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Saini H, Basu P, Nesari T, Huddar VG, Ray K, Srivastava A, Gupta S, Mehrotra R, Tripathi R. Therapeutic and pharmacological efficacy of plant-derived bioactive compounds in targeting breast cancer. Am J Transl Res 2024; 16:1499-1520. [PMID: 38883353 PMCID: PMC11170612 DOI: 10.62347/nuzn4999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) ranks number one among cancers affecting women globally. Serious concerns include delayed diagnosis, poor prognosis, and adverse side effects of conventional treatment, leading to residual morbidity. Therefore, an alternative treatment approach that is safe and effective has become the need of the hour. In this regard, plant-based medicines via a combination of conventional drugs are gaining increasing acceptance worldwide, playing a pivotal role in cancer management as proven by their efficacy evaluation studies. This review aims to fill the knowledge gaps by providing the preclinical evidence of cellular and molecular mechanisms of Indian phytomedicines in targeting varied pathways of breast cancer progression. A comprehensive search was performed on different platforms, followed by screening of relevant studies for review. In this article, the in-depth of various botanical drugs covering their nomenclature, dosage, toxicity, and modus operandi in BC cells have been extensively discussed. Various signaling pathways like Notch signaling, MAPK signaling, apoptosis, Wnt signaling, etc. regulated by herbal medicine treatment in BC are also highlighted to understand the drug mechanism better. This will guide the researchers to plan future strategies and generate more robust integrated evidence of plant-based drugs or botanical formulations for their potential role in the management of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena Saini
- Integrated Translational Molecular Biology Unit (ITMBU), Department of Rog Nidan evam Vikriti Vigyan (Pathology), All India Institute of Ayurveda New Delhi-110076, India
| | - Partha Basu
- Section of Early Detection and Prevention, International Agency for Research on Cancer Lyon-69008, France
| | - Tanuja Nesari
- Department of Dravyaguna (Materia Medica and Pharmacology), All India Institute of Ayurveda New Delhi-110076, India
| | - Vitthal Govindappa Huddar
- Department of Kayachikitsa (Internal Medicine), All India Institute of Ayurveda New Delhi-110076, India
| | - Koninika Ray
- Open Health Systems Laboratory (OHSL) Los Gatos, California-95032, US
| | - Anil Srivastava
- Open Health Systems Laboratory (OHSL) Los Gatos, California-95032, US
| | - Subhash Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Ravi Mehrotra
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University Atlanta, Georgia-30322, US
| | - Richa Tripathi
- Integrated Translational Molecular Biology Unit (ITMBU), Department of Rog Nidan evam Vikriti Vigyan (Pathology), All India Institute of Ayurveda New Delhi-110076, India
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2
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Shi Q, Huang F, Wang Y, Liu H, Deng H, Chen YG. HER2 phosphorylation induced by TGF-β promotes mammary morphogenesis and breast cancer progression. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202307138. [PMID: 38407425 PMCID: PMC10896696 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202307138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and HER2 signaling collaborate to promote breast cancer progression. However, their molecular interplay is largely unclear. TGF-β can activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and AKT, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, we report that TGF-β enhances HER2 activation, leading to the activation of MAPK and AKT. This process depends on the TGF-β type I receptor TβRI kinase activity. TβRI phosphorylates HER2 at Ser779, promoting Y1248 phosphorylation and HER2 activation. Mice with HER2 S779A mutation display impaired mammary morphogenesis, reduced ductal elongation, and branching. Furthermore, wild-type HER2, but not S779A mutant, promotes TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell migration, and lung metastasis of breast cells. Increased HER2 S779 phosphorylation is observed in human breast cancers and positively correlated with the activation of HER2, MAPK, and AKT. Our findings demonstrate the crucial role of TGF-β-induced S779 phosphorylation in HER2 activation, mammary gland development, and the pro-oncogenic function of TGF-β in breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoni Shi
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yalong Wang
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huidong Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiteng Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ye-Guang Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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3
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Sanz-Álvarez M, Luque M, Morales-Gallego M, Cristóbal I, Ramírez-Merino N, Rangel Y, Izarzugaza Y, Eroles P, Albanell J, Madoz-Gúrpide J, Rojo F. Generation and Characterization of Trastuzumab/Pertuzumab-Resistant HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:207. [PMID: 38203378 PMCID: PMC10779249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The combination of trastuzumab and pertuzumab as first-line therapy in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer has shown significant clinical benefits compared to trastuzumab alone. However, despite initial therapeutic success, most patients eventually progress, and tumors develop acquired resistance and invariably relapse. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve our understanding of the mechanisms governing resistance in order to develop targeted therapeutic strategies with improved efficacy. We generated four novel HER2-positive cell lines via prolonged exposure to trastuzumab and pertuzumab and determined their resistance rates. Long-term resistance was confirmed by a significant increase in the colony-forming capacity of the derived cells. We authenticated the molecular identity of the new lines via both immunohistochemistry for the clinical phenotype and molecular profiling of point mutations. HER2 overexpression was confirmed in all resistant cell lines, and acquisition of resistance to trastuzumab and pertuzumab did not translate into differences in ER, PR, and HER2 receptor expression. In contrast, changes in the expression and activity of other HER family members, particularly HER4, were observed. In the same vein, analyses of the receptor and effector kinase status of different cellular pathways revealed that the MAPK pathway may be involved in the acquisition of resistance to trastuzumab and pertuzumab. Finally, proteomic analysis confirmed a significant change in the abundance patterns of more than 600 proteins with implications in key biological processes, such as ribosome formation, mitochondrial activity, and metabolism, which could be relevant mechanisms in the generation of resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer. We concluded that these resistant BCCLs may be a valuable tool to better understand the mechanisms of acquisition of resistance to trastuzumab and pertuzumab-based anti-HER2 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sanz-Álvarez
- Department of Pathology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital Health Research Institute (IIS—FJD, UAM)—CIBERONC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.-Á.); (M.L.); (M.M.-G.)
| | - Melani Luque
- Department of Pathology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital Health Research Institute (IIS—FJD, UAM)—CIBERONC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.-Á.); (M.L.); (M.M.-G.)
| | - Miriam Morales-Gallego
- Department of Pathology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital Health Research Institute (IIS—FJD, UAM)—CIBERONC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.-Á.); (M.L.); (M.M.-G.)
| | - Ion Cristóbal
- Translational Oncology Division, OncoHealth Institute, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital Health Research Institute (IIS—FJD, UAM)—CIBERONC, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | - Yamileth Rangel
- Department of Pathology, Infanta Elena University Hospital, 28342 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Yann Izarzugaza
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Pilar Eroles
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA—CIBERONC, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Joan Albanell
- Cancer Research Program, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital del Mar—CIBERONC, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08002 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Madoz-Gúrpide
- Department of Pathology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital Health Research Institute (IIS—FJD, UAM)—CIBERONC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.-Á.); (M.L.); (M.M.-G.)
| | - Federico Rojo
- Department of Pathology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital Health Research Institute (IIS—FJD, UAM)—CIBERONC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.-Á.); (M.L.); (M.M.-G.)
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4
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Kovaleva OV, Podlesnaya PA, Vasileva MV, Kopnin PB, Balkin AS, Plotnikov AO, Kushlinskii NE, Gratchev AN. Transcriptome of Lung Cancer Cells Resistant to the Cytotoxic Activity of Macrophages. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2022; 507:312-317. [PMID: 36786993 DOI: 10.1134/s160767292205009x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The role of the immune system in tumor progression has been the subject of research for more than 100 years since Paul Ehrlich hypothesized that the presence of the immune system limits the occurrence of cancer. One of the mechanisms hindering the initiation and progression of the tumor is the cytotoxic activity of macrophages; however, in some cases, it is not sufficient to control tumorigenesis. This may be due to both the development of resistance of tumor cells to the antitumor activity of macrophages and the development of a tolerant phenotype of macrophages that do not have sufficient antitumor activity. In this work, the lung cancer cells resistant to the cytotoxic action of macrophages were obtained and characterized for the first time, and the genes associated with the observed changes were identified. Understanding the mechanisms of resistance of tumor cells to the cytotoxic activity of macrophages and the peculiarities of its manifestation in a tumor environment is critically important for improving the effectiveness of the existing methods of cancer treatment and developing novel methods for tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- O V Kovaleva
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia.
| | - P A Podlesnaya
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - M V Vasileva
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - P B Kopnin
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A S Balkin
- Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
| | - A O Plotnikov
- Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
| | - N E Kushlinskii
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A N Gratchev
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
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5
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Zhou L, Shan Z, Fan J. Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Human Bone Marrow Stem Cells Inhibit Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cell Growth by Inhibiting MAPK Pathway via the miR-29b-3p/GDF15 Axis. Acta Haematol 2022; 146:504-516. [PMID: 36327876 DOI: 10.1159/000527456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a common hematologic neoplastic disease. This study discussed the effect of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on ALL cells and the mechanism. METHODS BMSCs-EVs were isolated by differential centrifugation and identified. The effect of BMSCs-EVs on ALL cell proliferation and apoptosis was evaluated. The expression of miR-29b-3p in ALL cells and EVs was detected. The uptake of EVs by ALL cells was observed. The effect of miR-29b-3p on ALL cell proliferation and apoptosis was assessed after silencing miR-29b-3p. The targeting relation of miR-29b-3p and GDF15 was analyzed by bioinformatics website and dual-luciferase assay. The role of GDF15 in proliferation and apoptosis of ALL cells was further confirmed, and Western blot assay was performed to measure MAPK pathway-related protein levels. RESULTS BMSC-derived EVs inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of ALL cells, as shown by the up-regulation of caspase-3 and Bax expressions and down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression. EVs carried miR-29b-3p into ALL cells, upregulated miR-29b-3p expression in ALL cells, and inhibited GDF15 expression. Silencing of miR-29b-3p or overexpression of GDF15 partially reversed the effect of EVs. EVs inhibited the MAPK pathway through the miR-29b-3p/GDF15 axis. CONCLUSION BMSCs-EVs carried miR-29b-3p into ALL cells, upregulated miR-29b-3p, and inhibited GDF15 to suppress the MAPK pathway and further inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis of ALL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Department of Hematopathology, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China
| | - Zhe Shan
- Department of Hematopathology, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jiangsha Fan
- Department of Hematopathology, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China
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Ganjoo S, Puebla-Osorio N, Nanez S, Hsu E, Voss T, Barsoumian H, Duong LK, Welsh JW, Cortez MA. Bone morphogenetic proteins, activins, and growth and differentiation factors in tumor immunology and immunotherapy resistance. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1033642. [PMID: 36353620 PMCID: PMC9638036 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1033642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The TGF-β superfamily is a group of secreted polypeptides with key roles in exerting and regulating a variety of physiologic effects, especially those related to cell signaling, growth, development, and differentiation. Although its central member, TGF-β, has been extensively reviewed, other members of the family-namely bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), activins, and growth and differentiation factors (GDFs)-have not been as thoroughly investigated. Moreover, although the specific roles of TGF-β signaling in cancer immunology and immunotherapy resistance have been extensively reported, little is known of the roles of BMPs, activins, and GDFs in these domains. This review focuses on how these superfamily members influence key immune cells in cancer progression and resistance to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maria Angelica Cortez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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Kondapaneni RV, Warren R, Rao SS. Low dose chemotherapy induces a dormant state in brain metastatic breast cancer spheroids. AIChE J 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raghu Vamsi Kondapaneni
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL USA
| | - Rachel Warren
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL USA
| | - Shreyas S. Rao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL USA
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8
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Ahmed MB, Alghamdi AAA, Islam SU, Lee JS, Lee YS. cAMP Signaling in Cancer: A PKA-CREB and EPAC-Centric Approach. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132020. [PMID: 35805104 PMCID: PMC9266045 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common causes of death globally. Despite extensive research and considerable advances in cancer therapy, the fundamentals of the disease remain unclear. Understanding the key signaling mechanisms that cause cancer cell malignancy may help to uncover new pharmaco-targets. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) regulates various biological functions, including those in malignant cells. Understanding intracellular second messenger pathways is crucial for identifying downstream proteins involved in cancer growth and development. cAMP regulates cell signaling and a variety of physiological and pathological activities. There may be an impact on gene transcription from protein kinase A (PKA) as well as its downstream effectors, such as cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB). The position of CREB downstream of numerous growth signaling pathways implies its oncogenic potential in tumor cells. Tumor growth is associated with increased CREB expression and activation. PKA can be used as both an onco-drug target and a biomarker to find, identify, and stage tumors. Exploring cAMP effectors and their downstream pathways in cancer has become easier using exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC) modulators. This signaling system may inhibit or accelerate tumor growth depending on the tumor and its environment. As cAMP and its effectors are critical for cancer development, targeting them may be a useful cancer treatment strategy. Moreover, by reviewing the material from a distinct viewpoint, this review aims to give a knowledge of the impact of the cAMP signaling pathway and the related effectors on cancer incidence and development. These innovative insights seek to encourage the development of novel treatment techniques and new approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal Ahmed
- BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (M.B.A.); (J.-S.L.)
| | | | - Salman Ul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Cecos University, Peshawar, Street 1, Sector F 5 Phase 6 Hayatabad, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan;
| | - Joon-Seok Lee
- BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (M.B.A.); (J.-S.L.)
| | - Young-Sup Lee
- BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (M.B.A.); (J.-S.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-950-6353; Fax: +82-53-943-2762
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Zhang H, Wang M, Chen D, Luo C. Dual-specificity phosphatase 8 (DUSP8) induces drug resistance in breast cancer by regulating MAPK pathways. J Investig Med 2022; 70:1293-1300. [DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-002282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to explore the role and molecular mechanism of dual-specificity phosphatase 8 (DUSP8) in the drug resistance of trastuzumab in breast cancer. Real-time PCR and western blot detected the difference in expression of DUSP8 between breast cancer tissue/cells and trastuzumab-resistant tissues/cells. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of DUSP8 in breast cancer. si-DUSP8 or dusp8 overexpression vector was transiently transfected, and the effects of si-DUSP8 on apoptosis, cell viability and cell migration of drug-resistant cell lines were investigated by flow cytometry, MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) and Transwell assays, and its regulation mechanism finally explored. The results showed that the expression of DUSP8 in breast cancer tissues and cells was significantly higher than in matched non-tumor tissues and cells. DUSP8 was significantly upregulated in non-responsive patients compared with patients who responded to trastuzumab. ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve was 0.732, and the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 64.86% and 75.76%. DUSP8 knockdown promotes apoptosis and reduces trastuzumab resistance in BT474/TR and SKBR3/TR cells by inhibiting cell migration and cell viability. Knockdown of DUSP8 increased the expression of p-p38 and p-ERK, and the regulation of DUSP8 in chemotherapy resistance of breast cancer cells may be realized by mediating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-related signaling pathways. In conclusion, knockdown of DUSP8 expression in trastuzumab-resistant cells can inhibit cell migration and proliferation, and leads to decreased drug resistance by activating MAPK signaling pathway in trastuzumab-resistant cells.
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Wang S, Wang A, Zhang Y, Zhu K, Wang X, Chen Y, Wu J. The role of MAPK11/12/13/14 (p38 MAPK) protein in dopamine agonist-resistant prolactinomas. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:235. [PMID: 34814904 PMCID: PMC8609849 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00900-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolactinoma is a functional pituitary adenoma that secretes excessive prolactin. Dopamine agonists (DAs) such as bromocriptine (BRC) are the first-line treatment for prolactinomas, but the resistance rate is increasing year by year, creating a clinical challenge. Therefore, it is urgent to explore the molecular mechanism of bromocriptine resistance in prolactinomas. Activation of the P38 MAPK pathway affects multidrug resistance in tumours. Our previous studies have demonstrated that inhibiting MAPK14 can suppress the occurrence of prolactinoma, but the role of MAPK11/12/13/14 (p38 MAPK) signalling in dopamine agonist-resistant prolactinomas is still unclear. METHODS A prolactinoma rat model was established to determine the effect of bromocriptine on MAPK11/12/13/14 signalling. DA-resistant GH3 cells and DA-sensitive MMQ cells were used, and the role of MAPK11/12/13/14 in bromocriptine-resistant prolactinomas was preliminarily verified by western blot, RT-qPCR, ELISA, flow cytometry and CCK-8 experiments. The effects of MAPK11 or MAPK14 on bromocriptine-resistant prolactinomas were further verified by siRNA transfection experiments. RESULTS Bromocriptine was used to treat rat prolactinoma by upregulating DRD2 expression and downregulating the expression level of MAPK11/12/13/14 in vivo experiments. The in vitro experiments showed that GH3 cells are resistant to bromocriptine and that MMQ cells are sensitive to bromocriptine. Bromocriptine could significantly reduce the expression of MAPK12 and MAPK13 in GH3 cells and MMQ cells. Bromocriptine could significantly reduce the expression of MAPK11, MAPK14, NF-κB p65 and Bcl2 in MMQ but had no effect on MAPK11, MAPK14, NF-κB p65 and Bcl2 in GH3 cells. In addition, knockdown of MAPK11 and MAPK14 in GH3 cells by siRNA transfection reversed the resistance of GH3 cells to bromocriptine, and haloperidol (HAL) blocked the inhibitory effect of bromocriptine on MAPK14, MAPK11, and PRL in MMQ cells. Our findings show that MAPK11 and MAPK14 proteins are involved in bromocriptine resistance in prolactinomas. CONCLUSION Bromocriptine reduces the expression of MAPK11/12/13/14 in prolactinomas, and MAPK11 and MAPK14 are involved in bromocriptine resistance in prolactinomas by regulating apoptosis. Reducing the expression of MAPK11 or MAPK14 can reverse bromocriptine resistance in prolactinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuman Wang
- Central lab, Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University, The Third Hospital of Wuhan, 241 Pengliuyang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University, The Third Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, China
| | - Aihua Wang
- Health Examination Center, Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University, The Third Hospital of Wuhan, 241 Pengliuyang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Central lab, Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University, The Third Hospital of Wuhan, 241 Pengliuyang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University, The Third Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, China
| | - Kejing Zhu
- Central lab, Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University, The Third Hospital of Wuhan, 241 Pengliuyang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University, The Third Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, China
| | - Xiong Wang
- Central lab, Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University, The Third Hospital of Wuhan, 241 Pengliuyang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University, The Third Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Yonggang Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University, The Third Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Jinhu Wu
- Central lab, Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University, The Third Hospital of Wuhan, 241 Pengliuyang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University, The Third Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
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11
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Pathophysiological role of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) in obesity, cancer, and cachexia. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2021; 64:71-83. [PMID: 34836750 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 15 or macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (GDF15/MIC-1) is a divergent member of the transforming growth factor β superfamily and has a diverse pathophysiological roles in cancers, cardiometabolic disorders, and other diseases. GDF15 controls hematopoietic growth, energy homeostasis, adipose tissue metabolism, body growth, bone remodeling, and response to stress signals. The role of GDF15 in cancer development and progression is complicated and depends on the specific cancer type, stage, and tumor microenvironment. Recently, research on GDF15 and GDF15-associated signaling has accelerated due to the identification of the GDF15 receptor: glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family receptor α-like (GFRAL). Therapeutic interventions to target GDF15 and/or GFRAL revealed the mechanisms that drive its activity and might improve overall outcomes of patients with metabolic disorders and cancer. This review highlights the structure and functions of GDF15 and its receptor, emphasizing the pleiotropic role of GDF15 in obesity, tumorigenesis, metastasis, immunomodulation, and cachexia.
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12
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Modi A, Purohit P, Gadwal A, Roy D, Fernandes S, Vishnoi JR, Pareek P, Elhence P, Misra S, Sharma P. A Combined Analysis of Serum Growth Differentiation Factor-15 and Cancer Antigen 15-3 Enhances the Diagnostic Efficiency in Breast Cancer. EJIFCC 2021; 32:363-376. [PMID: 34819825 PMCID: PMC8592631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Existing diagnostic biomarkers of breast cancer (BC) are limited by poor sensitivity. In this study, we evaluated the role of serum GDF-15 in early BC diagnosis, independently and in combination with CA15-3, a known blood biomarker of BC. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 113 diagnosed, pre-therapy BC patients and 54 healthy controls were recruited. Clinical characteristics, TNM staging, and hormone receptor status of the patients were recorded. Serum GDF-15 and serum CA15-3 were measured by sandwich ELISA and chemiluminescence assay, respectively. RESULTS The serum GDF-15 levels were significantly (p<0.001) elevated in BC patients compared to healthy controls and in patients with larger tumor size, advanced disease stage, and distant metastasis. ROC analysis revealed that at the cut-off of 525.77 pg/mL, GDF-15 had greater sensitivity than CA15-3. GDF-15 and CA15-3 performed better in combination than individually, with the combined test having an AUC of 0.85 and sensitivity and specificity of 0.63 and 0.98, respectively.Further, serum GDF-15 had a better predictive ability for early-stage BC compared to CA15-3. GDF-15 could independently diagnose BC patients after adjusting for age. CONCLUSION We conclude that serum GDF-15 is a promising, robust marker for detecting early-stage BC. However, larger prospective studies are necessary to validate this claim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupama Modi
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Jodhpur, India
| | - Purvi Purohit
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Jodhpur, India,Corresponding author: Purvi Purohit Department of Biochemistry AIIMS, Jodhpur India
| | | | - Dipayan Roy
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Jodhpur, India
| | | | | | - Puneet Pareek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, AIIMS, Jodhpur, India
| | | | - Sanjeev Misra
- Department of Surgical Oncology, AIIMS, Jodhpur, India
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Su K, Yu Q, Shen R, Sun SY, Moreno CS, Li X, Qin ZS. Pan-cancer analysis of pathway-based gene expression pattern at the individual level reveals biomarkers of clinical prognosis. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2021; 1:100050. [PMID: 34671755 PMCID: PMC8525796 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2021.100050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Identifying biomarkers to predict the clinical outcomes of individual patients is a fundamental problem in clinical oncology. Multiple single-gene biomarkers have already been identified and used in clinics. However, multiple oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes are involved during the process of tumorigenesis. Additionally, the efficacy of single-gene biomarkers is limited by the extensively variable expression levels measured by high-throughput assays. In this study, we hypothesize that in individual tumor samples, the disruption of transcription homeostasis in key pathways or gene sets plays an important role in tumorigenesis and has profound implications for the patient's clinical outcome. We devised a computational method named iPath to identify, at the individual-sample level, which pathways or gene sets significantly deviate from their norms. We conducted a pan-cancer analysis and demonstrated that iPath is capable of identifying highly predictive biomarkers for clinical outcomes, including overall survival, tumor subtypes, and tumor-stage classifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenong Su
- Department of Computer Science, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Qi Yu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Ronglai Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10017, USA
| | - Shi-Yong Sun
- Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Carlos S. Moreno
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Xiaoxian Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Zhaohui S. Qin
- Department of Computer Science, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Expression of Estrogen Receptor- and Progesterone Receptor-Regulating MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12040582. [PMID: 33923732 PMCID: PMC8073827 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In ~70% of breast cancer (BC) cases, estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR) are overexpressed, which can change during tumor progression. Expression changes of these receptors during cancer initiation and progression can be caused by alterations in microRNA (miR, miRNA) expression. To assess the association of BC progression with aberrant expression of miRNAs that target ER and PR mRNAs, we quantified miR-19b, -222, -22, -378a, and -181a in BC samples (n = 174) by real-time PCR. Underexpression of miR-222 and miR-378a in stage T2–T4 BC was characteristic for HER2-overexpressing tumors. In addition, the expression of miR-181a and miR-378a was higher in these tumors than in tumors with a HER2 IHC score of 0 or 1+. In tumors with a Ki-67 index ≥ 14%, all tested miRNAs were underexpressed in BC with a high Allred PR score (6–8). In ER-and-PR–negative tumors, miR-22, miR-222, miR-181a, and miR-378a underexpression was associated with Ki-67 index > 35% (median value). MiR-19b and miR-22 underexpression could be a marker of lymph node metastasis in ER- and/or PR-positive tumors with HER2 IHC score 0. Thus, the association of miR-19b, miR-22, miR-222, miR-378a, and miR-181a levels with BC characteristics is influenced by the status of tumor ER, PR, HER2, and Ki-67.
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15
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Zhang Z, Jiang HJ, Yang HH, Ren JJ, Jiang GQ, Xu JY, Qin LQ. Growth differentiation factor-15 and lactoferrin immuno-expression in breast cancer: relationship with body iron-status and survival outcome. Biometals 2021; 34:303-313. [PMID: 33486678 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-020-00280-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the expression of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) and lactoferrin (Lf) in tumor and their relationship with the body iron-status and overall survival (OS) outcome of patients with breast cancer. A retrospective cohort study of female patients with primary breast cancer was performed. Clinical tumor samples from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between December 2008 and June 2014 were collected. The immuno-expression of GDF-15 and Lf was stratified into positive or negative expression. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression model were used for data analysis. 74 breast cancer patients with a mean age of 52 years were included into our study. 14 (18.9%) patients were died by the end of August 1, 2019. The serum iron level of patients with GDF-15 (+)/Lf(-) expression was higher than that of patients with other expression patterns (18.2 ± 5.4 vs. 15.5 ± 5.0 μmol/L, P = 0.038), but was not associated with OS. In univariate Cox analyses, GDF-15(+) and GDF-15(+)/Lf(-) were significantly correlated with high mortality risk (HR = 3.75, 95%CI 1.05-13.48, P = 0.025; HR = 5.00, 95%CI 1.56-16.04, P = 0.004, respectively). After adjusted for age, menopause status and primary tumor grade, the association between GDF-15 and OS disappeared. However, the association between GDF-15/Lf and OS still existed in GDF-15(+)/Lf(-) (HR = 4.50, 95%CI 1.31-15.51, P = 0.017). The combined immuno-expression pattern of GDF-15 and Lf was significant associated with high serum iron level. GDF-15/Lf could be a powerful biomarker to predict survival outcome of patients with breast cancer but still needed to be confirmed by future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao-Jie Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huan-Huan Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin-Jin Ren
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guo-Qin Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jia-Ying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Li-Qiang Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
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16
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Wischhusen J, Melero I, Fridman WH. Growth/Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15): From Biomarker to Novel Targetable Immune Checkpoint. Front Immunol 2020; 11:951. [PMID: 32508832 PMCID: PMC7248355 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth/differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), also named macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1, is a divergent member of the transforming growth factor β superfamily. While physiological expression is barely detectable in most somatic tissues in humans, GDF-15 is abundant in placenta. Elsewhere, GDF-15 is often induced under stress conditions, seemingly to maintain cell and tissue homeostasis; however, a moderate increase in GDF-15 blood levels is observed with age. Highly elevated GDF-15 levels are mostly linked to pathological conditions including inflammation, myocardial ischemia, and notably cancer. GDF-15 has thus been widely explored as a biomarker for disease prognosis. Mechanistically, induction of anorexia via the brainstem-restricted GDF-15 receptor GFRAL (glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor [GDNF] family receptor α-like) is well-documented. GDF-15 and GFRAL have thus become attractive targets for metabolic intervention. Still, several GDF-15 mediated effects (including its physiological role in pregnancy) are difficult to explain via the described pathway. Hence, there is a clear need to better understand non-metabolic effects of GDF-15. With particular emphasis on its immunomodulatory potential this review discusses the roles of GDF-15 in pregnancy and in pathological conditions including myocardial infarction, autoimmune disease, and specifically cancer. Importantly, the strong predictive value of GDF-15 as biomarker may plausibly be linked to its immune-regulatory function. The described associations and mechanistic data support the hypothesis that GDF-15 acts as immune checkpoint and is thus an emerging target for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Wischhusen
- Experimental Tumor Immunology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Würzburg Medical School, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Wolf Herman Fridman
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université Team Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France
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17
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Karaosmanoğlu O. P38-β/SAPK-inhibiting and apoptosis-inducing activities of (E)-4-chloro-2-((3-ethoxy-2-hydroxybenzylidene) amino)phenol. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 39:1374-1389. [PMID: 32394730 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120924112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study has three purposes; first evaluating cytotoxicity of (E)-4-chloro-2-((3-ethoxy-2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino)phenol (ACES), second deciphering ACES-mediated cellular death mechanism, and third estimating ACES-mediated alterations in the expressions of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway-related genes. Neutral red uptake assay, cell cycle analysis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurements, caspase 3/7 and 9 activations, and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were implemented. IC50 values of ACES-treated five cells were around 4-6 µg/mL. However, Caco-2 and Huh-7 cells were found to be twofold resistant and fivefold sensitive with IC50 values of 11 µg/mL and 0.93 µg/mL, respectively. In this study, it was initially reported that ACES exhibits selective cytotoxicity to Huh-7 cells. In addition, ACES induced apoptosis by nuclear fragmentation, MMP disruption, and intracellular ROS elevation in MCF-7 cells. qRT-PCR experiment indicated the expressions of 30 genes including ATF2, CREB1, MYC, NFATC4 (NFAT3), CCNA1, CCNB1, CCND2, CDK2, CDKN1A (p21CIP1), CDKN1C (p57KIP2), CDKN2A (p16INK4a), CDKN2B (p15INK4b), DLK1, NRAS, CDC42, PAK1, MAP4K1 (HPK1), MAP3K3 (MEKK3), MAP2K3 (MEK3), MAP2K6 (MEK6), MOS, MAPK1 (ERK2), MAPK8 (JNK1), MAPK10 (JNK3), MAPK11 (p38-β), LAMTOR3 (MP1), MAPK8IP2 (JIP-1), PRDX6 (AOP2), COL1A1, and HSPA5 (Grp78) were downregulated at least 1.5-fold. Moreover, ACES effectively inhibited expressions of genes that code for elements of p38-β/stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) pathway. ACES has the potential to be used for the reversal of trastuzumab resistance in breast cancer patients by inhibiting p38/SAPK pathway in MCF-7 cells. Therefore, with the selective cytotoxic, apoptosis-inducing, and p38-β/SAPK-inhibiting activities, ACES can be utilized for developing a novel anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Karaosmanoğlu
- Department of Biology, Kamil Özdağ Faculty of Science, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
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18
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Targeting MAPK Signaling in Cancer: Mechanisms of Drug Resistance and Sensitivity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031102. [PMID: 32046099 PMCID: PMC7037308 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 375] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways represent ubiquitous signal transduction pathways that regulate all aspects of life and are frequently altered in disease. Here, we focus on the role of MAPK pathways in modulating drug sensitivity and resistance in cancer. We briefly discuss new findings in the extracellular signaling-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, but mainly focus on the mechanisms how stress activated MAPK pathways, such as p38 MAPK and the Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), impact the response of cancer cells to chemotherapies and targeted therapies. In this context, we also discuss the role of metabolic and epigenetic aberrations and new therapeutic opportunities arising from these changes.
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19
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Kumar S, Principe DR, Singh SK, Viswakarma N, Sondarva G, Rana B, Rana A. Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Inhibitors and T-Cell-Dependent Immunotherapy in Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E9. [PMID: 31936067 PMCID: PMC7168889 DOI: 10.3390/ph13010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling networks serve to regulate a wide range of physiologic and cancer-associated cell processes. For instance, a variety of oncogenic mutations often lead to hyperactivation of MAPK signaling, thereby enhancing tumor cell proliferation and disease progression. As such, several components of the MAPK signaling network have been proposed as viable targets for cancer therapy. However, the contributions of MAPK signaling extend well beyond the tumor cells, and several MAPK effectors have been identified as key mediators of the tumor microenvironment (TME), particularly with respect to the local immune infiltrate. In fact, a blockade of various MAPK signals has been suggested to fundamentally alter the interaction between tumor cells and T lymphocytes and have been suggested a potential adjuvant to immune checkpoint inhibition in the clinic. Therefore, in this review article, we discuss the various mechanisms through which MAPK family members contribute to T-cell biology, as well as circumstances in which MAPK inhibition may potentiate or limit cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.K.); (D.R.P.); (S.K.S.); (N.V.); (G.S.); (B.R.)
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Daniel R. Principe
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.K.); (D.R.P.); (S.K.S.); (N.V.); (G.S.); (B.R.)
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sunil Kumar Singh
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.K.); (D.R.P.); (S.K.S.); (N.V.); (G.S.); (B.R.)
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Navin Viswakarma
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.K.); (D.R.P.); (S.K.S.); (N.V.); (G.S.); (B.R.)
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Gautam Sondarva
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.K.); (D.R.P.); (S.K.S.); (N.V.); (G.S.); (B.R.)
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Basabi Rana
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.K.); (D.R.P.); (S.K.S.); (N.V.); (G.S.); (B.R.)
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ajay Rana
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.K.); (D.R.P.); (S.K.S.); (N.V.); (G.S.); (B.R.)
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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20
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Ho CJ, Gorski SM. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Autophagy-Mediated Treatment Resistance in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1775. [PMID: 31717997 PMCID: PMC6896088 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in diagnostic tools and therapeutic options, treatment resistance remains a challenge for many cancer patients. Recent studies have found evidence that autophagy, a cellular pathway that delivers cytoplasmic components to lysosomes for degradation and recycling, contributes to treatment resistance in different cancer types. A role for autophagy in resistance to chemotherapies and targeted therapies has been described based largely on associations with various signaling pathways, including MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling. However, our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of autophagy in facilitating treatment resistance remains limited. Here we provide a comprehensive summary of the evidence linking autophagy to major signaling pathways in the context of treatment resistance and tumor progression, and then highlight recently emerged molecular mechanisms underlying autophagy and the p62/KEAP1/NRF2 and FOXO3A/PUMA axes in chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cally J. Ho
- Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada;
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Sharon M. Gorski
- Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada;
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- Centre for Cell Biology, Development, and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
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21
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High-Throughput Assessment of Kinome-wide Activation States. Cell Syst 2019; 9:366-374.e5. [PMID: 31521607 PMCID: PMC6838672 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant kinase activity has been linked to a variety of disorders; however, methods to probe kinase activation states in cells have been lacking. Until now, kinase activity has mainly been deduced from either protein expression or substrate phosphorylation levels. Here, we describe a strategy to directly infer kinase activation through targeted quantification of T-loop phosphorylation, which serves as a critical activation switch in a majority of protein kinases. Combining selective phosphopeptide enrichment with robust targeted mass spectrometry, we provide highly specific assays for 248 peptides, covering 221 phosphosites in the T-loop region of 178 human kinases. Using these assays, we monitored the activation of 63 kinases through 73 T-loop phosphosites across different cell types, primary cells, and patient-derived tissue material. The sensitivity of our assays is highlighted by the reproducible detection of TNF-α-induced RIPK1 activation and the detection of 46 T-loop phosphorylation sites from a breast tumor needle biopsy. Robust targeted MS assays permit observation of conserved kinome activation sites 178 human kinases are characterized in high-throughput assays Kinase activation states are observed in human primary cells and needle biopsy Specific kinase activation states are induced during cell death and drug resistance
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22
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Modi A, Dwivedi S, Roy D, Khokhar M, Purohit P, Vishnoi J, Pareek P, Sharma S, Sharma P, Misra S. Growth differentiation factor 15 and its role in carcinogenesis: an update. Growth Factors 2019; 37:190-207. [PMID: 31693861 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2019.1685988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is a novel cytokine secreted by a variety of cells like macrophages, adipocytes, normally expressed in high amounts by placenta. It is also highly expressed in multiple carcinomas like Colon, Breast, Pancreas, Liver, and Ovarian. Several reports on serum GDF-15 as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of cancer are hampered by the lack of robust data, with large sample size and critical patient recruitment. However, experimental accounts on cancer tumors, cell lines, and animal models suggest GDF-15's role in cancer progression via endothelial mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, metastasis, drug resistance and even stemness of various cancers. GDF-15 could be the point of amalgamation for the various hallmarks of cancer and can prove a useful therapeutic target in cancer. The current review was conceptualized with a thought of critically appraising the existing information of GDF-15 in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupama Modi
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Dipayan Roy
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Manoj Khokhar
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Purvi Purohit
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Puneet Pareek
- Department of Radiotherapy, AIIMS Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shailja Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sanjeev Misra
- Department of Oncosurgery, AIIMS Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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Mortezaee K, Najafi M, Farhood B, Ahmadi A, Potes Y, Shabeeb D, Musa AE. Modulation of apoptosis by melatonin for improving cancer treatment efficiency: An updated review. Life Sci 2019; 228:228-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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24
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Tarfiei GA, Shadboorestan A, Montazeri H, Rahmanian N, Tavosi G, Ghahremani MH. GDF15 induced apoptosis and cytotoxicity in A549 cells depends on TGFBR2 expression. Cell Biochem Funct 2019; 37:320-330. [PMID: 31172564 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
GDF15 plays a paradoxical role during carcinogenesis; it inhibits tumour growth in the early stages and promotes tumour cell proliferation in the late stages of cancer. Besides, GDF15 can induce apoptosis in some cancer cells including A549 but not in some others. Moreover, as a potential receptor for GDF15, TGFBR2 is inactivated during carcinogenesis in many types of cancers, and it is not present in cells with no GDF15 induced apoptosis. Thus, we tested whether GDF15 overexpression and/or TGFBR2 silencing can affect the GDF15 induced apoptosis in A549 cells. The full and mature forms of GDF15 were cloned and overexpressed in A549 cells. The TGFBR2 was silenced using specific siRNA and confirmed by real-time PCR. Results indicated that overexpression of full and mature forms of GDF15 as well as TGFBR2 knocked down reduced A549 cell viability in 24 and 48 hours. Flow cytometric analysis of annexin V/PI indicated induction of apoptosis in A549 cells by overexpression of GDF15 or silencing TGFBR2. Interestingly, the silencing of TGFBR2 inhibited the GDF15 induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in A549 cells. Overexpression of GDF15 activated caspase-9 and caspase-3 and inhibited ERK1/2 and p38 phosphorylation in A549 cells. TGFBR2 knocked down inhibited GDF15 effects on caspases, ERK1/2, and p38MAPK activation. Our results indicated that the effect of GDF15 on apoptosis and activation of MAPK in A549 cells depends on TGFBR2 expression. These findings may point to mechanisms in which GDF15 exerts dual effect during carcinogenesis with regard to TGFBR2 expression. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: GDF15 plays a tumour suppressor or promotor roles during carcinogenesis. The expression of GDF15 induced cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and inhibition of MAPK in A549 cells. All these effects were blocked by silencing TGFBR2 expression. These findings may point to mechanisms in which GDF15 exerts dual effect during carcinogenesis with regard to TGFBR2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghorban Ali Tarfiei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shadboorestan
- Department of Pharmacology -Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Montazeri
- School of Pharmacy-International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Rahmanian
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Tavosi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ghahremani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology -Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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25
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Over-expression of miR-206 decreases the Euthyrox-resistance by targeting MAP4K3 in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 114:108605. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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26
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Price ZK, Lokman NA, Ricciardelli C. Differing Roles of Hyaluronan Molecular Weight on Cancer Cell Behavior and Chemotherapy Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E482. [PMID: 30513961 PMCID: PMC6316154 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10120482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA), a glycosaminoglycan located in the extracellular matrix, is important in embryo development, inflammation, wound healing and cancer. There is an extensive body of research demonstrating the role of HA in all stages of cancer, from initiation to relapse and therapy resistance. HA interacts with multiple cell surface receptors, including CD44, receptor for hyaluronan mediated motility (RHAMM) and intracellular signaling pathways, including receptor tyrosine kinase pathways, to promote the survival and proliferation of cancer cells. Additionally, HA promotes the formation of cancer stem cell (CSC) populations, which are hypothesized to be responsible for the initiation of tumors and therapy resistance. Recent studies have identified that the molecular weight of HA plays differing roles on both normal and cancer cell behavior. This review explores the role of HA in cancer progression and therapy resistance and how its molecular weight is important in regulating CSC populations, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter expression and receptor tyrosine kinase pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe K Price
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.
| | - Noor A Lokman
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.
| | - Carmela Ricciardelli
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.
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Qiao E, Chen D, Li Q, Feng W, Yu X, Zhang X, Xia L, Jin J, Yang H. Long noncoding RNA TALNEC2 plays an oncogenic role in breast cancer by binding to EZH2 to target p57 KIP2 and involving in p-p38 MAPK and NF-κB pathways. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:3978-3988. [PMID: 30378143 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the potential role and regulatory mechanism of long noncoding RNA tumor-associated lncRNA expressed in chromosome 2 (TALNEC2) in breast cancer. The expression of TALNEC2 in breast cancer tissues and cells were investigated. MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) duplexes for targeting TALNEC2 (si-TALNEC2), enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2; si-EZH2) and p57KIP2 (si-p57 KIP2 ), and their corresponding controls (si-NC). The viability, colony forming ability, cell cycle, apoptosis, and autophagy of transfected cells were assessed. The expressions of p-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway-related proteins were investigated. The results showed that TALNEC2 was highly expressed in breast cancer tissues and cells. Knockdown of TALNEC2 significantly inhibited the malignant behaviors of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, including inhibiting cell viability and colony forming, arresting cell cycle at G0/G1 phase, inducing cell apoptosis, and promoting cell autophagy. EZH2 was a TALNEC2 binding protein, which was upregulated in breast cancer tissues and cells and could negatively regulate p57 KIP2 . Effects of TALNEC2 knockdown on malignant behaviors of MCF-7 cells were reversed by p57 KIP2 knockdown. The expressions of p-p38, RelA, and RelB in MCF-7 cells were decreased after knockdown of TALNEC2 or EZH2, which were reversed by knockdown of p57 KIP2 concurrently. In conclusion, TALNEC2 may play an oncogenic role in breast cancer by binding to EZH2 to target p57 KIP2 . Activation of p-p38 MAPK and NF-κB pathways may be key mechanisms mediating the oncogenic role of TALNEC2 in breast cancer. TALNEC2 may serve as a promising target in the therapy of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enqi Qiao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Daobao Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinglin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiliang Feng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingfei Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiping Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Xia
- Department of Cerebral Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ju Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongjian Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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28
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Johnston SJ, Ahmad D, Aleskandarany MA, Kurozumi S, Nolan CC, Diez-Rodriguez M, Green AR, Rakha EA. Co-expression of nuclear P38 and hormone receptors is prognostic of good long-term clinical outcome in primary breast cancer and is linked to upregulation of DNA repair. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1027. [PMID: 30352570 PMCID: PMC6199714 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4924-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background P38 mitogen activated protein kinase is an intermediary signal transduction factor with context-specific roles in breast cancer. Recent mechanistic studies add to the growing consensus that P38 is a tumour suppressor, and it may represent a novel target for breast cancer treatment. The aim of this study is to add definitive data on the prognostic value of P38 and its link with biomarkers in primary breast cancer. Methods A large, well-characterised series of 1332 primary breast cancer patients with long-term clinical follow-up was assessed for P38 expression by immunohistochemistry. Association of clinicopathological factors and a panel of breast cancer biomarkers was determined by chi-squared test, and multivariate survival analysis was performed using Cox Proportional Hazards regression modelling. Results This study shows that nuclear P38 is co-expressed with nuclear hormone receptors (p < 0.001) and is an independent prognostic marker of good long-term clinical outcome in primary breast cancer (hazard ratio 0.796, 95% confidence interval 0.662–0.957, p = 0.015). Significant association was found between expression of P38 and markers of DNA repair including nuclear BRCA1 and RAD51, and cleaved PARP1 (all p < 0.001). Conclusions The findings support the proposed role for P38 as a tumour suppressor in breast cancer via upregulation of DNA repair proteins and provide novel hypothesis-generating information on the potential role of P38 in adjuvant therapy decision making. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4924-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J Johnston
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Dena Ahmad
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Mohammed A Aleskandarany
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sasagu Kurozumi
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Chris C Nolan
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Maria Diez-Rodriguez
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew R Green
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Emad A Rakha
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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29
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Watson SS, Dane M, Chin K, Tatarova Z, Liu M, Liby T, Thompson W, Smith R, Nederlof M, Bucher E, Kilburn D, Whitman M, Sudar D, Mills GB, Heiser LM, Jonas O, Gray JW, Korkola JE. Microenvironment-Mediated Mechanisms of Resistance to HER2 Inhibitors Differ between HER2+ Breast Cancer Subtypes. Cell Syst 2018; 6:329-342.e6. [PMID: 29550255 PMCID: PMC5927625 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Extrinsic signals are implicated in breast cancer resistance to HER2-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). To examine how microenvironmental signals influence resistance, we monitored TKI-treated breast cancer cell lines grown on microenvironment microarrays composed of printed extracellular matrix proteins supplemented with soluble proteins. We tested ~2,500 combinations of 56 soluble and 46 matrix microenvironmental proteins on basal-like HER2+ (HER2E) or luminal-like HER2+ (L-HER2+) cells treated with the TKIs lapatinib or neratinib. In HER2E cells, hepatocyte growth factor, a ligand for MET, induced resistance that could be reversed with crizotinib, an inhibitor of MET. In L-HER2+ cells, neuregulin1-β1 (NRG1β), a ligand for HER3, induced resistance that could be reversed with pertuzumab, an inhibitor of HER2-HER3 heterodimerization. The subtype-specific responses were also observed in 3D cultures and murine xenografts. These results, along with bioinformatic pathway analysis and siRNA knockdown experiments, suggest different mechanisms of resistance specific to each HER2+ subtype: MET signaling for HER2E and HER2-HER3 heterodimerization for L-HER2+ cells.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Databases, Genetic
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Genes, erbB-2/drug effects
- Genes, erbB-2/genetics
- Genes, erbB-2/physiology
- High-Throughput Screening Assays/methods
- Humans
- Lapatinib/pharmacology
- MCF-7 Cells
- Mice
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met/antagonists & inhibitors
- Quinazolines/pharmacology
- Quinolines/pharmacology
- Receptor, ErbB-2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, ErbB-3/antagonists & inhibitors
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects
- Tumor Microenvironment/genetics
- Tumor Microenvironment/physiology
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer S Watson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Mark Dane
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Koei Chin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Zuzana Tatarova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Moqing Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Tiera Liby
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Wallace Thompson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Rebecca Smith
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Michel Nederlof
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Quantitative Imaging Systems LLC, 1410 NW Kearney Street, #1114, Portland, OR 97209, USA
| | - Elmar Bucher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - David Kilburn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Matthew Whitman
- Department of Radiology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Damir Sudar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Quantitative Imaging Systems LLC, 1410 NW Kearney Street, #1114, Portland, OR 97209, USA
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Laura M Heiser
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Oliver Jonas
- Department of Radiology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joe W Gray
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - James E Korkola
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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Steven A, Seliger B. Control of CREB expression in tumors: from molecular mechanisms and signal transduction pathways to therapeutic target. Oncotarget 2018; 7:35454-65. [PMID: 26934558 PMCID: PMC5085243 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyclic AMP response element binding (CREB) protein has pleiotropic activities in physiologic processes. Due to its central position downstream of many growth signaling pathways CREB has the ability to influence cell survival, growth and differentiation of normal, but also of tumor cells suggesting an oncogenic potential of CREB. Indeed, increased CREB expression and activation is associated with tumor progression, chemotherapy resistance and reduced patients' survival. We summarize here the different cellular functions of CREB in tumors of distinct histology as well as its use as potential prognostic marker. In addition, the underlying molecular mechanisms to achieve constitutive activation of CREB including structural alterations, such as gene amplification and chromosomal translocation, and deregulation, which could occur at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational level, will be described. Since downregulation of CREB by different strategies resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation, invasion and induction of apoptosis, the role of CREB as a promising target for cancer therapy will be also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Steven
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Growth differentiation factor 15 mediates epithelial mesenchymal transition and invasion of breast cancers through IGF-1R-FoxM1 signaling. Oncotarget 2017; 8:94393-94406. [PMID: 29212236 PMCID: PMC5706882 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression of the inflammatory cytokine growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is significantly elevated in many tumor types in association with epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), drug resistance, and progressive disease. However, few studies have examined GDF15 expression, signaling, or function in breast cancer. In the current study, we demonstrate that GDF15 is associated with high tumor grade, ER-negativity, and HER2 overexpression in patients with breast cancer. Stable overexpression of GDF15 upregulates expression of mesenchymal markers and transcription factors, including FoxM1, and increases cellular invasion. GDF15 stable clones and breast cancer cells stimulated with recombinant human GDF15 (rhGDF15) demonstrate activation of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), EMT, and invasion. Pharmacologic inhibition of IGF-1R reduces GDF15-mediated EMT and invasion in stable clones, and FoxM1 knockdown rescues invasion and EMT in GDF15 stable clones and rhGDF15-stimulated cells. These data suggest that IGF-1R-FoxM1 signaling is a potential mechanism through which GDF15 drives EMT and invasion of breast cancers. Further, GDF15 knockdown significantly inhibits invasion of HER2-overexpressing and triple-negative breast cancer cells, supporting further preclinical investigation of GDF15-targeted therapies.
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32
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Amunjela JN, Tucker SJ. POPDC1 is suppressed in human breast cancer tissues and is negatively regulated by EGFR in breast cancer cell lines. Cancer Lett 2017; 406:81-92. [PMID: 28807821 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer molecular heterogeneity has resulted in disparities in therapeutic response and targeting of molecular subtypes of breast cancer. This necessitates identification and validation of novel therapeutic targets for breast cancer treatment. Suppression of Popeye domain-containing (POPDC) proteins is hypothesized to promote malignant cell behaviour and poor clinical outcomes in various cancers. We aimed to determine whether POPDC proteins are suppressed in human ductal carcinoma tissues and if this correlates to clinical progression and Her2 status. We further assessed if the EGFR regulated POPDC1 in breast cancer. Here we show significant suppression of POPDC1 in malignant breast cancer tissues without correlation to clinical progression. Interestingly, POPDC2 and POPDC3 were highly expressed in malignant breast tissues. Furthermore, HER2+ status significantly correlated with high POPDC2 and POPDC3, but not POPDC1 expression. We further show for the first time that low POPDC1 correlates to high EGFR expression in breast cancer tissues and that EGFR negatively regulates POPDC1 expression in MCF7, MDA231 and SKBR3 breast cancer cells. Furthermore, overexpression of POPDC1 in MCF7, MDA231 and SKBR3 cells attenuated EGF-mediated cell migration and proliferation. These findings show that POPDC1 is suppressed in breast cancer and can potentially be targeted to inhibit EGFR-mediated cell migration and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Ndamwena Amunjela
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland, United Kingdom.
| | - Steven John Tucker
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland, United Kingdom.
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33
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Chung STM, Geerts D, Roseman K, Renaud A, Connelly L. Osteoprotegerin mediates tumor-promoting effects of Interleukin-1beta in breast cancer cells. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:27. [PMID: 28143606 PMCID: PMC5286681 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0606-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is widely recognized that inflammation promotes breast cancer invasion and metastasis. Given the complex nature of the breast tumor inflammatory microenvironment, much remains to be understood of the molecular mechanisms that govern these effects. We have previously shown that osteoprotegerin knockdown in breast cancer cells resulted in reduced invasion and metastasis. Here we present novel insight into the role of osteoprotegerin in inflammation-driven tumor progression in breast cancer by investigating the link between osteoprotegerin, macrophages and the potent pro-inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-1beta. Methods We used human breast cancer cell lines to investigate the effects of Interleukin-1beta treatment on osteoprotegerin secretion as measured by ELISA. We analyzed public datasets containing human breast cancer genome-wide mRNA expression data to reveal a significant and positive correlation between osteoprotegerin mRNA expression and the mRNA expression of Interleukin-1beta and of monocyte chemoattractant protein CC-chemokine ligand 2. Osteoprotegerin, Interleukin-1beta and CC-chemokine ligand 2 mRNA levels were also examined by qPCR on cDNA from normal and cancerous human breast tissue. We determined the effect of Interleukin-1beta–producing macrophages on osteoprotegerin expression by co-culturing breast cancer cells and differentiated THP-1 macrophages. Immunohistochemistry was performed on human breast tumor tissue microarrays to assess macrophage infiltration and osteoprotegerin expression. To demonstrate that osteoprotegerin mediated functional effects of Interleukin-1beta we performed cell invasion studies with control and OPG siRNA knockdown on Interleukin-1beta-treated breast cancer cells. Results We report that Interleukin-1beta induces osteoprotegerin secretion, independent of breast cancer subtype and basal osteoprotegerin levels. Co-culture of breast cancer cells with Interleukin-1beta-secreting macrophages resulted in a similar increase in osteoprotegerin secretion in breast cancer cells as Interleukin-1beta treatment. Macrophage infiltration correlates with osteoprotegerin secretion in human breast tumor tissue samples. We show that osteoprotegerin secretion is regulated by Interleukin-1beta in a p38- and p42/44-dependent manner. We also demonstrate that osteoprotegerin knockdown represses Interleukin-1beta expression, Interleukin-1beta-mediated breast cancer cell invasion and MMP3 expression. Conclusions These data indicate a novel role for osteoprotegerin as a mediator of inflammation- promoted breast cancer progression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-017-0606-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Tsang Mui Chung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii, USA
| | - Dirk Geerts
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kim Roseman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii, USA
| | - Ashleigh Renaud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii, USA
| | - Linda Connelly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii, USA.
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34
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Werden SJ, Sphyris N, Sarkar TR, Paranjape AN, LaBaff AM, Taube JH, Hollier BG, Ramirez-Peña EQ, Soundararajan R, den Hollander P, Powell E, Echeverria GV, Miura N, Chang JT, Piwnica-Worms H, Rosen JM, Mani SA. Phosphorylation of serine 367 of FOXC2 by p38 regulates ZEB1 and breast cancer metastasis, without impacting primary tumor growth. Oncogene 2016; 35:5977-5988. [PMID: 27292262 PMCID: PMC5114155 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic competence is contingent upon the aberrant activation of a latent embryonic program, known as the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which bestows stem cell properties as well as migratory and invasive capabilities upon differentiated tumor cells. We recently identified the transcription factor FOXC2 as a downstream effector of multiple EMT programs, independent of the EMT-inducing stimulus, and as a key player linking EMT, stem cell traits and metastatic competence in breast cancer. As such, FOXC2 could serve as a potential therapeutic target to attenuate metastasis. However, as FOXC2 is a transcription factor, it is difficult to target by conventional means such as small-molecule inhibitors. Herein, we identify the serine/threonine-specific kinase p38 as a druggable upstream regulator of FOXC2 stability and function that elicits phosphorylation of FOXC2 at serine 367 (S367). Using an orthotopic syngeneic mouse tumor model, we make the striking observation that inhibition of p38-FOXC2 signaling selectively attenuates metastasis without impacting primary tumor growth. In this model, circulating tumor cell numbers are significantly reduced in mice treated with the p38 inhibitor SB203580, relative to vehicle-treated counterparts. Accordingly, genetic or pharmacological inhibition of p38 decreases FOXC2 protein levels, reverts the EMT phenotype and compromises stem cell attributes in vitro. We also identify the EMT-regulator ZEB1-known to directly repress E-cadherin/CDH1-as a downstream target of FOXC2, critically dependent on its activation by p38. Consistent with the notion that activation of the p38-FOXC2 signaling axis represents a critical juncture in the acquisition of metastatic competence, the phosphomimetic FOXC2(S367E) mutant is refractory to p38 inhibition both in vitro and in vivo, whereas the non-phosphorylatable FOXC2(S367A) mutant fails to elicit EMT and upregulate ZEB1. Collectively, our data demonstrate that FOXC2 regulates EMT, stem cell traits, ZEB1 expression and metastasis in a p38-dependent manner, and attest to the potential utility of p38 inhibitors as antimetastatic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Werden
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - N Sphyris
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - T R Sarkar
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A N Paranjape
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A M LaBaff
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J H Taube
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - B G Hollier
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - E Q Ramirez-Peña
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R Soundararajan
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - P den Hollander
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - E Powell
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - G V Echeverria
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - N Miura
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - J T Chang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - H Piwnica-Worms
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J M Rosen
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - S A Mani
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Metastasis Research Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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35
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García-Cano J, Roche O, Cimas FJ, Pascual-Serra R, Ortega-Muelas M, Fernández-Aroca DM, Sánchez-Prieto R. p38MAPK and Chemotherapy: We Always Need to Hear Both Sides of the Story. Front Cell Dev Biol 2016; 4:69. [PMID: 27446920 PMCID: PMC4928511 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2016.00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The p38MAPK signaling pathway was initially described as a stress response mechanism. In fact, during previous decades, it was considered a pathway with little interest in oncology especially in comparison with other MAPKs such as ERK1/2, known to be target of oncogenes like Ras. However, its involvement in apoptotic cell death phenomena makes this signaling pathway more attractive for many cancer research laboratories. This apoptotic role allows to establish a link between p38MAPK and regular chemotherapeutic agents such as Cisplatin or base analogs (Cytarabine, Gemcitabine or 5-Fluorouracil) which are currently used in hospitals across the world. In fact, and more recently, p38MAPK has also been connected with targeted therapies like tyrosine kinase inhibitors (vg. Imatinib, Sorafenib) and, to a lesser extent, with monoclonal antibodies. In addition, the oncogenic or tumor suppressor potential of this signaling pathway has aroused the interest of the scientific community in evaluating p38MAPK as a novel target for cancer therapy. In this review, we will summarize the role of p38MAPK in chemotherapy as well as the potential that p38MAPK inhibition can bring to cancer therapy. All the evidences suggest that p38MAPK could be a double-edged sword and that the search for the most appropriate candidate patients, depending on their pathology and treatment, will lead to a more rational use of this new therapeutic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús García-Cano
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Laboratorio de Oncología, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad de Biomedicina UCLM-CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha/PCTCLM Albacete, Spain
| | - Olga Roche
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Laboratorio de Oncología, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad de Biomedicina UCLM-CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha/PCTCLM Albacete, Spain
| | - Francisco J Cimas
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Laboratorio de Oncología, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad de Biomedicina UCLM-CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha/PCTCLM Albacete, Spain
| | - Raquel Pascual-Serra
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Laboratorio de Oncología, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad de Biomedicina UCLM-CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha/PCTCLM Albacete, Spain
| | - Marta Ortega-Muelas
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Laboratorio de Oncología, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad de Biomedicina UCLM-CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha/PCTCLM Albacete, Spain
| | - Diego M Fernández-Aroca
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Laboratorio de Oncología, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad de Biomedicina UCLM-CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha/PCTCLM Albacete, Spain
| | - Ricardo Sánchez-Prieto
- Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Laboratorio de Oncología, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad de Biomedicina UCLM-CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha/PCTCLM Albacete, Spain
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36
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Role of miR-155 in drug resistance of breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:1395-401. [PMID: 25744731 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3263-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expressions at posttranscriptional level. Growing evidence points to their significant role in the acquisition of drug resistance in cancers. Studies show that miRNAs are often aberrantly expressed in human cancer cells which are associated with tumorigenesis, metastasis, invasiveness, and drug resistance. Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-induced death in women. Over the last decades, increasing attention has been paid to the effects of miRNAs on the development of breast cancer drug resistance. Among them, miR-155 takes part in a sequence of bioprocesses that contribute to the development of such drug resistance, including repression of FOXO3a, enhancement of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, reduction of RhoA, and affecting the length of telomeres. In this review, we discuss the role of miR-155 in the acquisition of breast cancer drug resistance. This will provide a new way in antiresistance treatment of drug-resistant breast cancer.
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Ping Y, Deng Y, Wang L, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Xu C, Zhao H, Fan H, Yu F, Xiao Y, Li X. Identifying core gene modules in glioblastoma based on multilayer factor-mediated dysfunctional regulatory networks through integrating multi-dimensional genomic data. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 43:1997-2007. [PMID: 25653168 PMCID: PMC4344511 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The driver genetic aberrations collectively regulate core cellular processes underlying cancer development. However, identifying the modules of driver genetic alterations and characterizing their functional mechanisms are still major challenges for cancer studies. Here, we developed an integrative multi-omics method CMDD to identify the driver modules and their affecting dysregulated genes through characterizing genetic alteration-induced dysregulated networks. Applied to glioblastoma (GBM), the CMDD identified a core gene module of 17 genes, including seven known GBM drivers, and their dysregulated genes. The module showed significant association with shorter survival of GBM. When classifying driver genes in the module into two gene sets according to their genetic alteration patterns, we found that one gene set directly participated in the glioma pathway, while the other indirectly regulated the glioma pathway, mostly, via their dysregulated genes. Both of the two gene sets were significant contributors to survival and helpful for classifying GBM subtypes, suggesting their critical roles in GBM pathogenesis. Also, by applying the CMDD to other six cancers, we identified some novel core modules associated with overall survival of patients. Together, these results demonstrate integrative multi-omics data can identify driver modules and uncover their dysregulated genes, which is useful for interpreting cancer genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Ping
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Yulan Deng
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Hongyi Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Chaohan Xu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Hongying Zhao
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Huihui Fan
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Fulong Yu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Yun Xiao
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Xia Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
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