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Gómez-Tortosa E, Baradaran-Heravi Y, Dillen L, Choudhury NR, Agüero Rabes P, Pérez-Pérez J, Kocoglu C, Sainz MJ, Ruiz González A, Téllez R, Cremades-Jimeno L, Cárdaba B, Van Broeckhoven C, Michlewski G, van der Zee J. TRIM25 mutation (p.C168*), coding for an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is a cause of early-onset autosomal dominant dementia with amyloid load and parkinsonism. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [PMID: 36576960 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with familial early-onset dementia (EOD) pose a unique opportunity for gene identification studies. METHODS We present the phenotype and whole-exome sequencing (WES) study of an autosomal dominant EOD family. Candidate genes were examined in a set of dementia cases and controls (n = 3712). Western blotting was conducted of the wild-type and mutant protein of the final candidate. RESULTS Age at disease onset was 60 years (range 56 to 63). The phenotype comprised mixed amnestic and behavioral features, and parkinsonism. Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma biomarkers, and a positron emission tomography amyloid study suggested Alzheimer's disease. WES and the segregation pattern pointed to a nonsense mutation in the TRIM25 gene (p.C168*), coding for an E3 ubiquitin ligase, which was absent in the cohorts studied. Protein studies supported a loss-of-function mechanism. DISCUSSION This study supports a new physiopathological mechanism for brain amyloidosis. Furthermore, it extends the role of E3 ubiquitin ligases dysfunction in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. HIGHLIGHTS A TRIM25 nonsense mutation (p.C168*) is associated with autosomal dominant early-onset dementia and parkinsonism with biomarkers suggestive of Alzheimer's disease. TRIM25 protein studies support that the mutation exerts its effect through loss of function. TRIM25, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is known for its role in the innate immune response but this is the first report of association with neurodegeneration. The role of TRIM25 dysfunction in development of amyloidosis and neurodegeneration merits a new line of research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yalda Baradaran-Heravi
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lubina Dillen
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nila Roy Choudhury
- Infection Medicine, University of Edinburgh, The Chancellor's Building, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | - Cemile Kocoglu
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - M José Sainz
- Department of Neurology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Raquel Téllez
- Department of Immunology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Blanca Cárdaba
- Department of Immunology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
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- Department of Neurology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christine Van Broeckhoven
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gracjan Michlewski
- Infection Medicine, University of Edinburgh, The Chancellor's Building, Edinburgh, UK.,Dioscuri Centre for RNA-Protein Interactions in Human Health and Disease, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Julie van der Zee
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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2
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Pellegrini P, Hervera A, Varea O, Brewer MK, López-Soldado I, Guitart A, Aguilera M, Prats N, del Río JA, Guinovart JJ, Duran J. Lack of p62 Impairs Glycogen Aggregation and Exacerbates Pathology in a Mouse Model of Myoclonic Epilepsy of Lafora. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 59:1214-1229. [PMID: 34962634 PMCID: PMC8857170 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02682-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Lafora disease (LD) is a fatal childhood-onset dementia characterized by the extensive accumulation of glycogen aggregates—the so-called Lafora Bodies (LBs)—in several organs. The accumulation of LBs in the brain underlies the neurological phenotype of the disease. LBs are composed of abnormal glycogen and various associated proteins, including p62, an autophagy adaptor that participates in the aggregation and clearance of misfolded proteins. To study the role of p62 in the formation of LBs and its participation in the pathology of LD, we generated a mouse model of the disease (malinKO) lacking p62. Deletion of p62 prevented LB accumulation in skeletal muscle and cardiac tissue. In the brain, the absence of p62 altered LB morphology and increased susceptibility to epilepsy. These results demonstrate that p62 participates in the formation of LBs and suggest that the sequestration of abnormal glycogen into LBs is a protective mechanism through which it reduces the deleterious consequences of its accumulation in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Pellegrini
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arnau Hervera
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Varea
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Kathryn Brewer
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iliana López-Soldado
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Guitart
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Aguilera
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neus Prats
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Antonio del Río
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan J. Guinovart
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Duran
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut Químic de Sarrià, University Ramon Llull, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Menchetti M, Antinori L, Serra GD, Bertolini G, Rosati M. Clinical features, imaging characteristics, genetic investigation and histopathologic findings in a Chihuahua dog with Lafora disease. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/vrc2.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marika Menchetti
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Division San Marco Private Veterinary Clinic Veggiano Italy
| | - Lucia Antinori
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Division San Marco Private Veterinary Clinic Veggiano Italy
| | - Giulia Dalla Serra
- Dagnostic and Interventional Radiology Division San Marco Private Veterinary Clinic Veggiano Italy
| | - Giovanna Bertolini
- Dagnostic and Interventional Radiology Division San Marco Private Veterinary Clinic Veggiano Italy
| | - Marco Rosati
- Section of Clinical & Comparative Neuropathology Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität Munchen Germany
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4
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TRIM32 and Malin in Neurological and Neuromuscular Rare Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040820. [PMID: 33917450 PMCID: PMC8067510 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins are RING E3 ubiquitin ligases defined by a shared domain structure. Several of them are implicated in rare genetic diseases, and mutations in TRIM32 and TRIM-like malin are associated with Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy R8 and Lafora disease, respectively. These two proteins are evolutionary related, share a common ancestor, and both display NHL repeats at their C-terminus. Here, we revmniew the function of these two related E3 ubiquitin ligases discussing their intrinsic and possible common pathophysiological pathways.
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5
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Afrantou T, Lagoudaki R, Papadopoulos T, Karayannopoulou G, Galidis E, Migkos K, Stavridou E, Kimiskidis V, Ioannidis P, Grigoriadis N. Novel frameshift variant of NHLRC1 gene in compound heterozygosity in an adult Greek patient with Lafora disease. Seizure 2021; 86:49-51. [PMID: 33540374 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2021.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Afrantou
- B' Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Roza Lagoudaki
- B' Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Georgia Karayannopoulou
- Pathology Department, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Galidis
- Pathology Department, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Migkos
- B' Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Stavridou
- B' Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasilios Kimiskidis
- Laboratory of Clinical Neurophysiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panagotis Ioannidis
- B' Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Grigoriadis
- B' Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
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Kaur R, Balaini N, Sharma S, Sharma SK. Lafora body disease: a case of progressive myoclonic epilepsy. BMJ Case Rep 2020; 13:e236971. [PMID: 33370974 PMCID: PMC7757443 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-236971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive myoclonic epilepsy (PME) is a progressive neurological disorder. Unfortunately, until now, no definitive curative treatment exists; however, it is of utmost importance to identify patients with PME. The underlying aetiology can be pinpointed if methodological clinical evaluation is performed, followed by subsequent genetic testing. We report a case of PME that was diagnosed as Lafora body disease. This case emphasises that, suspecting and identifying PME is important so as to start appropriate treatment and reduce the probability of morbidity and prognosticate the family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjot Kaur
- Medicine, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, India
| | | | - Sudhir Sharma
- Neurology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, India
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Farah BL, Yen PM, Koeberl DD. Links between autophagy and disorders of glycogen metabolism - Perspectives on pathogenesis and possible treatments. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 129:3-12. [PMID: 31787497 PMCID: PMC7836271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2019.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The glycogen storage diseases are a group of inherited metabolic disorders that are characterized by specific enzymatic defects involving the synthesis or degradation of glycogen. Each disorder presents with a set of symptoms that are due to the underlying enzyme deficiency and the particular tissues that are affected. Autophagy is a process by which cells degrade and recycle unneeded or damaged intracellular components such as lipids, glycogen, and damaged mitochondria. Recent studies showed that several of the glycogen storage disorders have abnormal autophagy which can disturb normal cellular metabolism and/or mitochondrial function. Here, we provide a clinical overview of the glycogen storage disorders, a brief description of autophagy, and the known links between specific glycogen storage disorders and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin L Farah
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Paul M Yen
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Dwight D Koeberl
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA..
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8
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Lafora Disease: A Ubiquitination-Related Pathology. Cells 2018; 7:cells7080087. [PMID: 30050012 PMCID: PMC6116066 DOI: 10.3390/cells7080087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lafora disease (LD, OMIM254780) is a rare and fatal form of progressive myoclonus epilepsy (PME). Among PMEs, LD is unique because of the rapid neurological deterioration of the patients and the appearance in brain and peripheral tissues of insoluble glycogen-like (polyglucosan) inclusions, named Lafora bodies (LBs). LD is caused by mutations in the EPM2A gene, encoding the dual phosphatase laforin, or the EPM2B gene, encoding the E3-ubiquitin ligase malin. Laforin and malin form a functional complex that is involved in the regulation of glycogen synthesis. Thus, in the absence of a functional complex glycogen accumulates in LBs. In addition, it has been suggested that the laforin-malin complex participates in alternative physiological pathways, such as intracellular protein degradation, oxidative stress, and the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response. In this work we review the possible cellular functions of laforin and malin with a special focus on their role in the ubiquitination of specific substrates. We also discuss here the pathological consequences of defects in laforin or malin functions, as well as the therapeutic strategies that are being explored for LD.
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9
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Israni AV, Mandal A. Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy Due to Lafora Body Disease with a Novel Mutation. J Pediatr Neurosci 2018; 13:123-125. [PMID: 29899791 PMCID: PMC5982484 DOI: 10.4103/jpn.jpn_13_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anil V Israni
- Department of Pediatrics, Maxcure Suyosha Woman and Child Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Anirban Mandal
- Department of Pediatrics, Sitaram Bhartia Institute of Science and Research, New Delhi, India
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10
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López-González I, Viana R, Sanz P, Ferrer I. Inflammation in Lafora Disease: Evolution with Disease Progression in Laforin and Malin Knock-out Mouse Models. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:3119-3130. [PMID: 27041370 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9884-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Lafora progressive myoclonus epilepsy (Lafora disease, LD) is a fatal rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of insoluble ubiquitinated polyglucosan inclusions in the cytoplasm of neurons, which is most commonly associated with mutations in two genes: EPM2A, encoding the glucan phosphatase laforin, and EPM2B, encoding the E3-ubiquitin ligase malin. The present study analyzes possible inflammatory responses in the mouse lines Epm2a -/- (laforin knock-out) and Epm2b -/- (malin knock-out) with disease progression. Increased numbers of reactive astrocytes (expressing the GFAP marker) and microglia (expressing the Iba1 marker) together with increased expression of genes encoding cytokines and mediators of the inflammatory response occur in both mouse lines although with marked genotype differences. C3ar1 and CxCl10 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are significantly increased in Epm2a -/- mice aged 12 months when compared with age-matched controls, whereas C3ar1, C4b, Ccl4, CxCl10, Il1b, Il6, Tnfα, and Il10ra mRNAs are significantly upregulated in Epm2b -/- at the same age. This is accompanied by increased protein levels of IL1-β, IL6, TNFα, and Cox2 particularly in Epm2b -/- mice. The severity of inflammatory changes correlates with more severe clinical symptoms previously described in Epm2b -/- mice. These findings show for the first time increased innate inflammatory responses in a neurodegenerative disease with polyglucosan intraneuronal deposits which increase with disease progression, in a way similar to what is seen in neurodegenerative diseases with abnormal protein aggregates. These findings also point to the possibility of using anti-inflammatory agents to mitigate the degenerative process in LD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene López-González
- Institut de Neuropatologia, Servei Anatomia Patologica, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Carrer Feixa Llarga sn, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Viana
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Jaime Roig 11, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pascual Sanz
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Jaime Roig 11, 46010, Valencia, Spain. .,CIBERER (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras), Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- Institut de Neuropatologia, Servei Anatomia Patologica, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Carrer Feixa Llarga sn, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain. .,University of Barcelona, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBERNED (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), Ministry of Science and Innovation, Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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11
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Homeostasis of the astrocytic glutamate transporter GLT-1 is altered in mouse models of Lafora disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:1074-83. [PMID: 26976331 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Lafora disease (LD, OMIM 254780) is a fatal rare disorder characterized by epilepsy and neurodegeneration. Although in recent years a lot of information has been gained on the molecular basis of the neurodegeneration that accompanies LD, the molecular basis of epilepsy is poorly understood. Here, we present evidence indicating that the homeostasis of glutamate transporter GLT-1 (EAAT2) is compromised in mouse models of LD. Our results indicate that primary astrocytes from LD mice have reduced capacity of glutamate transport, probably because they present a reduction in the levels of the glutamate transporter at the plasma membrane. On the other hand, the overexpression in cellular models of laforin and malin, the two proteins related to LD, results in an accumulation of GLT-1 (EAAT2) at the plasma membrane and in a severe reduction of the ubiquitination of the transporter. All these results suggest that the laforin/malin complex slows down the endocytic recycling of the GLT-1 (EAAT2) transporter. Since, defects in the function of this transporter lead to excitotoxicity and epilepsy, we suggest that the epilepsy that accompanies LD could be due, at least in part, to deficiencies in the function of the GLT-1 (EAAT2) transporter.
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12
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Sánchez-Martín P, Romá-Mateo C, Viana R, Sanz P. Ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2-N and sequestosome-1 (p62) are components of the ubiquitination process mediated by the malin–laforin E3-ubiquitin ligase complex. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 69:204-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Romá-Mateo C, Aguado C, García-Giménez JL, Knecht E, Sanz P, Pallardó FV. Oxidative stress, a new hallmark in the pathophysiology of Lafora progressive myoclonus epilepsy. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 88:30-41. [PMID: 25680286 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lafora disease (LD; OMIM 254780, ORPHA501) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the presence of glycogen-like intracellular inclusions called Lafora bodies and caused, in most cases, by mutations in either the EPM2A or the EPM2B gene, encoding respectively laforin, a phosphatase with dual specificity that is involved in the dephosphorylation of glycogen, and malin, an E3-ubiquitin ligase involved in the polyubiquitination of proteins related to glycogen metabolism. Thus, it has been reported that laforin and malin form a functional complex that acts as a key regulator of glycogen metabolism and that also plays a crucial role in protein homeostasis (proteostasis). Regarding this last function, it has been shown that cells are more sensitive to ER stress and show defects in proteasome and autophagy activities in the absence of a functional laforin-malin complex. More recently, we have demonstrated that oxidative stress accompanies these proteostasis defects and that various LD models show an increase in reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress products together with a dysregulated antioxidant enzyme expression and activity. In this review we discuss possible connections between the multiple defects in protein homeostasis present in LD and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Romá-Mateo
- Fundación Investigación Clinico de Valencia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, E46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Aguado
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Luis García-Giménez
- Fundación Investigación Clinico de Valencia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, E46010 Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Valencia, Spain
| | - Erwin Knecht
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pascual Sanz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Valencia, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
| | - Federico V Pallardó
- Fundación Investigación Clinico de Valencia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, E46010 Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Valencia, Spain.
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14
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de Assis Franco I, Teixeira da Rocha E, Chaves de Resende HA, Moura da Silva Guércio N, Pinto MP, Pires LA, Vale TC. Mystery Case: Lafora periodic acid-Schiff inclusion bodies. Neurology 2015; 85:e130-1. [PMID: 26503590 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000002054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Igor de Assis Franco
- From the Neurology Service (I.d.A.F., E.T.d.R., H.A.C.d.R., M.P.P., L.A.P., T.C.V.) and Pathology Service (N.M.d.S.G.), University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eliza Teixeira da Rocha
- From the Neurology Service (I.d.A.F., E.T.d.R., H.A.C.d.R., M.P.P., L.A.P., T.C.V.) and Pathology Service (N.M.d.S.G.), University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Hugo Almeida Chaves de Resende
- From the Neurology Service (I.d.A.F., E.T.d.R., H.A.C.d.R., M.P.P., L.A.P., T.C.V.) and Pathology Service (N.M.d.S.G.), University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nathália Moura da Silva Guércio
- From the Neurology Service (I.d.A.F., E.T.d.R., H.A.C.d.R., M.P.P., L.A.P., T.C.V.) and Pathology Service (N.M.d.S.G.), University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Moisés Pereira Pinto
- From the Neurology Service (I.d.A.F., E.T.d.R., H.A.C.d.R., M.P.P., L.A.P., T.C.V.) and Pathology Service (N.M.d.S.G.), University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Leopoldo Antônio Pires
- From the Neurology Service (I.d.A.F., E.T.d.R., H.A.C.d.R., M.P.P., L.A.P., T.C.V.) and Pathology Service (N.M.d.S.G.), University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thiago Cardoso Vale
- From the Neurology Service (I.d.A.F., E.T.d.R., H.A.C.d.R., M.P.P., L.A.P., T.C.V.) and Pathology Service (N.M.d.S.G.), University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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15
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El Tahry R, de Tourtchaninoff M, Vrielynck P, Van Rijckevorsel K. Lafora disease: psychiatric manifestations, cognitive decline, and visual hallucinations. Acta Neurol Belg 2015; 115:471-4. [PMID: 25481721 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-014-0399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Riëm El Tahry
- Department of Neurology, Center of Refractory Epilepsy, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium,
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16
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Zeqiraj E, Sicheri F. Getting a handle on glycogen synthase - Its interaction with glycogenin. Mol Aspects Med 2015; 46:63-9. [PMID: 26278983 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Glycogen is a polymer of glucose that serves as a major energy reserve in eukaryotes. It is synthesized through the cooperative action of glycogen synthase (GS), glycogenin (GN) and glycogen branching enzyme. GN initiates the first enzymatic step in the glycogen synthesis process by self glucosylation of a short 8-12 glucose residue primer. After interacting with GN, GS then extends this sugar primer to form glycogen particles of different sizes. We discuss recent developments in the structural biology characterization of GS and GN enzymes, which have contributed to a better understanding of how the two proteins interact and how they collaborate to synthesize glycogen particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elton Zeqiraj
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Room 1090, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Frank Sicheri
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Room 1090, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
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17
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Berthier A, Payá M, García-Cabrero AM, Ballester MI, Heredia M, Serratosa JM, Sánchez MP, Sanz P. Pharmacological Interventions to Ameliorate Neuropathological Symptoms in a Mouse Model of Lafora Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:1296-1309. [PMID: 25627694 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9091-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Lafora disease (LD, OMIM 254780) is a rare fatal neurodegenerative disorder that usually occurs during childhood with generalized tonic-clonic seizures, myoclonus, absences, drop attacks, or visual seizures. Unfortunately, at present, available treatments are only palliatives and no curative drugs are available yet. The hallmark of the disease is the accumulation of insoluble polyglucosan inclusions, called Lafora bodies (LBs), within the neurons but also in heart, muscle, and liver cells. Mouse models lacking functional EPM2A or EPM2B genes (the two major loci related to the disease) recapitulate the Lafora disease phenotype: they accumulate polyglucosan inclusions, show signs of neurodegeneration, and have a dysregulation of protein clearance and endoplasmic reticulum stress response. In this study, we have subjected a mouse model of LD (Epm2b-/-) to different pharmacological interventions aimed to alleviate protein clearance and endoplasmic reticulum stress. We have used two chemical chaperones, trehalose and 4-phenylbutyric acid. In addition, we have used metformin, an activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), as it has a recognized neuroprotective role in other neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we show that treatment with 4-phenylbutyric acid or metformin decreases the accumulation of Lafora bodies and polyubiquitin protein aggregates in the brain of treated animals. 4-Phenylbutyric acid and metformin also diminish neurodegeneration (measured in terms of neuronal loss and reactive gliosis) and ameliorate neuropsychological tests of Epm2b-/- mice. As these compounds have good safety records and are already approved for clinical uses on different neurological pathologies, we think that the translation of our results to the clinical practice could be straightforward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Berthier
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (CSIC), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Jaime Roig 11, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Payá
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia and Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), 46100, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana M García-Cabrero
- Fundación Jimenez Diaz and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Inmaculada Ballester
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (CSIC), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Jaime Roig 11, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Heredia
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (CSIC), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Jaime Roig 11, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - José M Serratosa
- Fundación Jimenez Diaz and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina P Sánchez
- Fundación Jimenez Diaz and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pascual Sanz
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (CSIC), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Jaime Roig 11, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
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18
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Ortolano S, Vieitez I, Agis-Balboa RC, Spuch C. Loss of GABAergic cortical neurons underlies the neuropathology of Lafora disease. Mol Brain 2014; 7:7. [PMID: 24472629 PMCID: PMC3917365 DOI: 10.1186/1756-6606-7-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lafora disease is an autosomal recessive form of progressive myoclonic epilepsy caused by defects in the EPM2A and EPM2B genes. Primary symptoms of the pathology include seizures, ataxia, myoclonus, and progressive development of severe dementia. Lafora disease can be caused by defects in the EPM2A gene, which encodes the laforin protein phosphatase, or in the NHLRC1 gene (also called EPM2B) codifying the malin E3 ubiquitin ligase. Studies on cellular models showed that laforin and malin interact and operate as a functional complex apparently regulating cellular functions such as glycogen metabolism, cellular stress response, and the proteolytic processes. However, the pathogenesis and the molecular mechanism of the disease, which imply either laforin or malin are poorly understood. Thus, the aim of our study is to elucidate the molecular mechanism of the pathology by characterizing cerebral cortex neurodegeneration in the well accepted murine model of Lafora disease EPM2A-/- mouse. Results In this article, we want to asses the primary cause of the neurodegeneration in Lafora disease by studying GABAergic neurons in the cerebral cortex. We showed that the majority of Lafora bodies are specifically located in GABAergic neurons of the cerebral cortex of 3 months-old EPM2A-/- mice. Moreover, GABAergic neurons in the cerebral cortex of younger mice (1 month-old) are decreased in number and present altered neurotrophins and p75NTR signalling. Conclusions Here, we concluded that there is impairment in GABAergic neurons neurodevelopment in the cerebral cortex, which occurs prior to the formation of Lafora bodies in the cytoplasm. The dysregulation of cerebral cortex development may contribute to Lafora disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Carlos Spuch
- Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Psychiatric Disorders, Institute of Biomedical Research of Vigo (IBIV), Xerencia de Xestion Integrada de Vigo, SERGAS, Psychiatric Hospital Rebullón, Puxeiros s/n, Pontevedra 36415 Mos, Spain.
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Jiménez Caballero P. Progressive myoclonus epilepsies: description of a case of Lafora disease with autopsy. NEUROLOGÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2013.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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20
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Strnad P, Nuraldeen R, Guldiken N, Hartmann D, Mahajan V, Denk H, Haybaeck J. Broad Spectrum of Hepatocyte Inclusions in Humans, Animals, and Experimental Models. Compr Physiol 2013; 3:1393-436. [DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c120032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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21
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Papetti L, Parisi P, Leuzzi V, Nardecchia F, Nicita F, Ursitti F, Marra F, Paolino MC, Spalice A. Metabolic epilepsy: an update. Brain Dev 2013; 35:827-41. [PMID: 23273990 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2012.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Revised: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Inborn errors of metabolism comprise a large class of genetic diseases involving disorders of metabolism. Presentation is usually in the neonatal period or infancy but can occur at any time, even in adulthood. Seizures are frequent symptom in inborn errors of metabolism, with no specific seizure types or EEG signatures. The diagnosis of a genetic defect or an inborn error of metabolism often results in requests for a vast array of biochemical and molecular tests leading to an expensive workup. However a specific diagnosis of metabolic disorders in epileptic patients may provide the possibility of specific treatments that can improve seizures. In a few metabolic diseases, epilepsy responds to specific treatments based on diet or supplementation of cofactors (vitamin-responsive epilepsies), but for most of them specific treatment is unfortunately not available, and conventional antiepileptic drugs must be used, often with no satisfactory success. In this review we present an overview of metabolic epilepsies based on various criteria such as treatability, age of onset, seizure type, and pathogenetic background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Papetti
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Neurology Division, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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22
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Sherwood AR, Johnson MB, Delgado-Escueta AV, Gentry MS. A bioassay for Lafora disease and laforin glucan phosphatase activity. Clin Biochem 2013; 46:1869-76. [PMID: 24012855 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2013.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lafora disease is a rare yet invariably fatal form of progressive neurodegenerative epilepsy resulting from mutations in the phosphatase laforin. Several therapeutic options for Lafora disease patients are currently being explored, and these therapies would benefit from a biochemical means of assessing functional laforin activity following treatment. To date, only clinical outcomes such as decreases in seizure frequency and severity have been used to indicate success of epilepsy treatment. However, these qualitative measures exhibit variability and must be assessed over long periods of time. In this work, we detail a simple and sensitive bioassay that can be used for the detection of functional endogenous laforin from human and mouse tissue. DESIGN AND METHODS We generated antibodies capable of detecting and immunoprecipitating endogenous laforin. Following laforin immunoprecipitation, laforin activity was assessed via phosphatase assays using para-nitrophenylphosphate (pNPP) and a malachite green-based assay specific for glucan phosphatase activity. RESULTS We found that antibody binding to laforin does not impede laforin activity. Furthermore, the malachite green-based glucan phosphatase assay used in conjunction with a rabbit polyclonal laforin antibody was capable of detecting endogenous laforin activity from human and mouse tissues. Importantly, this assay discriminated between laforin activity and other phosphatases. CONCLUSIONS The bioassay that we have developed utilizing laforin antibodies and an assay specific for glucan phosphatase activity could prove valuable in the rapid detection of functional laforin in patients to which novel Lafora disease therapies have been administered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R Sherwood
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Center for Structural Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 405036-0001, USA
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Dimerization of the glucan phosphatase laforin requires the participation of cysteine 329. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69523. [PMID: 23922729 PMCID: PMC3724922 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Laforin, encoded by a gene that is mutated in Lafora Disease (LD, OMIM 254780), is a modular protein composed of a carbohydrate-binding module and a dual-specificity phosphatase domain. Laforin is the founding member of the glucan-phosphatase family and regulates the levels of phosphate present in glycogen. Multiple reports have described the capability of laforin to form dimers, although the function of these dimers and their relationship with LD remains unclear. Recent evidence suggests that laforin dimerization depends on redox conditions, suggesting that disulfide bonds are involved in laforin dimerization. Using site-directed mutagenesis we constructed laforin mutants in which individual cysteine residues were replaced by serine and then tested the ability of each protein to dimerize using recombinant protein as well as a mammalian cell culture assay. Laforin-Cys329Ser was the only Cys/Ser mutant unable to form dimers in both assays. We also generated a laforin truncation lacking the last three amino acids, laforin-Cys329X, and this truncation also failed to dimerize. Interestingly, laforin-Cys329Ser and laforin-Cys329X were able to bind glucans, and maintained wild type phosphatase activity against both exogenous and biologically relevant substrates. Furthermore, laforin-Cys329Ser was fully capable of participating in the ubiquitination process driven by a laforin-malin complex. These results suggest that dimerization is not required for laforin phosphatase activity, glucan binding, or for the formation of a functional laforin-malin complex. Cumulatively, these results suggest that cysteine 329 is specifically involved in the dimerization process of laforin. Therefore, the C329S mutant constitutes a valuable tool to analyze the physiological implications of laforin’s oligomerization.
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Boisson B, Laplantine E, Prando C, Giliani S, Israelsson E, Xu Z, Abhyankar A, Israël L, Trevejo-Nunez G, Bogunovic D, Cepika AM, MacDuff D, Chrabieh M, Hubeau M, Bajolle F, Debré M, Mazzolari E, Vairo D, Agou F, Virgin HW, Bossuyt X, Rambaud C, Facchetti F, Bonnet D, Quartier P, Fournet JC, Pascual V, Chaussabel D, Notarangelo LD, Puel A, Israël A, Casanova JL, Picard C. Immunodeficiency, autoinflammation and amylopectinosis in humans with inherited HOIL-1 and LUBAC deficiency. Nat Immunol 2012; 13:1178-86. [PMID: 23104095 PMCID: PMC3514453 DOI: 10.1038/ni.2457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We report the clinical description and molecular dissection of a new fatal human inherited disorder characterized by chronic auto-inflammation, invasive bacterial infections and muscular amylopectinosis. Patients from two kindreds carried biallelic loss-of-expression and loss-of-function mutations in HOIL1, a component the linear ubiquitination chain assembly complex (LUBAC). These mutations resulted in impairment of LUBAC stability. NF-κB activation in response to interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was compromised in the patients’ fibroblasts. By contrast, the patients’ mononuclear leukocytes, particularly monocytes, were hyperresponsive to IL-1β. The consequences of human HOIL-1 and LUBAC deficiencies for IL-1β responses thus differed between cell types, consistent with the unique association of auto-inflammation and immunodeficiency in these patients. These data suggest that LUBAC regulates NF-κB-dependent IL-1β responses differently in different cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Boisson
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
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Progressive myoclonus epilepsies: description of a case of Lafora disease with autopsy. Neurologia 2012; 28:584-6. [PMID: 22703635 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2012.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Revised: 03/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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Brackmann FA, Kiefer A, Agaimy A, Gencik M, Trollmann R. Rapidly progressive phenotype of Lafora disease associated with a novel NHLRC1 mutation. Pediatr Neurol 2011; 44:475-7. [PMID: 21555062 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2011.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2010] [Revised: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Lafora disease is a fatal, autosomal recessive form of progressive myoclonus epilepsy. Patients characteristically exhibit myoclonic and tonic-clonic seizures and cognitive impairment, beginning in their second decade. Alterations in two genes were identified as the cause of the disease. Mutations in the NHL repeat containing 1 (NHLRC1) gene were described in association with a more benign clinical course and later age of death, compared with epilepsy progressive myoclonus type 2A (EPM2A) mutations. We describe a rapidly progressive phenotype of Lafora disease in an adolescent patient with a novel NHLRC1 mutation. He developed severe disability and dementia less than 2 years after the onset of signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian A Brackmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Loschgestrasse 15, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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