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Grünwald V, Larkin J, Puente J, Bedke J, Porta C. Management of Adverse Reactions Related to Lenvatinib Plus Pembrolizumab Treatment Among Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2024; 22:394-401. [PMID: 38218660 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma is the predominant histological type of kidney cancer with historically poor patient outcomes. Lenvatinib in combination with pembrolizumab is an approved first-line regimen for people with advanced renal cell carcinoma that showed clinically meaningful improvements in efficacy over sunitinib in the CLEAR trial; however, reduced patient exposure to treatment (often stemming from adverse reactions) is a potential therapeutic barrier that must be addressed. Here, we present management strategies for adverse reactions associated with this treatment combination: fatigue, diarrhea, musculoskeletal pain, hypertension, stomatitis, decreased appetite, rash, nausea, and proteinuria. Dosing modification of lenvatinib and pembrolizumab should be made according to the prescribing information for each medication. Clinicians should consider that some adverse reactions, such as diarrhea, may be attributable to lenvatinib, or may be a symptom of immune-related adverse reactions to pembrolizumab (such as colitis). Adverse reactions can generally be managed by: (1) advising the patient on precautionary measures (eg, for stomatitis, practice dental hygiene, avoid irritating foods, and maintain adequate hydration), (2) monitoring for changes in symptoms from baseline (eg, changes in bowel movements, blood pressure or level of fatigue), (3) interrupting/dose reducing lenvatinib or interrupting pembrolizumab, if warranted, and advising the patient to manage their current symptoms via self-care (managing diarrhea with antidiarrheal agents and hydration), and (4) implementing medical interventions (eg, thyroid replacement or antihypertensive therapy) when needed. Through successful management of adverse reactions, oncology clinicians can improve the well-being of their patients and likely enhance adherence rates to treatment with lenvatinib and pembrolizumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Grünwald
- Interdisciplinary Genitourinary Oncology, Clinic for Urology, Clinic for Medical Oncology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany.
| | - James Larkin
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, 203 Fulham Rd, SW3 6JJ, London, United Kingdom
| | - Javier Puente
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clinico Universitario San Carlos, Calle del Prof Martín Lagos, S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jens Bedke
- Department of Urology & Transplantation Surgery, Klinikum Stuttgart Kriegsbergstraße., 60 70174 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Camillo Porta
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari 'A Moro', Piazza Giulio Cesare 11 70124, Bari, Italy
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Song L, Guo J, Zhou D, Tao S, Ding B, Yu L, Wang C. Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of CML patients and their families toward TKI therapy in China. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36498. [PMID: 38115374 PMCID: PMC10727673 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has revolutionized chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment. The knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of patients and their families play a significant role in treatment adherence and effectiveness. This study aimed to investigate the KAP of CML patients and their families regarding TKI therapy in China. From November 1 to December 31, 2022, a cross-sectional study was conducted at the Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital in China. A total of 313 CML patients and 268 family caregivers were selected using convenience sampling. Participants answered a self-designed questionnaire. The questionnaire contained demographic/clinical data and assessed KAP toward CML and TKI therapy. Participants exhibited mean KAP scores of 8.91 (55.7%), 33.10 (73.6%), and 2.20 (73.3%), respectively. Family members had higher knowledge and practice scores than patients (both P < .05), with factors such as younger age, urban residency, higher education, employment, higher income, and interaction with peers correlating with better knowledge scores (P < .001). Although participants were well-informed about their diagnosis and medication (>80%), understanding of disease causes (<30%) and treatment prognosis and side effects (<50%) was limited, and cost concerns affected 80.55%. Anxiety and depression were reported more among caregivers (46.64% and 13.8%) than patients (29.71% and 11.51%). While 84.85% adhered to the doctor's instructions, only 68.50% actively sought more CML information. Positive correlations were observed among KAP scores, indicating their interdependence (knowledge-attitude: R = 0.397; knowledge-practice: R = 0.598; attitude-practice: R = 0.353; all P < .001). The findings underscore the importance of tailored education to fill knowledge gaps about CML and the need to address financial concerns and provide psychological support. The positive correlations among knowledge, attitudes, and practices emphasize the need for comprehensive interventions. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of tailored education, addresses financial concerns, and provides emotional support for CML patients and caregivers in China, despite limitations such as convenience sampling and questionnaire design. Future research should evaluate the effectiveness of educational interventions and long-term outcomes to further enhance the overall well-being of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiao Song
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Hematology, People’s Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, China
| | - Shandong Tao
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, China
| | - Banghe Ding
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, China
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, China
| | - Chunling Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, China
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Hewison A, Roman E, Smith A, McCaughan D, Sheridan R, Patmore R, Atkin K, Howell D. Chronic myeloid leukaemia: A qualitative interview study exploring disease impact from patient and practitioner perspectives. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2023; 67:102421. [PMID: 37804754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2023.102421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Improvements in chronic myeloid leukaemia treatment mean it is now relevant to examine the experiences of living with this cancer over a lifetime. This qualitative study aimed to investigate the impact of chronic myeloid leukaemia, from patient and healthcare practitioner perspectives. METHODS The research was set within the UK's Haematological Malignancy Research Network; a population-based cohort of patients newly diagnosed with blood cancer, treated at one of fourteen hospitals. Purposive sampling led to interviews with seventeen patients and thirteen health care practitioners. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Two analytical themes, "Significant impact of disease and treatment" and "Mediators of the impact of disease and treatment", and six sub-themes, were derived from patient interviews and supported with data from practitioners. Chronic myeloid leukaemia was described by patients as having significant widespread impact, which could be mediated by their knowledge, social support, and the quality of healthcare systems. Practitioners reflected patient accounts, but could underestimate the impact of this cancer. They generally viewed chronic myeloid leukaemia as less complex, severe and impactful than acute blood cancers; a message that reassured patients at diagnosis, but could later unintentionally contribute to difficulties discussing side effects and struggles to cope. CONCLUSION Chronic myeloid leukaemia may significantly impact individuals, particularly as it is experienced over the lifetime. Greater understanding and discussion of the breadth and extent to which patients are affected, including potential mediators, could enhance clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Hewison
- Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, Seebohm Rowntree Building, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
| | - Eve Roman
- Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, Seebohm Rowntree Building, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
| | - Alexandra Smith
- Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, Seebohm Rowntree Building, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
| | - Dorothy McCaughan
- Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, Seebohm Rowntree Building, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
| | - Rebecca Sheridan
- Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, Seebohm Rowntree Building, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
| | - Russell Patmore
- Queens Centre for Oncology and Haematology, Castle Hill Hospital, Cottingham, HU16 5JQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Karl Atkin
- Department of Sociology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
| | - Debra Howell
- Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, Seebohm Rowntree Building, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
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Parker C, Berkovic D, Ayton D, Zomer E, Liew D, Wei A. Patient Perceived Financial Burden in Haematological Malignancies: A Systematic Review. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:3807-3824. [PMID: 35735414 PMCID: PMC9221876 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29060305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in scientific understanding have led to novel therapies and improved supportive care for many patients with haematological malignancies. However, these new drugs are often costly, only available at centralised health care facilities, require regular specialist reviews and lengthy treatment regimens. This leads to a significant financial burden. Understanding the impact of financial burden on haematological patients is important to appreciate the urgency of alleviating this systemic issue. Method: Eligible studies were identified by systematically searching Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Embase. Self-reported data reported in both quantitative and qualitative studies that described the financial burden for patients with haematological malignancies were included. Quality appraisal of the included studies was undertaken using the Joanna Briggs Institute tools. A narrative synthesis was employed. For quantitative studies, outcomes were extracted, tabulated and categorised to find similarities and differences between the studies. For qualitative studies, quotations, codes and themes were extracted and then clustered. An inductive approach derived qualitative themes. Results: Twenty studies were identified for inclusion. Of the quantitative studies most (83%) employed un-validated researcher-generated measures to assess financial burden. Between 15–59% of patients experienced a financial burden. Out-of-pocket expenditure was frequent for clinical appointments, prescription and non-prescription medication, and travel. Financial burden was associated with a worsening quality of life and living in metropolitan areas, but there was no evidence for impact on survival. Patient-centred experiences from the qualitative inquiry complemented the quantitative findings and five themes were determined: familial or household impact; reliance on others; barriers to care due to cost; and barriers to accessing financial assistance and sources of out-of-pocket expenses. Conclusion: The impacts of financial burden are yet to be fully appreciated in haematological malignancies, exacerbated by the heterogeneous methods employed by researchers. Future work should focus on identifying the long-term ramifications of financial burden for patients and should trial interventions to reduce its prevalence and patient impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catriona Parker
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia; (D.B.); (D.A.); (E.Z.); (D.L.)
- Department of Haematology, Alfred Health, Melbourne 3004, Australia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Danielle Berkovic
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia; (D.B.); (D.A.); (E.Z.); (D.L.)
| | - Darshini Ayton
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia; (D.B.); (D.A.); (E.Z.); (D.L.)
| | - Ella Zomer
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia; (D.B.); (D.A.); (E.Z.); (D.L.)
| | - Danny Liew
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia; (D.B.); (D.A.); (E.Z.); (D.L.)
| | - Andrew Wei
- Department of Haematology, Alfred Health, Melbourne 3004, Australia;
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Chuah PL, Jamal NF, Siew CJ, Ahmad Bustamam RS, Jeyasingam V, Khong KC. Assessment of Adherence to Imatinib and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: A Cross-Sectional Study in an Oncology Clinic in Malaysia. Patient Prefer Adherence 2021; 15:2175-2184. [PMID: 34588767 PMCID: PMC8473016 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s310409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the rate and predictors of non-adherence to imatinib in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) patients, as well as to compare the difference in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) between adherent and non-adherent patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study at the Oncology Clinic, Hospital Kuala Lumpur was conducted from March to August 2018. All patients with metastatic and/or unresectable GIST aged ≥18 years old and on at least 3 months of imatinib were included. Adherence to imatinib was assessed using the 10-item validated Medication Compliance Questionnaire, with a score of <100% indicating non-adherence. Non-adherence predictors were determined by multiple logistic regressions. HRQOL was evaluated by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30). The difference in the mean HRQOL scores between adherent and non-adherent groups was determined by multivariate analysis of variance. RESULTS A total of 89 patients were enrolled, of which 49 (55.1%) were considered non-adherent. The significant predictors of non-adherence were age (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.93; CI 0.89-0.98; P = 0.007), presence of nausea and vomiting (OR 5.63; CI 1.25-25.27; P = 0.024), and presence of comorbidities (OR 4.56; CI 1.44-14.40; P = 0.010). Patients who were in the adherent group showed significantly better score in overall HRQOL, F (15, 73) = 2.09, P < 0.02; Pillai's trace = 0.3, partial eta squared = 0.30. CONCLUSION Non-adherence to long-term treatment with imatinib among patients with GIST should not be underestimated. Significant predictors of non-adherence among this population are younger age, presence of nausea and vomiting, as well as comorbidities. Patients with good adherence portrayed better HRQOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paik Ling Chuah
- Department of Pharmacy, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Correspondence: Paik Ling Chuah Department of Pharmacy, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaTel +60 3 2615 5834 Email
| | - Nurnina Fareeha Jamal
- Department of Pharmacy, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chai Jin Siew
- Department of Pharmacy, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ros Suzanna Ahmad Bustamam
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vaishnavi Jeyasingam
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khei Choong Khong
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Institute, Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia
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Tan BK, Bee PC, Chua SS, Chen LC. Monitoring and Improving Adherence to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Systematic Review. Patient Prefer Adherence 2021; 15:2563-2575. [PMID: 34819724 PMCID: PMC8608409 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s269355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Suboptimal adherence to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is a widely recognized issue compromising the disease control and survival of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). A recently published review by Heiney et al reported inconclusive findings on the effects of a broad range of adherence enhancing interventions. The current systematic review aimed to identify studies that evaluated adherence-enhancing interventions implemented by healthcare professionals and determine their effect on CML patients' medication adherence and clinical outcomes. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed in 5 databases for articles published between 2002 and 2021. Studies that compared adherence enhancing interventions implemented by healthcare professionals with a comparison group were included. Relevant data on study characteristics were extracted. Medication adherence and clinical outcomes between intervention and control arms were compared. RESULTS Nine studies were included in two randomised controlled trials, four cohort studies, and three before-and-after comparison studies. All the included studies incorporated complex interventions, including intensive education or consultation with pharmacists, nurses or multidisciplinary team, in combination with one or more other strategies such as structured follow-up, written materials or video, psychotherapy, medication reminder or treatment diary, with the overall goal of monitoring and improving TKI adherence. Most (7 out of 9) studies demonstrated significantly better adherence to TKIs in the intervention group than the comparison group. The relative proportion of participants who adhered to TKIs ranged from 1.22 to 2.42. The improvement in the rate of TKI doses taken/received ranged from 1.5% to 7.1%. Only one study showed a significant association between intervention and clinical outcomes, with a 22.6% higher major molecular response rate and improvement in 6 out of 20 subscales of health-related quality-of-life. CONCLUSION Complex interventions delivered by healthcare professionals showed improvement in adherence to TKIs in CML patients. Further studies are required to clarify the cost-effectiveness of adherence-enhancing interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bee Kim Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
- Correspondence: Bee Kim Tan School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, 47500, MalaysiaTel +6 03 5629 5000 Email
| | - Ping Chong Bee
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Siew Siang Chua
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Li-Chia Chen
- Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
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Tan BK, Chua SS, Chen LC, Chang KM, Balashanker S, Bee PC. Acceptability of pharmacist-led interventions to resolve drug-related problems in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2020; 27:1644-1656. [PMID: 33040675 DOI: 10.1177/1078155220964539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) patients on long-term tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy are susceptible to drug-related problems (DRPs). This study aimed to evaluate the acceptability and outcomes of pharmacist-led interventions on DRPs encountered by CML patients. METHODS This study included participants from the intervention arm of a randomised controlled trial which was conducted to evaluate the effects of pharmacist-led interventions on CML patients treated with TKIs. Participants were recruited and followed up in the haematology clinics of two hospitals in Malaysia from March 2017 to January 2019. A pharmacist identified DRPs and helped to resolve them. Patients were followed-up for six months, and their DRPs were assessed based on the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe Classification for DRP v7.0. The identified DRPs, the pharmacist's interventions, and the acceptance and outcomes of the interventions were recorded. A Poisson multivariable regression model was used to analyse factors associated with the number of identified DRPs per participant. RESULTS A total of 198 DRPs were identified from 65 CML patients. The median number of DRPs per participants was 3 (interquartile range: 2, 4). Most participants (97%) had at least one DRP, which included adverse drug events (45.5%), treatment ineffectiveness (31.5%) and patients' treatment concerns or dissatisfaction (23%). The 228 causes of DRPs identified comprised the following: lack of disease or treatment information, or outcome monitoring (47.8%), inappropriate drug use processes (23.2%), inappropriate patient behaviour (19.9%), suboptimal drug selection (6.1%), suboptimal dose selection (2.6%) and logistic issues in dispensing (0.4%). The number of concomitant medications was significantly associated with the number of DRPs (adjusted Odds Ratio: 1.100; 95% CI: 1.005, 1.205; p = 0.040). Overall, 233 interventions were made. These included providing patient education on disease states or TKI-related side effects (75.1%) and recommending appropriate instructions for taking medications (7.7%). Of the 233 interventions, 94.4% were accepted and 83.7% were implemented by the prescriber or patient. A total of 154 DRPs (77.3%) were resolved. CONCLUSIONS The pharmacist-led interventions among CML patients managed to identify various DRPs, were well accepted by both TKI prescribers and patients, and had a high success rate of resolving the DRPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bee Kim Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, 37447University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siew Siang Chua
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Li-Chia Chen
- Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Kian Meng Chang
- Department of Hematology, 26691Ministry of Health Malaysia, Ampang Hospital, Ampang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Sharmini Balashanker
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Ping Chong Bee
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, 37447University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Adherence to tyrosine kinase inhibitors among adult chronic myeloid leukemia patients in a Malaysia hospital. Int J Clin Pharm 2020; 43:46-54. [PMID: 32524510 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-020-01070-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been demonstrated to improve the survival of patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia. However, medication adherence is vital for patients on chronic treatment. Objective The objective of the current study was to evaluate response to treatment, adherence by patients to tyrosine kinase inhibitors and factors associated with adherence and response. Setting A haematology clinic in a regional referral hospital in Malaysia. Method Patients aged ≥ 13 years who had been on imatinib or nilotinib for ≥ 12 months were included in this cross-sectional study. An optimal response was defined as the achievement of major molecular response at 12 months of treatment. Patient medication adherence was determined using the average medication possession ratio based on the dispensing records. The patients were considered adherent if the medication possession ratio was > 90%. Multiple logistic regression was performed to evaluate the factors associated with adherence. The association of adherence with molecular response was analysed by univariate logistic regression. Main outcome measure The primary outcome measures were the proportion of patients who achieved optimal response and the medication possession ratio. Results A total of 151 patients were screened, and 71 patients were included. Twenty-eight patients (39%) achieved major molecular response at 12 months of treatment. The median time to achieve this was 15.5 months (an interquartile range of 15). The mean medication possession ratio for imatinib and nilotinib was 0.94 (± 0.14) and 0.96 (± 0.10), respectively, but this difference was without statistical significance (t = - 0.517, p = 0.610). Nausea and vomiting (odds ratio [OR] of 0.25, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.07-0.83, p = 0.023) and disease phase at diagnosis (OR of 0.20, 95% CI 0.04-1.06, p = 0.059) were associated with patient adherence. An association was not found between patient adherence and molecular response (OR of 1.03, 95% CI 0.35-3.09, p = 0.956). Conclusion The patients in this study demonstrated a relatively deep molecular response and optimal adherence. Nevertheless, one fourth of them were noncompliant with imatinib. Therefore, active interventions are warranted to prevent treatment-associated adverse events and improve adherence.
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Boons CCLM, den Hartog YM, Janssen JJWM, Zandvliet AS, Vos RM, Swart EL, Hendrikse NH, Hugtenburg JG. Food-effect study of nilotinib in chronic myeloid leukaemia (NiFo study): Enabling dose reduction and relief of treatment burden. Eur J Haematol 2020; 105:148-155. [PMID: 32243653 PMCID: PMC7496780 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Taking advantage of its food‐dependent bioavailability, the present study investigated the effect of a reduced dose taken with real‐life meals on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of nilotinib in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) patients. Methods Nilotinib was taken fasted (300 mg BID, days 1‐4) or with real‐life meals (200 mg BID, days 5‐11). Rich sampling (days 1, 3, 8, 11) allowed for non‐compartmental PK analysis. Nilotinib exposure (AUC0–12 h ‐Cmin ‐Cmax) and its intra‐ and interpatient variability were compared between the two regimens. Adverse events were recorded by means of a patient diary and ECG monitoring. Results Fifteen patients aged 40‐74 years participated. Nilotinib PK following 200 mg BID taken with a meal strongly resembled that of 300 mg BID taken fasted (Cmin percentile (P)10‐P90: 665‐1404 ng/mL and 557‐1743 ng/mL, respectively). Meals delayed nilotinib absorption. Intra‐ and interpatient variability were not increased by intake with meals. Nilotinib with food was well tolerated. Conclusion With support of therapeutic drug monitoring, the use of a reduced 200 mg nilotinib dose with real‐life meals seems feasible and safe. Future (confirmatory) studies should further explore the usefulness of nilotinib dosing together with food, including the relationship with treatment efficacy as well as long‐term effects on quality of life. Clinical Trial Registration: NTR5000 (Netherlands Trial Register, www.trialregister.nl).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christel C L M Boons
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne M den Hartog
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Haematology, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J W M Janssen
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Haematology, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anthe S Zandvliet
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - René M Vos
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eleonora L Swart
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - N Harry Hendrikse
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline G Hugtenburg
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Hewison A, Atkin K, McCaughan D, Roman E, Smith A, Smith G, Howell D. Experiences of living with chronic myeloid leukaemia and adhering to tyrosine kinase inhibitors: A thematic synthesis of qualitative studies. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2020; 45:101730. [PMID: 32169687 PMCID: PMC7167512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2020.101730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the experiences of adults living with chronic myeloid leukaemia and treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, with particular reference to factors influencing adherence. METHODS A thematic synthesis of all published qualitative studies examining adults with chronic myeloid leukaemia, receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Eligible publications were identified by searching five electronic databases using defined criteria. The synthesis involved complete coding of extracted data and inductive theme development. RESULTS Nine studies were included and three overarching themes defined. Overarching themes were: 1) Disease impacts whole life; 2) Disease management strategies; and 3) Valued aspects of care. Side-effects often required physical and psychological adaptation. Patients developed individual decision-making processes to promote adherence and manage side effects. Unintentional non-adherence occurred due to forgetfulness and system failures. Intentional omission also occurred, which together with side effects, was unlikely to be reported to healthcare professionals (HCPs). HCP reassurance about missed doses could reinforce non-adherence. Information needs varied over time and between individuals. Knowledge among patients about treatment was often lacking and could lead to misunderstandings. Patients valued psychological support from HCPs and suggested an individualised approach, facilitating discussion of symptoms, adherence and their perspectives about living with chronic myeloid leukaemia, would improve care. CONCLUSIONS Patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia experienced significant side-effects from treatment and changes to their psychological and physical well-being. They developed their own strategies to manage their disease and treatment. This should be recognised in interventions to improve education, support and the delivery of care that is compassionate and adequately resourced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Hewison
- Corresponding author. ECSG, Health Sciences, Seebohm Rowntree Building, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
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Tan BK, Chua SS, Chen LC, Chang KM, Balashanker S, Bee PC. Efficacy of a medication management service in improving adherence to tyrosine kinase inhibitors and clinical outcomes of patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia: a randomised controlled trial. Support Care Cancer 2019; 28:3237-3247. [PMID: 31734798 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-05133-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Suboptimal adherence to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) contributes to poor clinical outcomes in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). This randomised controlled trial (RCT) aimed to evaluate the impact of a medication management service (MMS) on adherence to TKIs and clinical outcomes. METHODS A parallel RCT was conducted in two hospitals in Malaysia, where 129 CML patients were randomised to MMS or control (usual care) groups using a stratified 1:1 block randomisation method. The 6-month MMS included three face-to-face medication use reviews, CML and TKI-related education, two follow-up telephone conversations, a printed information booklet and two adherence aids. Medication adherence (primary outcome), molecular responses and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) scores were assessed at baseline, 6th and 12th month. Medication adherence and HRQoL were assessed using medication possession ratio and the European Organisation for Research and Treatment in Cancer questionnaire (EORTC_QLQ30_CML24) respectively. RESULTS The MMS group (n = 65) showed significantly higher adherence to TKIs than the control group (n = 64) at 6th month (81.5% vs 56.3%; p = 0.002), but not at 12th month (72.6% vs 60.3%; p = 0.147). In addition, a significantly higher proportion of participants in the MMS group achieved major molecular response at 6th month (58.5% vs 35.9%; p = 0.010), but not at 12th month (66.2% vs 51.6%; p = 0.092). Significant deep molecular response was also obtained at 12th month (24.6% vs 10.9%; p = 0.042). Six out of 20 subscales of EORTC-QLQ30-CML24 were significantly better in the MMS group. CONCLUSIONS The MMS improved CML patients' adherence to TKI as well as achieved better clinical outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrial.gov (ID: NCT03090477).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bee Kim Tan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Jalan Universiti, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siew Siang Chua
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Li-Chia Chen
- Centre for Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Kian Meng Chang
- Department of Hematology, Ampang Hospital, 68000, Ampang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Sharmini Balashanker
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ping Chong Bee
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Jalan Universiti, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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12
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Boons CCLM, Tromp VNMF, Neppelenbroek NJM, Timmers L, van Schoor NM, Swart EL, Hendrikse NH, Janssen JJWM, Hugtenburg JG. Satisfaction with information on nilotinib treatment in chronic myeloid leukemia patients. Acta Oncol 2019; 58:891-896. [PMID: 30905234 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2019.1585944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christel C. L. M. Boons
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Vashti N. M. F. Tromp
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nienke J. M. Neppelenbroek
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lonneke Timmers
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Natasja M. van Schoor
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Eleonora L. Swart
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - N. Harry Hendrikse
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J. W. M. Janssen
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline G. Hugtenburg
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Bhoo-Pathy N, Ng CW, Lim GCC, Tamin NSI, Sullivan R, Bhoo-Pathy NT, Abdullah MM, Kimman M, Subramaniam S, Saad M, Taib NA, Chang KM, Goh PP, Yip CH. Financial Toxicity After Cancer in a Setting With Universal Health Coverage: A Call for Urgent Action. J Oncol Pract 2019; 15:e537-e546. [PMID: 31112479 DOI: 10.1200/jop.18.00619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Financial toxicity negatively affects the well-being of cancer survivors. We examined the incidence, cost drivers, and factors associated with financial toxicity after cancer in an upper-middle-income country with universal health coverage. METHODS Through the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Costs in Oncology study, 1,294 newly diagnosed patients with cancer (Ministry of Health [MOH] hospitals [n = 577], a public university hospital [n = 642], private hospitals [n = 75]) were observed in Malaysia. Cost diaries and questionnaires were used to measure incidence of financial toxicity, encompassing financial catastrophe (FC; out-of-pocket costs ≥ 30% of annual household income), medical impoverishment (decrease in household income from above the national poverty line to below that line after subtraction of cancer-related costs), and economic hardship (inability to make necessary household payments). Predictors of financial toxicity were determined using multivariable analyses. RESULTS One fifth of patients had private health insurance. Incidence of FC at 1 year was 51% (MOH hospitals, 33%; public university hospital, 65%; private hospitals, 72%). Thirty-three percent of households were impoverished at 1 year. Economic hardship was reported by 47% of families. Risk of FC attributed to conventional medical care alone was 18% (MOH hospitals, 5%; public university hospital, 24%; private hospitals, 67%). Inclusion of expenditures on nonmedical goods and services inflated the risk of financial toxicity in public hospitals. Low-income status, type of hospital, and lack of health insurance were strong predictors of FC. CONCLUSION Patients with cancer may not be fully protected against financial hardships, even in settings with universal health coverage. Nonmedical costs also contribute as important drivers of financial toxicity in these settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiu-Wan Ng
- 1 University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Richard Sullivan
- 4 Institute of Cancer Policy, King's Health Partners Guy's Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Merel Kimman
- 6 University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Pik-Pin Goh
- 7 Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Boons CCLM, Harbers L, Timmers L, de Jong J, Swart EL, Harry Hendrikse N, Janssen JJWM, Hugtenburg JG. Needs for information and reasons for (non)adherence in chronic myeloid leukaemia: Be aware of social activities disturbing daily routines. Eur J Haematol 2018; 101:643-653. [PMID: 30058149 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To obtain insight into patients' reasons for medication (non)adherence in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) and needs and wishes regarding information and communication. METHODS A mixed-method study on the basis of a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The CML patient advocacy group asked patients to participate. RESULTS Sixty-one patients (54 ± 12 years, 43% male) using imatinib, dasatinib or nilotinib participated. Fifteen patients (25%) reported to miss an intake at least once a month. Most were not worried about missing an intake and did not discuss missed intakes with their healthcare provider (HCP). Social activities disturbing daily routines and the wish to avoid side effects resulted in nonadherence. Patients wanted extensive and understandable information provided timely on all aspects of CML treatment, in particular on side effects, and a more supportive HCP attitude. CONCLUSIONS Nonadherence to CML medication does not cause concern in all patients and is not discussed pro-actively. HCP have a clear role in supporting medication adherence in CML and must be aware that social activities disturbing daily routines contribute to nonadherence. HCP should discuss (non)adherence in a direct manner, motivate patients to play an active role in managing their medication and timely provide extensive and understandable information on all aspects of CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christel C L M Boons
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Netherlands
| | - Lorette Harbers
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lonneke Timmers
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Netherlands
| | | | - Eleonora L Swart
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - N Harry Hendrikse
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J W M Janssen
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Haematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline G Hugtenburg
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Netherlands
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