1
|
Tikhonoff V, Casiglia E. Prognostic cardiovascular cut-off values of dietary caffeine in a cohort of unselected men and women from general population. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:2160-2168. [PMID: 37567788 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Among an unselected cohort of men and women from general population (n = 1.668), the prognostic effects of being over the cut-off of all-source dietary caffeine intake were studied. METHODS AND RESULTS Prognostic cut-off values for coronary events, incident heart failure (HF), cerebrovascular events (CBV) and arrhythmic events (ARR) were found by means of the receiver-operating-characteristic curves method. Those for HF (>230 mg/day), for CBV (>280 mg/day) and for ARR (>280 mg/day) were confirmed in multivariate Cox analysis adjusted for age, body mass index, circulating thyroid hormone, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, smoking, dietary intake of ethanol, basal heart rate, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, forced expiratory volume in 1 s and β-blocking therapy. Being over these cut-off values was associated to a reduced hazard ratio during the follow-up in the whole cohort (HR 0.678, 95%CI 0.567-0.908, p = 0.009 for HF; 0.651, 95%CI 0.428-0.994, p = 0.018 for CBV; 0.395, 95%CI 0.395-0.933, p = 0.022 for ARR) and in men (0.652, 0.442-0.961, p = 0.029; 0.432, 0.201-0.927, p = 0.03; 0.553, 0.302-1.000, p = 0.05, respectively) but not in women. The caffeine-induced risk decrease observed in the whole cohort is therefore entirely attributable to men. In the case of HF, heart rate entered the risk equation in a positive manner without rejecting caffeine. The -163C>A polymorphism of the CYP1A2 gene, codifying for ability to metabolize caffeine, introduced in sensitivity analysis, did not alter the prognostic models. CONCLUSION Men introducing >230 mg/day caffeine show a reduced risk of HF, and those introducing >280 mg/day a reduced risk of CBV and ARR independent of genetic pattern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Tikhonoff
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Clinical Nutrition, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
| | - Edoardo Casiglia
- Department of Medicine, Studium Patavinum, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Elia A, Fossati S. Autonomic nervous system and cardiac neuro-signaling pathway modulation in cardiovascular disorders and Alzheimer's disease. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1060666. [PMID: 36798942 PMCID: PMC9926972 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1060666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The heart is a functional syncytium controlled by a delicate and sophisticated balance ensured by the tight coordination of its several cell subpopulations. Accordingly, cardiomyocytes together with the surrounding microenvironment participate in the heart tissue homeostasis. In the right atrium, the sinoatrial nodal cells regulate the cardiac impulse propagation through cardiomyocytes, thus ensuring the maintenance of the electric network in the heart tissue. Notably, the central nervous system (CNS) modulates the cardiac rhythm through the two limbs of the autonomic nervous system (ANS): the parasympathetic and sympathetic compartments. The autonomic nervous system exerts non-voluntary effects on different peripheral organs. The main neuromodulator of the Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) is norepinephrine, while the principal neurotransmitter of the Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS) is acetylcholine. Through these two main neurohormones, the ANS can gradually regulate cardiac, vascular, visceral, and glandular functions by turning on one of its two branches (adrenergic and/or cholinergic), which exert opposite effects on targeted organs. Besides these neuromodulators, the cardiac nervous system is ruled by specific neuropeptides (neurotrophic factors) that help to preserve innervation homeostasis through the myocardial layers (from epicardium to endocardium). Interestingly, the dysregulation of this neuro-signaling pathway may expose the cardiac tissue to severe disorders of different etiology and nature. Specifically, a maladaptive remodeling of the cardiac nervous system may culminate in a progressive loss of neurotrophins, thus leading to severe myocardial denervation, as observed in different cardiometabolic and neurodegenerative diseases (myocardial infarction, heart failure, Alzheimer's disease). This review analyzes the current knowledge on the pathophysiological processes involved in cardiac nervous system impairment from the perspectives of both cardiac disorders and a widely diffused and devastating neurodegenerative disorder, Alzheimer's disease, proposing a relationship between neurodegeneration, loss of neurotrophic factors, and cardiac nervous system impairment. This overview is conducive to a more comprehensive understanding of the process of cardiac neuro-signaling dysfunction, while bringing to light potential therapeutic scenarios to correct or delay the adverse cardiovascular remodeling, thus improving the cardiac prognosis and quality of life in patients with heart or neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen X, Qiu B, Zou Q, Qiu T, Li R, Truong A, Qi Y, Liu T, Han L, Liu T, Chang J, Sun Q, Zhu Y, Xu D. Source specific PM 2.5 associated with heart rate variability in the elderly with coronary heart disease: A community-based panel study. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 260:127399. [PMID: 32668362 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There is increasingly concern that PM2.5 constituents play a significant role in PM2.5-related cardiovascular outcomes. However, little is known about the associations between specific constituents of PM2.5 and risk for cardiovascular health. To evaluate the exposure to specific chemicals of PM2.5 from various sources and their cardiac effects, a longitudinal investigation was conducted with four repeated measurements of elderly participants' HRV and PM2.5 species in urban Beijing. Multiple chemicals in PM2.5 (metals, ions and PAHs) were characterized for PM2.5 source apportionment and personalized exposure assessment. Five sources were finally identified with specific chemicals as the indicators: oil combustion (1.1%, V & PAHs), secondary particle (11.3%, SO42- & NO3-), vehicle emission (1.2%, Pd), construction dust (28.7%, Mg & Ca), and coal combustion (57.7%, Se & As). As observed, each IQR increase in exposure to oil combustion (V), vehicle emission (Pd), and coal combustion (Se) significantly decreased rMSSD by 13.1% (95% CI: -25.3%, -1.0%), 27.4% (95% CI: -42.9%, -7.6%) and 24.7% (95% CI: -39.2%, -6.9%), respectively, while those of PM2.5 mass with decreases of rMSSD by 11.1% (95% CI: -19.6%, -1.9%) at lag 0. Elevated exposures to specific sources/constituents of PM2.5 disrupt cardiac autonomic function in elderly and have more adverse effects than PM2.5 mass. In the stratified analysis, medication and gender modify the associations of specific chemicals from variable sources with HRV. The findings of this study provide evidence on the roles of influential constituents of ambient air PM2.5 and their sources in terms of their adverse cardiovascular health effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Qiu
- Civil Aviation Medical Center, Civil Aviation Administration of China, Beijing, China
| | - Qinpei Zou
- Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Tian Qiu
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Runkui Li
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ashley Truong
- Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Yanmin Qi
- Civil Aviation Medical Center, Civil Aviation Administration of China, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Civil Aviation General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Limin Han
- Civil Aviation General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tiebing Liu
- Civil Aviation Medical Center, Civil Aviation Administration of China, Beijing, China
| | - Junrui Chang
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Sun
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Dongqun Xu
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Benghanem S, Mazeraud A, Azabou E, Chhor V, Shinotsuka CR, Claassen J, Rohaut B, Sharshar T. Brainstem dysfunction in critically ill patients. Crit Care 2020; 24:5. [PMID: 31907011 PMCID: PMC6945639 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-019-2718-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The brainstem conveys sensory and motor inputs between the spinal cord and the brain, and contains nuclei of the cranial nerves. It controls the sleep-wake cycle and vital functions via the ascending reticular activating system and the autonomic nuclei, respectively. Brainstem dysfunction may lead to sensory and motor deficits, cranial nerve palsies, impairment of consciousness, dysautonomia, and respiratory failure. The brainstem is prone to various primary and secondary insults, resulting in acute or chronic dysfunction. Of particular importance for characterizing brainstem dysfunction and identifying the underlying etiology are a detailed clinical examination, MRI, neurophysiologic tests such as brainstem auditory evoked potentials, and an analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid. Detection of brainstem dysfunction is challenging but of utmost importance in comatose and deeply sedated patients both to guide therapy and to support outcome prediction. In the present review, we summarize the neuroanatomy, clinical syndromes, and diagnostic techniques of critical illness-associated brainstem dysfunction for the critical care setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Benghanem
- Department of Neurology, Neuro-ICU, Sorbonne University, APHP Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- Medical ICU, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Aurélien Mazeraud
- Department of Neuro-ICU, GHU-Paris, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, Pastuer Institute, Paris, France
| | - Eric Azabou
- Department of Physiology, Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, APHP, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, University of Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, Garches, France
| | - Vibol Chhor
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Saint-Joseph Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Cassia Righy Shinotsuka
- Intensive Care Unit and Postgraduate Program, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jan Claassen
- Department of Neurology, Neuro-ICU, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin Rohaut
- Department of Neurology, Neuro-ICU, Sorbonne University, APHP Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- Department of Neurology, Neuro-ICU, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, INSERM UMRS 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Pitié- Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, F-75013, France
| | - Tarek Sharshar
- Department of Neuro-ICU, GHU-Paris, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France.
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, Pastuer Institute, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Khor KH, Moore TA, Shiels IA, Greer RM, Arumugam TV, Mills PC. A Potential Link between the C5a Receptor 1 and the β1-Adrenoreceptor in the Mouse Heart. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146022. [PMID: 26727203 PMCID: PMC4699762 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Inflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis of specific cardiovascular diseases, but it is uncertain if mediators released during the inflammatory process will affect the continued efficacy of drugs used to treat clinical signs of the cardiac disease. We investigated the role of the complement 5a receptor 1 (C5aR1/CD88) in the cardiac response to inflammation or atenolol, and the effect of C5aR1 deletion in control of baseline heart rate in an anesthetized mouse model. Methods An initial study showed that PMX53, an antagonist of C5aR1 in normal C57BL6/J (wild type, WT) mice reduced heart rate (HR) and appeared to have a protective effect on the heart following induced sepsis. C5aR1 knockout (CD88-/-) mice had a lower HR than wild type mice, even during sham surgery. A model to assess heart rate variability (HRV) in anesthetized mice was developed to assess the effects of inhibiting the β1-adrenoreceptor (β1-AR) in a randomized crossover study design. Results HR and LF Norm were constitutively lower and SDNN and HF Norm constitutively higher in the CD88-/- compared with WT mice (P< 0.001 for all outcomes). Administration of atenolol (2.5 mg/kg) reduced the HR and increased HRV (P< 0.05, respectively) in the wild type but not in the CD88-/- mice. There was no shift of the sympathovagal balance post-atenolol in either strains of mice (P> 0.05), except for the reduced LF/HF (Lower frequency/High frequency) ratio (P< 0.05) at 60 min post-atenolol, suggesting increased parasympathetic tone of the heart due to the effect of atenolol administration. The HR of the WT mice were lower post atenolol compared to the CD88-/- mice (P = 0.001) but the HRV of CD88-/- mice were significantly increased (P< 0.05), compared with WT mice. Conclusion Knockout of the C5aR1 attenuated the effect of β1-AR in the heart, suggesting an association between the β1-AR and C5aR1, although further investigation is required to determine if this is a direct or causal association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Hua Khor
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Tyson A. Moore
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ian A. Shiels
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ristan M. Greer
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Thiruma V. Arumugam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul C. Mills
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
de La Fuente RN, Rodrigues B, Moraes-Silva IC, Souza LE, Sirvente R, Mostarda C, De Angelis K, Soares PP, Lacchini S, Consolim-Colombo F, Irigoyen MC. Cholinergic stimulation with pyridostigmine improves autonomic function in infarcted rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2013; 40:610-6. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruno Rodrigues
- Heart Institute (InCor); Medical School; University of Sao Paulo; Sao Paulo Brazil
- Human Movement Laboratory; Sao Judas Tadeu University; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Ivana C Moraes-Silva
- Heart Institute (InCor); Medical School; University of Sao Paulo; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Leandro E Souza
- Heart Institute (InCor); Medical School; University of Sao Paulo; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Raquel Sirvente
- Heart Institute (InCor); Medical School; University of Sao Paulo; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Cristiano Mostarda
- Heart Institute (InCor); Medical School; University of Sao Paulo; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Kátia De Angelis
- Translational Physiology Laboratory; Nove de Julho University; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Pedro P Soares
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Fluminense Federal University; Niteroi Rio de Janeiro
| | - Silvia Lacchini
- Biomedical Sciences Institute; University of Sao Paulo; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Autonomic cardiac neurons have a common origin in the neural crest but undergo distinct developmental differentiation as they mature toward their adult phenotype. Progenitor cells respond to repulsive cues during migration, followed by differentiation cues from paracrine sources that promote neurochemistry and differentiation. When autonomic axons start to innervate cardiac tissue, neurotrophic factors from vascular tissue are essential for maintenance of neurons before they reach their targets, upon which target-derived trophic factors take over final maturation, synaptic strength and postnatal survival. Although target-derived neurotrophins have a central role to play in development, alternative sources of neurotrophins may also modulate innervation. Both developing and adult sympathetic neurons express proNGF, and adult parasympathetic cardiac ganglion neurons also synthesize and release NGF. The physiological function of these “non-classical” cardiac sources of neurotrophins remains to be determined, especially in relation to autocrine/paracrine sustenance during development.
Cardiac autonomic nerves are closely spatially associated in cardiac plexuses, ganglia and pacemaker regions and so are sensitive to release of neurotransmitter, neuropeptides and trophic factors from adjacent nerves. As such, in many cardiac pathologies, it is an imbalance within the two arms of the autonomic system that is critical for disease progression. Although this crosstalk between sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves has been well established for adult nerves, it is unclear whether a degree of paracrine regulation occurs across the autonomic limbs during development. Aberrant nerve remodeling is a common occurrence in many adult cardiovascular pathologies, and the mechanisms regulating outgrowth or denervation are disparate. However, autonomic neurons display considerable plasticity in this regard with neurotrophins and inflammatory cytokines having a central regulatory function, including in possible neurotransmitter changes. Certainly, neurotrophins and cytokines regulate transcriptional factors in adult autonomic neurons that have vital differentiation roles in development. Particularly for parasympathetic cardiac ganglion neurons, additional examinations of developmental regulatory mechanisms will potentially aid in understanding attenuated parasympathetic function in a number of conditions, including heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wohaib Hasan
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute; Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Koch SE, Gao X, Haar L, Jiang M, Lasko VM, Robbins N, Cai W, Brokamp C, Varma P, Tranter M, Liu Y, Ren X, Lorenz JN, Wang HS, Jones WK, Rubinstein J. Probenecid: novel use as a non-injurious positive inotrope acting via cardiac TRPV2 stimulation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2012; 53:134-44. [PMID: 22561103 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2012.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Probenecid is a highly lipid soluble benzoic acid derivative originally used to increase serum antibiotic concentrations. It was later discovered to have uricosuric effects and was FDA approved for gout therapy. It has recently been found to be a potent agonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2). We have shown that this receptor is in the cardiomyocyte and report a positive inotropic effect of the drug. Using echocardiography, Langendorff and isolated myocytes, we measured the change in contractility and, using TRPV2(-/-) mice, proved that the effect was mediated by TRPV2 channels in the cardiomyocytes. Analysis of the expression of Ca(2+) handling and β-adrenergic signaling pathway proteins showed that the contractility was not increased through activation of the β-ADR. We propose that the response to probenecid is due to activation of TRPV2 channels secondary to SR release of Ca(2+).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheryl E Koch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Segovia M, Ganzinelli S, Reina S, Borda E, Sterin-Borda L. Role of anti-β1 adrenergic antibodies from patients with periodontitis in cardiac dysfunction. J Oral Pathol Med 2011; 41:242-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2011.01090.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
10
|
Segovia M, Reina S, Borda E, Sterin-Borda L. Autoantibodies to the β(1)-Adrenoceptor from Patients with Periodontitis as a Risk Factor for Cardiac Dysfunction. ISRN DENTISTRY 2011; 2011:791393. [PMID: 21991485 PMCID: PMC3170702 DOI: 10.5402/2011/791393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The presence of serum autoantibodies in periodontitis (P) patients against β1-adrenoceptor (β1-AR), using cardiac membranes or a synthetic β1-AR peptide corresponding to the second extracellular loop of human β1-AR as antigens, permit us to detect circulating antibody from 40 P patients but not in 20 normal individuals (control). Simultaneously, the P patients exhibited a decrease in HRV. Anti-β1-AR IgG titters correlated with the decrease in HRV of the same patients and the anti-β1-AR peptide IgG displayed partial agonist-like activity and modified the contractility of isolated atria, produced cyclic nucleotides, and inhibited the β1-AR agonistic activity of isoproterenol. We demonstrated in this study an association between periodontitis infection and an increased risk of cardiac disease, thereby highlighting the role of anti-β1-AR autoantibodies in alteration of myocardial contractility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Segovia
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, 1122AAH Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gopalakrishnan K, Morgan EE, Yerga-Woolwine S, Farms P, Kumarasamy S, Kalinoski A, Liu X, Wu J, Liu L, Joe B. Augmented rififylin is a risk factor linked to aberrant cardiomyocyte function, short-QT interval and hypertension. Hypertension 2011; 57:764-71. [PMID: 21357277 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.110.165803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Using congenic strains of the Dahl salt-sensitive (S) rat introgressed with genomic segments from the normotensive Lewis rat, a blood pressure quantitative trait locus was previously mapped within 104 kb on chromosome 10. The goal of the current study was to conduct extensive phenotypic studies and to further fine-map this locus. At 14 weeks of age, the blood pressure of the congenic rats fed a low-salt diet was significantly higher by 47 mm Hg (P<0.001) compared with that of the S rat. A time-course study showed that the blood pressure effect was significant from very young ages of 50 to 52 days (13 mm Hg; P<0.01). The congenic strain implanted with electrocardiography transmitters demonstrated shorter-QT intervals and increased heart rate compared with S rats (P<0.01). The average survival of the congenic strain was shorter (134 days) compared with the S rat (175 days; P<0.0007). The critical region was narrowed to <42.5 kb containing 171 variants and a single gene, rififylin. Both the mRNA and protein levels of rififylin were significantly higher in the hearts of the congenic strain. Overexpression of rififylin is known to delay endocytic recycling. Endocytic recycling of fluorescently labeled holotransferrin from cardiomyocytes of the congenic strain was slower than that of S rats (P<0.01). Frequency of cardiomyocyte beats in the congenic strain (62±9 bpm) was significantly higher than that of the S rat (24±6 bpm; P<0.001). Taken together, our study provides evidence to suggest that early perturbations in endocytic recycling caused by the overexpression of Rffl is a novel physiological mechanism potentially underlying the development of hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathirvel Gopalakrishnan
- Physiological Genomics Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH 43614-2598, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|