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Page A, Chuvin N, Valladeau-Guilemond J, Depil S. Development of NK cell-based cancer immunotherapies through receptor engineering. Cell Mol Immunol 2024; 21:315-331. [PMID: 38443448 PMCID: PMC10978891 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-024-01145-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapies are attracting increasing interest in the field of cancer treatment. Early clinical trials have shown promising outcomes, alongside satisfactory product efficacy and safety. Recent developments have greatly increased the therapeutic potential of NK cells by endowing them with enhanced recognition and cytotoxic capacities. This review focuses on surface receptor engineering in NK cell therapy and discusses its impact, challenges, and future directions.Most approaches are based on engineering with chimeric antigen receptors to allow NK cells to target specific tumor antigens independent of human leukocyte antigen restriction. This approach has increased the precision and potency of NK-mediated recognition and elimination of cancer cells. In addition, engineering NK cells with T-cell receptors also mediates the recognition of intracellular epitopes, which broadens the range of target peptides. Indirect tumor peptide recognition by NK cells has also been improved by optimizing immunoglobulin constant fragment receptor expression and signaling. Indeed, engineered NK cells have an improved ability to recognize and destroy target cells coated with specific antibodies, thereby increasing their antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. The ability of NK cell receptor engineering to promote the expansion, persistence, and infiltration of transferred cells in the tumor microenvironment has also been explored. Receptor-based strategies for sustained NK cell functionality within the tumor environment have also been discussed, and these strategies providing perspectives to counteract tumor-induced immunosuppression.Overall, receptor engineering has led to significant advances in NK cell-based cancer immunotherapies. As technical challenges are addressed, these innovative treatments will likely reshape cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Page
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, UMR INSERM U1052 CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
| | | | - Jenny Valladeau-Guilemond
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, UMR INSERM U1052 CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Stéphane Depil
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, UMR INSERM U1052 CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
- ErVimmune, Lyon, France.
- Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
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PD-L1/PD-1 blockage enhanced the cytotoxicity of natural killer cell on the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by granzyme B secretion. Clin Transl Oncol 2023:10.1007/s12094-023-03120-w. [PMID: 36856921 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03120-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the role of PD-L1/PD-1 blockage in the cytotoxicity of natural killer cell in NSCLC. METHODS Two NSCLC cell lines, Calu-1 and H460, were tested for susceptibility to the cytolytic activity of freshly isolated healthy donor NK cells by a non-radioactive cellular cytotoxicity assay kit. Western blot analysis, FACS, ELISA and antibody blockage experiments were conducted to determine the mechanisms. NK cells isolated from NSCLC patients were also collected for functional assays. RESULTS Calu-1 and H460 cells were lysed by NK cells in a dose-dependent manner. H460 cells showed less susceptibility to NK cell-mediated lysis than Calu-1 cells at all ratios. The expression of PD-L1 on H460 cells was higher than that on Calu-1 cells, as determined by FACS and western blot analysis. The specific lysis of H460 cells by NK cells was enhanced when the PD-L1/PD-1 interaction was blocked by anti-PD-L1 antibody. This finding was also demonstrated in NK cells isolated from NSCLC patients. CONCLUSIONS The present study revealed that PD-L1/PD-1 blockage enhanced the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells in NSCLC via granzyme B secretion. This study will greatly facilitate the precise treatment of lung cancer through determination of PD-L1 expression in tumors.
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Razeghian E, Kameh MC, Shafiee S, Khalafi F, Jafari F, Asghari M, Kazemi K, Ilkhani S, Shariatzadeh S, Haj-Mirzaian A. The role of the natural killer (NK) cell modulation in breast cancer incidence and progress. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:10935-10948. [PMID: 36008609 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07865-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The importance of the immune system on tumor surveillance has been investigated for many years, and its impact on controlling tumor progression has been verified. An important subgroup of the innate immune system is natural killer (NK) cells, whose essential function in modulating tumor behavior and suppressing metastasis and tumor growth has been demonstrated. The first idea of NK cells' crucial biological processes was demonstrated through their potent ability to conduct direct cellular cytotoxicity, even without former sensitization. These properties of NK cells allow them to recognize transformed cells that have attenuated self-ligand and express stress-induced ligands. Furthermore, secretion of various cytokines and chemokines after their activation leads to tumor elimination via either direct cytotoxic effect on malignant cells or activation of the adaptive immune system. In addition, novel immunotherapeutic approaches tend to take advantage of NK cells' ability, leading to antibody-based approaches, the formation of engineered CAR-NK cells, and adoptive cell transfer. However, the restricted functionality of NK cells and the inability to infiltrate tumors are its blind spots in breast cancer patients. In this review, we gathered newly acquired data on the biology and functions of NK cells in breast cancer and proposed ways to employ this knowledge for novel therapeutic approaches in cancers, particularly breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Razeghian
- Human Genetics Division, Medical Biotechnology Department, National Institute of Genetics Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdis Chahar Kameh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepehr Shafiee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farima Khalafi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fehimeh Jafari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Radiation Oncology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadali Asghari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiarash Kazemi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Ilkhani
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siavash Shariatzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arvin Haj-Mirzaian
- Department of Pharmacology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Kennedy PR, Felices M, Miller JS. Challenges to the broad application of allogeneic natural killer cell immunotherapy of cancer. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:165. [PMID: 35414042 PMCID: PMC9006579 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02769-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells that recognize malignant cells through a wide array of germline-encoded receptors. Triggering of activating receptors results in cytotoxicity and broad immune system activation. The former is achieved through release of cytotoxic granules and presentation of death receptor ligands, while the latter is mediated by inflammatory cytokines, such as interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor α. Early success with ex vivo activation of NK cells and adoptive transfer suggest they are a safe therapeutic with promising responses in advanced hematologic malignancies. In particular, adoptive NK cell therapies can serve as a 'bridge' to potentially curative allogeneic stem cell transplantation. In addition, strategies are being developed that expand large numbers of cells from limited starting material and mature NK cells from precursors. Together, these make 'off-the-shelf' NK cells possible to treat a wide range of cancers. Research efforts have focused on creating a range of tools that increase targeting of therapeutic NK cells toward cancer-from therapeutic antibodies that drive antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, to chimeric antigen receptors. As these novel therapies start to show promise in clinical trials, the field is rapidly moving toward addressing other challenges that limit NK cell therapeutics and the goal to treat solid tumors. This review describes the state of therapeutic NK cell targeting of tumors; discusses the challenges that need to be addressed before NK cells can be applied as a wide-ranging treatment for cancer; and points to some of the innovations that are being developed to surmount these challenges. Suppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment pose a direct threat to therapeutic NK cells, through presentation of inhibitory ligands and secretion of suppressive cytokines and metabolites. The nutrient- and oxygen-starved conditions under which NK cells must function necessitate an understanding of therapeutic NK cell metabolism that is still emerging. Prior to these challenges, NK cells must find their way into and persist in the tumor itself. Finally, the desirability of a 'single-shot' NK cell treatment and the problems and benefits of a short-lived rejection-prone NK cellular product are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippa R Kennedy
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, MCRB Rm 520, 425 E River Rd Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Martin Felices
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, MCRB Rm 520, 425 E River Rd Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Miller
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, MCRB Rm 520, 425 E River Rd Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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Tian G, Guan J, Chu Y, Zhao Q, Jiang T. Immunomodulatory Effect of Irreversible Electroporation Alone and Its Cooperating With Immunotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:712042. [PMID: 34568040 PMCID: PMC8462269 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.712042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging studies have showed irreversible electroporation (IRE) focused on pancreatic cancer (PC). However, the effects of IRE treatment on the immune response of PC remain unknown. Moreover, there are few studies on the therapeutic effect of IRE combining with immunotherapy on PC. Thus, we review recent advances in our understanding of IRE alone and its working with immunotherapy towards the immune response of PC, discussing potential opportunities for exploring future treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Tian
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Guan
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Chu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiyu Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tian'an Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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6
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Cong J. Metabolism of Natural Killer Cells and Other Innate Lymphoid Cells. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1989. [PMID: 32983138 PMCID: PMC7484708 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are the host's first line of defense against tumors and viral infections without prior sensitization. It is increasingly accepted that NK cells belong to the innate lymphoid cell (ILC) family. Other ILCs, comprising ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s and lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells, are largely non-cytotoxic, tissue-resident cells, which function to protect local microenvironments against tissue insults and maintain homeostasis. Recently, evidence has accumulated that metabolism supports many aspects of the biology of NK cells and other ILCs, and that metabolic reprogramming regulates their development and function. Here, we outline the current understanding of ILC metabolism, and describe how metabolic processes are affected, and how metabolic defects are coupled to dysfunction of ILCs, in disease settings. Furthermore, we summarize the current and potential directions for immunotherapy involving targeting of ILC metabolism. Finally, we discuss the open questions in the rapidly expanding field of ILC metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Cong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Institue of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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7
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Slattery K, Gardiner CM. NK Cell Metabolism and TGFβ - Implications for Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2915. [PMID: 31921174 PMCID: PMC6927492 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
NK cells are innate lymphocytes which play an essential role in protection against cancer and viral infection. Their functions are dictated by many factors including the receptors they express, cytokines they respond to and changes in the external environment. These cell processes are regulated within NK cells at many levels including genetic, epigenetic and expression (RNA and protein) levels. The last decade has revealed cellular metabolism as another level of immune regulation. Specific immune cells adopt metabolic configurations that support their functions, and this is a dynamic process with cells undergoing metabolic reprogramming during the course of an immune response. Upon activation with pro-inflammatory cytokines, NK cells upregulate both glycolysis and oxphos metabolic pathways and this supports their anti-cancer functions. Perturbation of these pathways inhibits NK cell effector functions. Anti-inflammatory cytokines such as TGFβ can inhibit metabolic changes and reduce functional outputs. Although a lot remains to be learned, our knowledge of potential molecular mechanisms involved is growing quickly. This review will discuss our current knowledge on the role of TGFβ in regulating NK cell metabolism and will draw on a wider knowledge base regarding TGFβ regulation of cellular metabolic pathways, in order to highlight potential ways in which TGFβ might be targeted to contribute to the exciting progress that is being made in terms of adoptive NK cell therapies for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Slattery
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Clair M Gardiner
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
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8
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Yeo HL, Fan T, Lin R, Yu J, Liao G, Chen ES, Ho M, Lin W, Chen K, Chen C, Hung J, Wu J, Chang N, Chang MD, Yu J, Yu AL. Sialylation of vasorin by ST3Gal1 facilitates TGF-β1-mediated tumor angiogenesis and progression. Int J Cancer 2019; 144:1996-2007. [PMID: 30252131 PMCID: PMC6590135 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
ST3Gal1 is a key sialyltransferase which adds α2,3‐linked sialic acid to substrates and generates core 1 O‐glycan structure. Upregulation of ST3Gal1 has been associated with worse prognosis of breast cancer patients. However, the protein substrates of ST3Gal1 implicated in tumor progression remain elusive. In our study, we demonstrated that ST3GAL1‐silencing significantly reduced tumor growth along with a notable decrease in vascularity of MCF7 xenograft tumors. We identified vasorin (VASN) which was shown to bind TGF‐β1, as a potential candidate that links ST3Gal1 to angiogenesis. LC‐MS/MS analysis of VASN secreted from MCF7, revealed that more than 80% of its O‐glycans are sialyl‐3T and disialyl‐T. ST3GAL1‐silencing or desialylation of VASN by neuraminidase enhanced its binding to TGF‐β1 by 2‐ to 3‐fold and thereby dampening TGF‐β1 signaling and angiogenesis, as indicated by impaired tube formation of HUVECs, suppressed angiogenesis gene expression and reduced activation of Smad2 and Smad3 in HUVEC cells. Examination of 114 fresh primary breast cancer and their adjacent normal tissues showed that the expression levels of ST3Gal1 and TGFB1 were high in tumor part and the expression of two genes was positively correlated. Kaplan Meier survival analysis showed a significantly shorter relapse‐free survival for those with lower expression VASN, notably, the combination of low VASN with high ST3GAL1 yielded even higher risk of recurrence (p = 0.025, HR = 2.967, 95% CI = 1.14–7.67). Since TGF‐β1 is known to transcriptionally activate ST3Gal1, our findings illustrated a feedback regulatory loop in which TGF‐β1 upregulates ST3Gal1 to circumvent the negative impact of VASN. What's new? The addition of sialic acid to glycoproteins is dysregulated in many cancers, and enhanced expression of one key enzyme, the sialyltransferase ST3Gal1, is associated with poor prognosis. Here, the authors identified the membrane protein vasorin as a new ST3Gal1 substrate and connect it with TGF‐β1‐induced signaling and angiogenesis in breast cancer. As silencing of ST3Gal1 dampened TGF‐β1 signaling and suppressed angiogenesis, development of ST3Gal1 inhibitors might be clinically useful to improve the prognosis of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ling Yeo
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular BiologyNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
- Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics ProgramTaiwan International Graduate Program Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Tan‐Chi Fan
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Ruey‐Jen Lin
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Jyh‐Cherng Yu
- General Surgery, Department of SurgeryTri‐Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical CenterTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Guo‐Shiou Liao
- General Surgery, Department of SurgeryTri‐Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical CenterTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Eric Sheng‐Wen Chen
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Ming‐Yi Ho
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Wen‐Der Lin
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Kowa Chen
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | | | - Jung‐Tung Hung
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Jen‐Chine Wu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Nai‐Chuan Chang
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | | | - John Yu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Alice Lin‐Tsing Yu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer ResearchChang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
- Genomics Research CenterAcademia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Pediatrics/Hematology OncologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCAUSA
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9
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Xie S, Wu Z, Zhou L, Liang Y, Wang X, Niu L, Xu K, Chen J, Zhang M. Iodine-125 seed implantation and allogenic natural killer cell immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation: a case report. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:7345-7352. [PMID: 30498359 PMCID: PMC6207256 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s166962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
For advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, liver transplantation (LT) is an optimal treatment with limitation of high risk of tumor recurrence related to the immunosuppressive chemotherapy as usually recommended. In this study, a 29-year-old man suffered from HCC recurrence after LT. He underwent radiotherapy (total dose: 45 Gy) but had no significant response. Then, he received iodine-125 seed implantation combined with allogenic natural killer (NK) cell immunotherapy. Liver function, immune function, circulating tumor cell counts and computed tomography scans were evaluated to determine the clinical effect. We found that this combined treatment produced enhanced immune function of the patient and reduction in tumor size. This is the first report of an efficacy and safety study about clinical regimen comprising allogenic NK cell immunotherapy combined with iodine-125 seed implantation for the treatment of HCC recurrence after LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silun Xie
- Research and Development Department, Shenzhen Hank Bioengineering Institute, Shenzhen 518004, China,
| | - Zhengyi Wu
- Research and Development Department, Shenzhen Hank Bioengineering Institute, Shenzhen 518004, China,
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Central Laboratory, Fuda Cancer Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510665, China,
| | - Yingqing Liang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Fuda Cancer Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510665, China,
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Fuda Cancer Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510665, China,
| | - Lizhi Niu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Fuda Cancer Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510665, China,
| | - Kecheng Xu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Fuda Cancer Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510665, China,
| | - Jibing Chen
- Department of Central Laboratory, Fuda Cancer Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510665, China,
| | - Mingjie Zhang
- Research and Development Department, Shenzhen Hank Bioengineering Institute, Shenzhen 518004, China,
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10
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Viral and Nonviral Engineering of Natural Killer Cells as Emerging Adoptive Cancer Immunotherapies. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:4054815. [PMID: 30306093 PMCID: PMC6166361 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4054815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are powerful immune effectors whose antitumor activity is regulated through a sophisticated network of activating and inhibitory receptors. As effectors of cancer immunotherapy, NK cells are attractive as they do not attack healthy self-tissues nor do they induce T cell-driven inflammatory cytokine storm, enabling their use as allogeneic adoptive cellular therapies. Clinical responses to adoptive NK-based immunotherapy have been thwarted, however, by the profound immunosuppression induced by the tumor microenvironment, particularly severe in the context of solid tumors. In addition, the short postinfusion persistence of NK cells in vivo has limited their clinical efficacy. Enhancing the antitumor immunity of NK cells through genetic engineering has been fueled by the promise that impaired cytotoxic functionality can be restored or augmented with the use of synthetic genetic approaches. Alongside expressing chimeric antigen receptors to overcome immune escape by cancer cells, enhance their recognition, and mediate their killing, NK cells have been genetically modified to enhance their persistence in vivo by the expression of cytokines such as IL-15, avoid functional and metabolic tumor microenvironment suppression, or improve their homing ability, enabling enhanced targeting of solid tumors. However, NK cells are notoriously adverse to endogenous gene uptake, resulting in low gene uptake and transgene expression with many vector systems. Though viral vectors have achieved the highest gene transfer efficiencies with NK cells, nonviral vectors and gene transfer approaches—electroporation, lipofection, nanoparticles, and trogocytosis—are emerging. And while the use of NK cell lines has achieved improved gene transfer efficiencies particularly with viral vectors, challenges with primary NK cells remain. Here, we discuss the genetic engineering of NK cells as they relate to NK immunobiology within the context of cancer immunotherapy, highlighting the most recent breakthroughs in viral vectors and nonviral approaches aimed at genetic reprogramming of NK cells for improved adoptive immunotherapy of cancer, and, finally, address their clinical status.
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11
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Liang S, Lin M, Niu L, Xu K, Wang X, Liang Y, Zhang M, Du D, Chen J. Cetuximab combined with natural killer cells therapy: an alternative to chemoradiotherapy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:879-891. [PMID: 29888109 PMCID: PMC5992505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells therapy has the potential to prolong survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We conducted a clinical trial to investigate the safety and efficacy of cetuximab plus NK cells therapy in patients with advanced NSCLC. Between June 2015 and August 2016, 54 patients with advanced EGFR-expressing NSCLC were assigned randomly to the cetuximab plus NK cells therapy group (A; n = 27) or cetuximab alone group (B; n = 27). Patients in group A received two courses of NK cells therapy continuously. Cetuximab was administered intravenously and the weekly maintenance dose was continued until tumor progression. All adverse effects were manageable and no significant difference was noted between the two groups (P > 0.05). Levels of CEA, NSE and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in group A were significantly lower than those before treatment (P < 0.05). Patients in group A had a significant improvement in immune function and quality of life (QOL) (P < 0.05). Patients in group A survived longer than those in group B (median PFS: 6 months vs 4.5 months; median OS: 9.5 months vs 7.5 months; P < 0.05). Combination therapy could be an alternative to chemoradiotherapy for patients with advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhen Liang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou, China
- Fuda Cancer InstituteGuangzhou, China
| | - Mao Lin
- Department of Central Laboratory, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou, China
- Fuda Cancer InstituteGuangzhou, China
| | - Lizhi Niu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou, China
- Fuda Cancer InstituteGuangzhou, China
| | - Kecheng Xu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou, China
- Fuda Cancer InstituteGuangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Duanming Du
- Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen, China
| | - Jibing Chen
- Department of Central Laboratory, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou, China
- Fuda Cancer InstituteGuangzhou, China
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Clinical efficacy of percutaneous cryoablation combined with allogenic NK cell immunotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Immunol Res 2018; 65:880-887. [PMID: 28508945 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-017-8927-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the safety and clinical efficacy of cryosurgery combined with allogenic NK cell immunotherapy for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were evaluated. From July 2016 to March 2017, we enrolled 60 patients who met the enrollment criteria and divided them into two groups: (1) the simple cryoablation group (n = 30) and (2) the cryoablation combined with allogenic NK cell group (n = 30). The changes in immune function, quality of life, and clinical response were evaluated. We found that allogenic NK cells combined with cryosurgical treatment for advanced NSCLC have a synergistic effect, which not only enhancing the immune function of patients, improving the quality of life, and significantly increasing the response rate (RR) and disease control rate (DCR) compared to cryoablation group. This study is the first clinical trial of allogenic NK cells combined with cryosurgery for the treatment of advanced NSCLC and preliminaily its safety and efficacy.
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Daher M, Rezvani K. Next generation natural killer cells for cancer immunotherapy: the promise of genetic engineering. Curr Opin Immunol 2018; 51:146-153. [PMID: 29605760 PMCID: PMC6140331 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of cellular therapy have focused on autologous T cells engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) against tumor antigens. Remarkable responses have been observed in patients receiving autologous CD19-redirected T cells for the treatment of B-lymphoid malignancies. However, the generation of autologous products for each patient is logistically challenging and expensive. Extensive research efforts are ongoing to generate an off-the-shelf cellular product for the treatment of cancer patients. Natural killer (NK) cells are attractive contenders since they have potent anti-tumor activity, and their safety in the allogeneic setting expands the cell sources for NK cell therapy beyond an autologous one. In this review, we discuss advantages and limitations of NK cellular therapy, and novel genetic engineering strategies that may be applied to overcome some of the limitations. Next-generation engineered NK cells are showing great promise in the preclinical setting and it is likely that in the next few years CAR-engineered NK cells will be incorporated into the current armamentarium of cell-based cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Daher
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Katayoun Rezvani
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, United States.
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14
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Lin M, Alnaggar M, Liang S, Wang X, Liang Y, Zhang M, Chen J, Niu L, Xu K. An important discovery on combination of irreversible electroporation and allogeneic natural killer cell immunotherapy for unresectable pancreatic cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:101795-101807. [PMID: 29254205 PMCID: PMC5731915 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To study the safety and clinical efficacy on combination of irreversible electroporation and allogeneic natural killer cell therapy for treating Stage III/IV pancreatic cancer, evaluating median progression free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Results Adverse events of all patients were limited to grades 1 and 2, including local (mainly tussis 13.4%, nausea and emesis 7.1%, pain of puncture point 29.6% and duodenum and gastric retention 4.3%) and systemic (mainly fatigue 22.3%, fever 31.6%, and transient reduction of intraoperative blood pressure 25.1% and white cell count reduction 18.3%) reactions, fever was the most frequent. The serum amylase level at 24 h and 7 d after IRE was not significantly changed compared to those before IRE (P > 0.05). CA19–9 value was lower in IRE-NK group than in IRE at 1 month after treatment (P < 0.05). After a median follow-up of 7.4 months (3.6–11.2 months): in stage III group, median PFS was higher in IRE-NK group (9.3 months) than in IRE group (8.1 months, P = 0.0465), median OS was higher in IRE-NK (13.2 months) than in IRE (11.4 months, P = 0.0411), and median PFS was higher in who received multiple NK than single NK (9.8 months vs.8.1 months, P = 0.0423, respectively), median OS who received multiple NK was higher than single NK (13.9 months vs.12.3 months, P = 0.0524, respectively), the RR in IRE-NK (63.2%) was higher than in IRE (50.0%, P < 0.05); in stage IV group, median OS was higher in IRE-NK (9.8 months) than in IRE (8.7 months, P = 0.0397), the DCR in IRE-NK (66.7%) was higher than in IRE (42.9%, P < 0.05). Materials and Methods Between July 2016 and May 2017, we enrolled 71 patients who met the enrollment criteria. The patients were divided into stage III (32 patients, 17 patients received only IRE and 15 patients received IRE-NK (Irreversible electroporation- natural killer): 8 patients underwent a course of NK and 7 patients underwent ≥ 3 courses) and stage IV (39 patients, 22 patients received only IRE and 17 patients received IRE-NK: 9 patients underwent a course of NK and 8 patients underwent ≥ 3 courses). The safety and short-term effects were evaluated firstly, then the median PFS, median OS, response rate (RR) and disease control rate (DCR) were assessed. Conclusions Combination of irreversible electroporation and allogeneic natural killer cell immunotherapy significantly increased median PFS and median OS in stage III pancreatic cancer and extended the median OS of stage IV pancreatic cancer. Multiple allogeneic natural killer cells infusion was associated with better prognosis to stage III pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Lin
- Fuda Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Fuda Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mohammed Alnaggar
- Fuda Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuzhen Liang
- Fuda Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Fuda Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinqing Liang
- Fuda Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Jibing Chen
- Fuda Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Fuda Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lizhi Niu
- Fuda Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Fuda Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kecheng Xu
- Fuda Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Fuda Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Lin M, Liang S, Wang X, Liang Y, Zhang M, Chen J, Niu L, Xu K. Percutaneous irreversible electroporation combined with allogeneic natural killer cell immunotherapy for patients with unresectable (stage III/IV) pancreatic cancer: a promising treatment. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2017; 143:2607-2618. [PMID: 28871458 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-017-2513-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was attempted to investigate the safety and clinical efficacy of percutaneous irreversible electroporation combined with allogeneic natural killer cell therapy for treating stage III/IV pancreatic cancer, evaluate median progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). METHODS Between March 2016 and February 2017, we enrolled 67 patients who met the enrollment criteria. According to the latest NCCN Guidelines, the patients were divided into stage III (35 patients, 16 patients received only irreversible electroporation (IRE) and 19 patients received IRE-NK: 8 patients underwent one course NK and 11 patients underwent ≥3 courses) and stage IV (32 patients, 14 patients received only IRE and 18 patients received IRE-NK: 8 patients underwent one course NK and 10 patients underwent ≥3 courses). The safety and short-term effects were evaluated first, then the median PFS, median OS, response rate (RR) and disease control rate (DCR) were assessed. RESULTS Adverse events of all patients were limited to grades A and B, included local (mainly cough 12.7%, nausea and emesis 6.8%, pain of puncture point 25.3% and duodenum and gastric retention 5.9%) and systemic (mainly fatigue 21.5, fever 33.5%, and blood pressure intraoperative transient reduction 27.4% and white cell count reduction 22.6%) reactions, fever was most frequent. The serum amylase level at 24 h and 7 d after IRE was not significantly changed compared to those before IRE (P > 0.05). CA19-9 value was lower in IRE-NK group than in IRE at 1 month after treatment (P < 0.05). After a median follow-up of 7.9 months (3.8-12.1 months): in stage III group, median PFS was higher in IRE-NK group (9.1 months) than in IRE group (7.9 months, P = 0.0432), median OS was higher in IRE-NK (13.6 months) than in IRE (12.2 months; P = 0.0327), and median PFS was higher in who received multiple NK than single NK (9.9 vs. 8.2 months; P = 0.0387, respectively), median OS who received multiple NK was higher than single NK (13.7 vs. 12.1 months; P = 0.0451, respectively), the RR in IRE-NK (63.2%) was higher than in IRE (50.0%; P < 0.05); in stage IV group, median OS was higher in IRE-NK (10.2 months) than in IRE (9.1 months; P = 0.0367), the DCR in IRE-NK (66.7%) was higher than in IRE (42.9%; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Percutaneous irreversible electroporation combined with allogeneic natural killer cell immunotherapy significantly increased median PFS and median OS in stage III pancreatic cancer and extended the median OS of stage IV pancreatic cancer. Multiple allogeneic natural killer cells infusion was associated with better prognosis to stage III pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Lin
- Department of Biological Treatment Center, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School, Guangzhou, China
- Fuda Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuzhen Liang
- Department of Biological Treatment Center, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Department of Biological Treatment Center, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinqing Liang
- Department of Biological Treatment Center, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Jibing Chen
- Department of Biological Treatment Center, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School, Guangzhou, China.
- Fuda Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lizhi Niu
- Department of Biological Treatment Center, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School, Guangzhou, China.
- Fuda Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Oncology, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Kecheng Xu
- Department of Biological Treatment Center, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School, Guangzhou, China
- Fuda Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Liang S, Xu K, Niu L, Wang X, Liang Y, Zhang M, Chen J, Lin M. Comparison of autogeneic and allogeneic natural killer cells immunotherapy on the clinical outcome of recurrent breast cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:4273-4281. [PMID: 28894383 PMCID: PMC5584889 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s139986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed to compare the clinical outcome of autogeneic and allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells immunotherapy for the treatment of recurrent breast cancer. Between July 2016 and February 2017, 36 patients who met the enrollment criteria were randomly assigned to two groups: autogeneic NK cells immunotherapy group (group I, n=18) and allogeneic NK cells immunotherapy group (group II, n=18). The clinical efficacy, quality of life, immune function, circulating tumor cell (CTC) level, and other related indicators were evaluated. We found that allogeneic NK cells immunotherapy has better clinical efficacy than autogeneic therapy. Moreover, allogeneic NK cells therapy improves the quality of life, reduces the number of CTCs, reduces carcinoembryonic antigen and cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) expression, and significantly enhances immune function. To our knowledge, this is the first clinical trial to compare the clinical outcome of autogeneic and allogeneic NK cells immunotherapy for recurrent breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhen Liang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Fuda Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kecheng Xu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Fuda Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lizhi Niu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Fuda Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingqing Liang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Jibing Chen
- Department of Central Laboratory, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Fuda Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mao Lin
- Department of Central Laboratory, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Fuda Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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17
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Angka L, Khan ST, Kilgour MK, Xu R, Kennedy MA, Auer RC. Dysfunctional Natural Killer Cells in the Aftermath of Cancer Surgery. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081787. [PMID: 28817109 PMCID: PMC5578175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The physiological changes that occur immediately following cancer surgeries initiate a chain of events that ultimately result in a short pro-, followed by a prolonged anti-, inflammatory period. Natural Killer (NK) cells are severely affected during this period in the recovering cancer patient. NK cells play a crucial role in anti-tumour immunity because of their innate ability to differentiate between malignant versus normal cells. Therefore, an opportunity arises in the aftermath of cancer surgery for residual cancer cells, including distant metastases, to gain a foothold in the absence of NK cell surveillance. Here, we describe the post-operative environment and how the release of sympathetic stress-related factors (e.g., cortisol, prostaglandins, catecholamines), anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-6, TGF-β), and myeloid derived suppressor cells, mediate NK cell dysfunction. A snapshot of current and recently completed clinical trials specifically addressing NK cell dysfunction post-surgery is also discussed. In collecting and summarizing results from these different aspects of the surgical stress response, a comprehensive view of the NK cell suppressive effects of surgery is presented. Peri-operative therapies to mitigate NK cell suppression in the post-operative period could improve curative outcomes following cancer surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Angka
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
| | - Sarwat T Khan
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
| | - Marisa K Kilgour
- Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Victoria, BC V8R 6V5, Canada.
| | - Rebecca Xu
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.
| | - Michael A Kennedy
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.
| | - Rebecca C Auer
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.
- Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.
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18
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Lin M, Liang S, Wang X, Liang Y, Zhang M, Chen J, Niu L, Xu K. Cryoablation combined with allogenic natural killer cell immunotherapy improves the curative effect in patients with advanced hepatocellular cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:81967-81977. [PMID: 29137237 PMCID: PMC5669863 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the clinical efficacy of cryosurgery combined with allogenic natural killer cell immunotherapy for advanced hepatocellular cancer was evaluated. From October 2015 to March 2017, we enrolled 61 patients who met the enrollment criteria and divided them into two groups: 1) the simple cryoablation group (Cryo group, n = 26); and 2) the cryoablation combined with allogenic natural killer cells group (Cryo-NK group, n = 35), the safety and short-term effects were evaluated firstly, then the median progression-free survival, response rate and disease control rate were assessed. All adverse events experienced by the patients were recorded, and included local (e.g., pain, pleural effusion, and ascites) and systemic (e.g., chills, fatigue, and fever) reactions, fever was more frequent. Other possible seriously side effects (e.g., blood or bone marrow changes) were not detected. Combining allogeneic natural killer cells with cryoablation had a synergistic effect, not only enhancing the immune function, improving the quality of life of the patients, but also reducing the expression of AFP and significantly exhibiting good clinical efficacy of the patients. After a median follow-up of 8.7 months (3.9 -15.1months), median progression-free survival was higher in Cryo-NK (9.1 months) than in Cryo (7.6 months, P = 0.0107), median progression-free survival who received multiple natural killer was higher than who just received single natural killer (9.7 months vs.8.4 months, P = 0.0011, respectively), the response rate in Cryo-NK (60.0%) was higher than in Cryo (46.1%, P < 0.05), the disease control rate in Cryo-NK (85.7%) was higher than in Cryo group (69.2%, P < 0.01). Percutaneous cryoablation combined with allogeneic natural killer cell immunotherapy significantly increased median progression-free survival of advanced hepatocellular cancer patients. Multiple allogeneic natural killer cells infusion was associated with better prognosis to advanced hepatocellular cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Lin
- Department of Biological Treatment Center, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Fuda Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuzhen Liang
- Department of Biological Treatment Center, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Department of Biological Treatment Center, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinqing Liang
- Department of Biological Treatment Center, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Jibing Chen
- Department of Biological Treatment Center, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Fuda Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lizhi Niu
- Department of Biological Treatment Center, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Fuda Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kecheng Xu
- Department of Biological Treatment Center, Fuda Cancer Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Fuda Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Wang Z, Guo L, Song Y, Zhang Y, Lin D, Hu B, Mei Y, Sandikin D, Liu H. Augmented anti-tumor activity of NK-92 cells expressing chimeric receptors of TGF-βR II and NKG2D. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2017; 66:537-548. [PMID: 28184969 PMCID: PMC11028961 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-017-1959-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The capacity of natural killer (NK) cells to kill tumor cells without specific antigen recognition provides an advantage over T cells and makes them potential effectors for tumor immunotherapy. However, the efficacy of NK cell adoptive therapy can be limited by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a potent immunosuppressive cytokine that can suppress NK cell function. To convert the suppressive signal induced by TGF-β to an activating signal, we genetically modified NK-92 cells to express a chimeric receptor with TGF-β type II receptor extracellular and transmembrane domains and the intracellular domain of NK cell-activating receptor NKG2D (TN chimeric receptor). NK-92 cells expressing TN receptors were resistant to TGF-β-induced suppressive signaling and did not down-regulate NKG2D. These modified NK-92 cells had higher killing capacity and interferon γ (IFN-γ) production against tumor cells compared with the control cells and their cytotoxicity could be further enhanced by TGF-β. More interestingly, the NK-92 cells expressing TN receptors were better chemo-attracted to the tumor cells expressing TGF-β. The presence of these modified NK-92 cells significantly inhibited the differentiation of human naïve CD4+ T cells to regulatory T cells. NK-92-TN cells could also inhibit tumor growth in vivo in a hepatocellular carcinoma xenograft tumor model. Therefore, TN chimeric receptors can be a novel strategy to augment anti-tumor efficacy in NK cell adoptive therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/immunology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Growth Processes
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
- Humans
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/transplantation
- Liver Neoplasms/immunology
- Liver Neoplasms/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K/genetics
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- Tumor Microenvironment
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjuan Wang
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Linghua Guo
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Song
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinsheng Zhang
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Lin
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Hu
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Mei
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People's Republic of China
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Dr., Singapore, 117456, Singapore
| | - Dedy Sandikin
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Dr., Singapore, 117456, Singapore
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Dr., Singapore, 117456, Singapore.
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