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Yuan F, Li H, Yang M, Chen W, Chen H, Xu H, Li J, Sheng L, Liu C, Li Y, Li H, Li X. Pharmacokinetics of Icosapent Ethyl: An Open-Label, Multiple Oral Dose, Parallel Design Study in Healthy Chinese Subjects. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2023; 12:6-13. [PMID: 35781804 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.1130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Icosapent ethyl (IPE) is a high-purity prescription form of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ethyl ester that has been approved to lower triglyceride levels in adult patients with severe (≥500 mg/dL) hypertriglyceridemia. Before this study, there were no pharmacokinetics (PK) or safety data in Chinese patients after receiving IPE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the PK of EPA in plasma and red blood cells and safety after oral administration of IPE capsules for 28 consecutive days in healthy Chinese subjects. It was a randomized, open-label, parallel-designed multiple-dose, phase I study. Twenty-four subjects were enrolled and randomly assigned to 2 groups, including 6 men and 6 women in each group. Group A received IPE 2.0 g/day (1×1 g twice daily), and group B received IPE 4.0 g/day (2×1 g twice daily) with dosing after standard meals for 28 days. During the treatment period, PK samples were collected from all subjects before the morning dose on days 1, 14, 26, and 28. Following completion of the last study drug administration in the morning on day 28, an 18-day posttreatment PK sample collection period was followed. Twenty-four eligible subjects were enrolled in this study, and 1 subject withdrew from the study. The main PK parameters (baseline-corrected maximum observed plasma concentration and area under the plasma concentration-time curve during a dosing interval) of plasma total EPA, RBC EPA, and plasma unesterified EPA increased with dose. Chinese healthy subjects who took IPE capsules orally in the dose range of 2.0 to 4.0 g/day for 28 consecutive days were safe and tolerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yuan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengjie Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weili Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanjing Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongrong Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Sheng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Li
- Eddingpharm (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, Suzhou, China
| | - Huan Li
- Eddingpharm (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuening Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Okada M, Hirata A, Kashiwase K, Nakanishi H, Amiya R, Ueda Y, Higuchi Y, Sakata Y. Impact of Preprocedural Serum Eicosapentaenoic Acid to Arachidonic Acid Ratio on Post-Ablation Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation. Int Heart J 2019; 60:1334-1343. [PMID: 31735788 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.19-329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the impact of the serum eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) to arachidonic acid (AA) ratio on recurrence after catheter ablation (CA) for atrial fibrillation (AF).A total of 192 patients who underwent first-time radiofrequency CA for AF were enrolled in this study. They were divided into two groups based on the median serum EPA/AA ratio before CA: a LOW group (< 0.30; n = 96) and a HIGH group (≥ 0.30; n = 96). Patients in the LOW group were younger and had smaller left atrial diameter (LAD) than those in the HIGH group. Although pulmonary vein triggers initiating AF were more frequently observed in the LOW group than the HIGH group (63% versus 46%, respectively; P = 0.021), no significant between-group difference was observed regarding the incidence of AF recurrence since the last procedure (17% versus 17%, P = 0.78; median follow-up, 37 months). Multivariate Cox regression analysis after adjustment for age and LAD revealed that EPA/AA of < 0.30 was not a significant predictor of AF recurrence (hazard ratio, 1.12; 95% confidence interval 0.53-2.37; P = 0.76). However, in the non-paroxysmal AF subgroup (n = 65), the incidence of AF recurrence was significantly higher in the LOW group than in the HIGH group (25.7% versus 6.7%, respectively; P = 0.031).In conclusion, a lower preprocedural EPA/AA ratio, which was associated with younger age and small left atrium, was not a predictor for the risk of AF recurrence after CA for AF. The potential impact of the ratio on recurrence in non-paroxysmal AF subgroups should be examined with larger samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akio Hirata
- Cardiovascular Division, Osaka Police Hospital
| | | | - Hiroyuki Nakanishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Yasunori Ueda
- Cardiovascular Division, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital
| | | | - Yasushi Sakata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
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Abe S, Sugimura H, Watanabe S, Murakami Y, Ebisawa K, Ioka T, Takahashi T, Ando T, Kono K, Inoue T. Eicosapantaenoic acid treatment based on the EPA/AA ratio in patients with coronary artery disease: follow-up data from the Tochigi Ryomo EPA/AA Trial in Coronary Artery Disease (TREAT-CAD) study. Hypertens Res 2018; 41:939-946. [DOI: 10.1038/s41440-018-0102-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Sawaguchi T, Nakajima T, Hasegawa T, Shibasaki I, Kaneda H, Obi S, Kuwata T, Sakuma M, Toyoda S, Ohni M, Abe S, Fukuda H, Inoue T. Serum adiponectin and TNFα concentrations are closely associated with epicardial adipose tissue fatty acid profiles in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2018; 18:86-95. [PMID: 29750183 PMCID: PMC5941235 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) releases both adiponectin and TNFα, and these two adipokines play important roles in heart diseases such as coronary arterial disease. The aim of the present study was to clarify whether fatty acid (FA) profiles in EAT are linked to the serum concentration of these adipokines. The relationships between serum adipokine levels and FA profiles in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery were analyzed. METHODS Patients (n = 21) undergoing cardiovascular surgery (11 males, 70.4 ± 9.0 years, BMI 26.0 ± 5.1 kg/m2) were included. EAT samples were taken. We measured clinical biochemical data and FA profiles in venous blood and EAT samples using gas chromatography. Serum adiponectin and TNFα concentrations were also measured. RESULTS The adiponectin and TNFα levels were not correlated with any fatty acid concentration in serum lipids. In contrast, there was a positive correlation between the serum adiponectin level and epicardial level of nervonic acid (C24:1ω9, r = 0.525, P = 0.025). In multiple regression analysis, adiponectin showed a positive association with the epicardial C24:1ω9 concentration after controlling for age and BMI, or TG, non-HDL-C, and BNP. The serum TNFα concentration was negatively correlated with the epicardial C18:3ω3, C12:0 and C18:0 content. In multiple regression analysis, the serum TNFα concentration showed a positive association with the epicardial C18:3ω3 level (β = - 0.575, P = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that there is a close relationship between epicardial FA profiles and serum levels of adiponectin and TNFα. Dietary therapy to target FA profiles may be helpful to modulate inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Sawaguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University and Heart Center, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Nakajima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University and Heart Center, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takaaki Hasegawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University and Heart Center, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Ikuko Shibasaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kaneda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University and Heart Center, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Syotaro Obi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University and Heart Center, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kuwata
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Masashi Sakuma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University and Heart Center, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shigeru Toyoda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University and Heart Center, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Ohni
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shichiro Abe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University and Heart Center, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Fukuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Teruo Inoue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University and Heart Center, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
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Morito N, Suematsu Y, Koyoshi R, Shiga Y, Kuwano T, Iwata A, Fujimi K, Kawamura A, Miura SI. The Current Conditions and Lifestyles of Obese University Students. J Clin Med Res 2018; 10:240-246. [PMID: 29416584 PMCID: PMC5798272 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr3329w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in Japan remains high, and the onset becomes early. Studies on the current conditions and lifestyles of obese university students may support early interventions to achieve lifestyle modification. Methods and Results The results of periodic health examinations in 32,262 first-year university students revealed that 2,036 (6.3%) were obese. We performed a more detailed examination in 221 of these obese students (165 males and 56 females, age 19 ± 1 years) with study agreement from 2014 to 2016. In this study cohort, the percentage of students who exercised regularly was significantly higher among males than females. Body fat in males with well-exercised was lower than that in males with no exercise. In addition, serum level of high-density cholesterol in males with well-exercised was higher. Among females, there were no significant differences in these parameters between exercisers and non-exercisers. Forty-two obese students (40 males and two females) met the diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Among males, levels of body fat, uric acid, liver enzyme and insulin resistance in the MetS group were significantly higher than those in the non-MetS group. The average ratio of eicosapentaenoic acid to arachidonic acid (EPA/AA) was low (0.14). Conclusions Although the proportions of students with obesity and/or MetS were not high, the EPA/AA ratio in obese young males was low, which may be associated with a high risk of coronary atherosclerosis. To prevent the onset of cardiovascular diseases early intervention to achieve lifestyle modification may be important.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasunori Suematsu
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Rie Koyoshi
- Division of Medical Safety Management, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuhei Shiga
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Kuwano
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iwata
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kanta Fujimi
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Kawamura
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.,Post-Graduate Education Center, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Miura
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Therapeutics, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
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Aikawa T, Miyazaki T, Shimada K, Sugita Y, Shimizu M, Ouchi S, Kadoguchi T, Yokoyama Y, Shiozawa T, Hiki M, Takahashi S, Al Shahi H, Dohi S, Amano A, Daida H. Low Serum Levels of EPA are Associated with the Size and Growth Rate of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. J Atheroscler Thromb 2017; 24:912-920. [PMID: 28331158 PMCID: PMC5587517 DOI: 10.5551/jat.38315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have been reported to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, whether omega-3 PUFAs are involved in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) remains unclear. Methods: We analyzed 67 consecutive patients admitted for the elective surgical repair of AAA. We investigated the association of serum EPA and DHA levels as well as the EPA/AA ratio with the size of AAA assessed using three-dimensional reconstructed computed tomography images. Results: Mean patient age was 70 ± 9 years and 60 patients were male. Serum EPA and DHA levels were 75.2 ± 35.7 µg/mL and 146.1 ± 48.5 µg/mL, respectively. EPA/AA ratio was 0.44 ± 0.22, which was lower than those in healthy Japanese subject and equivalent to those in Japanese patients with coronary artery disease as previously reported. Mean of the maximum AAA diameter was 56.4 ± 8.9 mm, and serum EPA levels and EPA/AA ratio negatively correlated with it (r = −0.32 and r = −0.32, respectively). Multiple liner regression analysis showed that EPA levels were significant independent factor contributing to the maximum AAA diameter. Furthermore, low serum EPA levels and low EPA/AA ratio were significantly associated with the growth rate of AAA diameter (r = −0.43 and r = −0.33, respectively). Conclusion: EPA levels in patients with AAA were relatively low. Low serum EPA levels and EPA/AA ratio were associated with the size and growth rate of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Aikawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tetsuro Miyazaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kazunori Shimada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yurina Sugita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Megumi Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Shohei Ouchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tomoyasu Kadoguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yasutaka Yokoyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tomoyuki Shiozawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Masaru Hiki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Shuhei Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hamad Al Shahi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Shizuyuki Dohi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Atsushi Amano
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroyuki Daida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
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Which has the stronger impact on coronary artery disease, eicosapentaenoic acid or docosahexaenoic acid? Hypertens Res 2016; 39:272-5. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2015.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Metherel AH, Stark KD. The stability of blood fatty acids during storage and potential mechanisms of degradation: A review. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2016; 104:33-43. [PMID: 26802940 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acids in blood samples, particularly polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), are susceptible to degradation through peroxidation reactions during long-term storage. Storage of blood samples is necessary in almost all studies and is crucial for larger clinical studies and in field research settings where it is not plausible for analytical infrastructure. Despite this, PUFA stability during blood storage is often overlooked. This review introduces and discusses lipid peroxidation and popular strategies employed to prevent or minimize peroxidation reactions during fatty acid analysis. Further, an in-depth examination of fatty acid stability during storage of blood is discussed in detail for all blood fractions including plasma/serum, erythrocytes and whole blood stored both in cryovials and on chromatography paper before discussing the associated mechanisms of degradation during storage. To our knowledge this is the first review of its kind and will provide researchers with the necessary information to confidently store blood samples for fatty acid analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam H Metherel
- University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1
| | - Ken D Stark
- University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1.
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Fukami A, Adachi H, Hirai Y, Enomoto M, Otsuka M, Kumagai E, Nakamura S, Yoshimura A, Obuchi A, Nohara Y, Nakao E, Hori K, Fukumoto Y. Association of serum eicosapentaenoic acid to arachidonic acid ratio with microalbuminuria in a population of community-dwelling Japanese. Atherosclerosis 2015; 239:577-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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