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Christian SL. CD24 as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Patients with B-Cell Leukemia and Lymphoma: Current Insights. Onco Targets Ther 2022; 15:1391-1402. [PMID: 36425299 PMCID: PMC9680537 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s366625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
CD24 is a highly glycosylated glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein that is expressed in many types of differentiating cells and some mature cells of the immune system as well as the central nervous system. CD24 has been extensively used as a biomarker for developing B cells as its expression levels change over the course of B cell development. Functionally, engagement of CD24 induces apoptosis in developing B cells and restricts cell growth in more mature cell types. Interestingly, CD24 is also expressed on many hematological and solid tumors. As such, it has been investigated as a therapeutic target in many solid tumors including ovarian, colorectal, pancreatic, lung and others. Most of the B-cell leukemias and lymphomas studied to date express CD24 but its role as a therapeutic target in these malignancies has, thus far, been understudied. Here, I review what is known about CD24 biology with a focus on B cell development and activation followed by a brief overview of how CD24 is being targeted in solid tumors. This is followed by an assessment of the value of CD24 as a therapeutic target in B cell leukemia and lymphoma in humans, including an evaluation of the challenges in using CD24 as a target considering its pattern of expression on normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherri L Christian
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Freile JÁ, Ustyanovska Avtenyuk N, Corrales MG, Lourens HJ, Huls G, van Meerten T, Cendrowicz E, Bremer E. CD24 Is a Potential Immunotherapeutic Target for Mantle Cell Lymphoma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1175. [PMID: 35625912 PMCID: PMC9138264 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
CD24 and its ligand Siglec-10 were described as an innate immune checkpoint in carcinoma. Here, we investigated this axis in B-cell lymphoma by assessing CD24 expression and evaluating pro-phagocytic effects of CD24 antibody treatment in comparison to hallmark immune checkpoint CD47. In mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and follicular lymphoma patients, high mRNA expression of CD24 correlated with poor overall survival, whereas CD47 expression did not. Conversely, CD24 expression did not correlate with survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), whereas CD47 did. CD24 was also highly expressed on MCL cell lines, where treatment with CD24 antibody clones SN3 or ML5 potently induced phagocytosis, with SN3 yielding >90% removal of MCL cells and triggering phagocytosis of primary patient-derived MCL cells by autologous macrophages. Treatment with CD24 mAb was superior to CD47 mAb in MCL and was comparable in magnitude to the effect observed in carcinoma lines. Reversely, CD24 mAb treatment was less effective than CD47 mAb treatment in DLBCL. Finally, phagocytic activity of clone SN3 appeared at least partly independent of antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), suggesting CD24/Siglec-10 checkpoint activity, whereas clone ML5 solely induced ADCP. In conclusion, CD24 is an immunotherapeutic target of potential clinical relevance for MCL, but not DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimena Álvarez Freile
- Department of Hematology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (J.Á.F.); (N.U.A.); (M.G.C.); (H.J.L.); (G.H.); (T.v.M.)
| | - Natasha Ustyanovska Avtenyuk
- Department of Hematology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (J.Á.F.); (N.U.A.); (M.G.C.); (H.J.L.); (G.H.); (T.v.M.)
| | - Macarena González Corrales
- Department of Hematology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (J.Á.F.); (N.U.A.); (M.G.C.); (H.J.L.); (G.H.); (T.v.M.)
| | - Harm Jan Lourens
- Department of Hematology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (J.Á.F.); (N.U.A.); (M.G.C.); (H.J.L.); (G.H.); (T.v.M.)
| | - Gerwin Huls
- Department of Hematology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (J.Á.F.); (N.U.A.); (M.G.C.); (H.J.L.); (G.H.); (T.v.M.)
| | - Tom van Meerten
- Department of Hematology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (J.Á.F.); (N.U.A.); (M.G.C.); (H.J.L.); (G.H.); (T.v.M.)
| | - Ewa Cendrowicz
- Department of Hematology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (J.Á.F.); (N.U.A.); (M.G.C.); (H.J.L.); (G.H.); (T.v.M.)
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edwin Bremer
- Department of Hematology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (J.Á.F.); (N.U.A.); (M.G.C.); (H.J.L.); (G.H.); (T.v.M.)
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Zheng W, Lin Q, Issah MA, Liao Z, Shen J. Identification of PLA2G7 as a novel biomarker of diffuse large B cell lymphoma. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:927. [PMID: 34404374 PMCID: PMC8369790 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08660-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the most common form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma globally, and patients with relapsed or refractory DLBCL typically experience poor long-term outcomes. METHODS Differentially expressed genes associated with DLBCL were identified using two GEO datasets in an effort to detect novel diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers of this cancer type, after which receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were conducted. Genes associated with DLBCL patient prognosis were additionally identified via WCGNA analyses of the TCGA database. The expression of PLA2G7 in DLBCL patient clinical samples was further assessed, and the functional role of this gene in DLBCL was assessed through in vitro and bioinformatics analyses. RESULTS DLBCL-related DEGs were found to be most closely associated with immune responses, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis. WCGNA analyses revealed that PLA2G7 exhibited prognostic value in DLBCL patients, and the upregulation of this gene in DLBCL patient samples was subsequently validated. PLA2G7 was also found to be closely linked to tumor microenvironmental composition such that DLBCL patients expressing higher levels of this gene exhibited high local monocyte and gamma delta T cell levels. In vitro experiments also revealed that knocking down PLA2G7 expression was sufficient to impair the migration and proliferation of DLBCL cells while promoting their apoptotic death. Furthmore, the specific inhibitor of PLA2G7, darapladib, could noticeably restrained the DLBCL cell viability and induced apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS PLA2G7 may represent an important diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic biomarker in patients with DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Zheng
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical Center of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology; Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiaochu Lin
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical Center of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology; Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mohammed Awal Issah
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical Center of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology; Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ziyuan Liao
- Meng Chao Hepatobiliary Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianzhen Shen
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical Center of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology; Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
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Shapira S, Kazanov D, Mdah F, Yaakobi H, Herishanu Y, Perry C, Avivi I, Itchaki G, Shacham-Abulafia A, Raanani P, Hay-Levy M, Aiger G, Mashiah J, Lev-Ari S, Arber N. Feasibly of CD24/CD11b as a Screening Test for Hematological Malignancies. J Pers Med 2021; 11:724. [PMID: 34442367 PMCID: PMC8399145 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11080724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An estimated 1.24 million blood cancer cases occur annually worldwide, accounting for approximately 6% of all cancer cases. Currently, there are no standardized hematology cancer screening tests that are recommended for the general population. CD24 is a mucin-like cell surface molecule and P-selectin ligand, which plays a significant role in the maturation of B-lymphocytes and was found to be overexpressed in a number of hematological malignancies. Our primary aim was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the CD24/CD11b-based blood test for the detection of hematological malignancies. Our cohort included 488 subjects with positive hematological cancer diagnosis (n = 122) and healthy subjects (n = 366). CD24/CD11b expression in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) obtained from blood samples of participants was analyzed by flow cytometry. Our results demonstrated that the average levels of CD24/CD11b in healthy patients (21.7 ± 9.0) were statistically significantly lower compared to levels of CD24/CD11b in cancer patients (29.5 ± 18.7, p < 0.001). The highest levels of CD24/CD11b were found in multiple myeloma (39.1 ± 23.6), followed by chronic myeloid leukemia (33.0 ± 13.7) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (32.3 ± 13.3). The test had an overall sensitivity for hematologic cancers of 78.5% (95% CI, 70.7-86.3%) and specificity of 80.2% (95% CI, 76.1-84.3%). In conclusion, our findings indicate the feasibility of a CD24/CD11b-based blood test as a screening test of hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiran Shapira
- Integrated Cancer Prevention Center, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel; (S.S.); (D.K.); (F.M.); (H.Y.); (M.H.-L.); (G.A.); (S.L.-A.)
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel; (Y.H.); (C.P.); (I.A.); (G.I.); (A.S.-A.); (P.R.)
| | - Dina Kazanov
- Integrated Cancer Prevention Center, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel; (S.S.); (D.K.); (F.M.); (H.Y.); (M.H.-L.); (G.A.); (S.L.-A.)
| | - Fatin Mdah
- Integrated Cancer Prevention Center, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel; (S.S.); (D.K.); (F.M.); (H.Y.); (M.H.-L.); (G.A.); (S.L.-A.)
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel; (Y.H.); (C.P.); (I.A.); (G.I.); (A.S.-A.); (P.R.)
| | - Hadas Yaakobi
- Integrated Cancer Prevention Center, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel; (S.S.); (D.K.); (F.M.); (H.Y.); (M.H.-L.); (G.A.); (S.L.-A.)
| | - Yair Herishanu
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel; (Y.H.); (C.P.); (I.A.); (G.I.); (A.S.-A.); (P.R.)
- Tel Aviv Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | - Chava Perry
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel; (Y.H.); (C.P.); (I.A.); (G.I.); (A.S.-A.); (P.R.)
- Tel Aviv Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | - Irit Avivi
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel; (Y.H.); (C.P.); (I.A.); (G.I.); (A.S.-A.); (P.R.)
- Tel Aviv Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | - Gilad Itchaki
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel; (Y.H.); (C.P.); (I.A.); (G.I.); (A.S.-A.); (P.R.)
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Institute of Hematology, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel
| | - Adi Shacham-Abulafia
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel; (Y.H.); (C.P.); (I.A.); (G.I.); (A.S.-A.); (P.R.)
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Institute of Hematology, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel
| | - Pia Raanani
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel; (Y.H.); (C.P.); (I.A.); (G.I.); (A.S.-A.); (P.R.)
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Institute of Hematology, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel
| | - Mori Hay-Levy
- Integrated Cancer Prevention Center, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel; (S.S.); (D.K.); (F.M.); (H.Y.); (M.H.-L.); (G.A.); (S.L.-A.)
| | - Gal Aiger
- Integrated Cancer Prevention Center, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel; (S.S.); (D.K.); (F.M.); (H.Y.); (M.H.-L.); (G.A.); (S.L.-A.)
| | - Jacob Mashiah
- Tel Aviv Medical Center, The Pediatric Dermatology Unit, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel;
| | - Shahar Lev-Ari
- Integrated Cancer Prevention Center, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel; (S.S.); (D.K.); (F.M.); (H.Y.); (M.H.-L.); (G.A.); (S.L.-A.)
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel; (Y.H.); (C.P.); (I.A.); (G.I.); (A.S.-A.); (P.R.)
| | - Nadir Arber
- Integrated Cancer Prevention Center, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel; (S.S.); (D.K.); (F.M.); (H.Y.); (M.H.-L.); (G.A.); (S.L.-A.)
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel; (Y.H.); (C.P.); (I.A.); (G.I.); (A.S.-A.); (P.R.)
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