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Zu GX, Sun KY, Liu XJ, Tang JQ, Huang HL, Han T. Banxia xiexin decoction prevents the development of gastric cancer. World J Clin Oncol 2024; 15:1293-1308. [DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v15.i10.1293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In China banxia xiexin decoction (BXD) has been used in treating gastric cancer (GC) for thousands of years and BXD has a good role in reversing GC histopathology, but its chemical composition and action mechanism are still unknown.
AIM To investigate the mechanism of action of BXD against GC based on transcriptomics, network pharmacology, in vivo and in vitro experiments.
METHODS The transplanted tumor model was prepared, and the nude mouse were pathologically examined after administration, and hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed. The active ingredients of BXD were quality controlled and identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole electrostatic field orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS/MS), and traditional Chinese medicines systems pharmacology platform, drug bank and the Swiss target prediction platform to predict the relevant targets, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of GC were screened by RNA-seq sequencing, and the overlapping targets were analyzed to obtain the key targets and pathways. Cell Counting Kit-8, apoptosis assay, cell migration and Realtime fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used for in vitro experiments.
RESULTS All dosing groups inhibited the growth of transplanted tumors in laboratory-bred strain nude, with the capecitabine group and the BXD medium-dose group being the best. A total of 29 compounds and 859 potential targets in BXD were identified by UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS/MS and network pharmacology, RNA-seq sequencing found 4767 GC DEGs, which were combined with network pharmacology and analyzed 246 potential therapeutic targets were obtained and pathway results showed that BXD may against GC through the Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKt) signaling pathway. In vitro cellular experiments confirmed that BXD-containing serum and LY294002 could inhibit the proliferation of GC cells, promote apoptosis, and inhibit the migration of GC cells by decreasing the expression of EGFR, PIK3CA, IL6, BCL2 and AKT1 in the PI3K-Akt pathway in MGC-803 expression.
CONCLUSION BXD has the effect of inhibiting tumor growth rate and delaying the development of GC. Its mechanism of action may be related to the regulation of PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Xiu Zu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ke-Yun Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xi-Jian Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ji-Qin Tang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hai-Liang Huang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tao Han
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
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Micucci M, Xiang BZ, Ting CM, Kwan HY, Mari M, Retini M, Burattini S, Osman R, Okeke UJ, Abdullah FO, Gianfanti F, Battistelli M. Matching traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine-based research: Advanced nutraceutical development for proactive gastric cancer prevention. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:3798-3819. [PMID: 39350981 PMCID: PMC11438774 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i9.3798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC), the third leading cause of cancer-related death globally, is complex and heterogeneous. This review explores multidisciplinary investigations of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) combined with Western medical practices, emphasizing the development of nutraceuticals for cancer prevention. Using advanced analytical chemistry and food chemistry techniques, this study investigated how TCM components may be optimized for nutraceutical development. Focusing on molecular interactions with GC pathways, particularly the NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, we examined the effects of TCM polyherbal formulas, extracts, and isolated compounds. These agents modulate apoptosis and cellular proliferation, underscoring their potential in preventive strategies. The convergence of nutraceutical and medicine food homology studies highlights a significant shift towards integrating TCM-derived compounds in a preventive health framework. This approach aims not only to enhance efficacy and reduce side effects but also to champion a preventive paradigm using personalized medicine to advance proactive health maintenance and disease prevention. The combination of TCM and western medical practices offers promising avenues for future research and practical applications in GC prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Micucci
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino 61029, Italy
| | - Bian-Zhao Xiang
- Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, Chinese EQUATOR Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Chen-Min Ting
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hiu-Yee Kwan
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Michele Mari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino 61029, Italy
| | - Michele Retini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino 61029, Italy
| | - Sabrina Burattini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino 61029, Italy
| | - Riham Osman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino 61029, Italy
| | - Udodinma Jude Okeke
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino 61029, Italy
| | - Fuad Othman Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Federico Gianfanti
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona CH6500, Switzerland
- Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano CH6900, Switzerland
| | - Michela Battistelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino 61029, Italy
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Jiang Y, Huang Y, Hu Y, Yang Y, You F, Hu Q, Li X, Zhao Z. Banxia Xiexin Decoction delays colitis-to-cancer transition by inhibiting E-cadherin/β-catenin pathway via Fusobacterium nucleatum FadA. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:117932. [PMID: 38382652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Colitis is an important risk factor for the occurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC), and the colonization of Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) in the intestines accelerates this transformation process. Banxia Xiexin Decoction (BXD), originating from Shanghanlun, is a classic prescription for treating gastrointestinal diseases. Current researches indicate that BXD can effectively delay the colitis-to-cancer transition, but it is still unclear whether it can inhibit Fn colonization to achieve this delaying effect. AIM OF STUDY This study explored the effect and mechanism of BXD in inhibiting Fn intestinal colonization to delay colitis-to-cancer transition. MATERIALS AND METHODS We constructed a mouse model of colitis-to-cancer transition by regularly gavaging Fn combined with azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), and administered BXD by gavage. We monitored the body weight of mice, measured the length and weight of their colons, and calculated the disease activity index (DAI) score. The growth status of colon tumors was observed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and the changes in gut microbiota in each group of mice were detected by 16S rDNA analysis. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin in colon tissues, and immunofluorescence was used to observe the infiltration of M2 macrophages in colon tissues. In cell experiments, we established a co-culture model of Fn and colon cancer cells and intervened with BXD-containing serum. Malignant behaviors such as cell proliferation, invasion, and migration were detected, as well as changes in their cell cycle. We examined the protein levels of E-cadherin, β-catenin, Axin2, and Cyclin D1 in each group were detected by Western blot. We used US1 strain (fadA-) as a control and observed the effects of BXD-containing serum on Fn attachment and invasion of colon cancer cells through attachment and invasion experiments. RESULTS BXD can inhibit the colitis-to-cancer transition in mice infected with Fn, reduce crypt structure damage, improve gut microbiota dysbiosis, upregulate E-cadherin and decrease β-catenin expression, and reduce infiltration of M2 macrophages, thus inhibiting the process of colitis-to-cancer transition. Cell experiments revealed that BXD-containing serum can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of colon cancer cells infected with Fn and regulate their cell cycle. More importantly, we found that BXD-containing serum can inhibit the binding of Fn's FadA adhesin to E-cadherin, reduce Fn's attachment and invasion of colon cancer cells, thereby downregulating the E-cadherin/β-catenin signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that BXD can inhibit Fn colonization by interfering with the binding of FadA to E-cadherin, reducing the activation of the E-cadherin/β-catenin signaling pathway, and ultimately delaying colitis-to-cancer transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Jiang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Yuqing Huang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Yane Hu
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Yi Yang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Fengming You
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, PR China; Cancer Institute, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Qiongying Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, PR China.
| | - Xueke Li
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, PR China.
| | - Ziyi Zhao
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, PR China.
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Zou Y, Wang Y, Zhou W, Pei J. Banxia Xiexin decoction combined with 5-ASA protects against CPT-11-induced intestinal dysfunction in rats via inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1208. [PMID: 38860759 PMCID: PMC11165681 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Banxia Xiexin decoction (BXD) can control irinotecan (CPT-11)-caused delayed diarrhea, but the corresponding mechanism remains undefined. AIMS This paper aimed to uncover the mechanism of BXD in regulating CPT-11-caused delayed diarrhea. MATERIALS & METHODS Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were assigned into the control, model, BXD low-dose (BXD-L, 5 g/kg), BXD medium-dose (BXD-M, 10 g/kg), BXD high-dose (BXD-H, 15 g/kg), 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA, 10 mL/kg), and BXD-M + 5-ASA groups. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with 150 mg/kg CPT-11 at Day 4 and Day 5 to induce delayed diarrhea, and later treated with various doses (low, medium, and high) of BXD and 5-ASA for 9 days, except for rats in control group. The body weight of rats was measured. The rat colon tissue injury, inflammatory cytokine levels, and the activation of toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κB (TLR4/NF-κB) signaling pathway were detected. RESULTS BXD (5, 10, or 15 g/kg) or 5-ASA (10 mL/kg) alleviated body weight loss and colon tissue injury, decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines, and inactivated TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in CPT-11-induced model rats. BXD at 10 g/kg (the optimal concentration) could better treat CPT-11-induced intestinal dysfunction, as evidenced by the resulting approximately 50% reduction on injury score of model rats. Moreover, BXD-M (10 g/kg) synergistic with 5-ASA (10 mL/kg) further strengthened the inhibition on rat body weight loss, colon tissue injury, inflammatory cytokine levels, and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. CONCLUSION To sum up, BXD has a protective effect against CPT-11-induced intestinal dysfunction by inhibiting inflammation through inactivation TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. In particular, the combined use of BXD and 5-ASA holds great promise for treating CPT-11-induced delayed diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zou
- Department of GastroenterologyXiaoshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Yakun Wang
- Department of Critical Care MedicineHangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Wenying Zhou
- Department of GastroenterologyXiaoshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Jingbo Pei
- Department of GastroenterologyXiaoshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineHangzhouChina
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Li Y, Li L, Wang X, Huang H, Han T. Determining the Mechanism of Banxia Xiexin Decoction for Gastric Cancer Treatment through Network Analysis and Experimental Validation. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:10119-10131. [PMID: 38463316 PMCID: PMC10918669 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a widespread malignancy. Banxia Xiexin decoction (BXD) has been used for GC treatment, but the specific mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain controversial. This study used a comprehensive approach to network pharmacology combined with experimental validation to elucidate the mechanism of BXD's anti-GC effects. Initially, we used the UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS/MS technology to identify the main chemical constituents of BXD, as well as potential targets associated with these constituents. Then, we employed the Genecard and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) to determine the targets specifically related to GC. We employed a combination of Gene Ontology (GO), the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway, and protein-protein interaction analysis to predict the crucial targets of BXD and uncover the pathways involved in its therapeutic effects against GC. The results were subsequently verified through cell experiments. The analysis revealed 174 common targets shared by BXD and GC. GO enrichment analysis highlighted biological processes, such as autophagy, protein kinase activity, and apoptosis. Moreover, the enrichment analysis revealed several significant pathways that serve as the primary mechanisms by which BXD exerts its effects. Notably, these pathways include PI3K-Akt, HIF-1, and Pathways in cancer. Subsequent in vitro experiments demonstrated that BXD effectively hindered GC cell proliferation, stimulated autophagy, and facilitated apoptosis by PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway regulation. These findings reveal the effectiveness of BXD against GC through diverse components, targets, and pathways, indicating that BXD holds potential therapeutic value in GC treatment. This study uncovers the intricate biological mechanisms that underlie BXD's efficacy in treating GC through the integration of network pharmacology analysis and rigorous in vitro experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxing Li
- Pharmacology
of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulas, College of Traditional Chinese
Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China
| | - Ling Li
- Pharmacology
of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulas, College of Traditional Chinese
Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Pharmacology
of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulas, College of Traditional Chinese
Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China
| | - Hailiang Huang
- Rehabilitation
Medicine and Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China
| | - Tao Han
- Pharmacology
of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulas, College of Traditional Chinese
Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China
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Dai X, Yu Y, Zou C, Pan B, Wang H, Wang S, Wang X, Wang C, Liu D, Liu Y. Traditional Banxia Xiexin decoction inhibits invasion, metastasis, and epithelial mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer by reducing lncRNA TUC338 expression. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21064. [PMID: 37964840 PMCID: PMC10641127 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Banxia Xiexin decoction (BXD) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula clinically used to treat chronic gastritis, gastric ulcers, gastric cancer, and many other gastrointestinal diseases. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play an important role in maintaining the malignant phenotype of tumors. However, no relevant studies have shown whether Banxia Xiexin decoction regulates and controls lncRNA TUC338, and the effect of TUC338 on the regulation of gastric cancer invasion and metastasis remains unclear. Purpose To investigate the ability of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Banxia Xiexin decoction (BXD) to inhibit the migration and invasion of human gastric cancer AGS cells by regulating the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) TUC338. Methods UHPLC‒MS/MS was used to analyze the chemical components of BXD. MTT was performed to determine the effects of BXD on the proliferation of AGS cells. qRT‒PCR was used to determine the expression of lncRNA TUC338 in gastric cancer tissues, paracarcinoma tissues, AGS human gastric cancer cells and GES-1 normal gastric mucosa cells and to evaluate the effects of BXD on the expression of lncRNA TUC338 in AGS cells. Lentiviral transfection was used to establish human gastric cancer AGS cells with knocked down lncRNA TUC338 expression. The effects of lncRNA TUC338 knockdown on the migration and invasion of AGS cells were observed by a scratch assay and Transwell migration assay, respectively. Western blotting was performed to analyze the effects of lncRNA TUC338 knockdown on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in AGS cells. We performed quality control on three batches of BXD. We used UHPLC‒MS/MS to control the quality of three random batches of BXD used throughout the study. Results Ninety-five chemical components were identified from the water extract of BXD, some of which have anticancer effects. The expression of TUC.338 in gastric cancer tissues was higher than that in para-carcinoma tissues. BXD inhibited the invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells by inhibiting the expression of lncRNA TUC338, which reduced EMT. After knockdown of lncRNA TUC338, the migration and invasion of AGS cells were reduced; the expression of the EMT-related protein E-cadherin was increased, and the expression of N-cadherin and vimentin was reduced. Conclusions The present results suggest that BXD has potential as an effective treatment for gastric cancer through the inhibition of lncRNA TUC338 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Dai
- Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou University, 577 Wenchang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225002, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Yangzhou, 577 Wenchang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225002, China
- Medical School, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Yanwei Yu
- Medical School, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Chen Zou
- Medical School, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Medical School, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Medical School, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou University, 577 Wenchang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Medical School, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Chenghai Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, 368 Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Dongmei Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Road, Yangzhou, 225002, China
- Jianghai Polytechnic College, 5 Yangzijiang South Road, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou University, 577 Wenchang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225002, China
- Medical School, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
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Zhou Z, An R, You L, Liang K, Wang X. Banxia Xiexin decoction: A review on phytochemical, pharmacological, clinical and pharmacokinetic investigations. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34891. [PMID: 37657053 PMCID: PMC10476818 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Banxia Xiexin decoction (BXD), a famous traditional Chinese prescription constituted by Pinelliae Rhizoma, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Scutellariae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Jujubae Fructus and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Mell, has notable characteristics of acrid-opening, bitter down-bearing and sweet-tonification, interfering with tumors, gastrointestinal diseases, central nervous system diseases and much more. Based on the wide clinical applications, current investigations of BXD focused on several aspects: chemical analysis to explore the underlying substrates responsible for the therapeutic effects; basic studies on pharmacological actions of the whole prescription or of those representative ingredients to demonstrate the intriguing molecular targets for specific pathological processes; pharmacokinetic feature studies of single or all components of BXD to reveal the chemical basis and synergistic actions contributing to the pharmacological and clinically therapeutic effects. In this review, we summarized the main achievements of phytochemical, pharmacological, clinical and pharmacokinetic profiles of BXD and its herbal or pharmacologically active chemicals, as well as discussions of our understanding which further reveals the significance of BXD clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Zhou
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui An
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisha You
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Liang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinhong Wang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Han L, Li T, Wang Y, Lai W, Zhou H, Niu Z, Su J, Lv G, Zhang G, Gao J, Huang J, Lou Z. Weierning, a Chinese patent medicine, improves chronic atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 309:116345. [PMID: 36906155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Weierning tablet (WEN) is a traditional Chinese patent medicine widely used in clinical for chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) therapy for years. However, the underlying mechanisms of WEN on anti-CAG are still unveiled. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to elucidate the characteristic function of WEN on anti-CAG and to illuminate its potential mechanism. METHODS The CAG model was established by gavage rats with a modeling solution (consisting of 2% sodium salicylate and 30% alcohol) with irregular diets and free access to 0.1% ammonia solution for two months on end. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the serum levels of gastrin, pepsinogen, and inflammatory cytokines. qRT-PCR was applied to measure mRNA expressions of IL-6, IL-18, IL-10, TNF-α, and γ-IFN in gastric tissue. Pathological changes and the ultrastructure of gastric mucosa were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. AB-PAS staining was applied to observe the intestinal metaplasia of gastric mucosa. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to measure the expression levels of mitochondria apoptosis-related proteins and Hedgehog pathway-related proteins in gastric tissues. Expressions of Cdx2 and Muc2 protein were determined by immunofluorescent staining. RESULTS WEN could dose-dependently lower the serum level of IL-1β and the mRNA expressions of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, and γ-IFN in gastric tissue. Also, WEN significantly alleviated the collagen deposition in gastric submucosa, regulated the expressions of Bax, Cleaved-caspase9, Bcl2, and Cytochrome c to reduce the apoptosis of gastric mucosa epithelial cells, and maintained the integrity of the gastric mucosal barrier. Moreover, WEN could reduce protein expressions of Cdx2, Muc2, Shh, Gli1, and Smo, and reverse intestinal metaplasia of gastric mucosa to block the progress of CAG. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated a positive effect of WEN on improving CAG and reverse intestinal metaplasia. These functions were related to the suppression of gastric mucosal cells' apoptosis and the inhibition of Hedgehog pathways' activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Ting Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Weizi Lai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Hengpu Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Zhuangwei Niu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jie Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Guiyuan Lv
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Guangji Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jianli Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Jianbo Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Zhaohuan Lou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Anticancer natural products targeting immune checkpoint protein network. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:1008-1032. [PMID: 34838956 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Normal cells express surface proteins that bind to immune checkpoint proteins on immune cells to turn them off, whereby the immune system does not attack normal healthy cells. Cancer cells can also utilize this same protective mechanism by expressing surface proteins that can interact with checkpoint proteins on immune cells to overcome the immune surveillance. Immunotherapy is making the best use of the body's own immune system to reinforce anti-tumor responses. The most generally used immunotherapy is the control of immune checkpoints including the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated molecule 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell deathreceptor 1 (PD-1), or programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1). In spite of the clinical effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors, the overall response rate still remains low. Therefore, there have been considerable efforts in searching for alternative immune checkpoint proteins that may work as new therapeutic targets for treatment of cancer. Recent studies have identified several additional novel immune checkpoint targets, including lymphocyte activation gene-3, T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3, T cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif domain, V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation, B7 homolog 3 protein, B and T cell lymphocyte attenuator, and inducible T cell COStimulator. Natural compounds, especially those present in medicinal or dietary plants, have been investigated for their anti-tumor effects in various in vitro and in vivo models. Some phytochemicals exert anti-tumor activities based on immunoregulatioby blocking interaction between proteins involved in immune checkpoint signal transduction or regulating their expression/activity. Recently, synergistic anti-cancer effects of diverse phytochemicals with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 or anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody drugs have been continuously reported. Considering an increasing attention to noteworthy therapeutic effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the cancer therapy, this review focuses on regulatory effects of selected phytochemicals on immune checkpoint protein network and their combinational effectiveness with immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting tumor cells.
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Chen L, Ren LQ, Liu Z, Liu X, Tu H, Huang XY. Bio-informatics and in Vitro Experiments Reveal the Mechanism of Schisandrin A Against MDA-MB-231 cells. Bioengineered 2021; 12:7678-7693. [PMID: 34550868 PMCID: PMC8806699 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1982307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Schisandrin A (SchA) has been reported to have good anti-cancer effects. However, its anti-cancer mechanism in breast cancer remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of SchA in breast cancer treatment using bio-informatics analysis and in vitro experiments. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), Gene Cards, and PharmMapper databases were used to screen the candidate targets of SchA against MDA-MB-231 cells selected as the tested cell line through MTT analysis. The functions and pathways of the targets were identified using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis and further analyzed using DAVID 6.8.1 database. Network pharmacology analysis revealed 77 candidate targets, 31 signal pathways, and 208 GO entries (P < 0.05). The targets regulated serine-type endopeptidase and protein tyrosine kinase activities, thereby promoting the migration and inhibiting the apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells. Comprehensive analysis of the ‘Protein–Protein Interaction’ (PPI) and ‘Component-Targets-Pathways’ (C-T-P) networks constructed using Cytoscape 3.7.1 software revealed four core targets: EGFR, PIK3R1, MMP9 and Caspase 3. Their docking scores with SchA were subsequently investigated through molecular docking. The wound healing, Hoechst 33342/PI, and western blot assays confirmed that SchA significantly down-regulated EGFR, PIK3R1, and MMP9, but up-regulated cleaved-caspase 3, thus inhibiting the migration and promoting the apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells. Reckoning the findings of the study, SchA is a potential adjuvant treatment for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chen
- Medical Department, Wuhan Fourth Hospital; Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Li-Quan Ren
- Medical Department, Wuhan Fourth Hospital; Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zhong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Fourth Hospital; Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Fourth Hospital; Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Han Tu
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Fourth Hospital; Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xu-Ying Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Fourth Hospital; Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
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