li X, Zhao H, Xiong N. Hypoxic Glioma Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Containing Linc01060 Promote Progression of Glioma by Regulating the MZF1/c-Myc/HIF1α Axis. Cancer Res 2020; 81:114-128. [PMID: 33158815 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-2270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Glioma stem cells (GSC) are a subpopulation of tumor cells with special abilities to proliferate and differentiate in gliomas. They are one of the main causes of tumor recurrence, especially under hypoxic conditions. Although long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) are known to be involved in numerous biological processes and are implied in the occurrence of certain diseases, their role in tumor development and progression remains poorly understood. Here we explored the mechanisms by which lncRNA derived from hypoxic GSCs (H-GSC) cause glioma progression. Isolation and identification of the Linc01060 gene, the exosomes containing them, and the proteins from tumor cells regulating the gene allowed for studying the effects of Linc01060 on proliferation and glycometabolism. H-GSC exerted their effects by transferring exosomes to glioma cells, resulting in a significant increase in Linc01060 levels. Mechanistically, Linc01060 directly interacted with the transcription factor myeloid zinc finger 1 (MZF1) and enhanced its stability. Linc01060 facilitated nuclear translocation of MZF1 and promoted MZF1-mediated c-Myc transcriptional activities. In addition, c-Myc enhanced the accumulation of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF1α) at the posttranscriptional level. HIF1α bound the hormone response elements of the Linc01060 promoter, upregulating the transcription of Linc01060 gene. Clinically, Linc01060 was upregulated in glioma and was significantly correlated with tumor grade and poor clinical prognosis. Overall, these data show that secretion of Linc01060-containing exosomes from H-GSCs activates prooncogenic signaling pathways in glioma cells to promote disease progression. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings suggest that inhibition of Linc01060-containing exosomes or targeting the Linc01060/MZF1/c-Myc/HIF1α axis may be an effective therapeutic strategy in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Hongya Liu
- Wuhan Cell Learning Technology Co. Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Hongliang Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Taohui Ouyang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Jiajing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Songshan Chai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Jinsong Li
- Department of Thoracic surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jingchao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongyang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Nanxiang Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Groblewska M, Litman-Zawadzka A, Mroczko B. The Role of Selected Chemokines and Their Receptors in the Development of Gliomas. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103704. [PMID: 32456359 PMCID: PMC7279280 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Among heterogeneous primary tumors of the central nervous system (CNS), gliomas are the most frequent type, with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) characterized with the worst prognosis. In their development, certain chemokine/receptor axes play important roles and promote proliferation, survival, metastasis, and neoangiogenesis. However, little is known about the significance of atypical receptors for chemokines (ACKRs) in these tumors. The objective of the study was to present the role of chemokines and their conventional and atypical receptors in CNS tumors. Therefore, we performed a thorough search for literature concerning our investigation via the PubMed database. We describe biological functions of chemokines/chemokine receptors from various groups and their significance in carcinogenesis, cancer-related inflammation, neo-angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. Furthermore, we discuss the role of chemokines in glioma development, with particular regard to their function in the transition from low-grade to high-grade tumors and angiogenic switch. We also depict various chemokine/receptor axes, such as CXCL8-CXCR1/2, CXCL12-CXCR4, CXCL16-CXCR6, CX3CL1-CX3CR1, CCL2-CCR2, and CCL5-CCR5 of special importance in gliomas, as well as atypical chemokine receptors ACKR1-4, CCRL2, and PITPMN3. Additionally, the diagnostic significance and usefulness of the measurement of some chemokines and their receptors in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of glioma patients is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Groblewska
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital in Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Ala Litman-Zawadzka
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital in Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland;
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-85-831-8785
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