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Martín-Nieves V, Menéndez-Méndez LM, Fàbrega C, Fernández S, Sanghvi YS, Ferrero M, Eritja R. Synthesis of 2'- O-Methyl/2'- O-MOE-L-Nucleoside Derivatives and Their Applications: Preparation of G-Quadruplexes, Their Characterization, and Stability Studies. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:44893-44904. [PMID: 38046329 PMCID: PMC10688165 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Nucleosides and their analogues constitute an important family of molecules with potential antiviral and antiproliferative activity. The enantiomers of natural nucleosides, l-nucleoside derivatives, which have comparable biological activity but more favorable toxicological properties and greater metabolic stability than d-nucleosides, have emerged as a new class of therapeutic agents. Furthermore, l-nucleosides can be used as a building block to prepare l-oligonucleotides, which have identical physical properties in terms of solubility, hybridization kinetics, and duplex thermal stability as d-oligonucleotides but completely orthogonal in nature. Consequently, they are resistant to nuclease degradation, nontoxic, and immunologically passive, which are desirable properties for biomedical applications. Herein, we describe the synthesis of several 2'-O-methyl/2'-O-MOE-l-nucleoside pyrimidine derivatives and their incorporation into G-rich oligonucleotides. Finally, we evaluated the stability and resistance against nucleases of these new G-quadruplexes, demonstrating the potential of the l-nucleosides described in this work in providing enhanced nuclease resistance with a minimal impact in the nucleic acid structural properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Martín-Nieves
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo (Asturias) 33006, Spain
| | - Luis Miguel Menéndez-Méndez
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo (Asturias) 33006, Spain
- Dpt.
Chemical & Biomolecular Nanotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC, CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
- CIBER-BBN
Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Carme Fàbrega
- Dpt.
Chemical & Biomolecular Nanotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC, CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
- CIBER-BBN
Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Susana Fernández
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo (Asturias) 33006, Spain
| | - Yogesh S. Sanghvi
- Rasayan
Inc., 2802 Crystal Ridge
Road, Encinitas, California 92024-6615, United
States
| | - Miguel Ferrero
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo (Asturias) 33006, Spain
| | - Ramon Eritja
- Dpt.
Chemical & Biomolecular Nanotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC, CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
- CIBER-BBN
Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona 08034, Spain
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2
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Kaczmarek R, Radzikowska-Cieciura E, Królewska-Golińska K, Dolot R, Wheeler KA, Chavez FA, Dembinski R. Synthesis and Determination of Anticancer Activity of Dicobalt Hexacarbonyl 2'-Deoxy-5-alkynylfuropyrimidines. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:962-969. [PMID: 37465308 PMCID: PMC10351056 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Dicobalt hexacarbonyl 5-alkynyl furopyrimidine nucleoside analogs, with 4-methylphenyl (p-tolyl) and 4-pentylphenyl substituents attached at the C-6 base position, designed in the form of ribose acetyl esters, were synthesized (42-96%). Attached at the C-5 position were propargyl alcohol, its methyl ether and acetate derivatives, butynol, and the 4-methylphenyl- (p-tolyl) and 4-pentylphenyl-substituted alkynyl groups, which were coordinated to a dicobalt hexacarbonyl unit. The structure of 5-(3-acetoxyprop-1-yn-1-yl)-6-p-tolyl-2'-deoxyribofuranosyl-furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-one was determined by X-ray crystallography. Density functional theory calculations performed on the corresponding derivative yielded geometric parameters for the dicobalt hexacarbonyl adduct of this ligand. The cytotoxic activity of each of dicobalt modified nucleosides on cancer cells of different phenotypes was determined in vitro. The investigated compounds showed antiproliferative effects with median inhibitory concentration (IC50) values in the ranges of 14-90 and 9-50 μM for HeLa and K562 cells, respectively. The formation of reactive oxygen species in the presence of modified nucleosides was determined in K562 cells. The results indicate that the mechanism of action for the studied compounds may be related to the induction of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Kaczmarek
- Centre
of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
| | - Ewa Radzikowska-Cieciura
- Centre
of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
| | - Karolina Królewska-Golińska
- Centre
of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
| | - Rafał Dolot
- Centre
of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
| | - Kraig A. Wheeler
- Department
of Chemistry, Whitworth University, 300 W. Hawthorne Rd., Spokane, Washington 99251, United States
| | - Ferman A. Chavez
- Department
of Chemistry, Oakland University, 146 Library Dr., Rochester, Michigan 48309-4479, United States
| | - Roman Dembinski
- Centre
of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
- Department
of Chemistry, Oakland University, 146 Library Dr., Rochester, Michigan 48309-4479, United States
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3
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Kumar S, Kumar S, Arora A, Prasad AK, Maity J. 5‐Formyluridine and Its Synthetic Applications. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar
- Bioorganic Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Delhi Delhi India
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Bioorganic Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Delhi Delhi India
| | - Aditi Arora
- Bioorganic Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Delhi Delhi India
| | - Ashok K. Prasad
- Bioorganic Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Delhi Delhi India
| | - Jyotirmoy Maity
- Department of Chemistry St. Stephen's College University of Delhi Delhi India
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4
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Kaczmarek R, Twardy DJ, Olson TL, Korczyński D, Andrei G, Snoeck R, Dolot R, Wheeler KA, Dembinski R. Extension of furopyrimidine nucleosides with 5-alkynyl substituent: Synthesis, high fluorescence, and antiviral effect in the absence of free ribose hydroxyl groups. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 209:112884. [PMID: 33039724 PMCID: PMC7521880 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A novel methodology to access alkynyl nucleoside analogues is elaborated. Highly fluorescent 5-alkynylfuropyrimidines were synthesized (97-46%) and their antiviral properties investigated in vitro. Regiochemistry of the functionalization was achieved with the aid of 5-endo-dig electrophilic halocyclization of acetyl 5-p-tolyl- or 5-p-pentylphenyl-2'-deoxyuridine. Structure of one of the resulting nucleosides, 6-p-tolyl-5-iodo-2'-deoxyribofuranosyl-furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-one, was confirmed by X-ray crystallography, and its conformation was compared to related nucleosides. Diverse alkynyl substituents were introduced at the heterobicyclic base C-5 position via Sonogashira coupling of 5-iodo-2'-deoxyribofuranosyl-furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-ones. The resulting compounds had fluorescence emissions of 452-481 nm. High quantum yields of 0.53-0.60 were observed for 9-ethynyl-9-fluorenol and propargyl alcohol/methyl ether-modified furopyrimidines. These modified nucleosides, designed in the form of ribose acetyl esters, are potential tools for fluorescent tagging, studying nucleoside metabolism, 2'-deoxyribonucleoside kinase activity, and antiviral activity. Antiviral assays against a broad spectrum of DNA and RNA viruses showed that in human embryonic lung (HEL) cell cultures some of the compounds posess antiviral activity (EC50 1.3-13.2 μM) against varicella-zoster virus (VZV). The alkynyl furopyrimidine with two p-pentylphenyl substituents emerged as the best compound with reasonable and selective anti-VZV activity, confirming p-pentylphenyl potency as a pharmacophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Kaczmarek
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Łódź, Poland
| | - Dylan J Twardy
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, 146 Library Drive, Rochester, MI, 48309-4479, USA
| | - Trevor L Olson
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, 146 Library Drive, Rochester, MI, 48309-4479, USA
| | - Dariusz Korczyński
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Łódź, Poland
| | - Graciela Andrei
- Rega Institute, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robert Snoeck
- Rega Institute, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rafał Dolot
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Łódź, Poland
| | - Kraig A Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry, Whitworth University, 300 W. Hawthorne Rd., Spokane, WA, 99251, USA
| | - Roman Dembinski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Łódź, Poland; Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, 146 Library Drive, Rochester, MI, 48309-4479, USA.
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5
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Deng X, Zheng W, Jin C, Bai L. Synthesis of Novel 6-Aryloxy-4-chloro-2-phenylpyrimidines as Fungicides and Herbicide Safeners. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:23996-24004. [PMID: 32984721 PMCID: PMC7513367 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Fenclorim is a commercial herbicide safener with fungicidal activity used for chloroacetanilide herbicides, which might be suitable as a lead compound for screening novel fungicides. However, little has been reported so far on the structure-activity relationship of fungicidal activities of fenclorim or its analogues. Here, a series of 4-chloro-6-substituted phenoxy-2-phenylpyrimidine derivatives was synthesized by a substructure splicing route using fenclorim as a lead compound. The structures of synthesized derivatives were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS. Their fungicidal and herbicide safening activities were then evaluated. The results revealed that compound 11 had the best fungicidal activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Thanatephorus cucumeris, which was better than that of the control pyrimethanil. Moreover, compounds 3, 5, and 25 exhibited excellent safening activities against fresh weight, plant height, and root length, respectively. Such activities were significantly improved when compared to fenclorim. In summary, these findings look promising for the preparation of new fungicides and herbicide safeners based on the structure of fenclorim.
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Kapdi AR, Bhilare S, Kori S, Shet H, Balaram G, Mahendar K, Sanghvi YS. Scale-Up of a Heck Alkenylation Reaction: Application to the Synthesis of an Amino-Modifier Nucleoside ‘Ruth Linker’. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractRuth linker is a C5 pyrimidine modified nucleoside analogue widely utilized for the incorporation of a primary amine in a synthetic oligonucleotide. The increasing demand for non-radioactive labeling, detection of biomolecules, and assembly of COVID-19 test kits has triggered a need for scale-up of Ruth linker. Herein, an efficient protocol involving a palladium-catalyzed Heck alkenylation is described. The synthesis has been optimized with a goal of low catalyst concentration, column-free isolation, high product purity, reproducibility, and shorter reaction time. The scalability and utility of the process have been demonstrated successfully on a 100 g scale (starting material). Additionally, for scale-up of the Heck alkenylation protocol, 7-phospha-1,3,5-triaza-adamantanebutane sulfonate (PTABS) as the coordinating caged phosphine ligand was also synthesized on a multigram scale after careful optimization of the conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anant R. Kapdi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology
| | | | - Santosh Kori
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology
- Institute of Chemical Technology-Indian Oil Odisha Campus, IIT Kharagpur Extension Centre
| | - Harshita Shet
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology
- Institute of Chemical Technology-Indian Oil Odisha Campus, IIT Kharagpur Extension Centre
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