1
|
Stojilković M, Gušić I, Berić J, Prodanović D, Pecikozić N, Veljović T, Mirnić J, Đurić M. Evaluating the influence of dental aesthetics on psychosocial well-being and self-esteem among students of the University of Novi Sad, Serbia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:277. [PMID: 38408989 PMCID: PMC10895718 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A person's smile has been identified as one of the first observed facial characteristics. Even minor deviations from societal beauty standards, especially among younger individuals, can have a negative effect on their self-esteem. The aim of this research is to evaluate the self-perceived psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics and self-esteem among respondents and their association, as well as to determine the main factors contributing to dissatisfaction with dental appearance. METHODS This research was conducted as a cross-sectional study that surveyed students of the University of Novi Sad. Other Universities and private faculties were excluded from participation. Data collection used standardized questionnaires measuring the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics (PIDAQ) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Questionnaire (an online GoogleForms) was sent to the students via official Facebook groups of the faculties, student's e-mails and Instagram profiles. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Students T-test, ANOVA, multiple linear regression analysis and Spearman coefficient. To test internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha(α) was calculated for the questionnaire as a whole (0,761) and each used questionnaire (PIDAQ - 0.766; RSES - 0.765). Cronbach's alpha(α) was also calculated for each domain from PIDAQ (DSC-0.946; SI-0.882; PI-0.953; AC-0.916). RESULTS The study involved 410 participants, predominantly female (80%), aged between 21 and 23 (45.4%), primarily in ther first academic year (21.5%), and with a grade point average between 8.01 and 9.00 (42.4%). Data analysis has shown a statistically significant difference in the total PIDAQ score and SI subdomain in relation to the academic year (total PIDAQ p = 0.025; SI p = 0.000). In terms of self-esteem, results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the academic year (95%CI: 0.410-1.837; p = 0.002) and the average point grade (95%CI: -0.025-1.600; p = 0.047) were significant predictors of greater self-esteem. The Spearman coefficient value (r=-0.316, p < 0.001) confirmed a statistically significant negative correlation between PIDAQ and self-esteem. Only 34% of respondents expressed satisfaction with their teeth. Dissatisfaction about the smile was primarily attributed to the arrangement and positioning of their teeth (32.2%). Financial constraints were identified as the main barrier for seeking interventions to improve smile satisfaction (39.5%). CONCLUSION Students experiencing a greater psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics tended to exhibit lower self-esteem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marija Stojilković
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia.
| | - Ivana Gušić
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
- Dentistry Clinic of Vojvodina, Hajduk Veljkova 12, Novi Sad, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Jelena Berić
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Dušan Prodanović
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Nevena Pecikozić
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Tanja Veljović
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Jelena Mirnić
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Milanko Đurić
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
- Dentistry Clinic of Vojvodina, Hajduk Veljkova 12, Novi Sad, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alqarawi FK, Alam BF, Nayab T, Alshehri S, Al-Jandan B, Fahim F, Ali S. Impact of COVID-19 on the self-esteem, psychological and dental esthetics of dental students. Work 2024; 77:407-416. [PMID: 37718829 DOI: 10.3233/wor-220627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has badly affected the mental health, quality of life, and self-esteem of students worldwide. OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to evaluate the psychological impact and self-esteem of dental students using Rosenberg self-esteem scale and PIDAQ during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD This cross-sectional research was conducted amongst the dental students studying at various dental colleges in Karachi, Pakistan from January to May 2022. Evaluation of psychological aspect and self-esteem of students was carried out using "Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ)", and "Rosenberg self-esteem scale" as perceived by students during the pandemic. For data analysis SPSS v24 was used. Data analysis comprised of descriptive analysis, Spearman correlation, One-way Anova and Linear regression. The level of significance of p value was less than 0.05. RESULTS Overall 332 students participated, among which there were 181 females (54.5%), 151 males (45.5%). Dental self-confidence showed a negative relationship with social influence, psychological effect, and aesthetic concern, while it was positively linked with self-esteem during the pandemic. Social impact demonstrated association with psychological impact, aesthetic concern, and self-esteem, while it was negatively correlated with dental confidence. Rosenberg score showed positive correlation with all the variables. Statistically significant association was identified for variables when compared with gender. Regression analysis indicated association of age with dental confidence and RSS, while gender with social influence. CONCLUSION The pandemic, aside from affecting the health of individuals worldwide, also badly affected the well-being, mental health, and self-esteem of the dental students. Dental aesthetics plays a crucial role in the mental wellbeing and self-esteem of the students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Firas K Alqarawi
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Beenish Fatima Alam
- Department of Oral Biology, Bahria University Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Talha Nayab
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sami Alshehri
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badr Al-Jandan
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Fahim
- Department of BUCPT, Bahria University Health Sciences Campus, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saqib Ali
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Skallevold HE, Rokaya N, Wongsirichat N, Rokaya D. Importance of oral health in mental health disorders: An updated review. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2023; 13:544-552. [PMID: 37396968 PMCID: PMC10314291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mental disorders are indeed an expanding threat, which requires raised awareness, education, prevention, and treatment initiatives nationally and globally. This review presents an updated review on the relationships between oral health and mental health disorders and the importance of oral health in mental health disorders. Method A literature search was done regarding mental disorders and oral health approaches in Google Scholar and PubMed from the year 1995 until 2023. All the English-language papers were evaluated based on the inclusion criteria. Publications included original research papers, review articles and book chapters. Results Common mental disorders include depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, Schizophrenia, dementia, and alcohol and drug use disorders. The interplay of oral health and mental disorders involves dysregulated microbiome, translocated bacteria, and systemic inflammation, among others. Conclusion There is a complex relationship between mental disorders and oral diseases. Various oral health problems are associated with mental health problems. The interplay of oral health and mental disorders involves dysregulated microbiome, translocated bacteria, and systemic inflammation, among others. Mental health nurses including physicians and dental professionals should be involved in the oral health care of mental health disorder patients. Therefore, multidisciplinary should be involved in the care of mental health disorders, and they should consider oral health care as an essential part of their care for patients with mental health disorders. Future investigations should strive to elucidate the exact biological relationships, to develop new directions for treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Erling Skallevold
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Natthamet Wongsirichat
- Faculty of Dentistry, Bangkok Thonburi University, 16/10 Taweewatana, Bangkok, 10170, Thailand
| | - Dinesh Rokaya
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Walailak University International College of Dentistry, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ben Gassem AA, Aldweesh AH, Alsagob EI, Alanazi AM, Hafiz AM, Aljohani RS, Kurdi YE, Abu Hammad O. Psychosocial Impact of Malocclusion and Self-Perceived Orthodontic Treatment Need among Young Adult Dental Patients. Eur J Dent 2023; 17:713-719. [PMID: 36075263 PMCID: PMC10569871 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1753452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the psychosocial impact of malocclusion and self-rated and clinician-rated orthodontic treatment need on young adult patients in the Western Province of Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen- to 30-year-old patients (n=355) attending a tertiary dental care facility were included. Three instruments were used for data collection: (1) Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetic Questionnaire (PIDAQ), (2) aesthetic component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN-AC), self-rated and clinician-rated, and (3) clinician-rated Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS Females were significantly more impacted than males on all domains with the exception of the dental self-consciousness domain. For both the self-rated and clinician-rated IOTN and the DAI, it was found that the more severe the malocclusion, the higher the impact on all domains except for the dental self-confidence domain, which showed that patients with mild malocclusions were more affected than those with moderate and severe malocclusions. Significant associations were observed between independent variables (age, sex, self-rated IOTN, and DAI) and total PIDAQ score. CONCLUSIONS Perceived psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics is directly related to severity of malocclusion (self-rated and clinician-rated) for all domains of the PIDAQ accept the DSC, and females showed higher psychosocial impact than males. Clinicians should consider the impact of malocclusion and certain demographic characteristics on the psychosocial well-being of an individual when determining the orthodontic treatment need.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afnan A. Ben Gassem
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aljazi H. Aldweesh
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Dental College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman I. Alsagob
- Preventive Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Arwa M. Hafiz
- College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahaf S. Aljohani
- College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yara E. Kurdi
- College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Abu Hammad
- School of Dentistry, University of Jordan and Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shahzad HB, Awais F, Kazmi F, Arshad AI, Manzar S, Rashid S, Zahra S, Ghafoor MK, Zahra B, Khan SR, Amir W Ahmad WM. Dental aesthetic related popularity and peer pressure, a survey of adolescents in Pakistan. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2023:ijamh-2023-0032. [PMID: 37145020 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2023-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Most research has focused on determining how popularity and peer pressure impact behaviours, rather than identifying a key feature such as dental aesthetics and studying its impacts in relation to popularity and peer pressure. METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted on a sample of 527 children from four schools located in Lahore, Pakistan. A 14-point questionnaire was developed, using existing measures of peer pressure, and popularity. The selected questions were modified to investigate the issues of dental aesthetics and integrated into the WHO oral health questionnaire for children. RESULTS More than 50 % of the participants indicated popularity issues regarding dental aesthetics. 63.5 % of the responses indicated an influence of relatives and friends, whereas 38 % responses reported of harassment and bullying at schools. Regression analysis shows that the females were 1.99 times more likely to get comments from relative or friends about their teeth and 2.17 times more likely to be bullied or harassed at school due to their teeth when compared to the males. Fathers with a higher education brought about higher popularity and peer pressure issues. Mothers with a higher education were less likely to cause popularity and peer pressure issues than mothers with a lower education. Popularity and peer pressure were both significantly related to higher dental visitation. CONCLUSIONS Popularity and peer pressure have a direct link to dental aesthetics in an individual and are impacted by gender, family relatives and parental influences. The area of popularity and peer pressure related to dental aesthetics can be targeted in health education programs to empower children to adopt better oral health behaviours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hazik B Shahzad
- Dental Public Health Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Rashid Latif Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Awais
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Rashid Latif Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Kazmi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Rashid Latif Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Anas Imran Arshad
- Paediatric Dentistry Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Rashid Latif Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saadia Manzar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rashid Latif Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahrayne Rashid
- Department of Oral Pathology, Rashid Latif Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | | | - Wan Muhamad Amir W Ahmad
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Conceição KLO, Soares KDA, Bragança RMD, Correa MB, Moraes RR, Faria-E-Silva AL. Prevalence of lectures about dental esthetics and female speakers in three Brazilian conferences. Braz Dent J 2023; 34:101-110. [PMID: 37466517 PMCID: PMC10355261 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202305349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This study analyzed the prevalence of lectures involving esthetics in the scientific program of Brazilian dental conferences and the gender distribution of speakers. All lectures presented in three dental conferences (Bahia, São Paulo, and Goiás states) held from 2016 to 2020 were evaluated. Three investigators individually divided the lectures according to the specialties recognized by the Brazilian Federal Council of Dentistry (FCD) based on their titles. The lectures were also classified as involving or not esthetics, and the speaker`s gender was recorded. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed, and Chi-square tests assessed possible associations between factors. The words most cited in the titles of the lectures were "esthetic" (13.6%), "dentistry" (9.9%), and "treatment" (8.1%). Oral diseases were barely mentioned in the titles (up to 1.3%). The highest number of lectures was observed for the specialty of Restorative Dentistry (22.3%), followed by Prosthodontics (18.5%). Approximately one-third of lectures involved some aesthetic aspect, but this percentage ranged from 71.9 to 78.6% for the two specialties with more lectures. Regarding the speaker`s gender, the inequity was higher for lectures involving esthetics (81.6% of males) than for topics unrelated to esthetics (66.7%). More male speakers than females were observed for all specialties. The highest gender gap was observed for Pediatric Dentistry with 62.4% male speakers, although only 10.6% of FCD registered specialists were men. In conclusion, the Brazilian dental conferences analyzed seemed to favor offering lectures dealing with esthetic topics and male speakers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marcos Britto Correa
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Rafael Ratto Moraes
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ghazi OM, Alhashimi AH, Jasim GM. Assessment of the psychological impact of dental aesthetics among undergraduate university students in Iraq. J Orthod Sci 2023; 12:34. [PMID: 37351386 PMCID: PMC10282551 DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_110_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to assess Iraqi university students' oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) according to sociodemographic variables and compare dental and non-dental students. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out for students in multiple Iraqi universities from June 15, 2022, to July 15, 2022. A total of 771 individuals participated in the study using an online questionnaire. A pre-tested and validated Arabic version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) was adopted as an evaluation tool. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Reliability analysis was conducted using Cronbach's alpha. RESULT Cronbach's alpha score for the overall scales was 0.942, indicating excellent internal consistency. There were 69.8% (n = 538) dental students in the total sample. A significant difference was found between dental and non-dental students in the total PIDAQ scores and other subscale domains (P < 0.05). Statistically significant differences in means were also noted in the residency (P = 0.005) and household income of students (P = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS This study shows the reliability of the PIDAQ scale for assessing the psychological impact of dental aesthetics on undergraduate Iraqis. It was found that the perception of OHRQoL varies between dental and non-dental university students, and according to socioeconomic status and residency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osama Mohammed Ghazi
- Department of Conservative Therapy, College of Dentistry, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
| | | | - Ghassan Majid Jasim
- Department of Conservative Therapy, College of Dentistry, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|