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Li Q, Xu Y, Chen S, Liang C, Guo W, Ngo HH, Peng L. Inorganic carbon limitation decreases ammonium removal and N 2O production in the algae-nitrifying bacteria symbiosis system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 928:172440. [PMID: 38614328 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Ammonium removal by a symbiosis system of algae (Chlorella vulgaris) and nitrifying bacteria was evaluated in a long-term photo-sequencing batch reactor under varying influent inorganic carbon (IC) concentrations (15, 10, 5 and 2.5 mmol L-1) and different nitrogen loading rate (NLR) conditions (270 and 540 mg-N L-1 d-1). The IC/N ratios provided were 2.33, 1.56, 0.78 and 0.39, respectively, for an influent NH4+-N concentration of 90 mg-N L-1 (6.43 mmol L-1). The results confirmed that both ammonium removal and N2O production were positively related with IC concentration. Satisfactory ammonium removal efficiencies (>98 %) and rates (29-34 mg-N gVSS-1 h-1) were achieved regardless of NLR levels under sufficient IC of 10 and 15 mmol L-1, while insufficient IC at 2.5 mmol L-1 led to the lowest ammonium removal rates of 0 mg-N gVSS-1 h-1. The ammonia oxidation process by ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) played a predominant role over the algae assimilation process in ammonium removal. Long-time IC deficiency also resulted in the decrease in biomass and pigments of algae and nitrifying bacteria. IC limitation led to the decreasing N2O production, probably due to its negative effect on ammonia oxidation by AOB. The optimal IC concentration was determined to be 10 mmol L-1 (i.e., IC/N of 1.56, alkalinity of 500 mg CaCO3 L-1) in the algae-bacteria symbiosis reactor, corresponding to higher ammonia oxidation rate of ∼41 mg-N gVSS-1 h-1 and lower N2O emission factor of 0.13 %. This suggests regulating IC concentrations to achieve high ammonium removal and low carbon emission simultaneously in the algae-bacteria symbiosis wastewater treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yifeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Shi Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chuanzhou Liang
- Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Lai Peng
- Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Ashkanani A, Almomani F, Khraisheh M, Bhosale R, Tawalbeh M, AlJaml K. Bio-carrier and operating temperature effect on ammonia removal from secondary wastewater effluents using moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 693:133425. [PMID: 31362224 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of bio-carriers' surface area and shape, wastewater chemistry and operating temperature on ammonia removal from real wastewater effluents using Moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs) operated with three different AnoxKaldness bio-carriers (K3, K5, and M). The study concludes the surface area loading rate, specific surface area, and shape of bio-carrier affect ammonia removal under real conditions. MBBR kinetics and sensitivity for temperature changes were affected by bio-carrier type. High surface area bio-carriers resulted in low ammonia removal and bio-carrier clogging. Significant ammonia removals of 1.420 ± 0.06 and 1.103 ± 0.06 g - N/m2. d were achieved by K3(As = 500 m2/m3) at 35 and 20 °C, respectively. Lower removals were obtained by high surface area bio-carrier K5 (1.123 ± 0.06 and 0.920 ± 0.06 g - N/m2. d) and M (0.456 ± 0.05 and 0.295 ± 0.05 g - N/m2. d) at 35 and 20 °C, respectively. Theta model successfully represents ammonia removal kinetics with θ values of 1.12, 1.06 and 1.13 for bio-carrier K3, K5 and M respectively. MBBR technology is a feasible choice for treatment of real wastewater effluents containing high ammonia concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Ashkanani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fares Almomani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Majeda Khraisheh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rahul Bhosale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable & Renewable Energy Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khaled AlJaml
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
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Gupta V, Goel R. Managing dissolved methane gas in anaerobic effluents using microbial resource management-based strategies. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 289:121601. [PMID: 31203182 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the findings of three independent microbial resource management-based strategies to manage dissolved methane (D-CH4) gas in anaerobic effluents. In the first approach, an aerobic methanotroph Methylococcus capsulatus was immobilized. A maximum of 1.75 kg COD m-3 d-1 at a hydraulic retention time of 0.5 h was recorded in the attached growth aerobic methane oxidizing reactor. In the second strategy, denitrifying methane oxidizing organisms (DAMO) were first enriched in a lab-scale batch reactor which enabled a maximum methane oxidation rate of 0.31 kg COD m-3 d-1. In the last strategy, a mixed community of aerobic ammonia oxidizers was immobilized on sponge carriers and used to convert the D-CH4 gas into useful biofuel methanol at a rate of 0.73 kg COD m-3 d-1 equivalent of COD with a methanol production of 31.5 g COD m-3 d-1. On a COD basis, the amount of methanol generated could denitrify nearly 7 mg L-1 of NO3-N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedansh Gupta
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Ramesh Goel
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA.
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Choi M, Cho K, Jeong D, Chung YC, Park J, Lee S, Bae H. Effects of the ammonium loading rate on nitrite-oxidizing activity during nitrification at a high dose of inorganic carbon. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2018; 53:708-717. [PMID: 29469652 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2018.1439854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of the ammonium loading rate (ALR) and inorganic carbon loading rate (ILR) on the nitrification performance and composition of a nitrifying bacterial community were investigated in a moving bed biofilm reactor, using poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) sponge cubes as a supporting carrier. Between the two ALRs of 0.36 and 2.16 kg-N m-1 d-1, stable partial nitritation was achieved at the higher ALR. Inorganic carbon was dosed at high levels: 33.1, 22.0, 16.4, 11.0, and 5.4 times the theoretical amount. Nonetheless, nitrification efficiency was not affected by the ILR at the two ALRs. Quantitative PCR analysis of ammonia- and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria revealed that ALR is an important determinant of partial nitritation by accumulating ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in the nitrification system. In comparison, two nitrite-oxidizing bacterial genera (Nitrobacter and Nitrospira) showed almost the same relative abundance at various ALRs and ILRs. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism targeting the gene of ammonia monooxygenase subunit A revealed that Nitrosomonas europaea dominated under all conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyu Choi
- a Center for Water Resource Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) , Seoul , Republic of Korea
- b Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Yonsei University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungjin Cho
- a Center for Water Resource Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Dawoon Jeong
- a Center for Water Resource Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) , Seoul , Republic of Korea
- c Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Yonsei University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Chul Chung
- a Center for Water Resource Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Joonhong Park
- b Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Yonsei University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Seockheon Lee
- a Center for Water Resource Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyokwan Bae
- d Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Pusan National University , Busan , Republic of Korea
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Hu D, Zhou Z, Shen X, Wei H, Jiang LM, Lv Y. Effects of alkalinity on membrane bioreactors for reject water treatment: Performance improvement, fouling mitigation and microbial structures. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 197:217-226. [PMID: 26340030 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.08.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Two submerged membrane bioreactors (MBRs) for reject water treatment were operated to investigate effects of sodium bicarbonate (SB) addition on enhancing process performance and mitigating membrane fouling. Results showed that SB addition enhanced average removal efficiencies of COD and NH4-N by 14.6% and 38.3%, respectively. With SB addition, the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content in activated sludge increased, but those in membrane foulants greatly decreased. Gel permeation chromatography analysis demonstrated that EPS in MBRs for reject water treatment had much larger molecular weight (MW) and broader MW distribution than those in MBRs for municipal wastewater treatment. The fouling mitigation by SB was attributed to a deprotonation mechanism reduced EPS adsorption on negatively charged membrane surfaces, and improvement of degradation efficiency of macromolecular organic matters. SB addition into MBRs for reject water treatment increased microbial abundance, enriched nitrifying bacteria, and converted predominant AOB genus from Nitrosomonas to Nitrosospira.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalong Hu
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, 2588 Changyang Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, 2588 Changyang Road, Shanghai 200090, China.
| | - Xuelian Shen
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, 2588 Changyang Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Haijuan Wei
- Shanghai Chentou Wastewater Treatment Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lu-Man Jiang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, 2588 Changyang Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Yan Lv
- Shanghai Chentou Wastewater Treatment Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201203, China
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Bae H, Chung YC, Yang H, Lee C, Aryapratama R, Yoo YJ, Lee S. Assessment of bacterial community structure in nitrifying biofilm under inorganic carbon-sufficient and -limited conditions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2015; 50:201-212. [PMID: 25560266 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2014.975550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, nitrification and changes in the composition of the total bacterial community under inorganic carbon (IC)-limited conditions, in a nitrifying moving bed biofilm reactor, was investigated. A culture-independent analysis of cloning and sequencing based on the 16S rRNA gene was applied to quantify the bacterial diversity and to determine bacterial taxonomic assignment. IC concentrations had significant effects on the stability of ammonia-oxidation as indicated by the reduction of the nitrogen conversion rate with high NH4(+)-N loadings. The predominance of Nitrosomonas europaea was maintained in spite of changes in the IC concentration. In contrast, heterotrophic bacterial species contributed to a high bacterial diversity, and to a dynamic shift in the bacterial community structure, under IC-limited conditions. In this study, individual functions of heterotrophic bacteria were estimated based on taxonomic information. Possible key roles of coexisting heterotrophic bacteria are the assimilation of organic compounds of extracellular polymeric substances produced by nitrifiers, and biofilm formation by providing a filamentous structure and aggregation properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyokwan Bae
- a Center for Water Resource Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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Bae H, Yang H, Chung YC, Yoo YJ, Lee S. High-rate partial nitritation using porous poly(vinyl alcohol) sponge. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2013; 37:1115-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-013-1083-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nitrifying bacterial community structures and their nitrification performance under sufficient and limited inorganic carbon conditions. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 97:6513-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4436-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2012] [Revised: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Elliott GN, Thomas N, Macrae M, Campbell CD, Ogden ID, Singh BK. Multiplex T-RFLP allows for increased target number and specificity: detection of Salmonella enterica and six species of Listeria in a single test. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43672. [PMID: 22937073 PMCID: PMC3427147 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A multiplex T-RFLP test was developed to detect and identify Salmonella enterica and all six species of Listeria inoculated into milk at minimal levels. Extensive in silico analysis was used to design a fifteen-primer, six-amplimer methodology and in vitro application showed target organism DNA, when amplified individually, yielded the predicted terminal restriction fragments (TRFs) following digestion. Non-target organisms were either not-amplified or yielded TRFs which did not interfere with target identification. Multiple target DNA analysis gave over 86% detection of total TRFs predicted, and this was improved to over 90% detection of total TRFs predicted when only two target DNA extracts were combined analysed. Co-inoculation of milk with five strains each of the target species of S. enterica and L. monocytogenes, along with five strains of the non-target species E. coli was followed by enrichment in SEL medium for M-TRFLP analysis. This allowed for detection of both target species in all samples, with detection of one S. enterica and two Listeria TRFs in all cases, and detection of a second S. enterica TRF in 91% of cases. This was from an initial inoculum of <5 cfu per 25 ml milk with a background of competing E. coli present, and gave a result from sampling of under 20 hours. The ability to increase target species number without loss of sensitivity means that extensive screening can be performed at reduced cost due to a reduction in the number of tests required.
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Torà JA, Lafuente J, Baeza JA, Carrera J. Combined effect of inorganic carbon limitation and inhibition by free ammonia and free nitrous acid on ammonia oxidizing bacteria. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2010; 101:6051-6058. [PMID: 20356734 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Revised: 02/22/2010] [Accepted: 03/03/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The inhibitory effect of free ammonia (NH(3) or FA) and free nitrous acid (HNO(2) or FNA) on the ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and the dependence of the AOB activity on the concentration of total inorganic carbon (TIC) are well-established. In contrast, less is know about the effect of high FA and FNA concentrations in combination with TIC limitation. Respirometric tests performed with an enriched AOB sludge (81% of AOB as measured with fluorescent in situ hybridization) established that AOB inhibition by FA under TIC limitation was higher than under non-limiting TIC conditions (Haldane inhibition coefficients of 139 and 376 mg NH(3)L(-1)). AOB affinity for FA decreased under TIC limitation conditions (half-saturation coefficient of 0.28 mg NH(3)L(-1) without TIC limitation and 4.3 mg NH(3)L(-1) with TIC limitation). Higher inhibition by FNA was observed when TIC was limited since the non-competitive inhibition coefficient decreased from 1.31 mg HNO(2)L(-1) (without TIC limitation) to 0.21 mg HNO(2)L(-1) (with TIC limitation). This study demonstrates that AOB inhibitions by FA and FNA are amplified with TIC limitation and consequently, AOB dynamics are strongly modified under TIC limitation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep A Torà
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Escola d'Enginyeria - Campus UAB - 08193 Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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