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Chen MY, He F, Rao WW, Qi Y, Rao SY, Ho TI, Su Z, Cheung T, Smith RD, Ng CH, Zheng Y, Xiang YT. The network structures of mental and behavioral problems among children and adolescents in China using propensity score matching: A comparison between one-child and multi-child families based on a nationwide survey. J Affect Disord 2024; 360:206-213. [PMID: 38797390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exploring networks of mental and behavioral problems in children and adolescents may identify differences between one-child and multi-child families. This study compared the network structures of mental and behavioral problems in children and adolescents in one-child families versus multi-child families based on a nationwide survey. METHODS Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to match children and adolescents from one-child families with those from multi-child families. Mental and behavioral problems were assessed using the Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) with eight syndromal subscales. In the network analysis, strength centrality index was used to estimate central symptoms, and case-dropping bootstrap method was used to assess network stability. RESULTS The study included 39,648 children and adolescents (19,824 from one-child families and 19,824 from multi-child families). Children and adolescents from multi-child families exhibited different network structure and higher global strength compared to those from one-child families. In one-child families, the most central symptoms were "Social problems", "Anxious/depressed" and "Withdrawn/depressed", while in multi-child families, the most central symptoms were "Social problems", "Rule-breaking behavior" and "Anxious/depressed". CONCLUSION Differences in mental and behavioral problems among children and adolescents between one-child and multi-child families were found. To address these problems, interventions targeting "Social problems" and "Anxious/depressed" symptoms should be developed for children and adolescents in both one-child and multi-child families, while other interventions targeting "Withdrawn/depressed" and "Rule-breaking behavior" symptoms could be useful for those in one-child and multi-child families, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yi Chen
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Fan He
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Wang Rao
- Department of Preventive Medicine,Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guandong province, China
| | - Yanjie Qi
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Ying Rao
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Tin-Ian Ho
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Zhaohui Su
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Teris Cheung
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Robert D Smith
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Chee H Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, The Melbourne Clinic and St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Richmond, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Yi Zheng
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
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Ge LF, Wu RY, Zhong BL. Elevated levels of loneliness in migrant children compared to nonmigrant children in urban China: a systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2024; 37:162-171. [PMID: 38415713 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW About one in four children in China is a migrant child. This population has a higher risk of experiencing loneliness. However, existing studies present conflicting findings regarding the levels of loneliness among migrant children as compared to local urban children in urban China. This review performs a meta-analysis of studies comparing loneliness levels between these two groups. RECENT FINDINGS A literature search of major Chinese- and English-language databases revealed 27 eligible comparative studies. These studies reported the means and standardized deviations of loneliness scores for both migrant and nonmigrant children in urban China. Meta-analysis results showed that migrant children experienced significantly higher levels of loneliness than their urban nonmigrant counterparts [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.21, P < 0.001]. Subgroup analysis revealed that studies enrolling migrant children from migrant children's schools had significantly higher pooled SMDs than those enrolling children from public schools (0.346 vs. 0.120, P = 0.047). SUMMARY Migrant children in urban China experience higher levels of loneliness compared to their local urban peers. Efforts to create a socially inclusive, migrant-friendly environment and reduce social isolation among migrant children are crucial to help alleviate their feelings of loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Feng Ge
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology
| | - Rui-Yao Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology
| | - Bao-Liang Zhong
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Yu H, Alizadeh F. Online Binge-Watching Among Chinese College Students: Implications for Loneliness, Anxiety, and Depression. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:295-303. [PMID: 38292254 PMCID: PMC10826546 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s447311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate binge-watching behavior and addiction among a sample of 446 Chinese college students and assess its consequences for mental health, with a particular focus on feelings of loneliness, anxiety, and depression. Participants and Methods We conducted an online survey to gather data, examining participants' binge-watching habits and preferred platforms. We also utilized regression analysis to assess the impact of binge-watching addiction on mental health, exploring the associations between binge-watching addiction and feelings of loneliness, anxiety, and depression. Results Our findings revealed that the Chinese college students in our study typically defined binge-watching sessions as lasting approximately 7.22 hours, with an average of 10.83 episodes. Regarding the self-assessment of binge-watching, the average duration of participants was 5.76 hours, and the average number of episodes was 7.42. Tencent Video, iQIYI, and Bilibili emerged as the dominant platforms for binge-watching among the respondents. Regression analysis demonstrated a significant link between binge-watching addiction and mental health, with positive associations observed between binge-watching addiction and increased feelings of loneliness, anxiety, and depression. Conclusion The results of this study reinforce previous findings regarding the detrimental effects of excessive media consumption on mental well-being. Moreover, they provide valuable insights into the global prevalence of binge-watching and its impact on the psychological health of young adults in the digital age, emphasizing the need for proactive measures to address this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Yu
- Faculty of Creative Arts, University of Malaya (UM), Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Farideh Alizadeh
- Drama Department, Faculty of Creative Arts, University of Malaya (UM), Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
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Chen P, Sun HL, Li DH, Feng Y, Su Z, Cheung T, Cui XL, Ungvari GS, Jackson T, An FR, Xiang YT. A comparison of psychiatric symptoms between mental health professionals with and without post-infection sequelae of COVID-19. Psychiatry Res 2024; 331:115631. [PMID: 38101073 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Post-infection sequelae of COVID-19 (PISC) have raised public health concerns. However, it is not clear whether infected mental health professionals (MHPs) with PISC have experienced more psychiatric symptoms than MHPs without PISC do. This study examined differences in the prevalence of self-reported depression, anxiety, insomnia and suicidality as well as the network structures of these symptoms between these two groups. Participants completed questionnaire measures of psychiatric symptoms and demographics. Expected influence was used to measure centrality of symptoms and network comparison tests were adopted to compare differences in the two network models. The sample comprised 2,596 participants without PISC and 2,573 matched participants with PISC. MHPs with PISC had comparatively higher symptom levels related to depression (55.2% vs. 23.5 %), anxiety (32.0% vs. 14.9 %), insomnia (43.3% vs. 17.3 %), and suicidality (9.6% vs. 5.3 %). PHQ4 ("Fatigue"), PHQ6 ("Guilt"), and GAD2 ("Uncontrollable Worrying") were the most central symptoms in the "without PISC" network model. Conversely, GAD3 ("Worry too much"), GAD5 ("Restlessness"), and GAD4 ("Trouble relaxing") were more central in the "with PISC" network model. In sum, MHPs with PISC experienced comparatively more psychiatric symptoms and related disturbances. Network results provide foundations for the expectation that MHPs with PISC may benefit from interventions that address anxiety-related symptoms, while those without PISC may benefit from interventions targeting depression-related symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Chen
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - He-Li Sun
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - De-Hui Li
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohui Su
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Teris Cheung
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xi-Ling Cui
- Department of Business Administration, Hong Kong Shue Yan University Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Gabor S Ungvari
- Section of Psychiatry, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia; Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Todd Jackson
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Feng-Rong An
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
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Xu Y, Wang J, Ma M. Adapting to Lockdown: Exploring Stress Coping Strategies on Short Video Social Media During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:5273-5287. [PMID: 38170068 PMCID: PMC10759421 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s441744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The study addresses a gap in research on media use during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on the overlooked role of short video social media platforms in stress management. It builds on transactional stress model and coping flexibility to advance the understanding of the strategy-situation fit, particularly the alignment of coping strategies with platform affordances. Methods Our study investigated the detailed use of short video platforms and coping strategies during the pandemic lockdown through an online survey of 1569 respondents conducted immediately after the lockdown. We characterized lockdown duration as a situational stressor attribute and explored variations in the coping process. Assessing changes in user behavior across the top four Chinese short video platforms, we examined anxiety induced by lockdown and the use of problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies. Results Significant changes in user behavior in response to lockdown-induced stress were observed. Structural model analyses reveal that people employed both coping strategies to manage heightened anxiety, primarily through increased viewing behavior over interaction behavior. Discussion The findings underscore the positive implications of short video platforms on individual well-being. This study argues for a deeper research focus on coping flexibility within the realm of social media, accompanied by a comprehensive assessment of platform user behavior. Future research should also consider the influence of algorithms on platform functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xu
- USC-SJTU Institute of Cultural and Creative Industry, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiahe Wang
- USC-SJTU Institute of Cultural and Creative Industry, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengyuan Ma
- USC-SJTU Institute of Cultural and Creative Industry, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
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Xu YM, Wang MF, Zhong BL. Both people living in the COVID-19 epicenter and those who have recently left are at a higher risk of loneliness. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21145. [PMID: 38036534 PMCID: PMC10689773 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
There is little empirical data on the heightened risk of loneliness among individuals residing in the COVID-19 epicenter or those who have recently left. This study compared the risk of loneliness in individuals residing in Wuhan, the COVID-19 epicenter in China, and those who had recently left during the initial outbreak period to those living in non-epicenter regions. During the COVID-19 outbreak in China in 2020, three samples were obtained using snowball sampling. The samples included 2882 epicenter residents, 1028 left residents, and 2963 non-epicenter residents. Loneliness was assessed using the six-item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, with a score of two or more indicating the presence of loneliness. 53.5% and 55.2% of epicenter and recently left residents, respectively, experienced loneliness, which was significantly higher than the 43.9% observed in non-epicenter residents. After adjusting for covariates, the risk of loneliness remained statistically significant for both epicenter and left residents (OR = 1.35, P < 0.001 and OR = 1.20, P = 0.017, respectively), when compared to non-epicenter residents. Individuals residing in the COVID-19 epicenter, as well as those who have recently left, are at a heightened risk of loneliness during the outbreak. These individuals need psychosocial support to mitigate their risk of loneliness and promote their psychological wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Min Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Center for Psychological Consultation and Therapy, Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ming-Fang Wang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Liang Zhong
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
- Center for Psychological Consultation and Therapy, Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
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