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Cataño JC, Londoño N. A keloid-like tumour. Eur J Intern Med 2024; 120:116-117. [PMID: 38057246 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Cataño
- Infectious Diseases Section, University of Antioquia Medical School, Cataño JC. Calle 15 Sur # 48-130, Medellin, Colombia.
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2
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Suárez JA, Cerrud B, Pachar M, Patiño LH, Reidy J, Chace A, Chen-Camaño R, Alvarado-Barría D, Nakadar MZ, Ramirez JD, Paniz-Mondolfi A. Human Lobomycosis Caused by Paracoccidioides (Lacazia) loboi, Panama, 2022. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 29:2513-2517. [PMID: 37987584 PMCID: PMC10683804 DOI: 10.3201/eid2912.231092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a patient from Panama who had lobomycosis caused by Paracoccidioides (Lacazia) loboi. We used combined clinical-epidemiologic and phylogenetic data, including a new gene sequence dataset on this fungus in Panama, for analysis. Findings contribute useful insights to limited knowledge of this fungal infection in the Mesoamerican Biologic Corridor.
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Grotta G, Couppie P, Demar M, Drak Alsibai K, Blaizot R. Fungal Density in Lobomycosis in French Guiana: A Proposal for a New Clinico-Histological and Therapeutic Classification. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1005. [PMID: 37888260 PMCID: PMC10608060 DOI: 10.3390/jof9101005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lobomycosis is a rare cutaneous tropical neglected disease caused by the fungal agent Lacazia loboi, recently renamed Paracoccidioides lobogeorgii. Our objectives were to present all cases of lobomycosis diagnosed in French Guiana, to offer a precise description of their histopathological features and to propose a new clinico-histological prognostic classification. METHODS All cases of lobomycosis diagnosed in French Guiana between 1959 and 2022 were included. We looked for associations between the occurrence of relapses and the clinic-histological form. RESULTS 31 patients diagnosed with lobomycosis were included. An epidemiological shift was observed in the 2000s as Brazilian patients became the most important ethnic group. Gold mining, forestry and fishing/sailing were reported as professional exposures. New histological features, such as inflammatory "rosettes" formations were described. We describe two clinic-histological patterns: a major form (high fungal density and/or multifocal lesions) and a minor form (low fungal density, unifocal lesions, association with fewer relapses). CONCLUSIONS The changing epidemiology of lobomycosis in French Guiana is characterized by a shift towards Brazilian patients, mostly gold miners. Minor forms should be treated with surgery, major forms with a combination of surgery followed by nultiple drug therapy (MDT) or posaconazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Grotta
- Dermatology Department, Cayenne Hospital, Cayenne 97306, French Guiana; (G.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Pierre Couppie
- Dermatology Department, Cayenne Hospital, Cayenne 97306, French Guiana; (G.G.); (P.C.)
- UMR TBIP Tropical Biomes and Immunophysiopathology, University of French Guiana, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana;
| | - Magalie Demar
- UMR TBIP Tropical Biomes and Immunophysiopathology, University of French Guiana, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana;
- Parasitology Department, Cayenne Hospital, Cayenne 97306, French Guiana
| | - Kinan Drak Alsibai
- Histopathology Department, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne 97306, French Guiana;
| | - Romain Blaizot
- Dermatology Department, Cayenne Hospital, Cayenne 97306, French Guiana; (G.G.); (P.C.)
- UMR TBIP Tropical Biomes and Immunophysiopathology, University of French Guiana, Cayenne 97300, French Guiana;
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Chavan SS, Chandrashekhar TN. Lobomycosis in a Post-Covid 19 Patient: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Turk Patoloji Derg 2023; 39:206-211. [PMID: 37218667 PMCID: PMC10521202 DOI: 10.5146/tjpath.2023.01604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To document a case of lobomycosis and to discuss its epidemiology & diagnosis. CASE REPORT A 53-year-old male presented with a history of nasal congestion, nasal discharge, and epistaxis following Covid 19 infection. On physical examination, there was necrotic slough in the nasal vestibule near the inferior turbinate. Scrapings and punch biopsy were taken from the lesion. Hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections showed necrotic and mucoid areas with mixed inflammatory cell infiltration and numerous budding yeasts 3- 7μm diameter in singles, and small clusters with single narrow based budding as well as multiple budding including sequential budding forming "chains of yeasts". A diagnosis of Lobomycosis was made. Yeasts of lobomycosis are often confused with other yeasts such as P. brasiliensis, Candida spp., B. dermatitidis, and Cryptococci, but characteristic 'sequential budding' with a 'chain of yeasts" aid in the final diagnosis. Demonstration of yeasts with characteristic chains either in tissue sections or in potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation of scraped material, exudate, or exfoliative cytology is the mainstay in the diagnosis as the organisms are uncultivable in vitro in culture medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sateesh S Chavan
- Departments of Pathology, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Karnataka, India
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Gonçalves FG, Rosa PS, Belone ADFF, Carneiro LB, de Barros VLQ, Bispo RF, Sbardelott YADS, Neves SAVM, Vittor AY, Woods WJ, Laporta GZ. Lobomycosis Epidemiology and Management: The Quest for a Cure for the Most Neglected of Neglected Tropical Diseases. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8050494. [PMID: 35628750 PMCID: PMC9144079 DOI: 10.3390/jof8050494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Lobomycosis is a chronic disease caused by Lacazia loboi, which is endemic to the Amazon rainforest, where it affects forest dwellers in Brazil. There is no disease control program and no official therapeutic protocol. This situation contributes to an unknown disease prevalence and unmet needs of people disabled by this disease who seek access to treatment. This review provides an update on the subject with an emphasis on therapeutic advances in humans. All relevant studies that addressed epidemiology, diagnosis, or therapeutics of lobomycosis were considered. Seventy-one articles published between 1931 and 2021 were included for a narrative literature review on the epidemiology and quest for a cure. An effective therapy for lobomycosis has been found following decades of research led by the State Dermatology Program of Acre in the Amazon rainforest, where the largest number of cases occur. This discovery opened new avenues for future studies. The main recommendations here, addressed to the Brazilian Ministry of Health, are for lobomycosis to become a reportable disease to ensure that disease prevalence is measured, and that it be prioritized such that affected individuals may access treatment free-of-charge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciely G. Gonçalves
- Graduate Research and Innovation Program, Centro Universitario FMABC, Santo André 09060-870, SP, Brazil;
- Research Lab at Centro Universitario UNINORTE, Rio Branco 69915-901, AC, Brazil
- State Dermatology Program of Acre, Secretariat of Health in the State of Acre (SESACRE), Rio Branco 69917-650, AC, Brazil; (L.B.C.); (V.L.Q.d.B.); (R.F.B.); (Y.A.d.S.S.); (W.J.W.)
| | - Patrícia S. Rosa
- Division of Research, Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, Bauru 17034-971, AP, Brazil; (P.S.R.); (A.d.F.F.B.)
| | - Andrea de F. F. Belone
- Division of Research, Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, Bauru 17034-971, AP, Brazil; (P.S.R.); (A.d.F.F.B.)
| | - Léia B. Carneiro
- State Dermatology Program of Acre, Secretariat of Health in the State of Acre (SESACRE), Rio Branco 69917-650, AC, Brazil; (L.B.C.); (V.L.Q.d.B.); (R.F.B.); (Y.A.d.S.S.); (W.J.W.)
| | - Vania L. Q. de Barros
- State Dermatology Program of Acre, Secretariat of Health in the State of Acre (SESACRE), Rio Branco 69917-650, AC, Brazil; (L.B.C.); (V.L.Q.d.B.); (R.F.B.); (Y.A.d.S.S.); (W.J.W.)
| | - Rosineide F. Bispo
- State Dermatology Program of Acre, Secretariat of Health in the State of Acre (SESACRE), Rio Branco 69917-650, AC, Brazil; (L.B.C.); (V.L.Q.d.B.); (R.F.B.); (Y.A.d.S.S.); (W.J.W.)
| | - Yally A. da S. Sbardelott
- State Dermatology Program of Acre, Secretariat of Health in the State of Acre (SESACRE), Rio Branco 69917-650, AC, Brazil; (L.B.C.); (V.L.Q.d.B.); (R.F.B.); (Y.A.d.S.S.); (W.J.W.)
| | | | - Amy Y. Vittor
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - William J. Woods
- State Dermatology Program of Acre, Secretariat of Health in the State of Acre (SESACRE), Rio Branco 69917-650, AC, Brazil; (L.B.C.); (V.L.Q.d.B.); (R.F.B.); (Y.A.d.S.S.); (W.J.W.)
| | - Gabriel Z. Laporta
- Graduate Research and Innovation Program, Centro Universitario FMABC, Santo André 09060-870, SP, Brazil;
- Correspondence:
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Bhatia M, Kak V, Patel P, Slota A. Thinking Beyond Bacterial Infection: A Case of Cutaneous Blastomycosis. Cureus 2022; 14:e21634. [PMID: 35233312 PMCID: PMC8881278 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Blastomycosis is caused by Blastomyces dermatitidis, a dimorphic fungus that primarily causes pulmonary disease. Cutaneous blastomycosis is infrequent and tends to be misdiagnosed given its similar presentation to other cutaneous fungal infections and malignancies. A 51-year-old woman presented with a two-month history of disfiguring nasal lesions. The patient had a past medical history of cervical cancer which was currently in remission. Social history was significant for frequent travel throughout the United States as a truck driver, including the Midwest. The patient had a non-purulent verrucous plaque on her right nare, which was painless and mildly pruritic. Superficial cultures grew Enterococcus faecalis, prompting treatment with oral cephalexin and topical mupirocin. Given no relief, the patient was started on clindamycin followed by Augmentin. Both treatments were unsuccessful. The lesion was then biopsied and fungal cultures were sent. The biopsy showed broad-based budding yeast surrounded by pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia, and cultures grew Blastomyces dermatitidis. The patient was initiated on 200 mg itraconazole thrice daily for the first three days, followed by 200 mg itraconazole twice daily for the next 12 months. She showed notable improvement within a month. This patient was initially misdiagnosed with bacterial infection due to superficial cultures, which were likely a contaminant. It was only after a biopsy that the patient was accurately diagnosed. Besides bacterial infection, cutaneous blastomycosis is often confused with coccidioidomycosis, mycobacterial infection, or squamous cell carcinoma. In patients such as ours who are presenting with persistent facial lesions in the setting of frequent travel history, fungal etiologies should be high on the differential. A biopsy and fungal cultures should be sent at the outset for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
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Adegboye O, Field MA, Kupz A, Pai S, Sharma D, Smout MJ, Wangchuk P, Wong Y, Loiseau C. Natural-Product-Based Solutions for Tropical Infectious Diseases. Clin Microbiol Rev 2021; 34:e0034820. [PMID: 34494873 PMCID: PMC8673330 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00348-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
About half of the world's population and 80% of the world's biodiversity can be found in the tropics. Many diseases are specific to the tropics, with at least 41 diseases caused by endemic bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi. Such diseases are of increasing concern, as the geographic range of tropical diseases is expanding due to climate change, urbanization, change in agricultural practices, deforestation, and loss of biodiversity. While traditional medicines have been used for centuries in the treatment of tropical diseases, the active natural compounds within these medicines remain largely unknown. In this review, we describe infectious diseases specific to the tropics, including their causative pathogens, modes of transmission, recent major outbreaks, and geographic locations. We further review current treatments for these tropical diseases, carefully consider the biodiscovery potential of the tropical biome, and discuss a range of technologies being used for drug development from natural resources. We provide a list of natural products with antimicrobial activity, detailing the source organisms and their effectiveness as treatment. We discuss how technological advancements, such as next-generation sequencing, are driving high-throughput natural product screening pipelines to identify compounds with therapeutic properties. This review demonstrates the impact natural products from the vast tropical biome have in the treatment of tropical infectious diseases and how high-throughput technical capacity will accelerate this discovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyelola Adegboye
- Public Health and Tropical Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vector-Borne and Neglected Tropical Diseases, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Matt A. Field
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
- Garvin Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Andreas Kupz
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Saparna Pai
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Dileep Sharma
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
- College of Medicine & Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael J. Smout
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Phurpa Wangchuk
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Yide Wong
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Claire Loiseau
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
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8
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Gnat S, Łagowski D, Nowakiewicz A, Dyląg M. A global view on fungal infections in humans and animals: infections caused by dimorphic fungi and dermatophytoses. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:2688-2704. [PMID: 33754409 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Fungal infections are still underappreciated and their prevalence is underestimated, which renders them a serious public health problem. Realistic discussions about their distribution, symptoms, and control can improve management and diagnosis and contribute to refinement of preventive actions using currently available tools. This article represents an overview of dermatophytes and endemic fungi that cause infections in humans and animals. In addition, the impact of climate change on the fungal spread is discussed. The endemic fungal infections characterized in this article include coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, lobomycosis, emergomycosis and sporotrichosis. Moreover the geographic distribution of these fungi, which are known to be climate sensitive and/or limited to endemic tropical and subtropical areas, is highlighted. In turn, dermatophytes cause superficial fungal infections of skin, hairs and nails, which are the most prevalent mycoses worldwide with a high economic burden. Therefore, the possibility of causing zoonoses and reverse zoonoses by dermatophytes is highly important. In conclusion, the article illustrates the current issues of the epidemiology and distribution of fungal diseases, emphasizing the lack of public programmes for prevention and control of these types of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gnat
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Institute of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | - D Łagowski
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Institute of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | - A Nowakiewicz
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Institute of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | - M Dyląg
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Mycology and Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
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Tirado-Sánchez A, Franco-Paredes C, Bonifaz A. Subcutaneous Mycoses in Travelers. CURRENT TROPICAL MEDICINE REPORTS 2020; 7:141-152. [PMID: 35665217 PMCID: PMC9162435 DOI: 10.1007/s40475-020-00216-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review The increase in international travel in recent decades has contributed to the risk of acquiring diseases considered endemic to a region or country and the change in the epidemiology of these diseases. Endemic mycoses that may be acquired by travelers in the short or long term are endemic subcutaneous mycoses such as sporotrichosis and lobomycosis, while endemic systemic mycoses are a group of serious diseases including histoplasmosis and coccidioidomycosis. Herein, we review the current knowledge and highlight the most important aspects of these fungal infections in travelers. Recent Findings The most relevant advances in the study of these mycoses involve the epidemiological distribution; human mycoses can be fatal and there are few antifungal drugs available, increasing drug resistance, and a risk of emerging fungal diseases associated with climate change, as well as the increasing virulence, and the diagnostic strategies that may be limited in many countries. Summary Although endemic mycoses are relatively rare, they should be considered as potentially travel-related illnesses. A recent or late trip to an endemic country may guide the clinical suspicion, an early diagnosis, and the institution of effective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Tirado-Sánchez
- Dermatology Service & Micology Department, Hospital General de México “Dr Eduardo Liceaga”, Dr. Balmis 148, colonia Doctores, PZ: 06720 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Franco-Paredes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Anschutz Medical Center, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Instituto Nacional de Salud, Hospital Infantil de México, Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alexandro Bonifaz
- Dermatology Service & Micology Department, Hospital General de México “Dr Eduardo Liceaga”, Dr. Balmis 148, colonia Doctores, PZ: 06720 Mexico City, Mexico
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Gonçalves FG, Rosa PS, de Farias Fernandes Belone A, Carneiro LB, Queiroz de Barros VL, Bispo RF, Alves da Silva Sbardellott Y, Viana Macedo Neves SA, Vittor AY, Woods WJ, Laporta GZ. Multidrug Therapy for Leprosy Can Cure Patients with Lobomycosis in Acre State, Brazil: A Proof of Therapy Study. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 104:634-639. [PMID: 33200722 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Lobomycosis, also referred to as lacaziosis, is an endemic cutaneous and subcutaneous fungal disease that mainly affects Amazonian forest dwellers in Brazil. There is no disease control program in place in Brazil, and antifungal therapy failures are common, and the therapy is inaccessible to most patients. We performed a randomized, unblinded clinical trial testing the cure rate of multiple drug therapy (MDT) for leprosy with surgical excision, with or without itraconazole. A control arm consisted of patients who did not adhere to either therapeutic regimens but continued to be followed up. Multiple drug therapy consisted of monthly supervised doses of 600 mg rifampicin, 300 mg clofazimine, and 100 mg dapsone, in addition to daily doses of 50 mg clofazimine and 100 mg dapsone. The patients in the MDT plus itraconazole arm also received itraconazole 100 mg twice daily. We followed up 54 patients from the MDT group and 26 patients from the MDT plus itraconazole group for an average of 4 years and 9 months. The 23 controls were followed up for 6 months on average. The following endpoints were observed: 1) unchanged (no apparent improvement), 2) improved (reduction in lesion size and/or pruritus), and 3) cured (complete remission of the lesions, no viable fungi, and no relapse for 2 years after the end of the drug treatment). The results indicated a significantly greater likelihood of cure associated with the use of multidrug therapy for leprosy with or without itraconazole when compared with the control group. The addition of itraconazole to MDT was not associated with improved outcomes, suggesting that MDT alone is effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciely Gomes Gonçalves
- Serviço Estadual de Dermatologia do Acre, Programa Estadual de Dermatologia do Acre, Programa Estadual de Controle da Hanseníase (SESACRE), Rio Branco, Brazil.,Laboratório Pesquisa do Centro Universitário Uninorte (UNINORTE), Rio Branco, Brazil.,Setor de Pós-graduação, Pesquisa e Inovação, Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Fundação ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | | | | | - Léia Borges Carneiro
- Serviço Estadual de Dermatologia do Acre, Programa Estadual de Dermatologia do Acre, Programa Estadual de Controle da Hanseníase (SESACRE), Rio Branco, Brazil
| | - Vânia Lúcia Queiroz de Barros
- Serviço Estadual de Dermatologia do Acre, Programa Estadual de Dermatologia do Acre, Programa Estadual de Controle da Hanseníase (SESACRE), Rio Branco, Brazil
| | - Rosineide Ferreira Bispo
- Serviço Estadual de Dermatologia do Acre, Programa Estadual de Dermatologia do Acre, Programa Estadual de Controle da Hanseníase (SESACRE), Rio Branco, Brazil
| | - Yally Alves da Silva Sbardellott
- Serviço Estadual de Dermatologia do Acre, Programa Estadual de Dermatologia do Acre, Programa Estadual de Controle da Hanseníase (SESACRE), Rio Branco, Brazil
| | | | - Amy Y Vittor
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - William John Woods
- Serviço Estadual de Dermatologia do Acre, Programa Estadual de Dermatologia do Acre, Programa Estadual de Controle da Hanseníase (SESACRE), Rio Branco, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Zorello Laporta
- Setor de Pós-graduação, Pesquisa e Inovação, Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Fundação ABC, Santo André, Brazil
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11
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Sarmiento-Lacera L, Torres-Fernández O, Rivera JA, Rodríguez-Toro G. Comparative effect of osmium tetroxide and ruthenium tetroxide on Lacazia loboi ultrastructure. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 84:789-795. [PMID: 33176034 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Lobomycosis is a skin infection produced by the fungus Lacazia loboi, which mainly affects some indigenous and afro-descendant populations in Tropical America. We previously reported the comparative effect of osmium tetroxide (OsO4 ) and ruthenium tetroxide (RuO4 ) in the electron microscopy (EM) of other related microorganisms. The objective of this study is to compare the effect of postfixation with OsO4 and RuO4 in the ultrastructure of L. loboi yeasts. Skin biopsies on patients diagnosed with lobomycosis were fixed in glutaraldehyde at 3% and postfixed in the following solutions: (a) 1% OsO4 , (b) 0.2% RuO4 , and (c) OsO4 at 1% followed by RuO4 at 0.2%. They were then processed using the conventional method for EM. Unlike OsO4, the treatment with RuO4 revealed different shades of gray and electron dense bands in the cell wall and other cell components of L. loboi. The most notable finding was the presence of radial filamentous structures around the yeast, which made the image look like the sun. Postfixation with RuO4 revealed ultrastructural details that had not been previously reported for L loboi. The combined use of OsO4 and RuO4 in EM of microorganisms with cell walls can be useful to evaluate the effect of microbicide substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladys Sarmiento-Lacera
- Grupo de Morfología Celular, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Orlando Torres-Fernández
- Grupo de Morfología Celular, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jorge A Rivera
- Grupo de Morfología Celular, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Gerzaín Rodríguez-Toro
- Grupo de Morfología Celular, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Sabana, Bogotá, Colombia
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12
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Florian MC, Rodrigues DA, de Mendonça SBM, Colombo AL, Tomimori J. Epidemiologic and Clinical Progression of Lobomycosis among Kaiabi Indians, Brazil, 1965-2019. Emerg Infect Dis 2020; 26:930-936. [PMID: 32310067 PMCID: PMC7181903 DOI: 10.3201/eid2605.190958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lobomycosis is a rare granulomatous skin disease with a high prevalence in the Amazon region. The Kaiabi Indians are an especially affected group. We studied the current epidemiologic and clinical progression of lobomycosis among the Kaiabi in Brazil, from initial case reports in 1965 through 2019. A total of 60 lobomycosis cases had been reported among the Kaiabi, and we identified 3 new cases in our review. Of 550 cases of lobomycosis ever reported worldwide, 11.5% were among the Kaiabi. We note a high incidence among female Kaiabi and a precocious onset of disease in this indigenous population. Male Kaiabi frequently are infected with the multicentric form and women more frequently exhibit the localized form. Ulcerated lesions are observed more often in the multicentric form. The prevalence among this indigenous group could be explained by genetic susceptibility and lifestyle, which exposes them to a particular agent in the habitats in which they live.
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Abstract
Lobomycosis is a disease that is endemic to the Amazon rainforest and is caused by the still uncultured fungus Lacazia loboi. This disease occurs in loggers, farmers, miners, fishermen, and persons living near coastal rivers of this region. We report 6 soldiers in Colombia in whom lobomycosis developed after military service in the Amazon area. The patients had nodular and keloid-like lesions on the face, neck, trunk, and limbs. The duration of illness ranged from 2 years to 15 years. The initial diagnosis was leishmaniasis on the basis of clinical manifestations and direct smear results, but biopsies confirmed the final diagnosis of lobomycosis. Treatment with surgical excision, itraconazole and clofazimine was satisfactory. However, the follow-up time was short. Healthcare professionals responsible for the diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases need to be able to recognize the clinical signs of lobomycosis and differentiate them from those of cutaneous leishmaniasis.
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Heleine M, Blaizot R, Cissé H, Labaudinière A, Guerin M, Demar M, Blanchet D, Couppie P. A case of disseminated paracoccidioidomycosis associated with cutaneous lobomycosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 34:e18-e20. [PMID: 31407392 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Heleine
- Service de Dermatologie, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, France
| | - R Blaizot
- Service de Dermatologie, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, France.,EA 3593-EPaT Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologies Tropicales, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, France
| | - H Cissé
- Service de Dermatologie, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, France
| | - A Labaudinière
- Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, France
| | - M Guerin
- EA 3593-EPaT Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologies Tropicales, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, France.,Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, France
| | - M Demar
- EA 3593-EPaT Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologies Tropicales, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, France.,Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, France
| | - D Blanchet
- EA 3593-EPaT Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologies Tropicales, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, France.,Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, France
| | - P Couppie
- Service de Dermatologie, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, France.,EA 3593-EPaT Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologies Tropicales, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, France
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15
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Rajabi-Estarabadi A, Iglesia S, Griggs JW, Gurnani P, Smith SC, Collins CI, Nouri K. Cells to Surgery Quiz: April 2018. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:e37. [PMID: 29579460 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rajabi-Estarabadi
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Sofia Iglesia
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Jacob W Griggs
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Pooja Gurnani
- Florida International University Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Samuel C Smith
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Cassandra If Collins
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Keyvan Nouri
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
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16
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Singla P, Dietert JB, Hurst EA. Cells to Surgery Quiz: January 2018. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 138:e11. [PMID: 29273151 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parteek Singla
- Division of Dermatology, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jessica B Dietert
- Division of Dermatology, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eva A Hurst
- Division of Dermatology, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
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17
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Beltrame A, Danesi P, Farina C, Orza P, Perandin F, Zanardello C, Rodari P, Staffolani S, Bisoffi Z. Case Report: Molecular Confirmation of Lobomycosis in an Italian Traveler Acquired in the Amazon Region of Venezuela. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2017; 97:1757-1760. [PMID: 29016315 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Lobomycosis is a chronic skin mycosis endemic in Amazon regions characterized by chronic nodular or keloidal lesions caused by Lacazia loboi, an uncultivable fungus. Imported cases in nonendemic countries are rare and diagnosed after years. We describe a case of lobomycosis in a healthy 55-year-old Italian traveler who had acquired the infection during 5-day-honeymoon in the Amazon region of Venezuela in 1999. Several weeks after return, he recalled pruritus and papular skin lesions on the left lower limb, subsequently evolving to a plaque-like lesion. Blastomycosis and cryptococcosis were hypothesized based on microscopic morphology of yeast-like bodies found in three consecutive biopsies, although fungal cultures were always negative. In 2016, exfoliative cytology and a biopsy specimen examination showed round yeast-like organisms (6-12 μm), isolated or in a chain, connected by short tubular projections fulfilling the morphologic diagnostic criteria of Lacazia spp. The microscopic diagnosis was confirmed by molecular identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Beltrame
- Centre for Tropical Diseases, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona, Italy
| | - Patrizia Danesi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Claudio Farina
- Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, UOC Microbiologia e Virologia, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Pierantonio Orza
- Centre for Tropical Diseases, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesca Perandin
- Centre for Tropical Diseases, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Paola Rodari
- Centre for Tropical Diseases, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Staffolani
- Centre for Tropical Diseases, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona, Italy
| | - Zeno Bisoffi
- Centre for Tropical Diseases, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona, Italy
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18
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Ramírez Soto MC, Malaga G. Subcutaneous mycoses in Peru: a systematic review and meta-analysis for the burden of disease. Int J Dermatol 2017; 56:1037-1045. [PMID: 28670680 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a worrying lack of epidemiological data on the geographical distribution and burden of subcutaneous mycoses in Peru, hindering the implementation of surveillance and control programs. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to estimate the disease burden of subcutaneous mycoses in Peru and identify which fungal species were commonly associated with these mycoses. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis after a systematic review of the published literature in PubMed, LILACS, and SciELO to estimate the burden of subcutaneous mycoses in 25 regions in Peru. The disease burden was determined in terms of prevalence (number of cases per 100,000 inhabitants) and the number of reported cases per year per region. RESULTS A total of 26 studies were eligible for inclusion. Results showed that sporotrichosis was the most common subcutaneous mycosis (99.7%), whereas lobomycosis, chromoblastomycosis, and subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis were rare. Cases of eumycetoma and subcutaneous zygomycosis were not found. Of the 25 regions, the burden of sporotrichosis was estimated for four regions classified as endemic; in nine regions, only isolated cases were reported. The highest burden of sporotrichosis was in Apurimac (15 cases/100,000 inhabitants; 57 cases/year), followed by Cajamarca (3/100,000 inhabitants; 30/year), Cusco (0.5/100,000 inhabitants; 4/year), and La Libertad (0.2/100,000 inhabitants; 2/year). In two regions, the mycoses predominantly affected children. CONCLUSIONS Sporotrichosis is the most common subcutaneous mycosis in Peru, with a high disease burden in Apurimac. Chromoblastomycosis, lobomycosis, and subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis are rare mycoses in Peru.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - German Malaga
- Medicine School, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
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19
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Cabrera-Salom C, González LF, Rolón M, Sánchez BF. Keloids on the ears. Int J Dermatol 2017; 56:819-821. [PMID: 28321844 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Cabrera-Salom
- Dermatology program, El Bosque University, Bogotá, Colombia.,Dermatology service, Simón Bolívar Hospital, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luis F González
- Dermatology program, El Bosque University, Bogotá, Colombia.,Dermatology service, Simón Bolívar Hospital, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mariam Rolón
- Dermatopathology service, Simón Bolívar Hospital, Bogotá, Colombia
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20
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Cancer et mycoses et revue de la littérature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 110:80-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s13149-017-0543-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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21
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Alexandre AF, Quaresma JAS, Barboza TC, de Brito AC, Xavier MB, de Oliveira CMM, Unger DAA, Kanashiro-Galo L, Sotto MN, Duarte MIS, Pagliari C. The cytotoxic T cells may contribute to the in situ immune response in Jorge Lobo's Disease human lesions. Med Mycol 2017; 55:145-149. [PMID: 27562863 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myw059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Jorge Lobo's Disease (JLD) is a cutaneous chronic granulomatous disease caused by the pathogenic fungus Lacazia loboi. It is characterized by a granulomatous reaction with multinucleated giant cells and high number of fungal cells. In order to contribute to the comprehension of immune mechanisms in JLD human lesions, we studied the cytotoxic immune response, focusing on TCD8+ and NK cells, and granzyme B. Forty skin biopsies of lower limbs were selected and an immunohistochemistry protocol was developed to detect CD8+ T cells, NK cells and Granzyme B. In order to compare the cellular populations, we also performed a protocol to visualize TCD4+ cells. Immunolabeled cells were quantified in nine randomized fields in the dermis. Lesions were characterized by inflammatory infiltrate of macrophages, lymphocytes, epithelioid and multinucleated giant cells with intense number of fungal forms. There was a prevalence of CD8 over CD4 cells, followed by NK cells. Our results suggest that in JLD the cytotoxic immune response could represent another important mechanism to control Lacazia loboi infection. We may suggest that, although CD4+ T cells are essential for host defense in JLD, CD8+ T cells could play a role in the elimination of the fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Fernandes Alexandre
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Patologia.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde/Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual
| | | | - Tânia Cristina Barboza
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Patologia.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde/Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carla Pagliari
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Patologia .,Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde/Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual
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22
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Van Bressem MF, Simões-Lopes PC, Félix F, Kiszka JJ, Daura-Jorge FG, Avila IC, Secchi ER, Flach L, Fruet PF, du Toit K, Ott PH, Elwen S, Di Giacomo AB, Wagner J, Banks A, Van Waerebeek K. Epidemiology of lobomycosis-like disease in bottlenose dolphins Tursiops spp. from South America and southern Africa. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2015; 117:59-75. [PMID: 26575156 DOI: 10.3354/dao02932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report on the epidemiology of lobomycosis-like disease (LLD), a cutaneous disorder evoking lobomycosis, in 658 common bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus from South America and 94 Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins T. aduncus from southern Africa. Photographs and stranding records of 387 inshore residents, 60 inshore non-residents and 305 specimens of undetermined origin (inshore and offshore) were examined for the presence of LLD lesions from 2004 to 2015. Seventeen residents, 3 non-residents and 1 inshore dolphin of unknown residence status were positive. LLD lesions appeared as single or multiple, light grey to whitish nodules and plaques that may ulcerate and increase in size over time. Among resident dolphins, prevalence varied significantly among 4 communities, being low in Posorja (2.35%, n = 85), Ecuador, and high in Salinas, Ecuador (16.7%, n = 18), and Laguna, Brazil (14.3%, n = 42). LLD prevalence increased in 36 T. truncatus from Laguna from 5.6% in 2007-2009 to 13.9% in 2013-2014, albeit not significantly. The disease has persisted for years in dolphins from Mayotte, Laguna, Salinas, the Sanquianga National Park and Bahía Málaga (Colombia) but vanished from the Tramandaí Estuary and the Mampituba River (Brazil). The geographical range of LLD has expanded in Brazil, South Africa and Ecuador, in areas that have been regularly surveyed for 10 to 35 yr. Two of the 21 LLD-affected dolphins were found dead with extensive lesions in southern Brazil, and 2 others disappeared, and presumably died, in Ecuador. These observations stress the need for targeted epidemiological, histological and molecular studies of LLD in dolphins, especially in the Southern Hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Françoise Van Bressem
- Cetacean Conservation Medicine Group (CMED), Peruvian Centre for Cetacean Research (CEPEC), Museo de Delfines, Pucusana, Peru
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Neglected fungal zoonoses: hidden threats to man and animals. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 21:416-25. [PMID: 25769429 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Zoonotic fungi can be naturally transmitted between animals and humans, and in some cases cause significant public health problems. A number of mycoses associated with zoonotic transmission are among the group of the most common fungal diseases, worldwide. It is, however, notable that some fungal diseases with zoonotic potential have lacked adequate attention in international public health efforts, leading to insufficient attention on their preventive strategies. This review aims to highlight some mycoses whose zoonotic potential received less attention, including infections caused by Talaromyces (Penicillium) marneffei, Lacazia loboi, Emmonsia spp., Basidiobolus ranarum, Conidiobolus spp. and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis.
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